CN1841005A - High precision vernier caliper - Google Patents
High precision vernier caliper Download PDFInfo
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- CN1841005A CN1841005A CN 200510017464 CN200510017464A CN1841005A CN 1841005 A CN1841005 A CN 1841005A CN 200510017464 CN200510017464 CN 200510017464 CN 200510017464 A CN200510017464 A CN 200510017464A CN 1841005 A CN1841005 A CN 1841005A
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Abstract
The disclosed high-precise vernier caliper comprises: a slope guide rail integrated in the caliper frame, a main caliper vertical moved in the frame to produce lifting motion, a measurement plane as the main caliper top plane to match with one or more measurement planes on frame. This invention has strong environmental adaptation and fit to measure the high-precise members.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of vernier caliper class measurer, particularly a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule.Be mainly used in precision measurement external diameter and thickness etc.
Background technology:
Through internet retrieval patent documentation and relevant publication catalogues such as " tool technique ", " machine-building ", " mechanical engineer ", and the product introduction of domestic measurer manufacturer, all do not find and a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule of similar of the present invention.
In the prior art, well-known, domestic and international widely used vernier caliper is read vernier groove formula, is that the 0.02mm precision is the highest with the scale division value, and its readable value is 0.02mm, and the error of indication is that measuring error only is ± 0.02mm; Though the readable value of electronic digital indicator is 0.01mm, the error of indication reaches ± 0.03mm, and measurement range is big more, and their error of indication is big more.
Though advantages such as that above-mentioned slide calliper rule all have is simple in structure, easy to use, of many uses, price is lower, measurement range is big, its measuring accuracy all are spaced apart the common milscale of 25mm specification not as good as general scale range.Such the most widely used milscale, readable value are 0.01mm, primes 0-25mm specification, the error of indication is ± 0.004mm.Lever-type micrometer that measuring accuracy is higher and passameter class and micron milscale, the elaboration of genus milscale class, the error of indication is ± 0.002mm.But because readable micrometer scope or range is limited and the restriction of factor such as price height, in a line workshop of general enterprise utilization not general, mostly be checker's use greatly with allegedlying.
Because precision measuringtoll, amount instrument class most price is higher or expensive and the micrometer scope is less, have to all multifactor existence such as a line production environment are difficult to adapt to, make in the forward digitizing, at a high speed, in the line workshop of the machinery manufacturing industry that develops of efficient, high-precision direction, have many workpiece that should use precision measuringtoll to measure usually to be forced to use the high-acruracy survey that vernier caliper or general milscale go to waste time and energy and difficulty is very big by the Common Difference ﹠ Cooperation class requirement.This not only influences product quality, also hinders the further raising of throughput rate.These all general measurer precise treatment technical developments lag behind and cause.
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, provides a kind of simple in structure, the durable and special high-precision slide caliper rule that can be applicable to that line Workshop Production personnel and checker etc. use.The starting point of the minimum design standards of this chi is readable value 0.002mm, and the error of indication should be ± 0.002mm, degree of precision, its readable value just enters the zone beyond the micron.
The present invention realizes like this.
High-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention, mainly by the chi frame and on secondary chi of vernier and main scale etc. form.Top, chi frame left side overhang left is divided into measuring jaw.This measuring jaw can have only a measuring jaw face, also can have a plurality of measuring jaws to face down to the lower right to stepped distribution, and each pawl face is parallel to each other.The surface rail that contacts with the main scale lower bevel in the chi frame tilts to the lower right, and the angle of inclination size is identical with the main scale bevel angle, direction is opposite.When the left zero line of the secondary chi of the vernier of installing on the left side zero line of main scale and the chi frame alignd, there was bigger vertical space on the last plane of main scale with last interplanar in the chi frame relative with it, and it is best lift that this space is slightly larger than the rising value that designs for main scale.On the main scale on plane and the chi frame baseplane of the last plane in each measuring jaw face, the chi frame and chi frame parallel, vertical with chi frame inwall and each spigot surface.The plane is also vertical with two sides of main scale own and both ends of the surface on the main scale.The groove that to be carved with the same spacing with common calliper on the main scale be 1mm, but wiring direction distributes from right to left along main scale hypotenuse vergence direction, and the ratio between the length line regularity of distribution and the line length is all with reference to existing vernier caliper value or a little longer.Arabic numeral on the secondary chi of main scale and vernier are all arranged by numerical values recited from right to left.Orientation is opposite with existing slide calliper rule and allow to occur decimal.The vernier scale division value can be got by existing slide calliper rule scope.The groove of main scale and secondary chi, when the surface rail in main scale and chi frame was got angle value with sine function, groove all should be perpendicular to the hypotenuse of main scale, and during with the tan value, groove must be perpendicular to the last plane of main scale, and the secondary chi of vernier requires the same.The last plane of main scale is the measuring jaw face on the main scale.
The quantity of chi frame measuring jaw, preferably, can be for one or more, the functional value of the used angle of this chi is more little, and the measuring jaw face can be established several many more, and the measuring jaw face is many more, and total scale range is big more.The measuring jaw long more measuring jaw face of establishing of length that overhangs is just many more.On the appropriate location of this chi chi frame baseplane, can process two primary screw holes,, this chi be stood up be used for measuring in case of necessity for mounting support spare.
