CN1857828A - Continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminium and aluminium alloy - Google Patents
Continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminium and aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1857828A CN1857828A CN 200610040381 CN200610040381A CN1857828A CN 1857828 A CN1857828 A CN 1857828A CN 200610040381 CN200610040381 CN 200610040381 CN 200610040381 A CN200610040381 A CN 200610040381A CN 1857828 A CN1857828 A CN 1857828A
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Abstract
The continuously lubricated crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum and aluminum alloy includes a heating top, a transition ring, a clamping ring, a graphite sleeve, a crystallizer body and a cooling part. The graphite sleeve is provided with annular air notches and annular lubricating oil notches connected separately to air channel and lubricating oil channel in the crystallizer body. Compressed air enters to the air notches through the air channel, and the lubricating oil enters to the lubricating oil notches through the lubricating oil channel. The cooling part is provided with two rows of water spraying holes. The crystallizer body of the present invention has integral design of oil, air and water structure and improved cooling effect to raise the inside structure and surface quality of ingot, the casting speed and the production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous lubricating crystallizer, be applied to aluminium and aluminum alloy circular ingot half-continuous casting technical field.
Background technology
Aluminium and aluminum alloy circular ingot half-continuous casting technology have multiple: traditional direct-cooled casting, hot direct casting are made, the sliding casting of electromagnetic casting, gas etc.Direct-cooled casting and ordinary hot direct casting are made because the limitation on the technology is difficult to obtain high-quality ingot casting interior tissue and outer surface, influence follow-up extruded product quality and yield rate; Electromagnetic casting can be produced inside and outside superior in quality product, but because the technical equipment complexity, investment is big, and Operation and Maintenance requires high, and is not easy to realize multimode production, so suitability for industrialized production is not popularized as yet; Sliding casting of gas and Gas Curtain Casting are external state-of-the-art aluminium and the aluminum alloy round ingot forging types that is adopted, and its structure of mould belongs to secrecy technology, and the equipment price height, and domestic still do not have this type crystallizer.
For interior tissue and the surface quality of improving the D.C.casting ingot casting, must manage to reduce heat conduction and friction between ingot casting and the crystallizer, alleviate the once cooling of ingot casting with this, reduce melt liquid point depth in the crystallizer, improve the solidification front crystallization condition, avoid defectives such as surface segregation, cold shut, thereby obtain uniform equiaxed grain structure, take lubricant method to improve ingot surface quality simultaneously.At present domestic graphite annulus and the coating lubricating oil of generally adopting is to reduce the friction between ingot casting and the crystallizer, can't carry out continuous lubrication, simultaneously still there are not effective measures for reducing once to cool off, therefore aluminium and aluminum alloy round ingot D.C.casting process can not form continuously oil gas film uniformly between crystallizer inwall and ingot casting, and ingot casting interior tissue and surface quality are poor.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the aluminium and the aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of a kind of oil, gas, water-bound integrated design are provided, air and lubricating oil pressurization are seen through graphite cannula, form one deck oil gas film at the graphite cannula inwall, reduce conduction of ingot casting and crystallizer wall heat and friction, also adopt double hole for water spraying to improve the secondary intensity of cooling simultaneously, thereby improve ingot surface quality and interior tissue, and casting speed.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, comprise hot top, transition rings, pressure ring, graphite cannula and crystallizer body, it is characterized in that: described heat top is sealed and matched with transition rings, pressure ring and crystallizer threaded engagement, graphite cannula and crystallizer inwall interference fit are offered two groups of cooling water holes; The described graphite cannula outside has annular air groove and lubricating oil groove 1 and lubricating oil groove 2, and the graphite cannula outer wall between oil-way 1 and oil-way 2 is provided with 3 to 5 breach, and the degree of depth is to bottom portion of groove, and about 5 millimeters of width communicates two oil grooves; Air groove and lubricating oil groove communicate with corresponding compressed air channel and grease channel on the crystallizer body respectively, and compressed air enters air groove by air duct, and lubricating oil enters lubricating oil groove 1 and lubricating oil groove 2 by grease channel; Described cooling water hole is provided with hole for water spraying 1 and hole for water spraying 2 each group.
Purpose of the present invention can also further realize by following optimal technical scheme:
Aforesaid aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, wherein, the asbestos cord sealing is adopted with transition rings in described heat top.Pressure ring and crystallizer compress transition rings by screw thread, make transition rings compress asbestos cord, make the space between asbestos cord sealing crystallizer and the graphite cannula.
Aforesaid aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, wherein, described crystallizer body is provided with sealing ring with the joint portion on heat top, prevents that the cooling water in the cooling water cavity from leaking outside.
