CN1851655A - Method for realizing product automatic test by test environment composed of test set - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention resolves testing environment into grade assignment plurality of test suites with tree structure according to required testing environment and testing logic; then selecting final stage located anyone test suites, according to said first stage, second stage to the last stage and self in turn establishing corresponded testing environment; then executing established testing environment configured testing logic, recovering testing environment established according to current selected test suites; according to same mode to each test suites located branching end for executing corresponded testing logic, to each test suites, ensuring only executing once step of establishing testing environment and recovering established testing environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automatization testing technique, more particularly, relate to and a kind ofly realize the product automatic test method by the test environment of forming by test set.
Background technology
In the process that telecommunication apparatus or software are tested, typically use Key-Word Driven (key word driving) technology, it is based on the Robot tool platform of Rational company and realizes, is applied to usually in the automatic test of GUI (graphic user interface).
In the key word Driving technique, the tester can use the form of similar Excel worksheet, sets up test case in the mode of input key word (Key-Word).The whole process (comprising function) of this method is all driven by key word, and whole test process controlled in key word.
It shown in the table one an exemplary test case.
Table one
| COLUMN1 KeyWord1 | COLUMN2 Field/Screen Name | COLUMN3 Input/Verification Data | COLUMN4 Comment | COLUMN5 Pass/Fail |
| Start_Test： | Screen | Main Menu | Verify Starting Point | |
| Enter： | | 3 | Select Payment Option | |
| Action： | Press_Key | F4 | Access Payment Screen | |
| Verify： | Screen | Payment Posting | Verify Screen accessed | |
| Enter： | Payment Amount | 125.87 | Enter Payment Data | |
| Payment Method | Check | |||
| Action： | Press_Key | F9 | Process Payment | |
| verify： | Screen | Payment Screen | Verify Screen remains | |
| Verify_Data： | Payment Amount | $125.87 | Verify updated data | |
| Current Balance | $1,309.77 | |||
| Status Message | Payment Posted | |||
| Action： | Press_Key | F12 | Return to Main Menu | |
| Verify： | Screen | Main Menu | Verify return to Menu |
Wherein, first row are key words, are used to illustrate the action that will carry out; Second to the 4th row are necessary parameters of action of carrying out first row; The 5th row are used to represent whether this step is passed through.
As shown in Figure 1, the operating mechanism of key word Driving technique is as follows:
(1) tester sets up as shown in Table 1 test case file with Excel, but called after KeyWords Web.xls for example; Test case file is made up of key word (as Enter, Action, Verify etc.) and parameter thereof.
When (2) test case is moved, drive script (Drive TSL script) and can move initialization script (LogonTSL script), for initial work is made in whole test, and be written into control documents (Run.txt), to obtain the current test case that will move (* .xls, for example aforementioned KeyWords_Web.xls).
(3) drive script (Drive TSL script) after initial work is finished, start-up control script (Controller TSL script), originally be responsible for resolving the key word of whole test case file by control pin, for example Enter, Action, Verify etc., and call corresponding with it realization script (User Defined TSL script) according to these key words.
(4) Utility script (promptly realizing the TSL script) is actual carries out each test action, and uses other row as parameter, after executing the result is returned to the control script.When controlling script executing delegation to the end, whole test case just finishes to carry out.
(5) all the use-case files (* .xls) in control documents (Run.txt) have all moved and have finished, and then this test process finishes.
From the above, in the process that telecommunication apparatus or software are tested, existing key word Driving technique has following shortcoming:
(1) is mainly used in the GUI automatic test, and based on the Robot tool platform of Rational company and realize, (a) its cross-platform (refering in particular to operating system) transplantability is more weak, (b) it is also more weak to stride the tool platform transplantability, (c) and be not suitable for being applied to the automatic test of communication facilities series products.
(2) foundation of test environment and recovery realize that in test case (* .xls) this can cause the test environment redundancy; And one measures the test ring border changes, and just needs to revise a large amount of test cases (* .xls), thereby causes the maintenance cost of test case (* .xls) very high.
