CN1890681A - 带有射频标识器的身份本 - Google Patents

带有射频标识器的身份本 Download PDF

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CN1890681A
CN1890681A CNA2004800356947A CN200480035694A CN1890681A CN 1890681 A CN1890681 A CN 1890681A CN A2004800356947 A CNA2004800356947 A CN A2004800356947A CN 200480035694 A CN200480035694 A CN 200480035694A CN 1890681 A CN1890681 A CN 1890681A
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格扎维埃·邦
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Abstract

本发明涉及诸如护照之类的身份本包括：一个由一个顶封面板(16)和一个底封面板(14)组成的加固纸封面，一刀顶飞页(22)和底飞页(20)分别叠在顶封面板的反面和底封面板的正面的内页纸，以及一个由一个芯片(12)和一个连接到这个芯片的接线端上的天线组成的标识器(RFID)。这个天线包括一个设置在顶和/或底封面板的要与相应飞页叠合的表面上的第一天线部分(10)和一个设置在顶和/或底飞页的要与相应封面板叠合的表面上的第二天线部分，第一和第二天线部分在飞页与盖板叠合时相互连接，构成天线。

Description

带有射频标识器的身份本
技术领域
本发明涉及诸如护照之类的身份本，特别是涉及带有射频标识器的身份本。
背景技术
无接触射频标识器(RFID)日益用来标识在受控进入区域内活动或者从一个区域移动到另一个区域的人员。无接触RFID是一种由一个天线和一个接到这个天线的接线端上的芯片构成的装置。这个芯片通常没有电源供电，而是靠阅读器的天线与RFID的天线之间的电磁耦合得到能量，在RFID与阅读器之间交换信息，特别是存储在芯片内的与持有RFID所在物的持有人的身份有关的信息和与他是否有权进入一个受控进入区域有关的信息。
这样，护照可以含有标识护照持有人身份的RFID。芯片的存储器含有诸如护照持有人的身份、他的出生国、他的国籍、所访问的不同国家的签证、进入日期、活动限制之类的信息。这样的护照可参见专利US 5.528.222和专利申请WO/00/26856。在这些文件中，RFID设置在护照的顶封面板内。它通常插在加固的封面板与一刀护照页纸的迭在加固的封面板的反面上的飞(衬)页(flyleaf)之间。
不幸的是，不正当的个人比较容易篡改这样的护照，用它制作一个伪造的护照。不正当的个人只要剥下飞页就可以接触到RFID，用一个含有另一个RFID的新封面代替这个封面或者就用另一个芯片代替这个芯片，使得RFID所提供的信息与伪造护照内所含有的信息相应。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种使用一个射频标识器的诸如护照之类的身份本，其中天线以如果要篡改这个身份本就会损坏的方式安装。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种身份本，特别是护照，这种身份本包括：一个由一个顶封面板和一个底封面板组成的加固纸封面，一刀顶飞页和底飞页分别迭在顶封面板的反面和底封面板的正面上的内页纸，以及一个包括一个芯片和一个连接到这个芯片的接线端上的天线的射频标识器(RFID)，RFID的至少一个部分插在顶封面板与顶飞页之间或者插在底封面板与底飞页之间。这个天线包括一个设置在顶和/或底封面板的要与相应飞页迭合的表面上的第一天线部分和一个设置在顶和/或底飞页的要与相应封面板迭合的表面上的第二天线部分，第一和第二天线部分在飞页与封面板迭合时相互连接，构成天线。
附图说明
从以下结合附图所作的说明中可以清楚地看到本发明的用途、目的和特征，在这些附图中：
图1A示出了按照本发明的身份本的封面，包括顶、底封面板，按照第一实施例在上面设置有第一天线部分；
图1B示出了身份本的飞页，飞页上设置有按照本发明的第一实施例的第二天线部分；
图2为身份本的透视图，示出了通过将图1A和1B所示的第一和第二天线部分在迭合时并置形成RFID的天线的情况；
