CN1855198A - 有机电场发光显示装置 - Google Patents

有机电场发光显示装置 Download PDF

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CN1855198A
CN1855198A CNA2005101248607A CN200510124860A CN1855198A CN 1855198 A CN1855198 A CN 1855198A CN A2005101248607 A CNA2005101248607 A CN A2005101248607A CN 200510124860 A CN200510124860 A CN 200510124860A CN 1855198 A CN1855198 A CN 1855198A
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switching transistor
display device
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terminal
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安星俊
卞昌洙
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Hydis Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种防止各像素具有的晶体管的特性劣化引起的图像质量下降的有机电场发光显示装置。本发明的各像素包括：第一开关晶体管；第二开关晶体管；电容器；第三开关晶体管；驱动晶体管；第四开关晶体管；以及有机发光部件。

Description

有机电场发光显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及有机电场发光显示装置，更详细地说，涉及防止各像素具有的晶体管的特性劣化引起的图像质量下降的有机电场发光显示装置。
背景技术
当前，作为代替CRT的显示元件，不断在开发液晶显示装置，其使用率不断增加。由于液晶显示装置不是自发光的显示装置，因此需要另外的光源，由此，消耗功率高、轻薄化有极限。此外，液晶显示装置通过液晶的反应而得到图像信号，因此液晶的响应时间造成高速运动图像的显示有极限，可视角也有极限。作为代替这样的液晶显示装置的显示元件，正在开发有机电场发光(organic electroluminescence)显示装置。这样的有机电场发光显示装置利用在对特定的有机物或高分子物施加了电场时放出光的现象。
以下，参照图1说明有机电场发光显示装置。
图1是概略地表示有机电场发光显示装置的方框图。
有机电场发光显示装置包括：面板11、与面板11连接的栅极驱动器12、数据驱动器13以及控制它们的定时控制部14。所述面板11包含平行地配置的多个栅极线(G1、G2、...、Gm-1、Gm)以及与该栅极线(G1、G2、...、Gm-1、Gm)交叉地排列的多个数据线(D1、D2、...、Dn-1、Dn)。这样，在由以矩阵形态排列的栅极线(G1、G2、...、Gm-1、Gm)和数据线(D1、D2、...、Dn-1、Dn)包围的区域中形成单位像素。
图2是表示现有的有机电场发光显示装置的各像素的电路图。
现有的有机电场发光显示装置的各像素包括：开关晶体管(T1)、电容器(C)、驱动晶体管(T2)以及有机发光二极管(OLED1)。
开关晶体管(T1)的漏极端子与数据线(D)连接，栅极端子与栅极线(G)连接。所述开关晶体管(T1)通过传送到栅极线(G)的栅极信号而导通以及截止。在开关晶体管(T1)导通的情况下，该开关晶体管(T1)将从数据线(D)传送的数据信号传送到电容器(C)和驱动晶体管(T2)。电容器(C)与供给外部电压的电力线(P)连接，将数据信号维持一帧。所述驱动晶体管(T2)的栅极端子与开关晶体管(T1)的源极端子和电容器(C)连接，漏极端子与电力线(P)连接。所述驱动晶体管(T2)通过从开关晶体管(T1)施加的数据信号和对电容器(C)充电的数据信号、即通过开关晶体管(T1)和电容器(C)的共同连接端子的数据信号而被导通以及截止。在驱动晶体管(T2)通过这样的数据信号被导通的情况下，该驱动晶体管(T2)对电力线(P)中流过的电流的量进行调节后对有机发光二极管(OLED1)进行传送。其结果，有机发光二极管(OLED1)与传送的电流(i1)的量成正比地放射光。这里，所述有机发光二极管(OLED1)的阳极(anode)与驱动晶体管(T2)的源极端子连接，有机发光二极管(OLED1)的阴极(cathode)与接地端子(GND)连接。
