CN1836461A - 通过发送否定判定值和附加的肯定判定值来选择可供使用的传输信道的方法以及相应的基站、移动终端设备和移动无线网 - Google Patents

通过发送否定判定值和附加的肯定判定值来选择可供使用的传输信道的方法以及相应的基站、移动终端设备和移动无线网 Download PDF

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CN1836461A
CN1836461A CNA200480023688XA CN200480023688A CN1836461A CN 1836461 A CN1836461 A CN 1836461A CN A200480023688X A CNA200480023688X A CN A200480023688XA CN 200480023688 A CN200480023688 A CN 200480023688A CN 1836461 A CN1836461 A CN 1836461A
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decision content
terminal equipment
transmission channel
base station
message
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CN100466854C (zh
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M·比纳斯
T·戈特沙尔克
N·施瓦曼
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Abstract

讲述一种用于选择传输信道以便从移动终端设备向基站传输消息(N)的方法，其中所述终端设备向所述基站发送一个用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号(AP)，以及所述基站发送一个包括一第一判定值(ACK，NACK)的应答信号(AWS)。由此通知该终端设备它是否被授权在所询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)。如果所述终端设备被授权在另一个传输信道上发送消息(N)，则所述基站在传输一第一否定判定值(NACK)时利用所述的应答信号(AWS)发送一第二肯定判定值(ACK2)。所述终端设备在检测到第一否定判定值(NACK)时如此地进一步分析该应答信号(AWS)，看该应答信号中是否包含有第二肯定判定值(ACK2)，以及哪些另外的传输信道可供使用，然后在可供使用的传输信道之一上发送所述消息(N)。

Description

通过发送否定判定值和附加的肯定 判定值来选择可供使用的传输信道的方法 以及相应的基站、移动终端设备和移动无线网
本发明涉及用于选择传输信道以便从移动终端设备向基站传输消息的方法，其中终端设备首先向基站发送一个用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号，然后基站向终端设备发送一个应答信号，该应答信号包括一第一判定值，利用该第一判定值通知该终端设备：它是否被授权在所询问的传输信道上发送消息。另外，本发明还涉及能被用于执行这种方法的相应终端设备和基站。
在蜂窝移动无线系统中，移动终端设备(以下也称终端、移动无线设备或“用户设备”(UE))和移动无线网之间的通信连接通过所谓的基站来建立，该基站通过一个或多个无线信道服务于某个圆周内-在所谓的小区内-的移动无线用户。这种基站-在UMTS(通用移动电信系统)标准中也被称为“节点B”-在移动无线网和移动终端设备之间提供原本的无线电接口。该基站承担着与其小区内的各个移动用户展开无线电工作，并监视物理的无线连接。此外，该基站还向终端设备传输网络消息和状态消息。
这种基站必须具有至少一个带有合适天线装置的发送/接收单元以及一个处理装置，由该处理装置控制基站内的不同处理。同样，各个终端设备必须分别相应地具有带有合适天线装置的发送/接收单元，以及分别具有相应的处理装置，由该处理装置控制各个终端设备内的不同处理。
在移动无线电中区分了两种连接方向。前向(下行链路DL)描述了从基站到终端设备的方向，后向(上行链路UL)描述了从终端设备到基站的方向。在此，通常在每个方向中存在多个不同的传输信道。在更现代的移动无线标准中，例如UMTS标准，为传输数据存在两种所谓的传送信道：其一是所谓的“专用信道”(被分配的信道)，其二是所谓的“公共信道”(公用信道)。专用信道仅仅被预留用于针对或来自某个终端设备的信息传输。这种资源例如可以通过确定的频率或在利用所谓的CDMA方法(CDMA＝码分多址；代码划分的多路接入)工作的系统中通过采用同一频率上的不同扩展码来实现。在公共信道上，可以从基站传输被考虑用于所有终端的信息，或者这些信道可以由不同终端设备共享，其中每个终端设备只是短时间地利用该信道。
有意义的是，在这种小区内的无线电业务必须在不同的终端设备和基站之间进行组织，使得基站在其负荷方面能够处理所有的数据，和/或尽可能地避免不同的终端设备同时在相同的信道上向基站发送并从而产生冲突。为此应该以某一方式确定：哪个终端设备何时可以在哪个传输信道上向基站发送消息。为此，譬如执行本文开头所述的过程。
传输信道的这种选择过程的典型例子是UMTS标准中的所谓的随机接入方法(随机接入过程)。借助于该方法确定：哪个终端设备可以在哪个逻辑传输信道上向基站发送短消息，以便比如询问是否能通过有关的基站建立通话，或以便例如向基站发送一个短的状态信息。这里可以这样来理解概念“逻辑信道”，即终端设备本身使用同一个物理的公共上行链路信道，其中该终端设备使用不同的信道化代码(所谓的“Channelization Codes”)。基站可以借助于该信道化代码来区分不同终端设备在该物理的公共信道上所发送的消息和信号，就好象它们是在不同的信道上被发送的一样。所使用的公共信道具体涉及所谓的“PRACH”(物理随机接入信道)。在目前的UMTS标准中，在PRACH中现在提供了16种不同的信道化代码可供使用，也即在PRACH上实现了16种不同的逻辑传输信道。