图3A示出了身份本的封面，包括顶、底封面板，按照本发明的第二实施例，在封面上设置有第一天线部分；
图3B示出了身份本的飞页，按照本发明的第二实施例，在飞页上设置有第二天线部分；
图4为身份本的透视图，示出了用图3A和3B所示的第一和第二天线部分在迭合时形成RFID的天线的情况。
具体实施方式
按照本发明的第一实施例，包括芯片12的第一天线部分10设置在一个诸如护照之类的身份本的封面14的底封面板的反面，如图1A所示。顶封面板16的反面没有天线。应当指出的是，第一天线部分10可以是一个粘到页上的金属条，但优选的是用丝网沉积含有诸如银的金属微粒的油墨使天线更为安全。
图1B中所示的第二天线部分18固定(优选的是通过上述的丝网印刷)在身份本的这刀页纸的底飞页20的反面(因此，图中用虚线表示)，当在身份本的这刀页纸的顶飞页22没有天线时。
假设身份本为本发明所优先涉及的护照，制造方法包括用一根固定线将它的这刀内页相互连接在一起。然后，将飞页迭在封面板上，顶飞页22与顶封面板16相迭，而底飞页20与底封面板14相迭。
如图2所示，第一天线部分10和第二天线部分18分别处在底封面板14和底飞页20上，使得在迭合时，第一天线部分10的端部24与第二天线部分18的端部28连接，而第一天线部分10的端部26与第二天线部分18的端部30连接。
第一天线部分10的端部与第二天线部分18的端部之间的连接可以简单地通过将天线的两个处在端部小部分交叠形成。这样的交叠足以保证接触。只要连接主要是容性的，即使是部分接触或没有接触也就足够了。应当指出的是，这电容值不大影响和决不会妨碍天线的调谐频率(通常为13.56MHz)。
也可以通过将一个天线部分例如第一部分的两端各放上一滴呈现为用导电环氧树脂形成的突起形式的胶来实现连接。
假设一个不正当的个人试图剥下飞页以便伪造护照，他就必然要将天线的这两个部分分开，从而防止了任何以后再使用该封面以及内页，除非他通过丝网印刷补上天线的丢失部分，但这并不容易。
按照图3A、3B和4所示的第二实施例，天线的一个部分设置在两个封面板上，因此与位于两个封面板的交会处的折痕交叠。因此，包括芯片42的第一天线部分40包括在底封面板44的正面上的一部分和在顶封面板46的反面上的一部分。
第二天线部分完全设置在这刀护照内页纸的顶飞页52的正面(因此在图3B中用虚线表示)，而在底飞页50的反面没有。应当指出的是，如在上个实施例中那样，天线可以是一个金属条，但优选的是天线用丝网沉积导电油墨形成。所用的导电油墨优选的是载有诸如银、金、铜和碳的导电元素的聚合物油墨。丝网印刷天线所用的材料也可以是诸如导电聚合物的柔性材料。也可以通过将诸如载有银或导电元素的环氧树脂之类的导电材料加到天线的在身份本的折痕处的部位，在天线与身份本的折痕交叠处形成一个挠性连接，以便使天线柔软，不会折断。
在飞页50和52迭到封面板44和46上时，第一天线部分40的端部54与第二天线部分48的端部58连接，而第一天线部分40的端部56与第二天线部分48的端部60连接。
如在以上的情况中那样，可以通过将天线的两个部分的端部交叠形成的简单接触或者导电环氧树脂形成连接。
第二实施例有一个在第一实施例中没有的基本特性。进一步说，在第一实施例中，无论护照是打开着还是合上的，天线总是平面的，因此总是起着一个天线的作用。在第二实施例中，在护照合上时天线是折起的，因此在这种情况下不工作。结果，只有在护照打开平放在一个阅读器前时才可以读护照，而在护照合上时不能读护照。因此，在它处在持有者的口袋或提包内时不通知它的持有者就无法读它，这表示有着一个不容置疑的安全特征。
然而，按照第一实施例，假设身份本是本发明所涉及的护照，有益的是在这刀包括护照内页的内页纸的最后这页上丝网印刷一个在护照合上时平对着包括两个天线部分10、18和芯片42的RFID的丝网。优选的是，这个丝网覆盖了这页的整个表面，但也可以是局限于一个包含两个天线部分10和18所限定的表面区域的矩形。这个丝网用导电油墨或导电聚合物丝网印刷，也可以由一个均匀的层或者栅格或方格图案组成，栅格或方格图案的行或方格的宽度约为几个毫米，优选的是等于一个毫米。因此，在护照合上时，即使天线保持平的，但由于丝网起着磁屏蔽的作用，也不会有磁通通过天线。由于这个天线不再起一个天线的作用，因此芯片接收不到功率，从而阅读器不能读合上的护照。
不用说，上面所说明的这两个实施例不是限制性的，天线的每个部分可以部分或完全设置在顶和/或底封面板上或在顶和/或底飞页上，唯一的条件是在两个飞页与两个封面板相迭在一起时天线的这两个部分必须相互连接。