Drop between the measuring jaw face equates, and equals best lift that main scale drafts respectively for best.Because with regard to many measuring jaw faces, scale range just can enlarge like this.
The maximal value decision main scale maximum lift value of the vertical shift amount that main scale allows in the chi frame.Preferably, the best length travel amount length value that main scale is used to measure is the distance between the zero line of main scale two ends, and this distance takes advantage of the tangent value of the used acute angle correspondence of this chi to equal to draft the best lift of main scale.When getting equal angular, the main scale net lift is big more, and scale range is big more.
On the chi frame on the side, top of measuring jaw face, indicate the measurement range of this measuring jaw face, as when marking number and being 40-50mm, represent that then this measuring jaw face can be surveyed Φ 40-Φ 50 or thickness is workpiece or the part of 40mm-50mm, be labeled as 0-10mm, then expression can be measured the workpiece of 0-10mm size or part etc., by that analogy.In fact reserved a part of length of stretching out guide rail because of the main scale front end, every measuring jaw face all can be measured the part that is a bit larger tham its maximum detection value.
When main scale left end zero line alignd with secondary chi left side zero line, the last plane of main scale was the measuring jaw face of main scale, and the vertical range between each measuring jaw face on the chi frame, was the maximum detection value of each measuring jaw face top mark.For example: when choosing this chi oblique angle with tangent value 0.1 or 0.05, measuring jaw face on the chi frame is if there is the less measurement range value of mark, as 0-10mm 0-5mm or the like, when then main scale moved to main scale the right zero line and aligns with secondary chi left side zero line in the chi frame, to be its measuring jaw face should be the school zero condition that no gap contacts with 0-5mm 0-10mm measuring jaw face on the chi frame on the last plane of main scale.On this moment main scale on plane and the chi frame vertical range between other measuring jaw face be the minimum detectable range value that marks above other measuring jaw face.
The tangent value at the pitch angle of the inclined-plane of main scale and chi frame inner guide rail can preferentially should be selected 0.1 0.05 0.01 0.001 0.0050.0001 etc. comprising 0.1 level off to by 0.1 and choose in 0 the value.
Below be main scale face array method example:
To get the used tangent value in angle be 0.1 o'clock to surface rail in the inclined-plane of the main scale of a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention and the chi frame, and preferably, the numeral on the main scale centimetre line from left to right is when drafting best lift and being 10mm:
12 11 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
When drafting lift and being 20mm, the numeral on centimetre line is:
23 22 21 0 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 1110 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Tangent value is 0.01 o'clock, and when drafting lift and being 1mm, the numeral on centimetre line is:
1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.30.2 0.1 0
Tangent value is 0.01 o'clock, if the main scale lift when being 2mm on the main scale centimetre line numeral be:
2.3 2.2 2.1 0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.21.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
When getting the angle with tangent value 0.05, main scale is drafted best the appreciation when being 5mm, and the numeral on the main scale centimetre line is arranged as from left to right:
7 6.5 5.5 0 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0
When getting the angle with tangent value 0.005, main scale is drafted best the appreciation when being 0.5mm, and then the numeral on the main scale centimetre line is from left to right:
0.7 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.150.1 0.05 0
In a word, in above-mentioned the giving an example of high-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention, array rule from the main scale centimetre line as can be seen, its numerical values recited, with the main scale of this chi and the used oblique angle of surface rail in the chi frame is that the size of the corresponding tangent value of acute angle size is relevant, promptly eye left from main scale right zero line, centimetre length reference numerals on its li line, the true length of the several times millimeter of its representative had all been taken advantage of the trigonometric function value at the used angle of this high-precision slide caliper rule, so see that it is some corresponding millimeters units that number is all read when reading.
The design of this high-precision slide caliper rule, on the inclined-plane, move and to rise or the decline principle according to object, the principle that has accurate tangent or sine function relation in the utilization right-angle triangle between limit and limit and limit and the angle, look baseplane with the last parallel plane chi frame of main scale, adjacent side for the oblique angle of the surface rail of slide calliper rule chi frame of the present invention, surface rail is a hypotenuse, and the end face of chi frame lower left quarter is an opposite side.Because of used oblique angle is very little, so main scale bigger length travel amount on the surface rail in the chi frame is also less to the influence of its rising displacement.Its rising shift value is that the acute angle size is closely related with this oblique angle simultaneously also.Its rising value equals the tangent value that its length travel amount multiply by chi frame surface rail acute angle; During with sine function design oblique angle size, then the displacement that equals on surface rail of main scale ascending amount is taken advantage of sine function.Preferably, get the angle with the tan value at oblique angle and be advisable, make things convenient for reading.