在移动终端设备例如在进入某个小区时使用PRACH之前，该终端设备不知道哪些信道化代码目前正被该小区的其它移动终端设备使用，以及哪些是空闲的。因此该终端设备象本文开头所述的那样首先向基站发送一个发送授权信号-在UMTS标准中被称为“接入报头”。该接入报头被唯一地分配给某个信道化代码或某个逻辑传输信道。然后由基站发送一个应答信号，该应答信号要么包括一个确认、即该设备可以利用该信道化代码发送消息，要么利用该应答信号拒绝利用该信道化代码发送消息。在此，该信令利用单个的判定值来实现-在UMTS标准中为“捕获指示”的形式。该捕获指示在特定的下行链路信道、也即所谓的AICH(捕获指示信道)上从基站被发送给终端设备。所述AICH-如同PRACH一样-涉及一个可以由所有终端设备接收的公共信道。该捕获指示在传输时与某个特征标符号序列相乘，该特征标符号序列又被唯一地分配给该终端设备已预先为其发送了所述发送授权询问信号的有关信道化代码，这样，有关的终端设备便知道它是被允许还是被拒绝利用该信道化代码发送消息。
在用于执行随机接入方法的目前标准中，终端设备通过被某个小区的基站持续发送的公用的公共信道BCH(广播信道)来获得关于可供使用的信道化代码的信息和关于何时及究竟如何才能向基站发送一个发送授权询问信号的必要信息。然后，移动无线设备可以从被提供给该移动无线设备的可能信道化代码或逻辑信道中选择任一个，并利用某个发送功率发送所述用于询问该确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号。如果在某个时间之后没有应答信号到达，则该移动无线设备利用提高的功率重新发送一个发送授权询问信号并询问另一个传输信道。然后，如果移动无线设备收到一个具有肯定的第一判定值的应答信号，则它最终在所询问的传输信道上-也即利用PRACH上的确定信道化代码-向基站发送消息。在否定的判定值的情况下，从头开始该过程，也即终端设备向基站发送另一个发送授权询问以询问另一个传输信道。
只要很少导致基站根据发送授权询问信号发送否定的判定值，也即拒绝在有关的传输信道上传输，则该方法是可接受的。例如在以下情况中便是如此：只有当基站过载和不能处理其它数据时才发送否定的判定值。但只要基站的负荷进一步提高，或当使用以下方法时，则否定的判定值的数量会大大增加，其中该方法是：还为某些终端设备将某些传输信道释放某个时间以避免冲突。在该情形下，所述的方法是无效的，因为终端设备必须单个地通过发送合适的发送授权询问信号来询问各个可能的传输信道。
本发明的任务在于，如此改善本文开头所述的那种方法，使得能够以尽可能少的信令花费、更快和更有效地给移动终端设备提供一个用于向基站发送消息的传输信道，以及提供用于执行这种更有效的传输信道选择方法的相应基站和移动无线设备。
该任务通过以下方式来解决，如果所述终端设备被授权在另一个传输信道上发送消息，则所述基站在传输一第一否定判定值时利用所述的应答信号向所述终端设备发送一第二肯定判定值，其中所述第一否定判定值是被用来拒绝所述终端设备在被询问的传输信道上发送消息的。然后所述终端设备在检测到所述应答信号中的第一否定判定值时如此地进一步分析该应答信号，看该应答信号中是否包含有这种第二肯定判定值，以及哪些另外的传输信道在当前可供使用，也即没有被占用。接着，所述终端设备然后在可供使用的传输信道之一上向所述基站发送所述消息。
该方法具有巨大的优点：只要还有另外的传输信道可被提供用于当前向基站发送消息，但有关的终端设备恰好没有针对这些传输信道发送所述的发送授权询问信号，那么就不会简单地导致发送授权询问信号的单纯的被拒绝。替而代之的是，终端设备可以在另外的空闲传输信道上发送，而不用重新发送一个发送授权询问信号。由此使得选择方法变得更快。此外也避免了不必要的数据业务被用于移动无线设备的更多询问。
从基站方面来看，所述的方法是这样的：所述基站从所述终端设备首先接收一个用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号，然后向所述终端设备发送一个包括有关判定值的应答信号。在此，如果所述终端设备被授权在另一个传输信道上发送消息，则所述基站在传输一第一否定判定值时利用所述的应答信号向所述终端设备发送一第二肯定判定值。为此，本发明的基站必须具有一处理装置，该处理装置含有用于选择传输信道的相应装置。这里包括一解码装置，用于识别从终端设备发送的用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号，还包括一信道释放装置，用于测定当前可以被提供用于发送消息的那些传输信道。另外还需要一编码装置，用于向所述终端设备发送一个包括有关第一判定值的应答信号。在此，所述处理装置必须被构造使得：如果所述终端设备被授权在另一个信道上发送消息，则在传输第一否定判定值时相应地利用所述的应答信号向所述终端设备发送一第二肯定判定值。所述用于选择传输信道的装置、尤其是解码装置、信道释放装置和编码装置优选地以软件形式被实现在基站的所述处理装置中。
从移动无线设备方面来看，所述的方法是这样的：所述终端设备首先以常规方式向所述基站发送一个发送授权询问信号，然后从所述基站接收一个应答信号，最后在该应答信号中检测一第一判定值。只要所述终端设备检测到一第一否定判定值，便如此地分析该应答信号，看该应答信号中是否包含有被用来通知该终端设备被允许在另一传输信道上发送消息的第二肯定判定值，以及哪些另外的传输信道可供使用。接着，所述终端设备在可供使用的传输信道之一上发送所述消息。为此，该移动无线设备必须具有一处理装置，该处理装置具有用于选择传输信道的装置，后者包括用于产生发送授权询问信号的授权询问装置以及用于解码从所述基站发来的应答信号的解码装置。在此，所述的解码装置必须被构造使得：在检测到所述第一否定判定值时相应地进一步分析该应答信号，以便找到可能的第二肯定判定值和检查哪些另外的传输信道可供用于此。所述处理装置必须被构造使得然后在可供使用的另外的传输信道之一上发送所述消息。所述用于在移动无线设备中选择传输信道的装置、尤其是授权询问装置和解码装置优选地以软件形式被实现在移动无线设备的所述处理装置中。
