Voltage-equalizing control circuit of current DC-DC converter
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control circuit of switch converters, relate in particular to a kind of circuit that switch converters is carried out Pressure and Control.
Two, background technology
In the current DC-DC converter of existing input or output series connection, control circuit often adopts two pwm chips to produce staggered pwm signal, and two output voltage regulators are realized input voltage is all pressed.Utilize the outer ends synchronously of two control chips (can be so that outer synchronizing clock signals differs 180 °, the sawtooth waveforms of corresponding like this two chips also differs 180 °) to realize staggered control.Outer synchronous realization can adopt the crystal oscillator frequency division to realize, crystal oscillator obtains the square-wave signal that frequency is 2f through binary divider, obtain the signal of two complementations again through two principal and subordinate's d type flip flops, obtain the outer synchronization pulse that frequency is 180 ° of the phase phasic differences of f through two monostable flipflops that can heavily trigger at last.In order to realize all pressing, with after input or the amplification of output error voltage signal process operational amplifier, be superimposed on voltage regulator separately usually, regulate duty ratio separately respectively, realize the equilibrium of two-way input voltage.This control circuit complexity, and diminish the reliability and the vulnerability to jamming of circuit.
Three, summary of the invention
1, goal of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of and use a slice pwm chip just can produce staggered pwm signal and only use an output voltage regulator just can realize inputing or outputing the control circuit of all pressing of series transformer.
2, technical scheme: in order to narrate conveniently, below in conjunction with description of drawings technical scheme of the present invention: in order to reach above-mentioned goal of the invention, the present invention includes two voltage error amplifying circuits, a pwm control circuit, two gating switches and two photoelectric coupled circuit, the output of two voltage error amplifiers is connected by photoelectric coupled circuit with two gating switches, the base stage of two gating switches respectively with resistance (R13, R14) a end links to each other, resistance (R13, R14) the other end meets PWMA respectively, the PWMB signal, PWMA, PWMB is the two-way output signal of pwm control circuit; The emitter of two gating switches inserts between resistance (Rs) and the divider resistance (R26), resistance (Rs) end ground connection, and the other end is connected with an end of divider resistance (R26), comparator input terminal in another termination of divider resistance (R26) PWM chip.Two gating switches can adopt triode, also can adopt other forms of switch.
Photoelectric coupled circuit also can replace with transistor circuit, uses photoelectric coupled circuit when sample circuit and control circuit require to isolate, and does not require at sample circuit and control circuit and uses transistor circuit when isolating.
Voltage error amplifying circuit (11) comprises resistance (R1), resistance (R2), resistance (R3), resistance (R4) and amplifier (A1), wherein, and the in-phase input end of resistance (R1) termination operational amplifier (A1), the extraneous sampled voltage of another termination; The reverse input end of resistance (R2) termination operational amplifier (A1), another road sampled voltage of another termination; Resistance (R3) end ground connection, the other end are connected between resistance (R1) and operational amplifier (A1) in-phase input end; Resistance (R4) is connected between the inverting input and output of operational amplifier (A1).Voltage error amplifying circuit (12) comprises resistance (R7), resistance (R8), resistance (R9), resistance (R10) and amplifier (A2), wherein, and the inverting input of resistance (R7) termination operational amplifier (A2), the extraneous sampled voltage of another termination; The in-phase input end of resistance (R8) termination operational amplifier (A2), the extraneous sampled voltage in another road of another termination; Resistance (R10) end ground connection, the other end are connected between resistance (R8) and operational amplifier (A2) in-phase input end; Resistance (R9) is connected between the inverting input and output of operational amplifier (A2); Resistance (R1, R7) inserts sampled voltage V1, and resistance (R2, R8) inserts sampled voltage V2.
In the photoelectric coupled circuit (14), the crus secunda of photoelectrical coupler links to each other with the output of operational amplifier, first pin links to each other with an end of resistance (R5), the other end of resistance (R5) inserts DC power supply VCC, tripod links to each other with the collector electrode of gating switch (Q1), the 4th pin links to each other with an end of resistance (R6), the other end of resistance (R6) and PWM chip reference voltage V
RefLink to each other; In the photoelectric coupled circuit (15), the crus secunda of photoelectrical coupler links to each other with the output of operational amplifier (A2), first pin links to each other with an end of resistance (R11), the other end of resistance (R11) inserts DC power supply VCC, tripod links to each other with the collector electrode of gating switch (Q2), the 4th pin links to each other with an end of resistance (R12), the other end of resistance (R12) and PWM chip reference voltage V
RefLink to each other.