High-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention, used angle of bevel is more little, and measuring accuracy is high more.Use the degree of accuracy of the readable value that existing vernier caliper groove principle and vernier scale division value determined more little because be reflected in the present invention to the influence power of readable value degree of accuracy of the present invention.To be that 0.1 oblique angle of getting surface rail is an example with tangent value, when these slide calliper rule of the present invention selected for use the vernier scale division value to be 0.02, the readable value degree of accuracy of the secondary chi of slide calliper rule vernier of the present invention had been scale division value * tg α=0.02mm * 0.1=0.002mm; In like manner, if the tangent value of selected guide rail angle is 0.01, then slide calliper rule of the present invention readable value degree of accuracy should be 0.02mm * 0.01=0.0002mm.Obviously, although not good enough because of eyesight, on the secondary chi of vernier, not see any bar line clearly and really aim at groove on the main scale, caused error is also very little.As: wrong the 3rd line in the right zero line left side on the secondary chi regarded as the 5th line groove on the main scale that alignd, during promptly mistaken reading value 0.1mm-0.06mm=0.04mm, after the 0.04mm of mutiread be multiply by oblique angle tangent value 0.01, the error amount of the real reader slide calliper rule gained that causes just had only 0.04mm * 0.01=0.0004mm.And for existing vernier caliper when the value of misreading is 0.04mm, the factual error difference of reading is 0.04mm.Thus also as seen, high-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention, when to adopt tangent value be 0.01 oblique angle, in fact readable value degree of accuracy was 100 times of the existing readable value degree of accuracy of slide calliper rule.With this principle popularizing, change slide calliper rule guide rail angle of bevel of the present invention, can make readable value precision be geometric series easily and improve.
High-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention is not limited to accompanying drawing 1 example, and the main direction that the digital row of falling on its structure, design concept, utilization foundation, using method and the major-minor chi is described by Fig. 1 etc. are so that check.With regard to Fig. 1 example, this chi also can form the specification of various different measuring scopes as common milscale.As common milscale, generally be designed to specifications such as 0-25mm, 25-50mm, 50-75mm, Fig. 1 high precision slide calliper rule also can form 0-30mm (referring to the area size that this footage measuring jaw planar survey scope contains), 30-60mm, 60-90mm, specifications such as 90-120mm.As Fig. 1 chi length between main scale two zero lines is increased to 200mm, making the main scale lift is 20mm, and the upper space of main scale in the chi frame is increased to 21mm, the also corresponding increasing of other sizes of chi frame, and then minimum starting chi type can be 0-60mm, 60-120mm, 120-160mm or the like.The diameter of surveying big more, the measuring jaw face is few more, is 1 the most after a little while.When the chi type was bigger or too big, the measuring jaw part that overhangs on the chi frame can be designed to arcs of recesses with reference to common milscale, to increase useful space, holds the outer round surface of tested big workpiece.Plane relative with plane on the main scale in the chi frame is to this chi frame baseplane part, and form is constant, only up-sizing.
Other as: with 0.05,0.01,0.005,0.001,0.0001 trigonometric function value such as grade is got the high-precision slide caliper rule at angle, also can form seriation with reference to said method, the specification kind that form the measurement range difference, comes in every shape.Such as also having only a blade vertically upward on chi frame top, have on the blade the same chi frame of height gauge and on measuring jaw, increase measurement range by check and correction gauge rod or gauge block.This measuring jaw can be designed to and chi frame one, and what also can be detachable is fixed on chi frame top or left side suitable position.Certainly the present invention can also adopt other form, and such as with these slide calliper rule counting principle, the reading device that will be made of secondary chi changes the digital display reading device that has been adopted by electronic digital indicator in the prior art into.This reading device is formed by holding grid or grating sensor and special IC.These slide calliper rule can be realized the digitizing demonstration and the metric and English conversion of high-acruracy survey, measurement result like this.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of example chi of high-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the pronunciation of this example is with reference to figure;
Fig. 3 also is that the pronunciation of example is with reference to figure;
Fig. 4 also is that the pronunciation of example is with reference to figure;
Fig. 5 also is that the pronunciation of example is with reference to figure;
Fig. 6 is the reading device structural representation of another example;
Below illustrate in greater detail one embodiment of the present of invention structure and using method by accompanying drawing.
By Fig. 1 example chi as seen, the reading device of forming by this chi main scale 1 and secondary chi 20, though the groove on the chi face all perpendicular to the last plane of main scale 1 and the baseplane of chi frame, its wiring direction is all consistent with the vergence direction of the surface rail 17 of 6 li of chi frames.Array on centimetre line is a starting point with the right zero line all, increases progressively successively from right to left, and is opposite with the orientation of common calliper.Though main scale left side zero line is in occupation of 10 position, institute's numerical order of arranging is so interruption left by this zero line.The main scale left end stretches out beyond the surface rail 17, (limited because of drawing, draw shortlyer.) actual extension elongation, should be not less than the main scale left side zero line distance between centimetre line finishing line of institute's cloth extremely left, with this chi effective range, extend to the semi-finishing size in the past of Φ 30 measured workpieces.
