CN1845525A - 主从设备系统 - Google Patents

主从设备系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1845525A
CN1845525A CNA2005100341280A CN200510034128A CN1845525A CN 1845525 A CN1845525 A CN 1845525A CN A2005100341280 A CNA2005100341280 A CN A2005100341280A CN 200510034128 A CN200510034128 A CN 200510034128A CN 1845525 A CN1845525 A CN 1845525A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
slave unit
control signal
key control
submodule
equipment
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Granted
Application number
CNA2005100341280A
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English (en)
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CN100466591C (zh
Inventor
柳精伟
涂君
潘剑锋
雷春
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CNB2005100341280A priority Critical patent/CN100466591C/zh
Publication of CN1845525A publication Critical patent/CN1845525A/zh
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Publication of CN100466591C publication Critical patent/CN100466591C/zh
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Abstract

本发明涉及电子领域，公开了一种主从设备系统，使得能够有效避免当一个诸如PHY设备之类的从设备发生故障后引起的整个接口总线吊死问题，从而更加有效的保障系统的可靠性。本发明中，通过新增的异常检测逻辑子模块和与之相连的多路选择子模块所构成的逻辑控制模块，对来自从设备的关键控制信号进行检测。当根据该关键控制信号判定主设备选择的从设备发生故障时输出高电平，保证该从设备不会导致主设备的运行出现问题。

Description

主从设备系统
技术领域
本发明涉及电子领域，特别涉及在具有一个主设备和多个从设备的系统中的信号处理技术。
背景技术
随着通信技术和互联网技术的不断发展，语音、数据、视频等业务在各种各样的网络中传送，由于在各个网络中传输业务所使用的协议标准并不完全相同，为了能够提供一个统一的综合平台传送各种业务，国际电话电报咨询委员会(Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone，简称“CCITT”)提出了构建宽带综合业务数字网(Broadband Integrate ServiceDigital Network，简称“B-ISDN”)的建议，使各个终端业务都可以通过同一根公共数据线传输。由于异步传输模式(Asynchronous Transfer Mode，简称“ATM”)有效综合了分组交换方式统计占用频带小、使用灵活和电路交换方式传输时延小的优点，目前已经成为B-ISDN的标准传输模式。
ATM作为B-ISDN的核心，其采用固定长度的信元作为基本传输和交换单位。熟悉本领域的技术人员应该知道ATM信元是一个53字节的短分组，包括信头和净荷两个部分。其中，信头为5个字节，用于表示各种控制信息，包括表示信元在物理传输通道中统计复用的逻辑通路标记、信息域类型、优先级以及用于表示信头差错控制的字段等。净荷为48个字节，用于承载用户数据信息或者网络控制与管理信息。