Summary of the invention
At the above-mentioned defective of prior art, the present invention will solve existing test environment implementation can cause problems such as test environment redundancy, maintenance cost are very high.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provides a kind of and realizes the product automatic test method by the test environment of forming by test set, comprising following steps:
(S1), described test environment is decomposed into a plurality of test sets that tree structure, classification are arranged according to required test environment and the test logic of test;
(S2) selected any test set that is positioned at afterbody, according to described tree structure determine successively its higher level's test set, top-ranking's test set ..., second level test set and first order test set, again according to described first order test set, second level test set ..., top-ranking's test set and higher level's test set set up corresponding test environment successively;
(S3) set up corresponding test environment according to current selected test set, carry out the test logic of having set up at current that test environment disposed again, recover the test environment of setting up according to current selected test set then;
(S4) set up corresponding test environment according to the next test set that has common higher level's test set with current selected test set and do not traveled through, carry out corresponding test logic again, recover the test environment set up according to it then, repeat this step, have all test sets of common higher level's test set until traversal and current selected test set;
(S5) take and described step (S2), (S3) and (S4) similar mode, travel through each test set that is positioned at branches end to carry out corresponding with it test logic, therebetween, at each test set, should guarantee to set up the step of test environment and recover all only to carry out once according to the step of the test environment of its foundation according to it.
In the method for the present invention,, when traveling through, set up corresponding test environment according to it earlier to it at each test set; When the needs traversal has other test sets at the same level of common higher level with it or traveled through other test sets at the same level that have common higher level with it, then recover test environment according to its foundation.
In the step (S1) of the method for the invention, test environment can be decomposed into following four kinds of basic test sets, specifically: the instrument test set is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of PC, testing tool, testing tool; The peripheral equipment test set is used to finish peripheral equipment 1 to periphery 6 environmental structure and environment recovery work is set; The server test collection is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of server; The equipment under test test set is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of equipment under test.Certainly, this is wherein a kind of dividing mode just, can also be by other dividing mode.
In the method for the present invention, each test environment can concentrate by described four kinds of basic tests one or more form.
In the method for the present invention, described test set can be realized by the TCL script; Comprise one or more test sets in the same test set file.
Owing to taked technique scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) test environment is divided into some test sets, makes that complicated test environment is simplified, building of test environment is more flexible, strengthens sharing of test environment, has saved the workload that test environment is built and recovered;
(2) test environment is separated from test case, reduced the redundancy of test environment, reduced the maintenance workload of the test case that the variation owing to test environment causes;
(3) test set of forming test environment is realized by pure TCL script, possesses cross-platform (refering in particular to operating system), strides the ability that tool platform is transplanted.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the operating mechanism synoptic diagram of key word Driving technique in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the automatic test system block diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the test environment classification synoptic diagram in the one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is that test environment and the test logic in the one embodiment of the invention moves the synoptic diagram of setting.
Embodiment
Realization of the present invention is based on every development of prior art, and for example, the characteristic of script (as TCL, PYTHON etc.) characteristic such as carries out, can embed, can expand as explaining, for automatization testing technique is laid a good foundation; Simultaneously, various products (as telecommunication apparatus or software) not only provide graphical interfaces, also provide command line interface or man-machine interface simultaneously, also lay a good foundation for the automatization testing technique of product.
For ease of the understanding of the present invention, below simple an introduction done in terms more used herein, specifically as shown in Table 2:
Table two
| English name | Chinese | Definition |
| TestLogic | Test logic | 1, the identical testing process of some test cases, the script describing of one group of test case that promptly testing process is identical, test data is different; 2, test logic can move under different test environments; |
| TestCluster | Test set | 1, the identical test environment configuration and the networking configuration of some test logics; 2, test set is test environment division logically; 3, test set is a minimum material of forming test environment; |
| TestCaseData | Test case data | 1, forms by the value of different test data items; 2, each of the value of test data item makes up, and has constituted the test case data of different test cases; |
| TestCase | Test case | Form each combination of value of the test data item of test case data, the test logic corresponding with test case data is called a test case together; |
| TestSuite | Test suite | By product performance or module or other (basic function, systemic-function) differentiation, the set of some test environments, test logic, test case data operation order, execution number of times; |
| AW | Action word | Test action (key word) |
| TCL | Tool Command Language | A kind of explanation execution script language |
Among the present invention, the position of test environment in the automatic test System Framework as shown in Figure 2.Can describe one by one the each several part among the figure below.