Aforesaid aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, wherein, described graphite cannula and crystallizer inwall adopt the hot-mounting process interference fit, realize sealing, can reach operating pressure and can not leak from artificial groove to guarantee air and lubricating oil.
Aforesaid aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, wherein, described graphite cannula outer wall upper edge and lower edge are coated with high temperature lacquer, to guarantee sealing.
Aforesaid aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, wherein, the horizontal plane angle of described water spray round 1 is 20 °～40 °; The horizontal plane angle of described water spray round 2 is 50 °～60 °.Ingot casting is in the decline process, by the cooling rapidly of double water hole water spray.The jet angle and the jet velocity of double hole for water spraying design can increase cooling water, avoid sputter, improve secondary water cooling efficient, reduce ingot casting surface segregation layer thickness, eliminate cold shut, draw trace, restrain the growth of the inner column crystal of ingot casting, refinement ingot casting crystal grain, thus obtain good ingot casting surface and interior tissue.
Aforesaid aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, wherein, described compressed air enters air grooves by air duct, sees through graphite cannula under the pressure of 0.5～1.5MPa.
Aforesaid aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, wherein, described lubricating oil enters lubricating oil groove 1 and lubricating oil groove 2 through grease channel, sees through graphite cannula under the pressure of 7～15MPa, and the pulsed oil supply is carried out continuous lubrication.Air and lubricating oil form layer of even oil gas film at the graphite cannula inwall after seeing through graphite cannula, can prevent that aluminium and aluminium alloy melt from directly contacting with graphite cannula, reduce once to cool off, reduce the friction of semi-continuous process ingot casting and crystallizer inwall simultaneously, improved the surface quality of ingot casting.
The vitals graphite cannula material of lubricating system of the present invention adopts the isostatic cool pressing preparation, and guarantees certain porosity, reaches ventilative, saturating oily purpose.Adopt technical solution of the present invention can play following technique effect:
(1) the present invention adopts lubricating oil, air, cooling water to supply with and crystallizer body integral design, can avoid traditional crystallizer to be made up of a plurality of assemblies and the characteristics of inconvenience assembling and sealing;
(2) graphite of the present invention's employing is with self-lubricating function, and the compressed oil air film has good lubricated and heat-blocking action, can alleviate a cooling effect, improves the interior tissue and the surface quality of ingot casting;
(3) the present invention adopts the cooling structure of double hole for water spraying design that ingot casting is cooled off, and can eliminate the splash of cooling water, improves cooling effectiveness, can improve casting speed and production efficiency simultaneously, and reduce the cooling water use amount.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure of mould schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is oil, gas, the water joint portion partial enlarged drawing in the middle of the crystallization of the present invention.
The implication of each Reference numeral sees the following form among the figure:
| Reference numeral | Implication | Reference numeral | Implication | | Implication | |
| 1 | The | 2 | | 3 | | |
| 4 | | 5 | | 6 | The | |
| 7 | The | 8 | Air duct | 9 | Asbestos cord | |
| 10 | Air groove | 11 | Grease channel | 12 | Lubricating | |
| 13 | Lubricating | 14 | Graphite cannula | 15 | | |
| 16 | |
The specific embodiment
The present invention adopts compressed air, lubricating oil, cooling water to supply with and the global design of aluminium matter crystallizer, by compressed air and lubricating oil pressurization are seen through graphite cannula, form one deck oil gas film at the graphite cannula inwall, reduce the conduction of ingot casting and crystallizer wall heat, alleviate and once cool off and rub, and adopt double hole for water spraying to improve secondary water cooling effect, thereby improve ingot casting interior tissue and surface quality.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with Figure of description:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, aluminium of the present invention and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting include hot top, transition rings, pressure ring, graphite cannula, crystallizer body and cooling segment, seal with asbestos cord between heat top and the transition rings, pressure ring and crystallizer adopt threaded engagement, compress transition rings, make transition rings compress asbestos cord, the space between asbestos cord sealing crystallizer and the graphite cannula.The crystallizer body is provided with sealing ring with hot joint portion of pushing up and prevents that the cooling water in the cooling water cavity from leaking outside.Graphite cannula and crystallizer inwall adopt the hot-mounting process interference fit, realize sealing, prevent that air and lubricating oil from leaking outside from artificial groove.High temperature lacquer is smeared in graphite cannula outer wall upper edge and lower edge, guarantees sealing.The graphite cannula outside has annular air groove and lubricating oil groove 1 and lubricating oil groove 2.