ATM具有类似开放系统互连(Open System Interconnection，简称“OSI”)的参考模型，从低到高分别排列为：物理层(Physical Layer，简称“PHY”)、ATM层，ATM适配层(ATM Adaptation Layer，简称“AAL”)和高层。其中，PHY用于完成信息传输，定义所采用的传输物理介质(如光纤、同轴电缆、双绞线等)特性，同时也规定编码标准、比特定时等，以便能够完成传输帧的产生和恢复。ATM层是ATM传输模式的核心，用于完成信元的交换、路由和复用等功能，也可以对传输的服务质量(Quality of Service，简称“QoS”)和网络流量进行控制。AAL用于将各类业务的数据转换为可以由ATM层和PHY层传输的数据格式，保证ATM层与PHY层的传送数据与业务类型无关。ALL根据实时服务与非实时服务、恒比特率服务和变比特流服务、面向连接的服务和非连接的服务将业务分为8种不同的类型，在实际使用过程中仅定义了恒比特率服务、变比特率服务、面向连接的数据服务和无连接的数据服务4种类型。高层的功能则与具体的业务类型有关，由具体业务类型决定。
在实际使用过程中，ATM层中的ATM设备和PHY层中的PHY设备通常需要一定的接口电路才能正常连接，目前通常使用的接口为ATM论坛定义的ATM通用测试和操作物理接口(Universal Tests and Operations PHYInterface for ATM，简称“UTOPIA”)，另外还有一些其他的接口电路，如PMC-sierra公司定义的任意物理接口(any Physical Layer，简称“any-PHY”)电路，其配置方法与UTOPIA的配置方法很相似，为描述方便本文仅描述UTIOPIA接口。UTOPIA接口具体可以分为单PHY模式和多PHY(Multi-Physical Layer，简称“MPHY”)模式两种模式。在MPHY模式下一个ATM设备可以外挂多个PHY设备。
图1为MPHY模式的UTOPIA接口示意图，如图所示，主要由PHY设备11、12、13等和ATM设备14组成，PHY设备11、12、13和ATM设备14根据UTOPIA总线标准直接连接在总线上。
其中，PHY设备11、12、13主要用于传输数据。由于在ATM设备14和PHY设备11、12、13之间传送的数据是比特流，而ATM设备14中处理的数据单元则是信元，因此在ATM设备14向PHY设备11、12、13传送数据时，需要首先将ATM信元分解为比特流后再进行传送；在PHY设备11、12、13向ATM设备14传送数据时，则需要将比特流重新封装为信元供ATM设备14进行处理。熟悉本领域的技术人员可以知道，PHY设备11、12、13可以是个人计算机，银行存/取款机或者中继器等设备。
ATM设备14用于实现信元的交换、路由和复用，同时也可以实现一般流量控制、信元速率调整和网络拥塞控制等功能。熟悉本领域的技术人员可以知道，ATM设备14可以是ATM交换机，ATM路由器等。
由于在MPHY模式UTOPIA接口信号线的连接标准中，PHY设备11、12、13的关键控制信号在物理上是连接在一起的，也即各个PHY设备的关键控制信号是线性相与的。在使用过程中一般将有效关键控制信号定义为低电平，无效关键控制信号定义为高阻状态。当ATM设备14轮询各个PHY设备时，如果被轮询的PHY设备在相应的轮询周期内输出关键控制信号为低电平，此时ATM设备14就启动对该PHY设备的访问操作；如果被轮询的PHY设备在相应的轮询周期内输出关键控制信号为高阻状态，此时ATM设备14不进行任何操作。
在实际应用中，上述方案存在以下问题：现有技术无法避免一个PHY设备发生故障后引起的整个UTOPIA接口总线吊死问题，这将严重影响系统的可靠性。具体的说，当图1中MPHY模式UTOPIA接口电路的ATM设备14发送数据采用先入先出(First In First Out，简称“FIFO”)的单队列结构时，若一个PHY设备发生故障，假定为PHY设备11，则输入到ATM设备14的总线信号始终保持为低电平，从而导致ATM设备14无法正确发送信元引起整个UTOPIA接口的堵塞。
造成这种情况的主要原因在于，由于各个PHY设备的关键控制信号是线性相与的，ATM设备14不能对出故障的PHY设备进行检测和隔离。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种主从设备系统，使得能够有效避免当一个诸如PHY设备之类的从设备发生故障后引起的整个接口总线吊死问题，从而更加有效的保障系统的可靠性。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种主从设备系统，包含主设备和多个从设备，还包含多路选择器子模块，其中，
