CN1836973A - Electromagnetic seagoing-ship propeller - Google Patents

Abstract

The key point of the present invention is that under the guide of the helical guide vanes, sea water as the electrolyte rotating around the columnar electrode is first changed into backwards rotating flow and then changed into backwards high speed jetting water flow by means of the pressure storing cavity, and the counteraction force of the high speed jetting water flow forces the ship to run forwards. The sea ship propelling plant has conducting cylinder of stainless steel plate, central electrode of stainless steel rod, racks of high strength anticorrosive plastic, helical guide vanes, honeycomb permanent magnets with two poles fixed to two ends of the cylinder and connected through outer soft magnetic material to form magnetic force line loop, pressure storing nozzle in the tail, and DC generator for use in ship or accumulator for use in torpedo.

Description

Electromagnetic seagoing-ship propeller

One technical field

Shipbuilding industry

Two background technologies

(1) general introduction

Position up till now, in shipbuilding industry, the most modes that adopt screw propeller to advance of the propelling unit of boats and ships.Wherein, the screw propeller of variable-pitch is arranged, the screw propeller of fixed pitch is also arranged.And on some small-sized high speed vessels (as aluminum alloy catamaran), then most sprinklers (Water-jut) that adopt, indivedual aluminum alloy high speed vessels have then adopted automotive gas turbine as propelling unit, for example use to making aircraft design-calculated turbine engine etc.The weakness of these devices, or be that propulsion coefficient is lower, or be that cost is relatively more expensive, or be complex structure, and fuel oil consumption is huge, and noise is very big, maintains by very inconvenient (as turbojet and sprinkler etc.).In order to improve propulsion coefficient, save the energy, reduce noise, reduce the shipbuilding cost, the convenient for maintaining maintenance has been invented a kind of with the direct acting propelling unit of electromagnetic force---electromagnetic seagoing-ship propeller here.

(2) theoretical basis of this device

1) Lorentz force that is subjected on perpendicular to sense of motion of moving charge

As everyone knows, current carrying conductor will be subjected to the effect of magnetic force in magnetic field, and this is because the directed movement of the electric current source free electron in the lead is formed.So we suppose that moving charged particle can be subjected to the effect of Lorentz force equally in magnetic field.In fact, current is done directed movement (as the rotation of electrical motor) in magnetic field basic reason is exactly: the charged particle in the conductor is except doing in magnetic field the directed movement, also constantly with conductor in macroscopic material collide mutually and give conductor itself force transmission.---Here it is current stressed microscopic nature in magnetic field.

2) force analysis and the calculating of current in magnetic field

According to top analysis, we can study the meaning of Ampere's law further.According to Ampere's law, any current elements Idl at magnetic induction density is on the current carrying conductor

Magnetic field in suffered external force

$\mathrm{df}=\mathrm{BIdl}\sin (\stackrel{\→}{\mathrm{dl}}\·\stackrel{\→}{B})---\left(1\right)$

The horizontal interface of supposing current elements is s, n particle that has electric charge e arranged in the unit volume, and the average velociity of these particle directed movements is

So

Direction be exactly Direction.And intensity of current is defined as:

I＝neυs (2)

To draw after its substitution Ampere's law

$\mathrm{df}=\mathrm{en\υ}\mathrm{sBdl}\sin (\stackrel{\→}{\mathrm{\υ}}\·\stackrel{\→}{B})---\left(3\right)$

Here It is the angle between the direction of electric charge directed movement direction and magnetic-field intensity.This power just is called " Lorentz force ",

Its direction is perpendicular to vector

With

The plane that is determined.Obviously, when this angle equaled 90 °, following formula can be write as

df＝enυsBdl (4)

In this section of dl conductor, remain the charged particle of dn=nsdl motion.If we think that the suffered magnetic field force of this section current is exactly magnetic field and passes to conductor via the charged particle of these directed movements, then the power that is subjected in magnetic field of each moving charged particle should be

$f_1=\frac{\mathrm{df}}{\mathrm{dn}}=\mathrm{e\υ}B\sin (\stackrel{\→}{\mathrm{\υ}}\·\stackrel{\→}{B})---\left(5\right)$

This power just is called " Lorentz force ".Here, no matter the particle band is positive charge or negative charge, and their points relationship all is satisfied with " right-hand rule ".And the vector correlation between Lorentz force and sense of current and the magnetic direction can be represented with following vector equation:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{\→}{f_{+}}=e\stackrel{\→}{\mathrm{\υ}}\×\stackrel{\→}{B}\\ \stackrel{\→}{f_{-}}=-e\stackrel{\→}{\mathrm{\υ}}\×\stackrel{\→}{B}\end{array}\right.---\left(6\right)$

This that is to say that the force direction that is subjected to of following formula representative depends on the positive and negative of electric charge itself.Because Lorentz force is vertical with the sense of motion of charged particle,, and can only change the motion path of particle itself so this power is not in fact done work to charged particle.

(3) principle of propeller experimental results show that

Be provided with a toroidal container, the bottom is that insulating material is made, and the outside of container is made by metallic conductor, and at the coaxial electrode of the cylindricality of central mounting of this container.In this container, inject the electrolyte (for example seawater) of liquid then.And respectively the both positive and negative polarity of a direct supply is connected on the cylindrical electrode at the outer wall of container and center.When adding vdc between the two poles of the earth, the negative ions in the battery acid is (as the Na in the seawater ⁺And Cl ^-) just under the effect of electric field force, motion and near the two poles of the earth in the opposite direction respectively.Such as the cylindrical electrode at center is connected to the positive pole of battery, and the wall of container in the outside is connected to the negative pole of battery, Cl so ^-Ion will be from all quarter to central motion, and Na ⁺Ion will be close to wall of container radially.As a result, formed electric current by this electrolyte.