1, among runtime engine (test platform) the present invention, runtime engine is a functional block of test platform.That is to say that runtime engine can transplant,, just can possess the characteristic of automatic test of the present invention as long as other test platform has had this functional module of runtime engine.Wherein, test platform is used to finish the editor of test suite, the test suite that also can be used for selecting moving, and carries out test, then the script executing control is transferred to runtime engine.Runtime engine wherein can be used for reading in test suite; Before the test beginning, it sets up test environment according to the configuration in the test suite; In test process, it is according to the test logic and the test case data of the configuration operation appointment in the test suite; After end of test (EOT), it can recover test environment, and according to the test result of test case, generates this and test the test suite that unsanctioned test case is formed, convenient follow-up test once more to unsanctioned test case.
2, among test environment the present invention, test environment comprises equipment under test and peripheral equipment, testing tool/testing tool etc.; It is used for defining the required global data of test (variable), definition needs the function library that loads under the test environment, the condition of setting up of definition test environment (as the initialization of equipment under test and peripheral equipment, testing tool/testing tool etc.), the recovery condition of definition test environment is (as the release of equipment under test and peripheral equipment resource, and finish the foundation and the recovery of test environment the release of public resources such as testing tool/testing tool etc.).
3, among test logic the present invention, test logic is used to define testing process; In test process, it is used for used testing tool of synchronism detection and testing tool, and according to the test case data that runtime engine provides, finishes the test to equipment under test.
4, among test case data the present invention, test case data is used to define test logic need in which test environment operation, the definition test logic moves necessary peculiar test environment, definition test logic operation institute must loading specific function library, and be defined in the required test data of test logic in the test process; Also be used for runtime engine driving test logic and finish test.
5, the test suite among test suite the present invention is test script division logically; As basic function test suite (comprising test environment, test logic, test case data), characteristic test cover or the like; In test suite, only comprise following content: move which test script (test environment, test logic, test case data), and the operation information of these test scripts (test environment, test logic, test case data) (as operation order, execution number of times).
In the automatic test of electronics, communication products, test environment can divide two parts, and a part is building of hardware environment, as the outfit of veneer, and the connection of optical fiber, cable, this is manual to finish; Another part is the software data configuration, and as the setting of veneer data, professional configuration etc., this part can be realized by the means of robotization.The said test environment of this patent, the software data configuration of refering in particular to test environment.
One, the decomposition of test environment
As shown in Figure 3, according to the process of tester's manual configuration environmental data, test environment can be decomposed into four kinds of test sets:
(1) instrument test set (ToolTc) is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of PC, testing tool, testing tool;
(2) peripheral equipment test set (RsTc) is used to finish peripheral equipment 1 to periphery 6 environmental structure and environment recovery work is set;
(3) server test collection (ServerTc) is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of server;
(4) equipment under test test set (DutTc) is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of equipment under test.
Two, the composition of test environment
According to the test environment of aforementioned analysis and test case, test environment can be made up of various test sets neatly, thereby reaches fully sharing of test environment, for example:
(a) test environment 1:DutTc, test environment only is made up of equipment under test;
(b) test environment 2:ToolTc/DutTc, test environment is made up of external test tools/testing tool and equipment under test;
(c) test environment 3:ToolTc/RsTc/DutTc, test environment is made up of external test tools/testing tool, peripheral equipment, equipment under test;
(d) test environment 4:ToolTc/RsTc/ServerTc/DutTc, test environment is made up of external test tools/testing tool, peripheral equipment, equipment under test, third-party server.
Certainly, also can take other various array modes as required.
Three, the function of test set design
Among the present invention, test set possesses following function:
(a) set up test environment: before test, set up the required environment of test;
(b) recover test environment; After test, test environment is returned to foundation situation before, do not influence the purpose that follow-up test is carried out to reach;
(c) definition test environment variable; This is an optional function, in automatic test course, can define the global variable that test logic will be quoted, as the port address of testing tool, the single board information of tested equipment etc.;
(d) define the function library that test environment need load, so that in follow-up test process, the testing tool/instrument that relates in the control test process, equipment etc.