所述主设备用于通过向所述从设备和多路选择器子模块发送地址选择信号，告知所选择的从设备，并接收来自所述多路选择器子模块的所述选中从设备的关键控制信号；
所述从设备用于将关键控制信号发送给所述多路选择器子模块；
所述多路选择器子模块用于根据所述地址选择信号选择相应的从设备的关键控制信号，并发送给所述主设备。
其中，还包含连接在所述多路选择器子模块与所述从设备之间的异常检测逻辑子模块，其中
所述异常检测逻辑子模块用于通过定时检测来自所述从设备的关键控制信号判断该从设备是否发生故障，并且，当从设备发生故障时，输出故障指示信号，当从设备正常时，直接将来自该从设备的关键控制信号发送给所述多路选择器子模块。
此外，所述主设备是异步传输模式设备，所述从设备是物理层设备，所述主设备和从设备之间的接口是异步传输模式物理层通用测试和操作接口。
此外，所述故障指示信号是高电平。
此外，所述异常检测逻辑子模块是一个定时器，并且，当来自所述从设备的关键控制信号为低电平时启动定时器，当所述关键控制信号为高电平时停止定时器并清零，若该定时器超时则判定所述从设备发生故障。
此外，所述定时器是以周期性时钟信号触发的计数器，当来自所述从设备的关键控制信号为低电平时启动计数，当所述关键控制信号为高电平则停止计数并将计数值清零，当计数值超过预定门限时判定所述从设备发生故障。
此外，所述异常检测逻辑子模块还用于在判定所述从设备发生故障时，向所述主设备发送故障告警信号。
通过比较可以发现，本发明的技术方案与现有技术的主要区别在于，通过新增的异常检测逻辑子模块和与之相连的多路选择子模块，对来自从设备的关键控制信号进行检测。当根据该关键控制信号判定主设备选择的从设备发生故障时输出高电平。
这种技术方案上的区别，带来了较为明显的有益效果，具体的说，通过异常检测逻辑子模块和与之相连的多路选择子模块对每个PHY设备的关键控制信号进行检测和隔离，能够有效的检测并隔离故障PHY设备，避免单个PHY设备的故障导致整个UTOPIA接口的不可用，大大提高了系统的可靠性和容错能力。
附图说明
图1为MPHY模式的UTOPIA接口示意图；
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的主从设备系统结构示意图；
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的主从设备系统的工作流程示意图；
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的实现逻辑控制模块的内部原理框图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步地详细描述。
为了使主设备能够检测和隔离发生故障的从设备，需要对各个从设备输出的关键控制信号进行处理，将各个从设备的输出关键控制信号隔离，从而当某个从设备发生故障时，该故障设备不能影响到其他从设备的输出关键控制信号，即需要使主设备能够自动隔离该故障从设备，以保证轮询到其他从设备时主设备能够继续正常处理。在本发明中，在主从设备之间增加了一个控制逻辑模块，用于对来自各个从设备的关键控制信号进行检测和控制。
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的主从设备系统结构示意图，如图所示。该电路主要包含从设备，即PHY设备21、22、23，逻辑控制模块24以及主设备，即ATM设备25。
PHY设备21、22、23以及ATM设备25的结构和功能与图1中的PHY设备11、12、13以及ATM设备14相同。简单的说，ATM设备25用于通过向从PHY设备21、22和23以及逻辑控制模块24发送地址选择信号，告知所选择的从设备，并接收来自逻辑控制模块24的选中从设备的关键控制信号；PHY设备21、22和23用于响应来自所述主设备的地址选择信号，将地址选择信号中提供的选中从设备的的关键控制信号发送给所述逻辑控制模块。
逻辑控制模块24用于根据来自PHY设备21、22和23的关键控制信号，检测其是否发生故障，如果发生故障，则发送故障信号给ATM设备25；否则，直接将该PHY设备对应的关键控制信号发送给ATM设备25。
简单的说，逻辑控制模块24包含异常检测逻辑子模块以及多路选择子模块。异常检测逻辑子模块用于定时检测来自PHY设备21、22和23的关键控制信号，当检测发现其发生故障时，输出高电平，当从设备正常时，直接将来自该设备的关键控制信号发送给多路选择器子模块；