Be the precision-fit state between main scale 1 two sides and chi frame wall and the guide plate 7,14,25,17 one-tenth two inclined-plane contact conditions of surface rail of main scale 1 inclined-plane and chi frame 6, in main scale 1 gathering sill 2, be combined with the guide cylinder face that screw 23 front ends cooperate with gathering sill 2, adjust screw (should be milled screw) 4 front ends narrow groove is arranged, reed 27 is arranged in the groove, adjust screw 4 and compress reed 27, can lock in optional position in the chi frame to main scale 1, guide plate 25 is pressed on the chi frame up and down on the side by the bottom screw of screw 5 and guide plate (unnumbered).The structure of guide plate 7 and effect and guide plate 25 are just the same.Be overhung at chi frame 6 upper left parts and be measuring jaw 11 with chi frame one.Have on the measuring jaw 11 from the left front to 12,10,9 measuring jaw planes of the stepped distribution in right back, above each measuring jaw face, indicate its measurement range, and each pawl face drop is the best lift range value of main scale 1.Each measuring jaw face all with its below main scale 1 on plane parallel, measuring jaw side and main scale parallel sided, measuring jaw 11 left front end faces do not allow to exceed chi frame surface rail 17 left sides, when guaranteeing under this measuring jaw measuring workpieces, ergometry falls within surface rail 17 and bears the zone, avoids main scale 1 to bear and makes the little power of sticking up in its right back.The long dotted line 16 of that inclination of stretching to surface rail 17 left sides of being blocked by main scale 1 left front portion is the spigot surface 16 of the main scale back that is connected as a single entity of parallel with frame wall in the chi frame and guide plate 7 front end chi frames.(should change and be depicted as the same highly, stretch to and guide plate 15 left end side maintain an equal level and to sentence the enhancing guidance capability always by chi frame wall front end with its opposite guide plate 15, dirty and messy lest drawing so change.) three screws identical with screw 14 are arranged on the guide plate 15, guide plate 15 is fixed on the surface rail side.The sign of the oblique angle trigonometric function value that guide plate 15 the right are selected for use for Fig. 1 slide calliper rule.The 17th, extended surface rail in the chi frame, the 20th, scale division value is 0.02 the secondary chi of vernier, the secondary chi quilt of vernier three Screws identical with 21 are fixed in chi frame 6 belows.The spigot surface that is installed in the guide plate 25 on the chi frame and illustrates with the with dashed lines 16 of chi frame one is with the necessary smooth precision of the surface of contact of main scale.Main scale should quench, and hardness must be high.Plane 3, each measuring jaw face of chi frame also can weld wimet to increase wearing quality on the main scale that is used to measure.In a word, each measuring jaw surface hardness is high more good more.When the zero line alignment of the secondary chi of main scale 1 a left zero line and vernier left side, the maximum measurement range value that the vertical range Ying Yuqi on plane indicates on each measuring jaw face and the main scale on the chi frame is consistent.When the left zero line alignment of main scale right zero line and secondary chi 20, the plane is the distance between zero-clearance contact condition and the 10 12 liang of measuring jaw faces on 0-10mm measuring jaw face 9 and the main scale, is respectively their minimum measurement range value.
Below narrate Fig. 1 example using method:
By Fig. 1 front view and A-A sectional view as can be known, main scale 1 is installed in chi frame 6 the insides.The spatial altitude on the last plane in the last plane carpenters square frame of main scale 1 is not less than main scale left side zero line distance between main scale 1 and the 0-10mm measuring jaw when aliging with the left zero line of secondary chi.Adjusting has a reed 27 that approaches to be installed in the narrow groove on the spigot surface of guide plate 25 between screw 4 and main scale 1 side, tighten and adjust screw 4, reed tightly is locked in main scale in the chi frame, also can be used for the adjusting play, make the main scale another side be affixed on chi frame inwall.The face of cylinder of screw 25 front ends is stretched in the oblique gathering sill 2 of main scale 1 side, can limit main scale to its improper rising in top, and main scale is shielded.Gathering sill 2 degree of tilt are consistent with main scale 1 pitch angle, thus can not hinder main scale 1 to vertically move the time to rising or descending.Spring shim 22 can prevent that guider screw is loosening, and can guarantee that the right cylinder end face that guider screw stretches in the gathering sill 2 is not close at the bottom of the gathering sill all the time, help main scale 1 and when measuring, not restricted by it, and length travel easily.
When prepare measuring, new chi needn't be with adjusting screw 4,19, with the precision-fit precision of each guide, face and main scale two sides, can guarantee the moving-mass of main scale face on surface rail.Below manufactured part is measured in demonstration on worktable.If the measured workpiece diameter less than Φ 10, is fit to Fig. 1 example chi 0-10mm measuring jaw planar survey.
Refer to hold chi frame (6) back with left hand the 4th finger or three.Thumb pinches guide plate (7) downside, or is fit to the place about it, and hand thumb and forefinger pinch main scale (1) thermal insulation barriers (24), and part is stood up.At first 0-10mm chi frame measuring jaw face and guide plate (7) side are close to piece surface, the right hand promotes main scale
(1), main scale is vertically moved to the left front, so on the main scale rise in length travel and move closer to workpiece in plane 3.During near workpiece, speed is slowed down, and the right hand is slightly felt resistance and increased, and promptly stops to promote main scale 1.This resistance shows that the plane has all contacted the part measured surface with chi frame measuring jaw face on the main scale.This slight resistance is ergometry.But this moment direct reading main scale and secondary chi, major-minor chi reading sum is the accurate dimension of measured workpiece under this measuring jaw face, the error of indication is ± 0.002mm that readable value degree of accuracy is 0.002mm.Reading method is stated in addition.