该方法原则上可以应用于各种类型的传输信道。也就是说，该方法例如可被用来选择多个物理传输信道中的一个。但基本的应用在于，选择多个逻辑传输信道中的一个，这些逻辑传输信道通过采用不同的信道化代码被实现在由多个终端设备共同用来向基站传输消息的物理传输信道上。尤其是，该方法适合于改善本文开头所述的遵照目前UMTS标准的随机接入方法。
从属权利要求分别包含有本发明方法的非常优选的改进和扩展，其中涉及移动终端设备、基站和移动无线网的装置权利要求可以根据方法权利要求被改进。
在尤其优选的实施例中，所述应答信号包含有明确的信道状态信息，利用该信道状态信息通知有关的终端设备哪些另外的传输信道可供用于发送消息。替换地和附加地，所述终端设备也可以如此地解码所述的应答信号，看它是否含有用于其它终端设备的其它肯定和否定判定值。其先决条件是，所述应答信号在一个能被所有终端设备解码的公共下行链路信道上被发送，而且同时可以包含有不同终端设备的发送授权询问信号用的判定值，例如在AICH就是这种情况。
尤其优选的是，如此地编码所述应答信号内的可能被发送的第二判定值和/或所述信道状态信息，使得不管一确定的应答信号究竟是否包含有第二判定值和/或明确的信道状态信息，所述第一判定值也能不变地由所述终端设备在应答信号中解码。也就是说，附加被传输的信息的编码如此地进行，使得迄今被发送的应答信号的编码不变。就上文多次提到的UMTS标准中的随机接入方法而言，这意味着，例如捕获指示象迄今一样根据惯常的UMTS规程(3GPP TS 25.211或TS 25.213Release 99)被发送。这有个优点，就是整个方法向下是兼容的，使得没有被装配用来执行本发明方法的终端设备也可以依旧以惯常的方式解码应答信号和检测第一判定值。相反，利用按照本发明方法工作的终端设备也可以从不发送第二判定值的基站接收应答信号，因为该基站没有被相应地装配。
如开头已述，例如在UMTS方法中，被用作判定值的捕获指示是在AICH上进行传送的，其中，为了编码捕获指示，将该捕获指示与一个被分配给所述发送授权询问信号或所请求的信道化代码的特征标符号序列相乘。这就是说，存在某个特征标符号序列集被用来编码所述应答信号中的第一判定值。该集中的各个特征标符号序列分别是相互正交的。为了编码所述的第二判定值和/或信道状态信息使得第一判定值可以与此无关地被解码，所述第二肯定判定值和/或所述信道状态信息优选地借助于一个特征标符号序列在应答信号被编码，所述的特征标符号序列与被用于编码所述第一判定值的特征标符号序列的所述第一集是正交的。
由此，可以优选地通过将第一特征标符号序列集的特征标符号序列的每第二个符号乘以“-1”，来产生用于编码所述第二肯定判定值和/或所述信道状态信息的这种特征标符号序列。从而自动地生成与第一特征标符号序列集正交的新特征标符号序列。
原则上可以的是，只有当其需要被用来编码所述第二肯定判定值和/或所述信道状态信息时，基站才分别产生一个与第一特征标符号序列集相正交的特征标符号序列。为此，基站或其编码装置必须具有相应的符号序列产生单元，用于相应地编码所述第二肯定判定值和/或所述信道状态信息。同样，所述终端设备也必须具有相应的符号序列产生单元用于编码。
但优选的是，在基站或终端设备的相应存储装置中分别已经寄存特征标符号序列的一个完整的第二集，其中该第二特征标符号序列集的特征标符号序列是相互正交的，而且与第一特征标符号序列集的所有特征标符号序列也是正交的。在此，该第二特征标符号序列集的特征标符号序列可以分别由第一特征标符号序列集的特征标符号序列通过给每第二个符号乘以“-1”而产生。
为了传输所述的第二肯定判定值和信道状态信息，存在不同的可能性。
在第一种方法中，所述第二肯定判定值与所述信道状态信息一起在一个符号串内被传输，该符号串利用一确定的、与所述第一特征标符号序列集相正交的特征标符号序列被编码，例如利用该第二特征标符号序列集的特征标符号序列被编码。
在此，尤其优选地采用一个被固定地分配给相应基站的特征标符号序列，其中注意到相邻的基站采用两个不同的特征标符号序列。
在一种替代方法中，所述第二肯定判定值针对一确定的终端设备单独地利用一确定的、与所述第一特征标符号序列集相正交的特征标符号序列被编码，该特征标符号序列被分配给有关终端设备预先已向基站发送一个发送授权询问信号进行询问过的那个传输信道。
另外，所述应答信号于是可以包括一第二否定判定值作为在有关的时刻被占用的每个传输信道的信道状态信息。在此，根据第一种变型方案，所述第二否定判定值分别利用第一特征标符号序列集中的被分配给被占用的有关传输信道的特征标符号序列进行编码。相反，在第二种变型方案种，所述第二否定判定值分别利用特征标符号序列第二集中的又被分配给被占用的有关传输信道的特征标符号序列进行编码。
下面通过参照附图借助于实施例来再次详述本发明。
图1示出了按照现有技术在UMTS标准中的AICH信道结构示意图，
图2示出了在发回一个否定判定值时按照现有技术的随机接入方法的过程示意图，
图3示出了在发回一个肯定判定值时按照现有技术的随机接入方法的过程示意图，
图4示出了一个表格，其具有16个不同的、相互正交的报头特征标符号序列Ps以用于在UMTS方法中编码接入报头，
图5示出了一个表格，其具有16个相互正交的AICH特征标符号序列bs以用于在UMTS方法中编码捕获指示，
图6示出了在目前UMTS标准中的随机接入方法中形成应答信号的示意图，
图7示出了在UMTS方法中的PRACH信道上发送不同长度的消息的示意图，
图8示出了根据第一实施例的本发明随机接入方法的示意图，
图9示出了一个表格，其具有第二AICH特征标符号序列集的16个相互正交的AICH特征标符号序列，
图10示出了在图8所示的随机接入方法中形成应答信号的示意图，
图11示出了根据第二实施例的本发明随机接入方法的示意图，
图12示出了在图11所示的随机接入方法中形成应答信号的第一变型方案的示意图，
图13示出了在图11所示的随机接入方法中形成应答信号的第二变型方案的示意图。
所有在附图中所示的本发明实施例涉及UMTS标准的FDD模式(频分双工模式，频分双工方法)中的按照本发明的随机接入方法改进。但本发明不局限于该应用。
在UMTS移动无线网中，多个移动无线设备可以同时在一个频率上在上行链路中发送，或由基站在下行链路中服务。这通过以下方式实现：通过采用相互正交的不同扩展码来扩展信号的带宽，并由此在一个频率上产生不同的物理信道。