在这样的现有的有机电场发光显示装置中，如像素通过栅极信号而开起(turn on)，则所述像素具有的驱动晶体管(T2)通过开关晶体管(T1)和电容器(C)的共同连接端子的数据信号，通常在一帧间导通，对有机发光二极管(OLED1)持续地施加电流(i1)。由此，驱动晶体管(T2)的特性劣化，驱动晶体管(T2)的阈值电压(Vth)变化。驱动晶体管(T2)的输出电流通过这样的阈值电压(Vth)的变化而变化，从而有机发光二极管(OLED1)放射的光的均匀性以及亮度下降，图像质量降低，有机发光二极管(OLED1)的寿命降低，从而可以使有机电场发光装置的寿命缩短。
发明内容
从而，本发明是为了解决如前所述的背景技术的有机电场发光显示装置内在的问题而提出的，其目的在于提供一种通过防止像素具有的驱动晶体管的特性劣化，可以延长有机电场发光显示装置的寿命，并提高图像质量的有机电场发光显示装置。
为了实现如前所述的目的，根据本发明，提供一种包含传输数据信号的多个数据线、与所述多个数据线交叉地排列并传输栅极信号的多个栅极线、由所述多个数据线和所述多个栅极线形成的多个像素的有机电场发光显示装置，其特征在于，所述各像素中包括：第一开关晶体管，漏极端子与所述数据线连接，栅极端子与所述栅极线连接；第二开关晶体管，源极端子与所述第一开关晶体管的源极端子连接，栅极端子接收以前像素的栅极信号；电容器，一端与所述第一开关晶体管以及第二开关晶体管的源极端子连接；第三开关晶体管，源极端子与所述第二开关晶体管的漏极端子连接，漏极端子接收外部电压，栅极端子接收控制信号；驱动晶体管，漏极端子与第三开关晶体管的源极端子连接，栅极端子与所述第一以及第二开关晶体管的共同源极端子连接；第四开关晶体管，漏极端子连接到所述驱动晶体管的源极端子和电容器的一端，源极端子与接地端子连接，栅极端子接收所述以前像素的栅极信号；以及有机发光部件，与所述驱动晶体管的源极端子连接，根据所述驱动晶体管的源极端子中流过的电流的量而发出光。
在所述结构中，所述控制信号是在施加所述以前像素的栅极信号以及当前像素的栅极信号的情况下电平变化的脉冲信号。
在所述结构中，所述控制信号在施加所述以前像素的栅极信号之前维持一定电平。
所述控制信号在施加所述以前像素的栅极信号期间维持低电平，在施加所述当前像素的栅极信号的情况下维持高电平。
在所述结构中，所述电容器在施加所述以前像素的栅极信号期间，充电相当于所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压的电荷，如施加当前像素的栅极信号，则再充电相当于所述数据信号的电荷。
根据本发明的如前所述的结构，通过防止驱动晶体管的长时间的压力(stress)引起的阈值电压的变化所造成的输出电流的减少，可以防止由此造成的画面的亮度的降低，并可以提高设备的寿命延长以及可靠性。
虽然与特定的实施方式关联地对本发明进行了图示以及说明，但本发明不限于此，在不超过通过发明权利要求范围确定的本发明的精神和领域的范围内，可以进行各种改造以及变形，这一点本领域具有普通常识的人员能够容易地理解。
附图说明
图1是概略地表示有机电场发光显示装置的方框图。
图2是表示现有的有机电场发光显示装置的各像素的电路图。
图3是表示本发明的有机电场发光显示装置的各像素的电路图。
图4是表示本发明的有机电场发光显示装置的动作波形图的附图。
图5A以及图5B是表示本发明的有机电场发光显示装置的各动作区域电压通路(path)的附图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图说明本发明的优选实施方式。
图3是表示本发明的有机电场发光显示装置的各像素的电路图。
本发明的有机电场发光显示装置的各像素包括开关晶体管(T3、T4、T5、T6)、电容器(C2)、驱动晶体管(T7)以及有机发光二极管(OLED2)。
第一开关晶体管(T3)的漏极端子与数据线(D)连接，栅极端子与栅极线(G)连接。所述第一晶体管(T3)通过传送到栅极线(G)的第一栅极信号(scan_n)而导通以及截止。
第一开关晶体管(T3)的源极端子与第二开关晶体管(T4)的源极端子连接，并且驱动晶体管(T7)的栅极端子以及电容器(C2)的一侧的电位连接。
电容器(C2)通过充电从第一开关晶体管(T3)传送的数据信号(Vdata)，从而在一帧区间之间维持数据信号(Vdata)。