In addition to the above methods, also chi frame 6 back planes can be lain on a certain planar object of worktable, workpiece is placed between the measuring jaw face, gently press or comfort workpiece and chi frame 6, promote main scale, as above finish to measure to move getting final product with the right hand with left hand.After having surveyed, main scale is pulled back into suitable position, measure next workpiece again, very convenient.
When inspected number was big, two little screws on the also available chi frame lower plane were laterally installed two parallel iron, this chi were stood up on worktable measure more convenient.This moment, left hand was held tested part, and the right hand is finished push pull maneuver.If measure Φ 20-Φ 30 parts, at first main scale left side zero line is pulled to the right above secondary chi left side zero line one segment distance, the measuring jaw face that makes 20-30mm under chi frame 6 measuring jaws is by workpiece.Make this measuring jaw face and the right angle face vertical be close to piece surface (generally being close to plane on the main scale) then, repeat above-mentioned action again, drive main scale with the right hand and finish measurement with this measuring jaw face.Can not be firmly excessive, in order to avoid crush workpiece.During lining Noodles part, more do not allow firmly excessive, in order to avoid locking phenomenon appears in measuring jaw face and part interplanar.
On lathe, very convenient when directly measuring workpiece to be machined.As: when cylindrical grinder is measured 30 of the Φ 20-Φ of clamping between two thimbles, can be on the upper surface of axle with the direct lodge of this chi 20-30mm measuring jaw face, left hand holds up the chi frame with perk on the chi Caudad.When main scale is in when being 20 ° of left and right sides with the ground level angle, the plane is to from the workpiece lower surface nearby on the right hand promotion main scale, unclamp the main scale afterbody then and let alone the downslide component that produces by deadweight, overcome and chi frame surface rail between stiction after, move on, can contact the lower surface of measured workpiece automatically.So operational measure power can be very small, measures more accurate.
By example last a kind of method is used such chi, and its ergometry can indiscriminately ad. as one wishes be controlled with perk angular dimension on the chi Caudad.In addition, this chi has been considered when design and counterweight in position has been positioned at portion on the lower side to guarantee this chi center of gravity.Like this, when measuring jaw face lodge on the chi frame in measured workpiece when surface, deadweight just can allow measuring jaw face and measured workpiece upper surface be in the excellent contact state substantially.And the chi tail upwarps, and available main scale downslide component makes plane on the main scale finish the process that well contacts with the workpiece lower surface in the disappear mode in crack of automatic tracking simultaneously.These are all very favourable to high-acruracy survey, also help keeping for a long time the precision of this chi.This using method of this chi helps the utilization of China's machinery manufacturing industry one line workshop, directly carries out precision measurement cylindrical class workpiece on multi-class machine tool and numerically-controlled machine.To improve measuring accuracy, improving the quality of products, reduce production costs and reducing the non-cutting time that is used to measure all has realistic meaning.
This chi maintenance method and requirement are with reference to universal bevel protractor.
Points for attention are: 1, can not when non-measurement state this chi head chi frame measuring jaw be taken down; 2, only when adjusting screw 4 locking main scales, just allow to hold the chi frame and fall by this chi; When 3, the plane was near measured surface on the main scale, it is slow that action is wanted, and the ergometry that applies is as far as possible little.
Below narrate the counting principle and the number reading method of high-precision slide caliper rule.
Counting principle:
With Fig. 1 example chi is example, and this chi belongs to the veriety that high-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention is got angle function value maximum.Bigger because of getting the angle, so precision is lower, its readable value error is 0.002mm, and indicating accuracy only is ± 0.002mm.All the common slide calliper rule with 0.02 vernier scale division value are identical for the secondary chi ruling span of main scale ruling span and vernier, and readable value precision and indicating accuracy only improve ten times than above-mentioned common calliper.