如果上文所述，在UMTS标准中存在被固定地分配给各个设备的所谓的“专用信道”和由多个终端设备使用的所谓的“公共信道”。在上行链路范围中的这种公共信道是所谓的PRACH，各个终端设备短时间地利用该PRACH向基站发送消息，譬如询问建立通话。在物理信道PRACH上映射了传送信道RACH(随机接入信道)。在某个小区内、也即某个基站内，该PRACH被分配了一个完全确定的扰码。同样，上行链路中的每个专用信道也有自己的扰码。
在下行链路方面同样有不同的公共信道，例如上文已述的BCH和AICH。
AICH被划分成20ms长的所谓的“无线帧”(无线窗口)RF。一个无线帧又包括15个所谓的接入时隙AS。这针对AICH被示于图1中。每个接入时隙AS包括5120个码片，其中目前只有4096个码片在传输中被使用，而1024个码片尚未被占用。在该4096个码片中总共设有32个实数值的符号a0，…，a31。PRACH的被用于发送接入报头的部分也以相应的方式构造。接入报头同样包括4096个码片，这些码片通过用因子256扩展长度为16的特征标来产生。PRACH消息部分被划分为长度为10ms的无线帧，其中一个无线帧由15个时隙组成。据此，一个时隙是一个接入时隙的一半长，并包括2560个码片。PRACH消息可以根据目前的现有技术为10或20ms长。
现在在图2和3中再次详细地描述了迄今在UMTS标准中所采用的随机接入方法，其中在图2中所描述的情况是，拒绝终端设备在被询问的信道上发送，在图3中所描述的情况是，产生一个肯定的发送确认。
该方法以以下方式开始：终端设备如此分析由基站持续发送的BCH：采用PRACH上的哪个扩展码用于该基站，哪些信道化代码Cs原则上可以由该小区内的有关终端设备使用，以及PRACH上的哪些接入时隙AS可供有关终端设备使用。在图2和3所示的实施例中，原则上信道化代码C1、C3和C5可以供终端设备使用。然后，终端设备任意地从可供使用的信道化代码C1、C3和C5中选择一个，并针对该代码在该终端设备被允许的某个接入时隙AS中向基站发送一个发送授权询问信号AP。所述发送授权询问信号(在以下也被称为接入报头AP)包括基站的PRACH的扰码和被分配给16个不同可能的信道化代码C0，...，C15的报头特征标P0，...，P15。
所述16个不同的报头特征标P0，...，P15在图4被示出。通过将属于某个信道化代码Cs的报头特征标Ps乘以PRACH的扰码(其中该报头特征标Ps被重复256次)，来产生所述的接入报头AP。
在图2和3所示的实施例中，终端设备以某个功率首先发送一个接入报头AP，该报头AP具有用于信道化代码C1的报头特征标P1。如果此后终端设备没有在AICH上收到应答信号，则以提高的功率在下一个可用的接入时隙AS中发送一个新的接入报头AP。在此，再次随机地选择一个新的报头特征标Ps。在所示的实施例中，这是报头特征标P5，也即针对信道化代码C5发送一个发送授权询问信号AP。
这样一直进行，直到最后在AICH上收到一个应答信号AWS。在该应答信号中包括一个所谓的捕获指示AIS(S＝0，..，15)作为判定值ACK，NACK。根据是否涉及肯定的判定值ACK(通过该判定值授权终端设备在被询问的信道上或利用被询问的信道化代码Cs发送)，或是否涉及否定的判定值NACK(利用该判定值拒绝用该信道化代码Cs发送)，该捕获指示AIS具有值“1”或“-1”。
在此，如此地形成所述的应答信号，使得相应的捕获指示AIS与一个所谓的AICH特征标符号序列bs相乘，其中每个特征标符号序列bs又恰好被分配给16个信道化代码中的一个Cs。通过捕获指示AIS与相应的AICH特征标符号序列bs相乘，终端设备知道所接收的判定值ACK、NACK或捕获指示AIS是否为对由其发送的接入报头AP的应答。
如图6所示，可以将最多16个不同的捕获指示与分别所属的AICH特征标符号序列bs相乘和随后相加，也就是说，最多可以将16个捕获指示AI同时在一个应答信号AWS中进行发送。在此，各个AICH特征标符号序列bs分别由32个值组成(见图5)。通过由捕获指示与所属的AICH特征标符号序列bs相乘得出的各个值的逐比特相加，产生32个AICH符号a0，…，a31，如图1所示。
如果基站在AICH上发送一个具有否定判定值ACK的应答信号AWS，则终端设备中断该方法。在图2所示的实施例中，这是一个具有值“-1”的相应捕获指示AI3，该捕获指示对应于预先由终端设备发送的接入报头P3。然后在某个时间之后，该终端设备再在被允许的接入时隙内利用随机选择的报头特征标P1、P3、P5向基站发送一个新的接入报头AP，也即重新开始该方法。如果相反地在应答信号中包含一个肯定的判定值ACK，在图3中该捕获指示AI3＝1，则终端设备在PRACH上利用被询问的信道化代码C3向基站发送所想要的消息N。
从图2和3可以立即看出，只要仅仅很少导致基站发送否定的判定值NACK，则该方法还是可以被接受的。根据目前的UMTS标准，就是这种情况，因为只有当基站的硬件再也不能处理其它数据时才发送否定的判定值NACK。PRACH上的消息冲突的机会因此是很低的。
但根据目前的标准，在PRACH上发送的消息只有10或20ms的长度。由此在相同的起始时刻开始的发向基站的不同终端设备的两个消息的冲突是很少的。对此参见图7。正如那里所示，用于接入报头的无线帧的时延是20ms，其中在一个无线帧内设有15个接入时隙AS。消息的开始可以一直只处在接入时隙AS的起始时刻。相反，为PRACH消息部分所采用的扰码具有10ms的长度。如果需发送的消息N1、N3、N5长于10ms，则该扰码通过重复被加长。这意味着，如果消息的起始时刻彼此相隔10ms或其整数倍，利用相同信道化代码CS发送的消息则不能由基站区分。在该情形下，同时的消息部分与扰码的相同片段进行逻辑连接，而且该消息对于基站再也不能区分。于是必须重新发送它们。因为在20ms的时帧内只有15个可能的起始时刻(接入时隙AS的起始时刻)，所以在10ms之后不可能产生PRACH消息的起始时刻。事实上只有在20ms之后才可能出现这种情况：消息N3与然后开始的并采用相同扰码及信道化代码的另一消息N1冲突。为了将最大的消息长度加长到超过20ms并由此也允许以更有效的方式在PRACH上发送更复杂的消息，需要更有效的信道管理。也就是说，应该检查哪些信道已经由另外的终端设备使用，也即被阻塞。但这种有效的信道管理必然会带来终端设备的发送授权询问信号的拒绝数量的上升。因此，一种更有效的用于选择传输信道或信道化代码CS以在PRACH信道上传输消息N的方法也肯定是有意义的。