第二开关晶体管(T4)的漏极端子与第三开关晶体管(T5)的源极端子连接，同时与驱动晶体管(T7)的漏极端子连接。此外，第二开关晶体管(T4)通过传送到栅极端子的作为以前像素的栅极信号的第二栅极信号(scan_n-1)导通以及截止。
第三开关晶体管(T5)通过漏极端子接收外部电压(VDD)，栅极端子接收控制信号(Vc)，从而导通以及截止。这里，控制信号(Vc)如果以高电平状态输入第二栅极信号(scan_n-1)，则变化为低电平。此外，这样，在输入该像素的第一栅极信号(scan_n)的情况下，低电平状态的控制信号(Vc)再恢复为高电平。
驱动晶体管(T7)的源极端子与电容器(C2)的一侧的电位连接，并且与第四开关晶体管(T6)的漏极端子以及有机发光二极管(OLED2)的阳极(anode)连接。此外，第四开关晶体管(T6)的源极端子与接地端子(GND)连接，栅极端子接收第二栅极信号(scan_n-1)，从而导通以及截止。而且，有机发光二极管(OLED2)的阴极(cathode)与接地端子(GND)连接。
具有如前所述的结构的本发明的有机电场发光显示装置区分为使用驱动晶体管(T7)的阈值电压(Vth)的区间、即施加第二栅极信号的区间以及有机发光二极管(OLED2)发光的区间而进行动作。
以下，参照图4说明具有如前所述的动作特性的本发明的有机电场发光显示装置的动作。图4是表示本发明的有机电场发光显示装置的动作波形图的附图。
首先，考察本发明的有机电场发光显示装置在使用驱动晶体管(T7)的阈值电压(Vth)的区间(a)的动作特性。
在高电平有效(enable)的以前像素的栅极信号(scan_n-1)使第二开关晶体管(T4)以及第四晶体管(T5)导通，形成如图5a所示的电压通路。从而，驱动晶体管(T7)为二极管连接，此时驱动晶体管(T7)的源极端子(节点B)的电压为接地(GND)电平，栅极端子(节点A)维持晶体管的阈值电压(Vth)电平。此外，第一栅极信号(scan_n)以及控制信号(Vc)为低电平的无效(disable)状态，所以接收到该信号的第一开关晶体管(T3)以及第三开关晶体管(T5)维持截止状态。由此，不对像素的内部施加外部电压(VDD)。
接着，考察本发明的有机电场发光显示装置的有机发光二极管(OLED2)发光的区间(b)的动作特性。
在有机发光二极管(OLED2)发光的区间，第二栅极信号(scan_n-1)在低电平无效，接收到该信号的第二以及第四开关晶体管(T4、T6)截止。此外，第一栅极信号(scan_n)在高电平输入，使被输入第三开关晶体管(T5)的控制信号(Vc)在高电平有效，形成如图5b所示的电压通路。从而，第一开关晶体管(T3)、第三晶体管(T5)以及驱动晶体管(T7)导通，有机发光二极管(OLED2)发散光。换言之，如输入第一栅极信号(scan_n)，则第一开关晶体管(T3)导通，通过数据线(D)施加的数据信号(Vdata)被传送到第一开关晶体管(T3)的源极端子(节点A)。结果，将驱动晶体管(T7)的阈值电压(Vth)和数据信号产生的电压(Vdata)相加的电压值被传送到第一开关晶体管(T3)的源极端子(节点A)，并且，该电压值被传送到驱动晶体管(T7)的栅极电压以及电容器(C2)。从而，外部电压(VDD)通过驱动晶体管(T7)传送到有机发光二极管(OLED2)，从而有机发光二极管(OLED2)放出光。这里，使电容器(C2)被充电的电荷、即相当于数据信号(Vdata)和阈值电压(Vth)相加的值的电荷放电，即使不对像素施加数据信号(Vdata)也可以将数据信号(Vdata)维持一帧期间。
此外，在有机发光二极管(OLED2)发光的区间中，驱动晶体管(T7)中流过的电流(Ids)由下述算式决定。
Ids = k ( Vgs - Vth ) 2 : k = 1 2 × u × Ci × W L
在所述算式中，u是驱动晶体管(T7)的移动度，Ci表示单位面积的栅极电容，W/L表示晶体管的大小。
从所述算式可知，驱动晶体管(T7)中流过的电流(Ids)如下所述。
Ids＝k(Vgs-Vth)2
Ids＝k{(Vdata+Vth)-(Vel-Vth)}2
Ids＝k(Vdata-Vel)2：Vel＝有机发光二极管(OLED2)的驱动电压
从所述算式可知，驱动晶体管(T7)中流过的电流(Ids)被决定而与阈值电压(Vth)的变化无关。换言之，电容器(C2)中存储的电荷、即数据信号(Vdata)和驱动晶体管(T7)的阈值电压(Vth)相加的电荷量施加到驱动晶体管(T7)的栅极端子，从而与由于驱动晶体管(T7)的特性劣化而产生的阈值电压(Vth)的变化无关，可以对有机发光二极管(OLED2)供给稳定的电流(Ids)。