As seen, the numeral on the main scale centimetre line all begins reversed arrangement from small to large from its right zero line from the array of Fig. 1 main scale and secondary chi, and still to the continuous row in left front, obviously, shared centimetre of line position of left zero line should be 10 to left zero line place.Numeral on the secondary chi also is ascending arrangement from right to left.In a word, watch array layout of the reading device that this chi is made of main scale 1 and secondary chi 20 etc. in addition, all run counter to the principle of design of existing vernier caliper, apparent is somewhat nondescript.But these measures all are in order to reach the purpose of the same direct-reading measured workpiece size with existing vernier caliper.Can make main scale 1 on surface rail in the chi frame because of vertically moving the ascending amount of generation, arranged by digit reverse and oppositely the method for this chi main scale of backward read and secondary chi eliminate automatically, can exempt to deduct the calculating of main scale ascending amount.Make the speed that reads the measured workpiece size, the same with existing slide calliper rule quick.Wherein, when also aliging with main scale and secondary chi left side zero line, it is relevant that plane and distance between chi frame 6 each measuring jaw face all equal the maximum detection value range that indicates on each measuring jaw face on 6 li main scales 1 of chi frame.Because when 20 liang of left zero lines of main scale 1 and secondary chi alignd, this chi was in state to be measured substantially.Move backward just as the measuring jaw face on the common slide calliper rule chi frame this moment, drawn back distance with the fixed claw face, and chi frame upstream target left side zero line has pointed to main scale plurality word on one's body.Being reflected on these slide calliper rule then just the opposite, is that the removable measuring jaw of main scale or the fixedly measuring jaw face on measuring jaw face and the chi frame have drawn back distance.Promote the chi frame during common kind of calliper, make removable measuring jaw on the chi frame near workpiece, zero line sensing main scale numeral on one's body in the secondary chi of a vernier caliper left side is more and more littler simultaneously, behind the equal contact workpiece of measuring jaw face, read the readable numeral on the secondary chi of blade and vernier more respectively, the addition of two groups of numerals just is the measured workpiece size.And these slide calliper rule are when promoting main scale 1 and being moved to the left, by its continuous rising on the surface rail in the chi frame make main scale on the lower surface of plane and measured workpiece move closer to, and the numeral on the main scale 1 of the zero groove indication in a secondary chi left side is also more and more littler.Main scale 1 is in the length travel process, and the left zero line of secondary chi is equivalent to the vernier left side zero line of common slide calliper rule, and it is the same constantly to abandon main scale big number on one's body at the chi frame in the workpiece moving process, is also constantly abandoning the main scale 1 big number on centimetre line on one's body.And, be the length travel amount of main scale 1 in the approaching process of workpiece left by the total length value actual value that the secondary chi of these slide calliper rule left side zero line is abandoned, also be that this length travel amount multiply by the rising value that surface rail is selected tangent of an angle value gained for use.Therefore, but but after the reading value addition on the secondary chi of reading value that main scale 1 is left and vernier, multiply by this chi trigonometric function value more on one's body, promptly get the measured value of measured workpiece under the 0-10mm measuring jaw.As the 10-20mm with chi among Fig. 1, during 20-30mm measuring jaw planar survey large-size, the reading of then above-mentioned chi face adds the minimum value of the range of above-mentioned two measuring jaws more respectively.Reason is, when main scale 1 right zero line and secondary chi left side zero line align, becomes the zero-clearance contact condition between the last plane of main scale 1 and the 0-10mm measuring jaw face, and and between the 10-20mm measuring jaw apart from being 10mm, and between the 20-30mm measuring jaw apart from being 20mm.In a word, equal on main scale 1 and the secondary chi of vernier the reading sum at measured workpiece measured value under each measuring jaw face and add the minimum value that marks on each measuring jaw face.The minimum value that marks because of the 0-10mm measuring jaw is 0, so major-minor chi reading sum is the size of measured workpiece.
Number reading method:
The ascending employing of numerical reference of these slide calliper rule major-minor chi is back annotation from right to left, so read from right to left.Numeral on these slide calliper rule centimetre line is considered as being translated into the number of taking advantage of again after millimeter numeral behind the used trigonometric function value of this chi without exception.The numeral that reads on the main scale 1 is the numeral on centimetre line on zero line the right, a secondary chi left side, and the unit of reading be a millimeter, and centimetre line nearest on the right of the zero line of a for example secondary chi left side is 5, then reads to be 5mm.After this centimetre line to the main scale millimeter between the zero line of a secondary chi left side need multiply by this chi functional value, again with just now 5mm addition.As the oblique angle tangent value is Fig. 5 example of 0.1, and the nearest centimetre line numeral in secondary chi zero line right side, a left side is 6, and this 6 promptly reads to be 6mm, and 6 have 9 millimeter lines of integer apart between the left zero line, 9mm * 0.1=0.9mm then, and the readable precise figures on the main scale are 6.9mm like this.The number less than 1mm that this fashion has or not method to read then reads from secondary chi.Pronunciation is also the same with common calliper, reads from right to left but get, and gets 0.46, should be with 0.46 * 0.1=0.046mm.Use the 10-20mm measuring jaw as this chi, then final measured value is 6.9mm+0.046mm+10mm=16.946mm.So can simplify pronunciation, will read on the secondary chi double figures read after directly coming the main scale reading.But also must remember following rule: during less than 1mm, the secondary chi of centimetre line-spacing at institute reading word place left side zero line is very near, as has only about 0.5mm, should read centimetre line on add radix point and one 0 after the numeral and occupy tenths, as 8.0mm, 3.0mm.This reading from right to left, read the in line method after main scale institute reading value of double figures on the secondary chi, be applicable to that also the oblique angle trigonometric function value is 0.01,0.001,0.0001 etc. serial high-precision slide caliper rule.Be exemplified below:
Tangent value is 0.001 when the oblique angle of slide calliper rule, selects 0-10mm measuring jaw face for use, interpreting blueprints 5b (tg α=0.001) chi planar condition: read from right to left, zero line right side, a secondary chi left side is 0.06 near its main scale on centimetre line, reads to be 0.06mm.Continue to read a millimeter line left, read 9 millimeter lines, read to be 9mm * 0.001=0.009mm, the main scale value of reading is 0.069mm.Mantissa is still arranged, on secondary chi, read from right to left, get 0.46mm * 0.001=0.00046mm.Final measured value is 0.069mm+0.00046mm=0.06946mm.As seen straight-line pronunciation rule still is suitable for.