因此，在所建议的本发明方法中，如果终端设备能够在另一个空闲信道上或利用另一个空闲的信道化代码发送消息N，那么，只要判定值是否定的，则除了第一判定值ACK、NACK外，另外还在必要时在应答信号中发送一个第二肯定判定值ACK2给终端设备。另外，在所示的实施例中，明确地给终端设备发送信道状态信息KI，终端设备借助于该信息然后可以确定哪个信道能被使用。这在图8被示意地给出。
正如该图与图2、3的比较所示，这里终端设备也分别多次利用具有不同报头特征标P1、P2、P5(这些报头特征标涉及不同的信道化代码C1、C2、C5)的相应接入报头AP询问基站：是否可以利用PRACH上的有关信道化代码C1、C2、C5发送消息N。如图2所示的实施例，这里也对最后一次采用了报头特征标P3的询问产生一个具有否定判定值NACK的基站应答信号AWS(这里又是AI3＝-1)。但另外在应答信号AWS中还包含一个第二肯定判定值ACK2和信道信息KI，利用该信道信息通知终端设备它可以利用信道化代码C5发送消息。然后，终端设备在接下来被允许的接入时隙中利用信道化代码C5发送消息N。利用这种方式，通过发送附加的信息避免了尽管存在空闲资源也拒绝PRACH的占用请求。
在此，所述的附加信息如此地在应答信号AWS中被解码，使得本方法对迄今的UMTS方法完全是向下兼容的。为此，定义16个新的附加AICH特征标符号序列b20，..，b215。该第二AICH特征标符号序列集b2的AICH特征标符号序列分别是相互正交的，并且与被迄今的捕获指示AI用来编码的第一AICH特征标符号序列集b的全部现有的AICH特征标符号序列b0，..，b15正交。该新的AICH特征标符号序列集b2在图9中被示出。如同与图5的比较所示，第二集b2的各个特征标符号序列b20，..，b215是通过以下方式形成的，即第一“正常的”特征标符号序列集b的相应特征标符号序列b20，..，b215的每第二个值的正负符号被反转，也即该值乘以“-1”。由于该第二特征标符号序列集b2与该第一特征标符号序列集b是正交的，所以可以利用该特征标符号序列b20，..，b215来编码附加信息，并且与迄今的信息一同被发送，而不会改变迄今的捕获指示AI的传输。其它的方法过程、尤其是接入报头AP的发送过程，与迄今的标准中是一样的。
对此，在图8和10中示出了用于向终端设备发送第二肯定判定值ACK2和必要信道信息KI的第一种可能性。
在该方法中，基站在移动无线设备询问到某个被占用的信道化代码CS(在图8中为代码C3)的情况下发送一个否定的判定值NACK，也即AI3＝1，这与现有技术恰好是一样的。另外发送一个信道状态信息KI，该信息由总共16个RACH状态指示RSI0，..，RSI15组成，其中每个状态指示RSIS(S＝0，..，15)恰好被分配给某个信道化代码Cs。如果状态指示RSIS＝-1，则意味着相应的信道化代码Cs被占用。状态指示RSIS＝0的意思是，所属的信道化代码Cs是空闲的。移动无线设备在所接收的否定的第一判定值NACK上可以识别属于被发送的报头特征标Ps’的信道化代码Cs’的状态。因此不需要在具有值“-1”的信道信息KI内发送所属的状态指示RSIS’。所以该状态指示RSIS’可以被用来给移动无线设备授予在空闲的信道化代码CS上发送消息的权利。也就是说，通过将有关的状态指示置为RSIS’＝1，利用该值发送一个第二肯定的判定值ACK2。
在此，如果基站同时在一个应答信号中在相同的接入时隙AS内给不同的终端设备发送多个否定的判定值NACK或肯定的判定值ACK，则另外还可以发送具有值“0”的所属状态指示RSI。通过进一步分析被发送的应答信号，有关的移动无线设备借助于为其它移动无线设备所确定的第一判定值NACK、ACK获得了该所属的信道化代码CS的状态。于是，尽管状态指示RSIS具有值“0”，但所属的CS已被占用。也就是说，分别被发送的第一判定值NACK、ACK被给予了比状态指示RSIS更高的优先级。
总之，只要向终端设备发送第一否定判定值NACK并且应该发送第二肯定判定值ACK2，则在该方法中必须传输最多16个不同的状态指示RSIS’…，RSI15。为此，图10示出了如何能在应答信号AWS中进行编码和向基站发送。由各个状态指示RSIS’…，RSI15形成一个长度为16的状态指示符号序列RS。然后，该符号序列RS可以利用所述第二AICH特征标符号序列集b2S中的AICH特征标符号序列b20，..，b215进行编码。由于该附加特征标符号序列与所述第一特征标符号序列集b的正交性，所产生的符号序列可以一起被相加，而不影响在应答信号AWS中被传送的第一判定值或捕获指示AI0，…，AI15。对此，只需要所述第二AICH特征标符号序列集b2中的单个的、原则上自由可选的特征标符号序列b2x，其中该特征标符号序列b2x被优选地分配给有关的基站。
在图8所示的具体实施例中，与被询问的信道化代码C3相对应的状态指示被置为RSI3＝1。这对应于肯定的第二判定值ACK2。另外，发送一个状态指示RSI1＝-1作为附加的信道状态信息KI，这意味着信道化代码C1同样被占用。由于一方面因第一否定判定值NACK而已经知道信道化代码C3也被占用且终端设备只有信道化代码C1、C5、C3可供使用，而另一方面已经利用第二肯定判定值ACK2通知终端设备它可以在空闲信道上进行发送，所以，只还剩下信道化代码C5被用于自由发送，然后由终端设备利用该信道化代码C5来发送消息N。
下面还要讲述，为了改变随机接入方法，在基站和终端设备自身内需要做何种修改：
在基站以具有报头特征标PS’的接入报头AP的形式接收了占用请求之后，它便检查PRACH的所属信道化代码CS’是否被占用。
如果信道化代码CS’空闲，则基站象现有技术一样发送一个捕获指示AIS’＝1。
如果信道化代码CS’被占用，基站则在AICH上发送一个NACK，也即一个捕获指示AIS’＝-1。在此，该捕获指示AIS’分别利用普通的第一特征标符号序列集b中的AICH特征标符号序列bS’进行发送，该特征标符号序列bS’属于由移动无线设备发送的报头特征标PS，并由此属于被占用的信道化代码CS’。
