CN1836497A

CN1836497A - Widely-adaptive hybrid rice selection and breeding method

Info

Publication number: CN1836497A
Application number: CN 200510031878
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓启云
Original assignee: Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
Current assignee: Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
Priority date: 2005-07-18
Filing date: 2005-07-18
Publication date: 2006-09-27

Abstract

The eurytopic rice hybrid selectively breeding method is one conventional rice hybrid method with eurytopic light-temperature sensitive sterile line as female parent and rice male fertile variety as male parent. The eurytopic light-temperature sensitive sterile line is eurytopic light-temperature sensitive sterile line Y58S or light-temperature sensitive sterile line obtained with eurytopic light-temperature sensitive sterile line Y58S as parent. The rice male fertile variety is conventional rice variety, rice hybrid restoring line, or rice variety obtained with the conventional rice variety or the rice hybrid restoring line through hybridizing or backcross. The eurytopic rice hybrid may be used in various rice areas of different ecological conditions to obtain high yield.

Description

The selection of a kind of eurytopicity hybrid rice

Technical field

The present invention relates to the selection of a kind of eurytopicity high-yield hybrid paddy rice, belong to the new variety of plant breeding technical field.

Background technology

Paddy rice be in the world, one of most important cereal crops in Asia area particularly.Because global population constantly increases and arable area constantly reduces, it is the theme that current rice does scientific research all the time that paddy rice continues yield-increasing technology research.Past 30 is for many years making significant progress aspect the genetic improvement of rice yield traits.The seventies in 20th century, research success and the large tracts of land of China hybrid rice were promoted the once leap that has more brought China's rice yield.Hybrid rice is generally increased production more than 20% than conventional rice kind, but the concrete output of each hybrid rice combination is also not the same in each ecotope performance, can reach 700 kilograms/mu such as super high-yielding hybrid rice " two line system " at Rucheng County, Hunan per unit area yield, can reach 1000 kilograms/mu in the Yongsheng County, Yunnan, and just have only the 500-600 kilogram in some zone of western Hunan autonomous prefecture, if even Lake Dongting area heading productive phase meet megathermal climate and may have only 200-300 kilogram/mu.Especially the super high-yielding breeding of paddy rice, when constantly improveing yield potentiality, the enhancing kind seems very important to the extensive adaptability of various ecological adverse environmental factors.According to Xu Zhengjin, Chen Wenfu and a nineteen ninety in dragon step, Japan is the country that carries out super hybridization rice research the earliest, but why succeeds yet so far, and mainly crux is the varietal adaptation problem.In fact, 5 super high-yielding kinds were once bred in the super hybridization rice plan of Japan, and small size is planted experimentally extremely successful, but afterwards all because these kinds fail large tracts of land having problem aspect cold resistance, quality and the ripening rate and promote.

Again according to Cui Yang Ren in 1996 the 2nd phase of " world agriculture " magazine deliver be entitled as " the super hybridization rice breeding of International Rice Research Institute ", the International Rice Research Institute once announced its super hybridization rice breeding achieving success to the world in 1994, some product tie up to small size and produce than output in the test above promoting the use of fine strains 20～30%, afterwards also because the reason of annidation difference, fail large tracts of land so far to promote.

According in recent years relevant of " rice in China science " and technical magazines such as " hybrid rice ", China's super hybridization rice breeding reached first phase target in 2000, reached second phase target again in 2004, had obtained immense success.This mainly is because the result that the technology path that Chinese Yuan Longping academician " form improvement and hybrid vigour " combines instructs.But promote through large tracts of land in recent years, occurred some new problems again.The problem of some super high-yielding hybrid rice kind productive phase non-refractory for example, under the summer high temperature condition of calendar year 2001 and 2003, ripening rate significantly reduces, and causes the serious underproduction in some areas; Some kind is blast resisting and false smut not, all is difficult to bring into play its super high-yielding potentiality in a lot of rice districts.The lesson of the Japanese and international paddy rice of absorption institute super hybridization rice breeding plan failure, and practice the following super hybridization rice development tactics of The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA about " explore the third phase, the in-depth second phase, promote the first phase ", the seed selection that must establish eurytopicity super high-yielding hybrid rice is the main target of present stage super hybridization rice breeding.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, deficiency at the prior art existence, propose the selection of a kind of eurytopicity hybrid rice, utilize this method can cultivate the combination of the wide hybrid rice of annidation, the large tracts of land that helps hybrid rice promotes and peasant's volume increase, increase income.