Claims (5)

1.一种有机电场发光显示装置，包含传输数据信号的多个数据线、与所述多个数据线交叉地排列并传输栅极信号的多个栅极线、由所述多个数据线和所述多个栅极线形成的多个像素，其特征在于，
所述各像素中包括：
第一开关晶体管，漏极端子与所述数据线连接，栅极端子与所述栅极线连接；
第二开关晶体管，源极端子与所述第一开关晶体管的源极端子连接，栅极端子接收以前像素的栅极信号；
电容器，一端与所述第一开关晶体管以及第二开关晶体管的源极端子连接；
第三开关晶体管，源极端子与所述第二开关晶体管的漏极端子连接，漏极端子接收外部电压，栅极端子接收控制信号；
驱动晶体管，漏极端子与第三开关晶体管的源极端子连接，栅极端子与所述第一开关晶体管以及第二开关晶体管的共同源极端子连接；
第四开关晶体管，漏极端子连接到所述驱动晶体管的源极端子和电容器的一端，源极端子与接地端子连接，栅极端子接收所述以前像素的栅极信号；以及
有机发光部件，与所述驱动晶体管的源极端子连接，根据所述驱动晶体管的源极端子中流过的电流的量而发出光。
2.如权利要求1所述的有机电场发光显示装置，其特征在于，所述控制信号是在施加所述以前像素的栅极信号以及当前像素的栅极信号的情况下电平变化的脉冲信号。
3.如权利要求2所述的有机电场发光显示装置，其特征在于，所述控制信号在施加所述以前像素的栅极信号之前维持一定电平。
4.如权利要求2所述的有机电场发光显示装置，其特征在于，所述控制信号在施加所述以前像素的栅极信号期间维持低电平，在施加所述当前像素的栅极信号的情况下维持高电平。
5.如权利要求1所述的有机电场发光显示装置，其特征在于，所述电容器在施加所述以前像素的栅极信号期间，充电相当于所述驱动晶体管的阈值电压的电荷，如施加当前像素的栅极信号，则再充电相当于所述数据信号的电荷。
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CN110827763B (zh) * 2019-11-07 2021-07-06 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置
US11227547B2 (en) 2019-11-07 2022-01-18 Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., Ltd. Pixel circuit for compensating threshold voltage of driving transistor and driving method

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