如果只有被询问的信道化代码CS’被占用，则除了NACK外还发送附加的状态指示符号序列RS。在此，只有属于该被询问的信道化代码CS’的RSIS’具有值“1”。这是所述的第二肯定判定值ACK2。所有其它的RSIS用值0发送，也即，在那里“什么也不”发送。移动无线设备由此识别出只有信道化代码CS’被占用，而且可以找出一个空闲的信道化代码CS并利用它来发送其消息N。
如果至少一个信道化代码CS空闲，而且除了被询问的信道化代码CS’之外还有其它的信道化代码CS”被占用，那么基站同样利用第一否定判定值NACK发送一个状态指示符号序列RS。属于被询问的信道化代码CS’的状态值RSIS’再次获得值“1”作为第二肯定判定值ACK2。属于被占用的信道化代码CS”的RSIS”(对于该RSIS”不向其它终端设备同时发送否定判定值ACK和肯定判定值NACK)获得值“-1”(CS”被占用)。所有其它的状态值RSIS获得值“0”(CS空闲)。为此，基站分别使用一个预先固定定义好的、来自所述第二特征标符号序列集b2中的特征标b2x。由于该附加的状态指示符号序列RS利用与AICH相同的扰码进行加扰，所以在逻辑上可以将该扰码视为AICH的一部分。
如果所有信道化代码被占用，则象普通方式一样只发送一个否定判定值NACK，不发送附加的状态指示符号序列RS。
在基站向终端设备发送一个状态指示符号序列RS之后，它在收到最后的接入报头之后用3或4个接入时隙等待一个来自于有关终端设备的具有未被占用的信道化代码之一CS的消息N。在此，由终端设备优先使用具有较小指数“S”的信道化代码CS。由此基站找寻所使用的信道化代码CS被加速了。基站尽可能最快地确定实际所使用的信道化代码CS，并在该移动无线设备发送其PRACH消息部分的时间间隔内禁止该信道化代码被用于其它的移动无线设备。
需要第二肯定判定值ACK2来表征被授权发送的移动无线设备。如果多个移动无线设备同时发送占用请求-其报头特征标PS’属于被占用的信道化代码CS’，那么，由此避免了所有的移动无线设备在收到第一否定判定值NACK之后开始发送消息。只有接收了属于“其”报头特征标PS’的第二肯定判定值ACK2的移动无线设备才可以开始发送消息。
对于移动无线设备，该方法可表示如下：
1.移动无线设备象现有技术一样解码从该小区那的基站发送的BCH，并且还接收被允许给它的接入时隙和报头特征标以及用于该接入报头的扰码。
2.移动无线设备象惯常一样从被允许给它的当中随机地选择一个接入时隙AS和一个报头特征标PS’，并以计算的功率发送一个相应的接入报头AP。
3.然后移动无线设备解码该AICH，并搜寻属于它的被发送的接入报头PS’的捕获指示AIS’，并存储所接收的AICH的信号，包括可能接收的状态指示符号串RS。
如果接收到第一肯定判定值ACK、也即AIS’＝1，则移动无线设备开始在发送最后的接入报头之后用3或4个接入时隙在具有属于最后被发送的报头特征标PS’的信道化代码CS’的PRACH上发送其消息N。清除AICH的被存储的信号。
如果接收到第一否定判定值NACK、也即AIS’＝-1，则移动无线设备分析被存储的信号中的状态指示符号串RS。具有值“-1”的每个状态指示RSIS”属于当前被占用的信道化代码CS。该信道化代码CS暂时从提供给该移动无线设备使用的信道化代码的列表中被删除。另外，还搜寻不属于被发送的报头特征标PS’的第一否定判定值NACK和第二肯定判定值ACK。所属的信道化代码同样被暂时删除。
于是产生以下可能性：
a)如果还存在可用的信道化代码CS，移动无线设备则选择该信道化代码。如果存在多个信道化代码CS，移动无线设备则选择具有最小指数“S”的信道化代码CS。接着，移动无线设备开始在发送最后的接入报头之后用3或4个接入时隙在具有所选的信道化代码的PRACH上发送其消息。
b)如果不存在可用的信道化代码CS，移动无线设备便终止接入尝试。
c)如果属于PS的状态指示RSIS没有以值“1”被接收，则移动无线设备同样终止接入尝试。当例如所有的信道化代码CS被占用时，或者当基站不支持该新的功能性时，就是这种情况。由此确保了具有新技术的移动无线设备与迄今现有技术的基站的兼容性。
4.如果没有接收到第一否定或肯定判定值ACK、NACK，则移动无线设备象迄今一样随机地从给允许给它的当中选择一个新的报头特征标，并在接下来可供其使用的接入时隙中以提高的功率发送一个新的接入报头AP。
在一种替代的方法中，在终端设备询问到一个被占用的信道化代码CS’的情况下，基站便与惯常一样发送常规的否定判定值NACK。另外，还发送一个或多个否定判定值NACK2，具体地说，反正只要还没有在应答信号AWS中发送一个合适的第一判定值ACK、NACK，对于被占用的每个其它的信道化代码CS”就都发送一个自己的否定判定值NACK2。这在图11中被示出。这里，根据对信道化代码C3(通过用报头特征标P3编码接入报头AP)的询问，以捕获指示AI3＝-1的形式发送普通的否定判定值NACK。另外还以第二捕获指示AI23＝1的形式发送一个第二肯定判定值ACK2。此外，只要有关的信道化代码CS”被占用，便为有关终端设备感兴趣的所有其它的信道CS”、这里是为信道化代码C1发送一个相应的捕获指示AI1。
在此，在任何情况下借助于第二集b2中的AICH特征标符号序列来编码所述的第二肯定判定值ACK2。相反，为了以附加的信道状态信息KI传输其余的捕获指示，可以选择性地采用第一集b的被分配给信道化代码C0，..，C15的相应特征标符号序列b0，..，b15-这如图12所示，或者采用第二集b2的特征标符号序列b20，..，b215-这如图13所示。
这就是说，在图12所示的变型方案中，只使用第二集b2的单个特征标符号序列b20，..，b215，并因此以附加的捕获指示AI3的形式发送第二肯定判定值ACK2。作为信道状态信息KI，否定的第一判定值AI0，..，AI15象惯常一样相应地利用第一集b的AICH特征标符号序列b0，..，b15进行编码，并由此形成应答信号AWS。
相反，在图13所示的变型方案中，所有的信道状态信息KI作为第二捕获指示AI20，..，AI215利用第二集b2的AICH特征标符号序列b20，..，b215进行编码，并与第一判定值或捕获指示在应答信号AWS中被发送。