In the transistor circuit (16), resistance (R18) is connected with the base stage of triode (Q4), the other end is connected with the output of amplifier (A1), the emitter of triode (Q4) inserts PWM chip reference voltage by resistance (R17), the collector electrode of triode (Q4) is connected with the collector electrode of gating switch (Q1), resistance (R16) termination is gone into DC power supply, and the other end is connected between amplifier (A1) and the resistance (R18); In the transistor circuit (17), resistance (R20) is connected with the base stage of triode (Q5), the other end is connected with the output of amplifier (A2), the emitter of triode (Q5) inserts PWM chip reference voltage by resistance (R19), the collector electrode of triode (Q5) is connected with the collector electrode of gating switch (Q2), resistance (R21) termination is gone into DC power supply, and the other end is connected between the output and resistance (R20) of amplifier (A2).
Peak electricity flow pattern DC-DC converter input is connected in series this circuit when carrying out Pressure and Control, adopts photoelectric coupled circuit when sample circuit and control circuit need be isolated, and its operation principle is: by sampling input series connection end total voltage V
InWith series connection mid-point voltage V
C2, the sampling coefficient is respectively 1/2K
fAnd K
f, obtain sampled voltage and be respectively V1 and V2.V1 and V2 are input to operational amplifier, and operational amplifier amplifies the input voltage error, thereby regulates the primary current I of photoelectrical coupler
F, make also I of its marginal electric current
S=CTR*I
F(CTR is the current transfer ratio of photoelectrical coupler) also changes.Because main circuit is peak current control and gating switch (Q1, Q2) base stage is the pwm signal of two-way series connection input DC-DC converter, the marginal electric current of photoelectrical coupler is superimposed on the inductive current sampling resistor, change sampled voltage, thereby can regulate the duty ratio of main circuit double switch pipe respectively, the realization input voltage is all pressed.Input is connected in series, and to carry out the concrete operation principle of Pressure and Control as follows for this circuit:
(1) when V1>V2, operational amplifier A 1 output voltage is greater than the output voltage of operational amplifier A 2, thus the primary current of optocoupler PHC1 less than the primary current of optocoupler PHC2, then the secondary current of optocoupler PHC1 is also less than the secondary current of optocoupler PHC2.。Because main circuit is peak current control and gating switch (Q1, Q2) base stage is the pwm signal of two-way series connection input DC-DC converter, therefore when set out on a journey conducting, the voltage of the voltage of sampling resistor Rs sampling resistor Rs during less than road conducting is instantly then regulated the feasible duty ratio D that sets out on a journey of duty ratio
AGreater than following road duty ratio D
B, again because two-way input voltage V up and down
C1+ V
C2=V
InBe definite value, so can regulate two-way input voltage, V
C1Descend V
C2Rise final two-way input voltage approximately equal.
(2) when V1<V2, the output voltage of operational amplifier A 1 output voltage less-than operation amplifier A2, so the primary current of optocoupler PHC1 greater than the primary current of optocoupler PHC2, then the secondary current of optocoupler PHC1 is also greater than the secondary current of optocoupler PHC2.。Because main circuit is peak current control and gating switch (Q1, Q2) base stage is the pwm signal of two-way series connection input DC-DC converter, therefore when set out on a journey conducting, the voltage of the voltage of sampling resistor Rs sampling resistor Rs during greater than road conducting is instantly then regulated the feasible duty ratio D that sets out on a journey of duty ratio
ALess than following road duty ratio D
B, again because two-way input voltage V up and down
C1+ V
C2=V
InBe definite value, so can regulate two-way input voltage, V
C1Rise V
C2Descend final two-way input voltage approximately equal.
When realizing Pressure and Control when the current DC-DC converter output is connected in series, it is the same all to press principle, circuit structure and current DC-DC converter input to be connected in series, and just operational amplifier A 1 and A2 homophase and inverting input signal are exchanged.
