CN1874082A - Active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent - Google Patents
Active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent Download PDFInfo
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- CN1874082A CN1874082A CN 200510072343 CN200510072343A CN1874082A CN 1874082 A CN1874082 A CN 1874082A CN 200510072343 CN200510072343 CN 200510072343 CN 200510072343 A CN200510072343 A CN 200510072343A CN 1874082 A CN1874082 A CN 1874082A
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Abstract
Using mechanism of inner wastage in laser cavity implements self-adjustment of phase, and combining active control implements phase lock obtained even under outputting high power. Meanwhile, synthesized laser output in single beam is obtained directly. The disclosed equipment includes at least two resonant cavities to constitute Vernier-Michelson resonant cavity, or Mach-Zehnder resonant cavity, or Fox-Smith resonant cavity. Detector detects outputted light intensity split by beam splitter. Using feedback to control phase variation realizes coherent synthesis of laser. Advantages are: high efficiency, compact structure, single beam of laser output in large power, and stable system performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser coherence synthesizer, particularly relate to a kind of combining with Passive Control and realize the device that laser coherence is synthetic by ACTIVE CONTROL.
Background technology
High power and ultra high power high brightness laser are being brought into play important role in application such as industry, scientific research.Yet, for single laser, if will obtain to export ultra high power and high brightness simultaneously is very difficult, this is because be subjected to the restriction (for example thermal effect, nonlinear effect, damage threshold, laser medium self character etc.) of internal physical factor and structural factor, can export very high power as the blocks of solid laser, but beam quality variation when high-power output usually; And for example fiber laser can be realized high brightness laser output, but single mode power also is limited in the kW magnitude.
The relevant synthetic technology of multiple beam provides a valid approach for solving an above-mentioned difficult problem, and it can obtain high power output and high brightness simultaneously.Therefore recent years, relevant synthetic technology has caused international scientific circle extensive interest, is a focus direction of high power laser light technical research.Develop multiple technologies at present, mainly can reduce active control technology and Passive Control technology.Active control technology is to wait the phase place of controlling every laser by piezoelectric ceramic or electrooptic crystal, make the phase place unanimity of its every laser, thereby realization phase locking, synthetic more at last, as document 1: " Phase locking in a fiber laser array with varying pathlengths ", APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, Volume 85, Number 21,22 November 2004 disclosed methods.But this technological system is very complicated, greatest weakness is unstable, this is because of all multifactor phase places that all will have a strong impact on laser such as thermal effect, stress, for example, and every variation 1 degree of temperature, silica fiber for 10m, may cause the phase change of 100 wavelength, and pace of change is very fast, general piezoelectric ceramic controller may also not catch up with the phase change of laser, so caused phase control difficulty and system's instability.Because the active control technology system is very unstable, so the researcher proposed some Passive Control technology again, for example: (1) evanescent wave coupling technique, the single laser of this specification requirement must be enough little, and the intrafascicular heart in relevant far field, back is dark; (2) annular Talbot chamber technology, though this technology conceptive be simple and perfectly, the suitable difficulty of contraposition and pattern control in the experiment; (3) from imaging chamber technology, the laser of this technology export multi beam phase locking, but be difficult to synthetic single light beam output, and each laser needs symmetric arrays; Yet, realize that the synthetic output of single Shu Xianggan is very important, because it has reduced the energy loss of secondary lobe, increased joint efficiency, concentrated bigger central energy simultaneously.2002, it is synthetic that propositions such as D.Sabourdy adopt Micherson chamber technology to be concerned with, as document 2:[Appl.Phys.B, 75,503] disclosed technology.This technology has system's characteristic of simple, and maximum characteristics are to realize single bundle output, do not need extra synthesizer, and the efficient height.Yet this technology can only can realize relevant synthetic under certain power, if the rising pump power, phase place just can not realize phase locking through self-regulating process.