Below serve as to read example with Fig. 2,3,4,5.Measure and adopt Fig. 1 example chi, the oblique angle tangent value is 0.1, selects the 0-10mm measuring jaw for use.
From the planar condition of Fig. 2 chi, main scale left side zero line aligns with secondary chi left side zero line, secondary chi reading is 0, show that the distance between main scale and 0-10mm measuring jaw face is 10mm, so the measured workpiece dimensional measurements is 10mm, according to the earlier figures 1 chi error of indication is ± 0.002mm that this workpiece physical size should be between 9.998 to 10.002mm as can be known.
Fig. 3: read from right to left, secondary chi left side zero line has been aimed at 9 centimetre groove of being designated as on the main scale, reads to be 9mm, and secondary chi reading is 0, so the measured workpiece dimensional measurements is 9mm.
Fig. 4: read from right to left, zero line right side, a secondary chi left side is 8mm near its main scale on centimetre line, continues to read a millimeter line left, finds out that the 7th millimeter line aim at secondary chi left side zero line, so the main scale reading should be 8.7mm, secondary chi reading is 0.But direct-reading parts measurement value is 8.700mm.
Fig. 5: read from right to left, the nearest centimetre line numeral in secondary chi zero line right side, a left side is 6, and this 6 promptly reads to be 6mm, continues to read a millimeter line left, and the zero line indication of a secondary chi left side is approximately 9.5 millimeter, so main scale can only be read 6.9mm.Read secondary chi then from right to left, find on the secondary chi between 4 and 5 that the 3rd groove aimed at a certain groove on the main scale left, pronunciation is also the same with common calliper, but read from right to left, 0.46, with 46 in line after the main scale reading, 6.946mm.This value is the actual measurement workpiece size under the 0-10mm measuring jaw.Use the 10-20mm measuring jaw as this chi, then should add 10mm again, then final measured value is 16.946mm.In like manner, use the 20-30mm measuring jaw as this chi, then should add 20mm again, then final measured value is 26.946mm.With it popularization, the number reading method of such bigger than Fig. 1 example chi measurement range as can be known chi.For example, same oblique angle tangent value is such chi of 0.1, if the best lift of main scale is 20mm, the measurement range of minimum single order measuring jaw face mark is 120-140mm on the chi frame, single order measuring jaw planar survey scope is 140-160mm above it, and the correction gauge rod or the gauge block that should use gauge block or this chi to provide for oneself are proofreaied and correct this chi.As when this chi main scale left side zero line was alignd with secondary chi left side zero line, supporting gauge block of institute or correction gauge rod were just in time with to be the gap be 0 on the plane on 120-140mm measuring jaw face and the main scale.After this measure as stated above and get final product.For example using the oblique angle tangent value is 0.1 high-precision slide caliper rule, measures big workpiece under 120-140mm measuring jaw face, major-minor chi reading and be 19.828mm, and then measured value is answered 120mm+19.828mm=139.828mm.
In sum, high-precision slide caliper rule of the present invention, not only readable value is accurate, the error of indication is little, and the design concept uniqueness, have sturdy and durable, simple in structure, cost is low, measure precisely rapidly, have in its measurement range advantage such as omnidistance micrometer function.After only will specification variety series as Fig. 1 example type of foundation, promptly can replace the existing common milscale and the error of indication fully and be the lever-type micrometer of ± 0.002mm, micron milscale etc., directly apply to machine-building one line workshop and carry out the precision workpiece measurement, or check.And the oblique angle trigonometric function value that the present invention comprises is more high-precision slide calliper rule such as 0.01,0.001, and then alternative part precision measurement instrument directly applies to specialty and detects.Or the line degradation that puts into production uses direct quality with its high precision monitor precision machine tool processing work.Can certainly serve as ordinary measring tool and be applied to all manufacturing scenes,, improve the accurate level of making of enterprise to improve the quality of products.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule, mainly by main scale, the chi frame and on secondary chi form, it is characterized in that, chi frame (6) top, left side overhang left is divided into measuring jaw (11), this measuring jaw can have only a measuring jaw face, a plurality of measuring jaw faces (9) also can be arranged, (10), (12), pawl faces down to the lower right to stepped distribution, each pawl face is parallel to each other, the surface rail (17) that contacts with main scale (1) lower bevel of chi frame (6) the inside tilts to the lower right, the angle of inclination size is identical with main scale (1) bevel angle, direction is opposite, when the left zero line that is positioned at the secondary chi of installing on left zero line and the chi frame of main scale (1) of chi frame (6) lining of vernier (20) aligns, the last interplanar of the last plane (3) of main scale (1) and chi frame (6) lining relative with it has bigger vertical space, this space is slightly larger than the best lift of drafting for main scale (1), main scale (1) goes up the plane and chi frame (6) is gone up each measuring jaw face (9), (10), (12), the last plane of chi frame (6) lining and the baseplane of chi frame (6) are parallel, with chi frame (6) inwall, spigot surface (16) with chi frame wall (6) one, and and each guide way surface of contact (7), (15), (25) vertical, the measuring jaw face that the last plane (3) of main scale (1) is a main scale (1) is also vertical with the two sides of main scale (1) own, the groove that to be carved with the same spacing with common calliper on the main scale (1) be 1mm, but wiring direction distributes from right to left along gathering sill (2) limit consistent with main scale (1) hypotenuse vergence direction, ratio between the length line regularity of distribution and the line length is all with reference to existing vernier caliper value or a little longer, arabic numeral on the secondary chi of main scale (1) and vernier (20) are all pressed the ascending arrangement of numerical value from right to left, be that orientation is opposite with existing slide calliper rule and allow to occur decimal, the vernier scale division value is chosen in the scope at common slide calliper rule and is got, the groove of main scale (1) and secondary chi (20), at the surface rail (17) of main scale (1) and chi frame (6) lining when getting angle value with sine function, groove all should be perpendicular to the hypotenuse of main scale (1), during with the tan value, groove must be perpendicular to the last plane (3) of main scale (1), require the same to the secondary chi of vernier, all be equipped with on guide plate (25) and the guide plate (7) and adjust screw (4), the screw of tape guide post (23), main scale (1) can vertically move to the left or to the right in chi frame (6) lining, accordingly, can rise and also can descend in the last plane (3) of main scale (1).