多路选择器子模块用于根据地址选择信号中提供的所选择的从设备信息，选择相应的从设备的关键控制信号，发送给ATM设备25。
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的实现逻辑控制模块24的内部原理框图，如图所示。主要由异常检测逻辑41、42、43和多路选择器44构成。
如上所述，异常检测逻辑41、42、43用于对PHY设备21、22、23输出的关键控制信号1、2、3进行检测，通过各个异常检测逻辑的输出判断所对应的PHY设备是否发生故障。
如果PHY设备21发生故障，则异常检测逻辑41将会检测到故障信息，并会发送故障信号给ATM设备25，ATM设备25根据实际业务需要判断是否要对PHY设备21进行隔离或者进行其他处理。如果PHY设备21没有发生故障，则异常检测逻辑41直接输出PHY设备21的关键控制信号1。
熟悉本领域的技术人员可以知道，异常检测逻辑41、42、43可以采用一个定时器来实现，由PHY设备输出的关键控制信号来控制定时器。如果关键控制信号为低电平时则启动定时器，开始计时；如果关键控制信号为高阻状态则将定时器复位。若低电平时间超过定时器所设定的定时时间，此时该PHY设备可能发生故障，在定时器定时结束后自动将故障信号发送给ATM设备25，ATM设备25接收到该故障信号后对其进行隔离，从而保证该PHY设备故障时ATM设备25轮询到其他PHY设备时仍能正常工作。在其他情形时，直接将所述关键控制信号发送给多路选择器44。这里需要说明的是，当MPHY模式ATM设备发送FIFO为单队列结构时，如果有信元无法发送将导致整个UTOPIA接口堵塞，因此对于故障PHY设备要将它的TxClav信号置为高电平，保证该信元不会堵塞ATM设备的发送FIFO。
另外，定时器可以通过简单的计数电路来实现，定时时间则可以通过设定计数器的最大计数次数来给定。具体定时时间长度则可以由业务特性和当前网络的状况共同决定。
多路选择器44用于根据来自ATM设备25的地址选择信号，选择并输出ATM设备25选中的PHY设备所对应的关键控制信号。如果当前选中的PHY设备为设备A，则此时多路选择器44选择直通的信号应该是PHY设备A所对应的关键控制信号。
实际使用过程中，假设在PHY设备21发生故障，其他PHY设备正常的情况下，当ATM设备25轮询到PHY设备21时，即ATM设备25发出的地址选择信号选择的是PHY设备21所对应的地址，同时多路选择器44选通PHY设备21所对应的关键控制信号1，PHY设备22和PHY设备23所对应的关键控制信号2和关键控制信号3被阻塞。当轮询PHY设备21的周期结束，轮询到PHY设备22时，ATM设备25发出的地址选择信号选择PHY设备22，并保证多路选择器44选通PHY设备22所对应的关键控制信号2，PHY设备21和PHY设备23所对应的关键控制信号1和关键控制信号3则不能通过。轮询PHY设备23的操作和轮询PHY设备22的操作相似。
由上面的操作过程可以看出，如果有设备发生故障时，多路选择器44本身就能很好地将该故障设备屏蔽，从保证多设备轮询接口电路可靠工作。
由于单独使用多路选择器可以对故障设备进行屏蔽，但不能检测出究竟是那个设备发生故障，实际使用过程中，为了保证ATM设备25不对故障的PHY设备进行访问，提高系统的工作效率，通常共同使用异常检测逻辑41、42、43和多路选择器44。
上面简要介绍了本发明一个实施例的主从设备系统结构图中各个组成部分的功能和连接关系，下面将描述其具体工作过程。图3是根据本所述实施例的主从设备系统的工作流程图，如图所示。
首先进入步骤310，由ATM设备25向逻辑控制模块24发送地址选择信号，选择PHY设备21、22、23中的某一个，同时在逻辑控制模块24中选中该PHY设备所对应的输出关键控制信号，确保逻辑控制模块24处理的关键控制信号与所选择的PHY设备相对应。
接着进入步骤320，逻辑控制模块24对上述选中PHY设备的输出关键控制信号进行处理。具体的说，在一段时间内，如果所述关键控制信号不是一直保持为低电平，则表示该PHY设备没有故障，直接将关键控制信号发送给ATM设备25；反过来，如果所述关键控制信号在这个时间内一直保持为低电平，则表示该PHY设备可能发生故障，则发送故障信号给ATM设备25。
如上所述，这段时间的长度可以根据业务的服务质量和网络状况由用户自行设定。
接着，在步骤330中，逻辑控制模块24直接将上述PHY设备的关键控制信号发送给ATM设备25，ATM设备25根据关键控制信号的状态作出响应。如果关键控制信号为低电平，则启动对该PHY设备的一次访问操作，如果关键控制信号为高阻状态，则不执行任何操作，进入下一个轮询周期。