The laser coherence synthetic technology still is in the exploratory stage at present in the world, develop more effective relevant new synthesis technology and be still the very important problem of present realization power light source, will have very significant meaning the practicability and the further development thereof of power light source.Therefore, people press for a kind of high efficiency, powerful laser coherence synthesizer.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of high efficiency, compact conformation are provided, can realize high-power single Shu Jiguang output and the stable laser coherence synthesizer of systematic function.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent, as shown in Figure 1, comprise at least two pumping sources, at least two laserresonators, at least two laser mediums, at least one output coupling cavity mirror 5 wherein constitutes first laserresonator by first be all-trans chamber mirror 1,45 degree total reflective mirrors 3, beam separator 4 and the output coupling cavity mirror 5, constitutes second laserresonator by second be all-trans chamber mirror 1 ', beam separator 4 and the output coupling cavity mirror 5; First laser medium 2 is placed in the light path of first laserresonator, and second laser medium 2 ' is placed in the light path of second laserresonator; First laser medium, 2 pumpings in 13 pairs first laserresonators of first pumping source, second laser medium, the 2 ' pumping in 14 pairs second laserresonators of second pumping source; Comprise that also at least one detector 10 places a side of beam separator 4, described detector 10 is linked in sequence with feedback controller 11, driver 12.
In technique scheme, described driver 12 is connected with first pumping source 13 or second pumping source 14, controls the phase place of laser beam by the electric current of controlling first pumping source or second pumping source.
In technique scheme, described driver 12 drive pressure electroceramics remove to control first chamber the mirror 1 or second chamber mirror 1 ' that is all-trans that is all-trans by piezoelectric ceramic and control the phase change of laser.
In technique scheme, described driver 12 drive pressure electroceramics go to control the phase change that first laser medium 2 or second laser medium 1 ' are controlled laser by piezoelectric ceramic.
In technique scheme, also be included on described first laser medium 2 or second laser medium 2 ' and add magnetostrictive material, perhaps add acousto-optic phase-modulator or electro-optic phase modulator on the light path in first laserresonator or second laserresonator, drive magnetostrictive material by driver 12, perhaps acousto-optic phase-modulator or electro-optic phase modulator go to control the phase change of laser.
In technique scheme, add a beam expander or collimater before also being included in output coupling cavity mirror 5, be used for enlarging or collimated light beam, in order to avoid sustain damage at high-power output coupling cavity mirror 5 down.
In technique scheme, described first laser medium 2 and second laser medium 2 ' comprising: single cladded fiber, doubly clad optical fiber, single covering and double-clad photon crystal optical fibre, microstructured optical fibers, multi-core fiber, multicore photonic crystal fiber, conical fiber or pyramidal photonic crystal optical fiber.
In technique scheme, described first laser medium 2 and second laser medium 2 ' comprising: oxygen iodine, HF, DF, HCL, He-Ne, copper steam, golden steam, iodine atom, argon ion, krypton ion, helium-cadmium ion, CO
2Molecule, molecule, nitrogen molecular, quasi-molecule, YAG, YVO, GGG, YLF, YAP, titanium jewel, LiSAF, Er glass, ruby, GaInAsP/InP, GaInNAs/GaAs, GaInAs/GaAs, GaAlAs/GaAs, GaAlInP/GaAs, ZnSSe/ZnMgSSe, GaInAlN/GaAlN, GaAs/AlGaAs, InGaAs/GaAs semiconductor laser medium.
In technique scheme, described first chamber the mirror 1 and second chamber mirror 1 ' that is all-trans that is all-trans comprising: level crossing, non-planar mirror, fiber grating, Bragg speculum or directly be coated with the end face of the laser medium of reflectance coating.
In technique scheme, described beam separator 4 comprises: fiber coupler or deielectric-coating eyeglass.
In technique scheme, described output coupling cavity mirror 5 comprises level crossing, non-planar mirror or Bragg speculum.
In technique scheme, described first pumping source 13 and second pumping source 14 comprise: photoflash lamp, electric excitation source, semiconductor laser, solid state laser; The pump mode of described first pumping source 13 and second pumping source 14 is side pump or end pump.