Claims (8)

1.一种身份本，包括一个由一个顶封面板(16或46)和一个底封面板(14或44)组成的加固纸封面、一刀顶飞页(22或52)和底飞页(20或50)分别迭在所述顶封面板的反面和所述底封面板的正面的内页纸、和一个由一个芯片(12或42)和一个连接到这个芯片的接线端上的天线组成的射频标识器(RFID)，所述RFID的至少一部分插在所述顶封面板与所述顶飞页之间或插在所述底封面板与所述底飞页之间；
所述身份本的特征是所述天线包括一个设置在所述顶和/或底封面板的要与相应飞页相迭的表面上的第一天线部分(10或40)和一个设置在所述顶和/或底飞页的要与所述相应封面板相迭的表面上的第二天线部分(18或48)，所述第一和第二天线部分在所述飞页与所述封面板相迭时相连接构成所述天线。
2.按照权利要求1所述的身份本，其中所述第一天线部分(10或40)的端部(24，26或54，56)与所述第二天线部分(18或48)的端部(28，30或58，60)之间的连接由将所述天线部分在它们的端部处的两个小部分交叠而引起的简单接触形成。
3.按照权利要求1所述的身份本，其中所述第一天线部分(10或40)的端部(24，26或54，56)与所述第二天线部分(18或48)的端部(28，30或58，60)之间的连接通过在所述天线部分的端部放少量的导电胶形成。
4.按照任何权利要求1、2或3所述的身份本，其中所述第一天线部分(10)完全设置在所述底封面板(14)的正面而所述第二天线部分(18)完全设置在所述底飞页(20)的反面。
5.按照权利要求4所述的身份本，其中有一个丝网被丝网印刷在这刀构成身份本中心页的纸的最后一页上，所述丝网在身份本合上时平对着由两个天线部分(10、18)和芯片(42)制成的RFID。
6.按照权利要求1、2或3所述的身份本，其中所述第一天线部分(40)部分设置在所述底封面板(44)的正面和部分设置在所述顶封面板(46)的反面而所述第二天线部分(48)完全设置在所述顶飞页(52)的正面，使得通过在所述飞页迭到所述封面板上后将所述天线部分并置所组成的所述天线只有在所述身份本打开平放在一个阅读器前面时才可工作，在所述身份本合上从而使所述天线折起来时所述阅读器不能读所述身份本。
7.按照权利要求6所述的身份本，其中被添加诸如载有银的环氧树脂的导电材料的一个挠性连接被放置在身份本折痕处的天线上。
8.按照以上任何权利要求所述的身份本，其中所述第一天线部分(10或40)和第二天线部分(18或48)是通过用导电油墨丝网印刷形成的。
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