Four, the realization of test set
During concrete enforcement, a plurality of test sets can be realized in a test set file, also can realize in different test set files; A test set can comprise the configuration of a plurality of equipment.As follows is a kind of typical implementation of test set:
[test set 1]
The product function library=
The tool function storehouse=
Equipment 11 preconditions=
Equipment 11 postconditions=
Equipment 12 preconditions=
Equipment 12 postconditions=
……
Equipment 1n precondition=
Equipment 1n postcondition=
[test set 2]
The product function library=
The tool function storehouse=
Equipment 21 preconditions=
Equipment 21 postconditions=
Equipment 22 preconditions=
Equipment 22 postconditions=
……
Equipment 2n precondition=
Equipment 2n postcondition=
……
[test set m]
The product function library=
The tool function storehouse=
Equipment m1 precondition=
Equipment m1 postcondition=
Equipment m2 precondition=
Equipment m2 postcondition=
……
Equipment mn precondition=
Equipment mn postcondition=
" equipment " wherein can be tester or testing tool, also can be telecommunication apparatus, for example switch, broadband access equipment, router, server etc." precondition " wherein is meant that environment sets up script (set up test required environment), and " postcondition " is meant environment recovery script (test environment is returned to situation before setting up, do not influence the purpose that follow-up test is carried out to reach).
To be example, illustrate in the automatic test course below, be used to define the implementation of the test set of global variable with the TCL script.
First kind of definition format is as follows:
[DutVar]
slot1 ＝1/1/1
port1IpAddr ＝10.1.1.1
slot2 ＝2/2/2
port2IpAddr ＝$aDutVar(port1IpAddr)
command ＝show\$aDutVar(slot2)
Wherein equal sign "=" left side is a variable name, and equal sign "=" the right is a variable-value.
Second kind of definition format is as follows:
[ToolVar]
FIELDS，ToolName， ToolIpAddr
1， SmartBits， 192.168.1.1
2， Ax4000， 192.168.100.1
3， RouterTester，$aDutVar(port1IpAddr)
Wherein first row is a variable name; FIELDS is a key word; The way of reference of variable is: puts$aToolVar (1, ToolName)-$aToolVar (1, ToolIpAddr).
Five, the foundation of test environment and rejuvenation
Based on aforementioned theory, can be according to required test environment and the test logic of test, test environment is decomposed into a plurality of test sets that tree structure, classification are arranged.
During test, selected earlier any test set (it must be and be positioned at terminal test set) that is positioned at afterbody, according to tree structure determine successively its higher level's test set, top-ranking's test set ..., second level test set and first order test set, again according to determined its first order test set, second level test set ..., top-ranking's test set and higher level's test set set up corresponding test environment successively.
Then, set up corresponding test environment, carry out the test logic of having set up at current that test environment disposed again, recover the test environment of setting up according to current selected test set then according to current selected test set.
Then, set up corresponding test environment according to the next test set that has common higher level's test set with current selected test set and do not traveled through, carry out corresponding test logic again, recover the test environment set up according to it then, repeat this step, have all test sets of common higher level's test set until traversal and current selected test set;
Take and the similar mode of above-mentioned steps, travel through each test set that is positioned at branches end to carry out corresponding with it test logic, therebetween, at each test set, should guarantee to set up the step of test environment and recover all only to carry out once according to the step of the test environment of its foundation according to it.Specifically, at each test set, when traveling through, set up corresponding test environment according to it earlier to it; When the needs traversal has other test sets at the same level of common higher level with it or traveled through other test sets at the same level that have common higher level with it, then recover test environment according to its foundation.
The test environment and the test logic that are illustrated in figure 4 as in the one embodiment of the invention move the synoptic diagram of setting, and according to combined situation, wherein have four kinds of test environments, are respectively:
TestCluster1/TestCluster11/TestCluster111
TestCluster1/TestCluster11/TestCluster112
TestCluster1/TestCluster11/TestCluster113
TestCluster1/TestCluster12
During concrete enforcement, TestCluster1 wherein can be equipment under test test set DutTc; TestCluster11 can be wherein a kind of peripheral equipment test set RsTc, and TestCluster12 can be another kind of peripheral equipment test set RsTc; And TestCluster111, TestCluster112, TestCluster113 can be respectively three kinds of instrument test set ToolTc.Certainly, also can be other associative modes.