If this container lay pair of permanent magnets up and down, allow its magnetic line of force vertically pass electrolyte in the container.So, under the effect of Lorentz force, the charged particle of motion will change its sense of motion.Prove that by relational expression (5) two kinds of force directions that are subjected to that have the particle of different electric charges are identical.So the battery acid in the container will be under the effect of Lorentz force, around the cylindrical electrode of container center along identical direction fast rotational (referring to Fig. 1).

Three summary of the invention

Based on above-mentioned experimental fact, we can remove the bottom of container, and form the hard ware of a cylinder type.Use insulating material as support simultaneously, relatively fixing the electrode at cylinder and center.Respectively lay a permanent magnet at the two ends of cylinder, north and south two magnetic poles of magnet are relative, make the direction of magnetic line of force be parallel to the axis of cylinder.Placing among the seawater this device level then.Must point out that this permanent magnet must be made and can guarantee that seawater is straightway and entered and flowed out by the back by the front.Simultaneously, install breather vane (referring to Fig. 2) that make, that have certain width by the insulating material of suitable thickness, the screw type shape at the sidewall of this cylinder.So, after the logical upward direct current (DC) in cylinder the two poles of the earth, be battery acid (seawater) originally around the cylindrical electrode high speed revolution, under the effect of screw type breather vane, change of direction is flowed out rotatably backward.The current that this high speed flows out react on this device, thereby make its high-revolving travelling forward.If this device is fixed on the appropriate location of ship stern bottom or both sides, has just constituted a kind of later-model " seagoing-ship propeller ".If this device is installed in the inside of torpedo and uses storage battery power supply, just constituted a kind of novel torpedo.

Four description of drawings

Fig. 1. electromagnetic force propelling unit principle of work scheme drawing

A: columnar electrode; B: the cylinder of conduction; C: direct supply; D: the electrolyte of conduction (as seawater); The permanent magnet that E is extremely relative with S with the F:N utmost point.

Fig. 2. electromagnetic force propelling unit inner structure scheme drawing

A: high-strength corrosion-resisting and nonconducting permanent magnet; B: conduction (as the corrosion-resistant steel) cylinder of anti-sea corrosion; C: resistant to corrosion cylindrical electrode; D: the spiral fashion breather vane of making by insulating material; E: the housing of high-strength insulating material injection mo(u)lding; F: the nozzle of high-velocity flow; G: fleetline propelling unit shell; J: the chamber is pressed in storage; K: stream line pattern streamlined reefer housing; L: the filter mantle of floating marine thing.

Fig. 3. the structural representation of permanent magnet

A: front elevation; B: birds-eye view; C: lateral plan; D: the passage of seawater.

Five specific embodiments

With the corrosion-resistant steel of seawater corrosion resistance respectively as the cylinder electrode and the center cylindrical electrode in the outside., and the screw-shaped breather vane is embedded between cylinder and the contre electrode as the framework of fixing two kinds of electrodes with the plastics of high-strength corrosion-resisting.Make the permanent magnet (referring to Fig. 3) that has " honeycomb coaly " hole with permanent-magnet materials again, flow into the back outflow by the front to guarantee that seawater is straightway with high magnetic field intensity.Permanent magnet requires to make with insulating material, perhaps will guarantee the insulation between it and two electrodes.The magnetic-field intensity of permanent magnet is high more good more.The South Pole of two magnet and the arctic relatively are fixed on the appropriate location at cylinder two ends, and connect the outer end of two magnet with certain thickness soft magnetic material, constitute the loop so that the magnetic line of force at two ends docks smoothly.The part that accelerating cavity is later is designed to a kind of spray form of pressure storage type.

If this device is mounted on the large vessel (or Submarine), its direct supply can utilize the DC generation unit to provide.If be installed on the torpedo, can directly use storage battery power supply.

This device by adjusting the voltage of DC power-supply system, just can reach the purpose of regulating ship speed as the propulsion equipment of seagoing vessel.If with this device full circle swinging be fixed on the appropriate location of ship stern bottom or both sides, just reached the purpose of controlling ship course by the angle of controlling propelling unit and boats and ships midship line.

This propulsion plant is not only controlled simply, and cancelled boats and ships jackshaft, thrust axis, stern tube shaft, rudder and steering gear and Large-scale component and the equipment such as steering control system, thus greatly reduce shipbuilding cost. Especially, this device itself has structure Simply, cheap, control conveniently, the propulsive efficiency height, do not have noise (this point is suitable for submarine), maintenance side Just wait plurality of advantages. Therefore, no matter be on civilian or in army, to use, all be comparatively desirable marine propulsion plant.

Claims (4)

1. use this propelling unit can cancel vitals and equipment such as the tween drive shaft of boats and ships, thrust shaft, stern tube shaft, Rudder and Steering Gear, steering control system, thereby shipbuilding cost is greatly reduced.This apparatus structure is simple, cheap, control conveniently, do not have noise, mechanical efficiency height, and the propelling unit that therefore can be used for various seat transport ships and military torpedo uses.

2. when this device was installed on seagoing vessel or the submarine, available DC generation unit was powered, and can use storage battery power supply when being installed on the torpedo.

3. by adjusting the voltage of DC power-supply system, just can regulate the speed of a ship or plane of boats and ships.

4. this device can be fixed on to full circle swinging the bottom or the both sides of ship stern, handles the angle of this device and hull midship line, has just reached the purpose of controlling ship course.

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