2, a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule according to claim 1 is characterized in that the measuring jaw face on the chi frame is few more, and this chi scale range is more little, and the measuring jaw face is many more below the measuring jaw, and this chi scale range is big more.
3, a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule according to claim 1, the trigonometric function value of the angle of getting is more little, it is many more that the measuring jaw face can be established measuring jaw, the also corresponding increase of indicating value some.
4, a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule according to claim 1, tangent or sine value at the acute rake angle of the surface rail (17) of main scale (1) and chi frame (6) lining, 0.1 level off to by 0.1 and choose in 0 the value can comprised, preferably, be good with 0.1,0.01,0.05,0.001.
5, a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule according to claim 1 has only a measuring jaw face, also can be at adjustable momentum pawl of chi frame (6) top left design.
6, a kind of high-precision slide caliper rule according to claim 1, the last plane of main scale is the measuring jaw face of main scale.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100174644A CN100383487C (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | High precision vernier caliper |
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| CNB2005100174644A CN100383487C (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | High precision vernier caliper |
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| CN100383487C CN100383487C (en) | 2008-04-23 |
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| CNB2005100174644A Expired - Fee Related CN100383487C (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | High precision vernier caliper |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331213A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-01-25 | 东莞市邦卡量具科技有限公司 | Double-zero-position caliper |
| CN102878882A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-01-16 | 东莞市邦卡量具科技有限公司 | Double-zero-position electronic meter caliper rule |
| CN102914228A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-02-06 | 东莞市邦卡量具科技有限公司 | Double-zero-position caliper with mechanical watch |
| CN107063022A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-18 | 河海大学 | One kind measurement tonger and measuring method |
| CN111099520A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-05-05 | 上海建工四建集团有限公司 | Device for adjusting vertical position of object and using method thereof |
| CN111457814A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-28 | 新疆维吾尔自治区计量测试研究院 | Vernier caliper with set square and reading method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN88210020U (en) * | 1988-01-13 | 1988-09-07 | 沈阳市工具研究所 | Slide caliper |
| CN2036653U (en) * | 1988-10-25 | 1989-04-26 | 北京理工大学 | Callipers for internal- and external diameter measurements |
| JPH1123204A (en) * | 1997-07-07 | 1999-01-29 | Hisashi Nakaso | Multifunctional angle mater for three-dimensional object |
-
2005
- 2005-03-30 CN CNB2005100174644A patent/CN100383487C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331213A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-01-25 | 东莞市邦卡量具科技有限公司 | Double-zero-position caliper |
| CN102878882A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-01-16 | 东莞市邦卡量具科技有限公司 | Double-zero-position electronic meter caliper rule |
| CN102914228A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-02-06 | 东莞市邦卡量具科技有限公司 | Double-zero-position caliper with mechanical watch |
| CN102331213B (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-05-01 | 东莞市邦卡量具科技有限公司 | Double-zero-position caliper |
| CN102878882B (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2014-04-16 | 深圳中汇安仔贸易有限公司 | Double-zero-position electronic meter caliper ruler |
| CN102914228B (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2014-10-29 | 深圳中汇安仔贸易有限公司 | Double-zero-position caliper with mechanical watch |
| CN107063022A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-18 | 河海大学 | One kind measurement tonger and measuring method |
| CN107063022B (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-11-27 | 河海大学 | A kind of measurement tonger and measurement method |
| CN111099520A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-05-05 | 上海建工四建集团有限公司 | Device for adjusting vertical position of object and using method thereof |
| CN111457814A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-28 | 新疆维吾尔自治区计量测试研究院 | Vernier caliper with set square and reading method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100383487C (en) | 2008-04-23 |
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