为了执行该传输方法，在基站中进行如下修改：
基站在已接收具有报头特征标PS’的接入报头AP的形式的占用请求之后，它检查PRACH的所属信道化代码CS’是否被占用。
如果被询问的信道化代码CS’是空闲的，则基站以常规方式在AICH上发送一个第一肯定判定值ACK，也即AIS’＝1。
如果被询问的信道化代码CS’被占用，则基站以相同方式和以相同编码发送一个第一否定判定值NACK，也即AIS’＝-1。
如果其它的信道化代码CS”被占用，但至少一个信道化代码CS是空闲的，则基站针对每个被占用的其它信道化代码CS”在AICH上发送一个第二否定判定值NACK2。也即，基站利用属于当前被占用的该信道化代码CS”的AICH特征标符号序列发送一个值AIS”＝-1。
在第一变型方案中，基站从第一特征标符号序列集b中分别选出一个AICH特征标符号序列b0，..，b15来用于编码。该方法的优点是，当第一移动无线设备发送一个接入报头AP时，其报头特征标PS’属于一个被占用的信道化代码CS’，并且基站在该时刻以第二否定判定值NACK2的形式向另一个第二移动无线设备发送被占用的信道化代码CS”的集合。由此，即便基站还没有接收到第一移动无线设备的占用请求，也可以同时否定地确认该第一移动无线设备的占用请求。这缩短了在发送接入报头AP和接收否定判定值NACK之间的时间。
在第二变型方案中，从第二特征标符号序列集b2中分别选出一个特征标符号序列b20，..，b215。该方法的优点是，当第一移动无线设备发送一个接入报头AP时，其报头特征标PS’属于一个被占用的信道化代码CS’，并且基站在该时刻以第二否定判定值NACK2的形式向另一个移动无线设备发送被占用的信道化代码CS”的集合，第一移动无线设备的占用请求通过该第二否定判定值NACK2的接收而没有被否定地确认，因为这些第二否定判定值是利用新的特征标符号序列集b2中的AICH特征标符号序列b20，..，b215被发送的，而且第一移动无线设备等待一个具有第一特征标符号序列集b中的AICH特征标符号序列b0，..，b15的应答。在基站已理解第一移动无线设备的询问的时刻，被请求的信道化代码CS’可能再次空闲，使得该移动无线设备可以发送其消息。这减少了附加的随机接入尝试的数量。
如果至少一个信道化代码CS空闲，则基站利用第二集b2中的一个属于被接收的报头特征标Ps’的AICH特征标符号序列b2s’以附加的捕获指示AI2S’＝1的形式发送一个第二肯定判定值ACK2。
如果所有的信道化代码被占用，则利用常规的相应AICH特征标符号序列bs’仅仅发送第一否定判定值NACK，而不发送肯定的第二判定值ACK2。
在基站已经发送肯定的第二判定值ACK2之后，它在收到最后的接入报头AP之后用3或4个接入时隙来等待一个具有未被占用的信道化代码Cs的消息N。在该方法中仍再次采用具有较小指数“S”的信道化代码Cs，以便加速基站搜寻所使用的信道化代码Cs。基站尽可能最快地确定实际所使用的信道化代码CS，并在有关移动无线设备发送其PRACH消息部分N的时间间隔内禁止该信道化代码被用于其它的移动无线设备。
就移动无线设备而言，常规过程被修改如下：
1.移动无线设备象惯常一样解码从基站被发送给该小区的每个移动无线设备的BCH，以便获知其被允许的接入时隙AS和报头特征标PS以及用于接入报头AP的扰码。
2.移动无线设备象迄今一样从其被允许的当中随机地选择一个接入时隙AS和一个报头特征标PS’，并发送一个接入报头AP。
3.移动无线设备解码AICH，搜寻属于其被发送的接入报头PS’的捕获指示AIS’，并存储所接收的AICH的信号。于是，再次存在以下可能性：
a)如果接收到捕获指示AIS’＝1，移动无线设备便开始在发送最后的接入报头之后用3或4个接入时隙在具有信道化代码CS’的PRACH上发送其消息。清除被存储的AICH的信号。
b)如果接收到捕获指示AIS＝-1，基站便已经否定地确认了占用请求。于是移动无线设备在被存储的信号中寻找第二肯定判定值ACK2，也即寻找附加的捕获指示AI2S’＝1。
如果检测到第二肯定判定值ACK2，则检测被存储的信号中所包含的所有判定值NACK、NACK2、ACK。当前未被提供使用的信道化代码CS”属于该判定值NACK、NACK2、ACK中的每一个。该信道化代码CS”暂时从被提供给该移动无线设备使用的信道化代码的列表中删除。
如果还存在可用的信道化代码CS，移动无线设备便选择该信道化代码。如果存在多个信道化代码CS，移动无线设备便选择具有最小指数“S”的信道化代码。接着，移动无线设备在发送最后的接入报头之后用3和4个接入时隙在具有所选信道化代码CS的PRACH上发送其消息N。
如果不存在可用的信道化代码CS，则移动无线设备终止接入尝试。
如果没有检测到第二肯定判定值ACK2，则移动通信设备同样终止接入尝试。
4.如果根本就没有接收到应答信号AWS，移动无线设备便象惯常一样从其被允许的当中选择一个新的报头特征标PS’，并在下一个其可用的接入时隙中以提高的功率发送该新的接入报头AP。
通过采用本发明方法得到以下优点：
一个主要优点是，把PRACH用作为UMTS网内的可能资源变得更有效，因为只有当实际上再也没有PRACH资源空闲的时候，才会拒绝占用请求。代替拒绝占用请求，通知有关的移动无线设备：它可以替代地在哪个空闲信道上向基站发送其消息。另外，该方法还有个大优点，即按照迄今现有技术(也即按照目前适用地UMTS标准)工作的移动无线设备或基站可以不变地与各自相应的、使用本发明功能性的基站或移动无线设备进行通信。只要基站没有接收到接入报头形式的占用请求，通过本发明的过程就不会相对于目前的现有技术产生附加的信令花费。当基站肯定地确认接入报头形式的占用请求时，同样是这种情况。只有当这种附加信令的使用也被给定时，也即只有当实际上有一个信道化代码空闲并且相对于常规方法可能由终端设备更早地发送消息时，因发送第二肯定判定值和附加的信道状态信息才会产生附加的信令花费。相反，如果所有的信道化代码被占用，则不会产生附加的信令花费，因为象迄今一样只须发送第一否定判定值NACK，并且简单地放弃了第二肯定判定值的发送。
另一个优点在于，通过采用该方法不会影响在目前UMTS标准中根据不同的接入业务类型(ASC)来分配接入优先级。仅仅采用借助于ASC预给定的信道化代码。