Graphite cannula outer wall between oil-way 1 and oil-way 2 is offered 3 to 5 breach, and the degree of depth is to bottom portion of groove, and about 5 millimeters of width is that two oil grooves communicate with this.Air grooves and lubricating oil groove communicate with corresponding compressed air channel and grease channel on the crystallizer body respectively.Compressed air enters air grooves by air duct, sees through graphite cannula under the pressure of 0.5～1.5MPa, and lubricating oil enters lubricating oil groove 1 and lubricating oil groove 2 and sees through graphite cannula by grease channel under the effect of 7～15Mpa pressure.Compressed air and lubricating oil form layer of even oil gas film at the graphite cannula inwall after seeing through graphite cannula, the oil gas film plays good lubrication, can prevent that again aluminium and aluminium alloy melt from directly contacting with graphite cannula, therefore can play heat-blocking action, alleviate once cooling.The lubrication that the compressed oil air film is good, and graphite self-lubricating effect can reduce the friction of semi-continuous process ingot casting and crystallizer inwall, can improve the surface quality of ingot casting.Cooling segment is provided with two row's hole for water sprayings, promptly spray water round 1 and water spray round 2, and water spray round 1 is 20 °～40 ° with horizontal plane angle, water spray round 2 and horizontal plane angle are at 50 °～60 °.
Ingot casting is in the decline process, and the water spray by double hole for water spraying cools off rapidly, can reduce the ingot casting surface segregation layer, eliminates cold shut, draws trace, refinement ingot casting crystal grain.The jet angle and the jet velocity of double hole for water spraying design can increase cooling water improve secondary water cooling efficient, restrain the growth of the inner column crystal of ingot casting, so refinement ingot casting crystal grain, obtain good ingot casting and interior tissue and surface quality thus.Adopt double cooling water hole structure that ingot casting is cooled off, can eliminate the splash of cooling water, improve cooling effectiveness and casting speed, reduce the cooling water use amount.
Need to prove that except that above-mentioned embodiment, the present invention still has other numerous embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop within the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (9)
1. aluminium and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, comprise hot top, transition rings, pressure ring, graphite cannula and crystallizer body, it is characterized in that: described heat top is sealed and matched with transition rings, pressure ring and crystallizer threaded engagement, graphite cannula and crystallizer inwall interference fit are offered two groups of cooling water holes; The described graphite cannula outside has annular air groove and lubricating oil groove 1 and lubricating oil groove 2, and the graphite cannula outer wall between oil-way 1 and oil-way 2 is provided with 3 to 5 breach, and the degree of depth is to bottom portion of groove, and about 5 millimeters of width communicates two oil grooves; Air groove and lubricating oil groove communicate with corresponding compressed air channel and grease channel on the crystallizer body respectively, and compressed air enters air groove by air duct, and lubricating oil enters lubricating oil groove 1 and lubricating oil groove 2 by grease channel; Described cooling water hole is provided with hole for water spraying 1 and hole for water spraying 2 each group.
2, a kind of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting is characterized in that: the asbestos cord sealing is adopted with transition rings in described heat top.
3, a kind of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting is characterized in that: described crystallizer body is provided with sealing ring with the joint portion on heat top.
4, a kind of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting is characterized in that: described graphite cannula and crystallizer inwall adopt the hot-mounting process interference fit.
5, a kind of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting is characterized in that: described graphite cannula outer wall upper edge and lower edge are coated with high temperature lacquer.
6, a kind of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting is characterized in that: the horizontal plane angle of described water spray round 1 is 20 °～40 °.
7, a kind of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting is characterized in that: the horizontal plane angle of described water spray round 2 is 50 °～60 °.
8, a kind of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, it is characterized in that: described compressed air enters air grooves by air duct, sees through graphite cannula under the pressure of 0.5～1.5MPa.
9, a kind of aluminium according to claim 1 and aluminium alloy continuously lubricating crystallizer for semi-continuous casting, it is characterized in that: described lubricating oil enters lubricating oil groove 1 and lubricating oil groove 2 through grease channel, under the pressure of 7～15MPa, see through graphite cannula, pulsed oil supply and continuous lubrication.
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| CN101332493B (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-06-02 | 东北大学 | Gas film quick continuous casting device and method in magnetostatic field |
| CN101745610B (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2012-05-30 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Method for casting high-strength aluminum alloy round ingot by continuous oil gas lubrication |
| CN102794416A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-11-28 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Aluminum alloy hollow ingot semi-continuous casting crystallizer and application thereof |
| CN103008580A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Crystallizer |
| CN103409641A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-27 | 辽宁科技大学 | Plugging method for bottom water tank and crystallizer during stripping electroslag re-melting |
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| CN107377912A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-11-24 | 佛山市科立天源冶金技术有限公司 | A kind of oil-air lubrication casting system |
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| CN114393184A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Oil gas sliding crystallizer beneficial to improvement of surface quality of aluminum alloy round ingot |
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| CN111069552A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-04-28 | 郑州市豫中铝镁装备有限公司 | Oil gas sliding casting crystallizer |
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