3, beneficial effect: (1) main circuit only needs a slice pwm chip just can produce staggered pwm signal; When (2) this circuit only needs an output voltage regulator just can realize the input series connection, the uniform voltage function of input; (3) circuit structure is simple, has improved the reliability of circuit working.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the control circuit schematic diagram that adopts the current DC-DC converter input series average-voltage of light-coupled isolation;
Fig. 2 is the control circuit structural representation of sample circuit and the control circuit current DC-DC converter input series average-voltage of not isolating;
Fig. 3 is based on UC3846 peak electricity flow pattern DC-DC converter input series connection and realizes all control circuit structural representations of pressure
Related symbol explanation among the figure: Vr-reference voltage, Vo-exports sampled voltage, the sampled voltage of V1-series connection end total voltage, V2-series connection end mid point sampled voltage, the EA-voltage error amplifier, A1, the A2-operational amplifier, the COMP-comparator, the OSC-oscillator, the LATCH-latch, the PWM-pulse width modulated wave, PWM (the A)-pulse width modulated wave of setting out on a journey, PWM (B)-following road pulse width modulated wave, PHC1, the PHC2-photoelectrical coupler, UC3846-PWM control chip, Q1, Q2, the Q3-NPN triode, Q4, the Q5-PNP triode, Rs-inductive current sampling resistor, R1, R2, R7, R8-operational amplifier input resistance, R3, R4, R9, the R10-operational amplifier amplifies resistance, R5, R6, R11, R12-optocoupler current-limiting resistance, R13, R14, R18, R20, R29-transistor base resistance, R26, R27-slope compensation divider resistance, R22, R23-series connection end mid-point voltage sampling resistor, R24, R25-series connection end total voltage sampling resistor, the R30-load resistance, the Vref-chip provides reference voltage, R15-filter resistance, C1-filter capacitor, the CT-sawtooth signal, V
CC-direct current supply voltage.
Five, embodiment
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, present embodiment is imported the control circuit of series average-voltage for the current DC-DC converter that adopts light-coupled isolation, comprise voltage error amplifier 11,12, pwm control circuit 13, gating switch Q1, Q2 and photoelectric coupled circuit 14,15, gating switch Q1, Q2 is a NPN type triode, the output of voltage error amplifier 11 is connected by photoelectric coupled circuit 14 with gating switch Q1, the output of voltage error amplifier 12 is connected by photoelectric coupled circuit 15 with gating switch Q2, gating switch Q1, the base stage of Q2 respectively with resistance R 13, the end of R14 links to each other, R13, the other end of R14 connects pwm signal respectively, gating switch Q1, the emitter of Q2 inserts between resistance R s and the divider resistance R26, resistance R s one end ground connection, the other end is connected with the end of divider resistance R26, comparator input terminal in another termination of divider resistance R26 PWM chip.Voltage error amplifier 11 comprises resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, resistance R 4 and amplifier A1, wherein, and the in-phase input end of resistance R 1 one termination operational amplifier A 1, the extraneous sampled voltage of another termination; The inverting input of resistance R 2 one termination operational amplifier A 1, another road sampled voltage of another termination; Resistance R 3 one end ground connection, the other end are connected between resistance R 1 and operational amplifier A 1 in-phase input end; Resistance R 4 is connected between the inverting input and output of operational amplifier A 1; Voltage error amplifier 12 comprises resistance R 7, resistance R 8, resistance R 9, resistance R 10 and amplifier A2, wherein, and the inverting input of resistance R 7 one termination operational amplifier A 2, the extraneous sampled voltage of another termination; The in-phase input end of resistance R 8 one termination operational amplifier A 2, the extraneous sampled voltage in another road of another termination; Resistance R 10 1 end ground connection, the other end are connected between resistance R 8 and operational amplifier A 2 in-phase input ends; Resistance R 9 is connected between the inverting input and output of operational amplifier A 2.In the photoelectric coupled circuit 14,2 pin of photoelectrical coupler PHC1 link to each other with the output of operational amplifier A 1,1 pin of photoelectrical coupler PHC1 links to each other with an end of resistance R 5, the other end of resistance R 5 links to each other with DC power supply, 3 pin of photoelectrical coupler PHC1 link to each other with the collector electrode of triode Q1,4 pin of photoelectrical coupler PHC1 link to each other with an end of resistance R 6, and the other end of resistance R 6 links to each other with PWM chip reference voltage; In the photoelectric coupled circuit 15,2 pin of photoelectrical coupler PHC2 link to each other with the output of operational amplifier A 2,1 pin of photoelectrical coupler PHC2 links to each other with an end of resistance R 11, the other end of resistance R 11 links to each other with DC power supply, 3 pin of photoelectrical coupler PHC2 link to each other with the collector electrode of triode Q2,4 pin of photoelectrical coupler PHC2 link to each other with an end of resistance R 12, and the other end of resistance R 12 links to each other with PWM chip reference voltage.