In technique scheme, described first laserresonator and second laserresonator constitute Vernier-Michelson resonant cavity, Mach-Zehnder resonant cavity or Fox-Smith resonant cavity.
Compare with existing skill, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) can directly produce the synthetic output of single bundle laser coherence;
2) relevant joint efficiency height, and under high power, can realize phase locking too,
3) stability is high: utilize the self-regulating process of laser frequency and realize that in conjunction with the change that active control technology is deacclimatized laser phase laser coherence is synthetic, because it is a selection and a procedure of adaptation certainly that the frequency plot of relevant process changes, thereby improves the stability of a system;
4) can realize that more relevant synthesizing of multiple path laser exported bigger power.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is two photonic crystal fiber active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent structured flowcharts of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is two traditional fiber laser active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent structured flowcharts of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the coherence synthesizing device structured flowchart of two vertical cavity surface emitting lasers of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is four road active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent structured flowcharts of the present invention;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail:
Active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent provided by the invention, be to utilize laser cavity internal loss mechanism to realize the self-regulation of phase place and still obtain phase locking when being implemented in high power output in conjunction with ACTIVE CONTROL, simultaneously, can directly obtain single Shu Jiguang output after synthetic.Wherein utilize cavity loss mechanism to realize that self-regulation is the technology of Passive Control phase place, its principle is: utilize Vernier-Michelson resonant cavity or Mach-Zehnder resonant cavity or Fox-Smith resonant cavity, in resonant cavity, have only that those frequencies are identical, phasic difference is zero, two bundles of polarization unanimity or the loss of multiple laser in the chamber are only minimum, that is to say that the laser longitudinal module with complete coherent condition will preferentially vibrate in the chamber, thereby by the exportable relevant synthetic laser of output coupler.Yet this situation can only just may realize relevant completely synthetic under low pump power condition, and along with the rise of pump power, the less but non-vanishing laser longitudinal module of those phase differences also will vibrate in the chamber; Pump power continues to increase again, then the laser longitudinal module of any phase difference of possibility all will vibrate in the chamber, therefore, only utilize the Passive Control technology can only realize laser in the chamber when low-power phase locking and relevant synthesizing, when high power, just can not realize phase locking; When high power, adopt the ACTIVE CONTROL phase techniques, just can realize the synthetic output of high-power coherent, thereby overcome the deficiency of simple Passive Control technology.Certainly, only active control technology also is not enough, this be because environmental factors to the influence of laser phase too greatly, too fast, ACTIVE CONTROL is the phase place unanimity that is difficult to realize all laser beams.When main Passive Control both techniques in conjunction with the time, if the initial stage pumping light power is P0, two bundles or multiple laser are relevant fully, when pumping light power increases to P1, the phase difference of two bundles or multiple laser is slightly larger than zero and also will vibrates in the chamber, relevant no longer fully, but at this time the laser frequency of bigger phasic difference is to vibrate in the chamber, because their loss is still too big comparatively speaking, can not obtain enough gains, therefore in the chamber, though phasic difference is non-vanishing, but can not differ too big, this moment, ACTIVE CONTROL can be returned its phasing; After adopting ACTIVE CONTROL, two bundles or multiple laser this moment again can be relevant fully, and when power continues to increase, these relevant fully longitudinal modes will obtain enough gains and preferential vibration, and will be last, even power is big again, also can realize relevant synthetic fully.