Technical solution of the present invention is, the selection of described eurytopicity hybrid rice is to be female parent with the eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line, and can educate kind (strain) with rice male is that male parent is hybridized combo, then by the breeding of hybrid rice conventional breeding method.

Described eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line promptly is eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line Y58S, or is the parent with Y58S by hybridizing or the photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line of back cross breeding approach seed selection.

And described rice male can to educate kind (strain) can be the conventional rice kind, corn rice (claiming the genetic engineering rice again), special blue or green for example; Also can be hybrid rice restoring line, for example 9311, among extensive 838, the R402 of E32, bright extensive 63, bright extensive 86, bright extensive 77, spoke, wide by 122, salt extensive 559 and continuous extensive 725 any one; Can also be to adopt above-mentioned conventional rice kind or hybrid rice restoring line as the kind (strain) of parent by hybridization or the seed selection of back cross breeding approach.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the selection of eurytopicity hybrid rice of the present invention belongs to the new variety of plant breeding technique, the eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line Y58S that it adopts independent intellectual property right to cultivate is maternal, with two be or three be to recover male-fertile kind (strain) such as system to carry out the test cross combo, make up thereby select hybrid rice with extensive annidation.Because China is vast in territory, each rice district ecological condition differs very big, promote this eurytopicity hybrid rice by cultivation and large tracts of land and can further improve the especially output of super hybrid rice of hybrid rice, in theory still in practice, all have important practical significance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the outdoor scene photo of the excellent No. 1 maturing stage field appearance situation of the Y of embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the outdoor scene photo of the excellent No. 4 maturing stage field appearance situations of the Y of embodiment 2.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: with leaf good, the disease-resistant strong stress resistance of strain, coordinate force is strong, critical temperature of sterility is low, outcrossing seed-setting rate is high eurytopicity long-grained nonglutinous rice photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line Y58S is female parent, can educate with rice male that kind, two-line hybrid rice recover is 9311 to be that male parent is hybridized combo, then, promptly get eurytopicity super high-yielding hybrid rice combination-Y excellent No. 1 by the breeding of hybrid rice conventional breeding method.

This kind was had outstanding performance in Hunan Province's super hybridization rice regional test in 2004, and referring to Fig. 1, per unit area yield reaches 9.52t/hm ², than the two line system volume increase 11.2% of super hybridization rice check variety.

Embodiment 2: with eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line Y58S is female parent, can educate with rice male that kind, series of three-series hybrid rice recover is bright extensive 86 to be that male parent is hybridized combo, then, promptly get eurytopicity super high-yielding hybrid rice combination-Y excellent No. 4 by the breeding of hybrid rice conventional breeding method.

This kind is in variety comparative test in 2003, and referring to Fig. 2, yield per unit area is than with ripe phase check variety Shanyou 63 volume increase 9.65%.

Claims

1, the selection of a kind of eurytopicity hybrid rice, this method are to be female parent with the eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line, and can educate kind with rice male is that male parent is hybridized combo, then by the breeding of hybrid rice conventional breeding method.

2, the selection of eurytopicity hybrid rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line promptly is eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line Y58S, or is the parent by hybridizing or the photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line of back cross breeding approach seed selection with described eurytopicity photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line Y58S.

3, the selection of eurytopicity hybrid rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it promptly is the conventional rice kind that described rice male can be educated kind, or hybrid rice restoring line, or adopt above-mentioned conventional rice kind or hybrid rice restoring line as the kind of parent by hybridization or the seed selection of back cross breeding approach.