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 2, present embodiment is that sample circuit and control circuit do not require the circuit when isolating, import the control circuit of series average-voltage for the current DC-DC converter that adopts transistor circuit, its circuit structure is substantially the same manner as Example 1, its difference is, photoelectric coupled circuit 14 and 15 replaces with transistor circuit 16 and 17, in the transistor circuit 16, resistance R 18 is connected with the base stage of triode Q4, the other end is connected with the output of amplifier A1, the emitter of triode Q4 inserts PWM chip reference voltage by resistance R 17, the collector electrode of triode Q4 is connected with the collector electrode of gating switch Q1, resistance R 16 1 terminations are gone into DC power supply, and the other end is connected between amplifier A1 and the resistance R 18; In the transistor circuit 17, resistance R 20 is connected with the base stage of triode Q5, the other end is connected with the output of amplifier A2, the emitter of triode Q5 inserts PWM chip reference voltage by resistance R 19, the collector electrode of triode Q5 is connected with the collector electrode of gating switch Q2, resistance R 21 1 terminations are gone into DC power supply, and the other end is connected between the output and resistance R 20 of amplifier A2.
Embodiment 3: as shown in Figure 3, for combining with pwm chip UC3846, the present invention realizes peak current is controlled the input series connection voltage-equalizing control circuit of DC-DC converter, adopt light-coupled isolation sample circuit and control circuit, the string that main circuit is controlled for interlocking-and make up the double tube positive exciting circuit.Specifically comprise main circuit and input voltage sample circuit 2 thereof, peak current control DC-DC converter is imported series connection voltage-equalizing control circuit 1, UC3846 type pwm chip 3 and current sample and slope compensation circuit 4.In main circuit and input voltage sample circuit 2 thereof, R22, R23, R24, R25 are sampling resistor, the sampled voltage of input total voltage is exactly the voltage on the resistance R 25, its sampling coefficient is 1/2Kf, the sampled voltage of importing mid-point voltage simultaneously with regard to the time voltage on the resistance R 23, its sampling coefficient is Kf.In to peak current control DC-DC converter input series connection voltage-equalizing control circuit 1, the be connected in series sampled voltage of total voltage of branch road and the sampled voltage of series arm mid-point voltage of converter represented with V1 and V2 respectively.Sampled voltage V1 and V2 pass through homophase, anti-phase (anti-phase, homophase) input that operational amplifier A 1 (A2) input resistance R1, R2 (R7, R8) are connected to operational amplifier A 1 (A2) respectively, and operational amplifier A 1 (A2) is amplified inverting input and the output that resistance R 4 (R9) is connected to operational amplifier A 1 (A2); The former limit one of photoelectrical coupler PHC1 (PHC2) is terminated at the output of operational amplifier A 1 (A2), and the other end is connected to DC power supply by current-limiting resistance R5 (R11) respectively; The marginal end of photoelectrical coupler PHC1 (PHC2) is connected to the reference voltage terminal (2 pin) of UC3846 respectively by current-limiting resistance R6 (R12), the other end is connected to the collector electrode of gating switch Q1 (Q2) respectively; The base stage of gating switch Q1 (Q2) is connected to PWM output signal end 11 pin (14 pin) of UC3846 respectively by base resistance R13 (R14); (Q1, emitter Q2) are connected to resistance R S and R15 common port to two gating switches together.In current sample and slope compensation circuit 4, inductance sample rate current and all press the offset current sampling resistor Rs that flows through, produce sampled voltage, sampled voltage is through filter resistance and electric capacity R15, C1 filtering, be applied to divider resistance R26 one end, ramp signal is connected on the base stage of NPN triode Q3 by resistance R 29, ramp signal is from the CT end (8 pin) of UC3846, the collector electrode of Q3 connects the reference voltage terminal of UC3846 by resistance R 28, emitter meets another divider resistance R27, the common port of R27 and R26 is connected on the current sample positive input (4 pin) of UC3846, the current sample reverse input end of UC3846 (3 pin) ground connection.