熟悉本领域的技术人员能够理解，虽然本实施例中描述的是PHY设备和ATM设备所构成的系统，但是本发明还适用于其他的系统。只要该系统中，由一个主设备轮询多个外播设备，并且有多个响应信号直接线性相与在一根总线上。在本发明的另一个实施例中，any-PHY接口也可使用相似的电路来保证有PHY设备发生故障时，ATM设备仍能继续正常工作。
虽然通过参照本发明的某些优选实施例，已经对本发明进行了图示和描述，但本领域的普通技术人员应该明白，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种各样的改变，而不偏离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种主从设备系统，包含主设备和多个从设备，
其特征在于，还包含多路选择器子模块，其中，
所述主设备用于通过向所述从设备和多路选择器子模块发送地址选择信号，告知所选择的从设备，并接收来自所述多路选择器子模块的所述选中从设备的关键控制信号；
所述从设备用于将关键控制信号发送给所述多路选择器子模块；
所述多路选择器子模块用于根据所述地址选择信号选择相应的从设备的关键控制信号，并发送给所述主设备。
2.根据权利要求1所述的主从设备系统，其特征在于，还包含连接在所述多路选择器子模块与所述从设备之间的异常检测逻辑子模块，其中
所述异常检测逻辑子模块用于通过定时检测来自所述从设备的关键控制信号判断该从设备是否发生故障，并且，当从设备发生故障时，输出故障指示信号，当从设备正常时，直接将来自该从设备的关键控制信号发送给所述多路选择器子模块。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的主从设备系统，其特征在于，所述主设备是异步传输模式设备，所述从设备是物理层设备，所述主设备和从设备之间的接口是异步传输模式物理层通用测试和操作接口。
4.根据权利要求3所述的主从设备系统，其特征在于，所述故障指示信号是高电平。
5.根据权利要求4所述的主从设备系统，其特征在于，所述异常检测逻辑子模块是一个定时器，并且，当来自所述从设备的关键控制信号为低电平时启动定时器，当所述关键控制信号为高电平时停止定时器并清零，若该定时器超时则判定所述从设备发生故障。
6.根据权利要求5所述的主从设备系统，其特征在于，所述定时器是以周期性时钟信号触发的计数器，当来自所述从设备的关键控制信号为低电平时启动计数，当所述关键控制信号为高电平则停止计数并将计数值清零，当计数值超过预定门限时判定所述从设备发生故障。
7.根据权利要求4所述的主从设备系统，其特征在于，所述异常检测逻辑子模块还用于在判定所述从设备发生故障时，向所述主设备发送故障告警信号。
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CN103814363B (zh) * 2011-09-27 2016-08-24 三菱电机株式会社 从装置、主装置及通信方法
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CN107851080A (zh) * 2015-07-02 2018-03-27 标致雪铁龙汽车股份有限公司 包括分析双向视频网络的物理层故障的分析部件的主单元
CN107851080B (zh) * 2015-07-02 2021-08-10 标致雪铁龙汽车股份有限公司 包括分析双向视频网络的物理层故障的分析部件的主单元
CN107589733A (zh) * 2016-07-08 2018-01-16 华北电力大学 控制器诊断信号生成、故障保护及功能安全的方法、系统
CN110830563A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-21 英业达科技有限公司 一种主从架构服务器及其信息读写方法
CN112527721A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-19 苏州华兴源创科技股份有限公司 一种集成电路总线接口控制装置、方法以及系统
CN112486887A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-12 天津津航计算技术研究所 一种利用spi总线传输异步信号的方法及装置
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