With reference to figure 1, make the active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent that an output wavelength is 1064nm;
Among the figure, first the be all-trans chamber mirror 1 ' of chamber mirror 1 and second that is all-trans adopts fully-reflected plane mirror; 45 degree total reflective mirrors 3 are a common fused silica glass; Beam separator 4 is 50/50 a traditional level crossing; First laser medium 2 and second laser medium 2 ' are Gd-Ga garnet GGG; Output coupling cavity mirror 5 is a common quartzy chamber mirror, and its transmitance is 50%; Wherein, first be all-trans chamber mirror 1 ', 45 degree total reflective mirrors 3, beam separator 4 and the output coupling cavity mirror 5 of chamber mirror 1 and second that be all-trans constitutes the Michelson resonant cavitys; First pumping source 13 and second pumping source 14 are the semiconductor laser that wavelength is 808nm, adopt the end pump mode.When the low-power pumping, two bundle laser are relevant synthetic on the right side of beam separator 4 in the resonant cavity, according to cavity loss mechanism, downside at beam separator 4 will not have light to leak out, but when pump power rises, at this moment phase place can not be automatically locked at 0 phase difference, have laser and leak out below beam separator 4, place a detector 10 in this position, this detector is conventional optical-electrical converter; Detector 10 is delivered to the signal that detects in the feedback controller 11, the control signal of output is converted to the electric current that drive signal is controlled pumping source in second pumping source 14 through driver 12, electric current by pumping source changes the phase place of removing to change endovenous laser, make the phase place of two bundle laser be locked in 0 phase difference once more, the last synthetic beam of laser output that will be concerned with on the right side of beam separator 4.Wherein, feedback controller 11 is made up of custom circuit.
With reference to figure 2, making an output wavelength is the photonic crystal fiber active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent of 1070nm.The apparatus structure that Fig. 2 represents is basic identical with Fig. 1, and different is:
With reference to figure 3, make an optical-fiber laser active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent.
The semiconductor laser that to adopt two wavelength be 975nm is as first pumping source 13 and second pumping source 14; First chamber the mirror 1 and second chamber mirror 1 ' that is all-trans that is all-trans is the routine level crossing that is all-trans; First laser medium 2 and second laser medium 2 ' all adopt the ytterbium-doped double-cladded-layer traditional fiber; Fiber coupler 9 has served as beam separator, and these fiber coupler 9 splitting ratios are for being 50/50, and its end that outputs to detector 10 is polished into wedge shape, to prevent and the other end of optical fiber constitutes resonant cavity; Magnetostrictive material 8 are fixed on the traditional fiber of second laser medium 2 '.Below by being installed, an optical-electrical converter is used for surveying the laser that beam splitting is come out at fiber coupler 9 as detector 10, then the signal that detects is delivered in the feedback controller 11, the control signal of feedback controller 11 outputs is converted to drive signal through magnetic field drivers 12 and removes to drive magnetostrictive material 8, the flexible phase place of removing to change this resonant cavity inner laser by magnetostrictive material 8, make the phase stabilization of two bundle laser be locked in 0 phase difference, the last synthetic beam of laser output that will be concerned with on the right of fiber coupler 9, thus realize the relevant synthetic output of two traditional fiber lasers.
With reference to Fig. 4, make the coherence synthesizing device of two vertical cavity surface emitting lasers.
Electro-optic phase modulator 20 in the present embodiment can also replace with the acousto-optic phase-modulator.
With reference to figure 5, make one four road active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent.
Present embodiment structure shown in Fig. 5 comprises two cover Photoelectric Detection and control sections, and this Photoelectric Detection is identical with embodiment 1 with control section, and other difference is as follows:
In the present embodiment first chamber mirror 1, second chamber mirror the 1 ', the 3rd chamber mirror 1 that is all-trans that is all-trans that is all-trans " and the 4th chamber mirror 1 that is all-trans can also adopt the Bragg speculum.
Claims (10)
1. an active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent comprises: two pumping sources, two laserresonators, two laser mediums, at least one output coupling cavity mirror (5) at least at least at least; It is characterized in that:
First be all-trans chamber mirror (1), 45 degree total reflective mirrors (3), beam separators (4) and described output coupling cavity mirror (5) formation first laserresonator; Second be all-trans chamber mirror (1 '), beam separator (4) and the described output coupling cavity mirror (5) constitutes second laserresonator; First laser medium (2) is placed in the light path of first laserresonator, and second laser medium (2 ') is placed in the light path of second laserresonator; First pumping source (13) is to first laser medium (2) pumping in first laserresonator, and second pumping source (14) is to second laser medium (the 2 ') pumping in second laserresonator; At least one detector (10) places a side of beam separator (4), and described detector (10) is linked in sequence with feedback controller (11), driver (12).
2. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described driver (12) is connected with first pumping source (13) or second pumping source (14), controls the phase place of laser beam by the electric current of control pumping source.
3. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driver (12) drive pressure electroceramics is controlled the phase change of laser by piezoelectric ceramic control first chamber mirror (1) or the second chamber mirror (1 ') that is all-trans that is all-trans.
4. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driver (12) drive pressure electroceramics is controlled the phase change that first laser medium (2) or second laser medium (1 ') are controlled laser by piezoelectric ceramic.
5. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also be included on described first laser medium (2) or second laser medium (2 ') and add magnetostrictive material, perhaps add acousto-optic phase-modulator or electro-optic phase modulator on the light path in described first laserresonator or second laserresonator, drive magnetostrictive material by driver (12), perhaps acousto-optic phase-modulator or electro-optic phase modulator go to control the phase change of laser.
6. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is included in a preceding beam expander or the collimater of adding of output coupling cavity mirror (5), is used for enlarging or collimated light beam.
7. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first laser medium (2) and described second laser medium (2 ') comprising: single cladded fiber, doubly clad optical fiber, single covering and double-clad photon crystal optical fibre, microstructured optical fibers, multi-core fiber, multicore photonic crystal fiber, conical fiber or pyramidal photonic crystal optical fiber.
8. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first laser medium (2) and described second laser medium (2 ') comprising: oxygen iodine, HF, DF, HCL, He-Ne, copper steam, golden steam, iodine atom, argon ion, krypton ion, helium-cadmium ion, CO
2Molecule, CO molecule, nitrogen molecular, quasi-molecule, YAG, YVO, GGG, YLF, YAP, titanium jewel, LiSAF, Er glass, ruby, GaInAsP/InP, GaInNAs/GaAs, GaInAs/GaAs, GaAlAs/GaAs, GaAlInP/GaAs, ZnSSe/ZnMgSSe, GaInAlN/GaAlN, GaAs/AlGaAs or InGaAs/GaAs.
9. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first chamber mirror (1) and the second chamber mirror (1 ') that is all-trans that is all-trans comprising: level crossing, non-planar mirror, fiber grating, Bragg speculum, directly be coated with the end face of the laser medium of reflectance coating; Described output coupling cavity mirror (5) comprising: level crossing, non-planar mirror, Bragg speculum; Described beam separator (4) is to comprise fiber coupler or deielectric-coating eyeglass.
10. active or passive controlling synthesizer of laser coherent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first pumping source (13) and second pumping source (14) comprising: photoflash lamp, electric excitation source, semiconductor laser, solid state laser; The pump mode of described first pumping source (13) and second pumping source (14) is side pump or end pump.
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| CN101800395A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-08-11 | 浙江大学 | Digitalized laser phase-locking device and phase-locking method |
| CN102707438A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Pore diameter filling device and method |
| CN101752773B (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2012-10-24 | 北京中视中科光电技术有限公司 | Laser head |
| CN104428963A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2015-03-18 | 株式会社爱德万测试 | Method of controlling in stable fashion pulse light source and phase difference of pulse laser light |
| CN104535008A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Low-coherence optical fiber distortion sensor network demodulating system based on Smith resonance interference type optical path matching scanner |
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| CN112467505A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-09 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Three-path coherent synthesis laser |
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| DE3801110A1 (en) * | 1988-01-16 | 1989-08-03 | Althis Ag | Method and device for producing coherent electrical magnetic radiation from two spectrally closely adjacent, linear-polarised wavelengths, whose polarisation directions are oriented orthogonally with respect to one another |
| SE460807B (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-11-20 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | DEVICE FOR SENDING A COHERENT FREQUENCY MODULATED OPTICAL SIGNAL |
| CN1365168A (en) * | 2001-04-17 | 2002-08-21 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Light regulating method for multicolor laser and laser |
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| CN101800395B (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-11-02 | 浙江大学 | Digitalized laser phase-locking device and phase-locking method |
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