In the present embodiment, setting up in the process of test environment is as follows:
(1) test logic that selection will move in test platform, and start test;
(2) runtime engine is finished initial work according to operational factor;
(3) runtime engine is according to the test logic of this operation, and the test environment of setting up is as shown in Figure 4 set with the operation of test logic;
(4) runtime engine begins to carry out this test according to the operation tree of test environment shown in Figure 4 and test logic, wherein:
Carry out earlier function 1: set up the test environment that disposes among the test set TestCluster1, specifically be by the environment of carrying out TestCluster1 set up configuration order, script is realized, below similar;
Carry out function 2 then: set up the test environment that disposes among the test set TestCluster11;
Carry out function 3 then: set up the test environment that disposes among the test set TestCluster111;
Carry out the test logic under the test environment TestCluster1/TestCluster11/TestCluster111 then;
Carry out function C then: recovering the test environment that disposes among the test set TestCluster111, specifically is to realize by environment recovery configuration order, the script of carrying out TestCluster111, below similar;
Carry out function 4 then: set up the test environment that disposes among the test set TestCluster112;
Carry out the test logic under the test environment TestCluster1/TestCluster11/TestCluster112 then;
Carry out function D then: the test environment that disposes among the recovery test set TestCluster112;
Carry out function 5 then: set up the test environment that disposes among the test set TestCluster113;
Carry out the test logic under the test environment TestCluster1/TestCluster11/TestCluster113 then;
Carry out function E then: the test environment that disposes among the recovery test set TestCluster113;
Carry out function B then: the test environment that disposes among the recovery test set TestCluster11;
Carry out function 6 then: set up the test environment that disposes among the test set TestCluster12;
Carry out the test logic under the test environment TestCluster1/TestCluster12 then;
Carry out function F then: the test environment that disposes among the recovery test set TestCluster12;
Function A is carried out in last back: the test environment that disposes among the recovery test set TestCluster1.
During concrete enforcement, the realization of test set of forming test environment also can be passed through other script (as Python etc.) or compiler language (as C/C++, Pascal etc.) and realize except realizing with the TCL script.In addition, the realization of forming the test set of test environment also can be passed through database (as Oracle, Sql server etc.) and realizes.
Claims (5)
1, a kind ofly realize the product automatic test method, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps by the test environment of forming by test set:
(S1), described test environment is decomposed into a plurality of test sets that tree structure, classification are arranged according to required test environment and the test logic of test;
(S2) selected any test set that is positioned at afterbody, according to described tree structure determine successively its higher level's test set, top-ranking's test set ..., second level test set and first order test set, again according to described first order test set, second level test set ..., top-ranking's test set and higher level's test set set up corresponding test environment successively;
(S3) set up corresponding test environment according to current selected test set, carry out the test logic of having set up at current that test environment disposed again, recover the test environment of setting up according to current selected test set then;
(S4) set up corresponding test environment according to the next test set that has common higher level's test set with current selected test set and do not traveled through, carry out corresponding test logic again, recover the test environment set up according to it then, repeat this step, have all test sets of common higher level's test set until traversal and current selected test set;
(S5) take and described step (S2), (S3) and (S4) similar mode, travel through each test set that is positioned at branches end to carry out corresponding with it test logic, therebetween, at each test set, should guarantee to set up the step of test environment and recover all only to carry out once according to the step of the test environment of its foundation according to it.
2, according to claim 1ly realize the product automatic test method, it is characterized in that by the test environment of forming by test set, at each test set,
When traveling through, set up corresponding test environment according to it earlier to it;
When the needs traversal has other test sets at the same level of common higher level with it or traveled through other test sets at the same level that have common higher level with it, then recover test environment according to its foundation.
3, according to claim 1ly realize the product automatic test method, it is characterized in that, in described step (S1), test environment is decomposed into following four kinds of basic test sets by the test environment of forming by test set, specifically:
The instrument test set is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of PC, testing tool, testing tool;
The peripheral equipment test set is used to finish peripheral equipment 1 to periphery 6 environmental structure and environment recovery work is set;
The server test collection is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of server;
The equipment under test test set is used to finish the environmental structure and the environment recovery work of equipment under test.
4, according to claim 3ly realize the product automatic test method, it is characterized in that by the test environment of forming by test set, each test environment can concentrate by described four kinds of basic tests one or more form.
5, according to each describedly realizes the product automatic test method by the test environment of being made up of test set among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that described test set is realized by the TCL script; Comprise one or more test sets in the same test set file.
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