Claims (18)

1.用于选择传输信道以便从移动终端设备向基站传输消息(N)的方法，其中
所述终端设备首先向所述基站发送一个用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号(AP)，
以及所述基站向所述终端设备发送一个应答信号(AWS)，该应答信号包括一第一判定值(ACK，NACK)，利用该第一判定值通知该终端设备它是否被授权在所询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)，
其特征在于，
如果所述终端设备被授权在另一个传输信道上发送消息(N)，则所述基站在传输一第一否定判定值(NACK)时利用所述的应答信号(AWS)向所述终端设备发送一第二肯定判定值(ACK2)，其中所述第一否定判定值是被用来拒绝所述终端设备在被询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)的，
以及所述终端设备在检测到所述应答信号(AWS)中的第一否定判定值(NACK)时如此地进一步分析该应答信号(AWS)，看该应答信号中是否包含有被用来通知该终端设备有权在另一传输信道上发送消息的第二肯定判定值(ASK2)，以及哪些另外的传输信道可供用于此，
以及所述终端设备然后在可供使用的传输信道之一上向所述基站发送所述消息(N)。
2.权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，待选择的传输信道是多个逻辑传输信道中的一个，所述多个逻辑信道通过采用不同的信道化代码(Cs)而在一个被多个终端设备共同用来向基站传输消息(N)的物理传输信道(PRACH)上被实现。
3.权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，所述应答信号(AWS)包含有信道状态信息(KI)，利用该信道状态信息通知有关的终端设备哪些另外的传输信道可供用于发送消息(N)。
4.权利要求1-3之一的方法，其特征在于，如此地编码所述应答信号(AWS)内的第二判定值(ACK2，NACK2)和/或所述信道状态信息(KI)，使得不管一确定的应答信号(AWS)究竟是否包含有第二判定值(ACK2，NACK2)，所述第一判定值(ACK，NACK)也能不变地由所述终端设备在应答信号(AWS)中解码。
5.权利要求4的方法，其特征在于，第二肯定判定值(ACK2)和/或所述信道状态信息(KI)借助于至少一个特征标符号序列(b21，..，b215)在应答信号(AWS)被编码，所述的特征标符号序列与被用于在应答信号(AWS)中编码所述第一判定值(ACK，NACK)的特征标符号序列(b1，..，b15)的第一集(b)是正交的。
6.权利要求5的方法，其特征在于，通过将第一特征标符号序列集(b)的特征标符号序列(b0，..，b15)的每第二个符号乘以“-1”，来产生用于编码所述第二肯定判定值(ACK2)和/或所述信道状态信息(KI)的特征标符号序列(b21，..，b215)。
7.权利要求6的方法，其特征在于，采用特征标符号序列(b20，..，b215)的第二集(b2)在所述应答信号(AWS)中编码第二肯定判定值(ACK2)和/或信道状态信息(KI)，
其中该第二特征标符号序列集(b2)的特征标符号序列(b20，..，b215)分别由第一特征标符号序列集(b)的特征标符号序列(b0，..，b15)通过给每第二个符号乘以“-1”而已经产生。
8.权利要求5-7之一的方法，其特征在于，所述第二肯定判定值(ACK2)与所述信道状态信息(KI)一起在一个符号串(RS)内被传输，该符号串利用一确定的、与所述第一特征标符号序列集(b)相正交的特征标符号序列(b2x)被编码。
9.权利要求8的方法，其特征在于，所述特征标符号序列(b2x)被分配给所述基站。
10.权利要求5-7之一的方法，其特征在于，所述第二肯定判定值(ACK2)针对一确定的终端设备利用一确定的、与所述第一特征标符号序列集(b)相正交的特征标符号序列(b20，..，b215)被编码，该特征标符号序列(b20，..，b215)被分配给有关终端设备预先已向基站发送一个发送授权询问信号(AP)进行询问过的那个传输信道。
11.权利要求2-10之一的方法，其特征在于，所述应答信号(AWS)包括一第二否定判定值(NACK2)作为在有关的时刻被占用的每个传输信道的信道状态信息(KI)。
12.权利要求11的方法，其特征在于，所述第二否定判定值(NACK2)分别利用特征标符号序列第一集(b)中的被分配给被占用的有关传输信道的特征标符号序列进行编码。
13.权利要求11的方法，其特征在于，所述第二否定判定值(NACK2)分别利用特征标符号序列第二集(b2)中的被分别分配给被占用的有关传输信道的特征标符号序列进行编码。
14.用于选择传输信道以便从移动终端设备向基站传输消息(N)的方法，其中
所述基站从所述终端设备首先接收一个用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号(AP)，
以及所述基站然后向所述终端设备发送一个应答信号(AWS)，该应答信号包括一第一判定值(ACK，NACK)，利用该第一判定值通知该终端设备它是否被授权在所询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)，
其特征在于，
如果所述终端设备被授权在另一个传输信道上发送消息(N)，则所述基站在传输一第一否定判定值(NACK)时利用所述的应答信号(AWS)向所述终端设备发送一第二肯定判定值(ACK2)，其中所述第一否定判定值是被用来拒绝所述终端设备在被询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)的。
15.用于选择传输信道以便从移动终端设备向基站传输消息(N)的方法，其中
所述终端设备首先向所述基站发送一个用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号(AP)，
以及从所述基站接收一个应答信号(AWS)，
以及在该应答信号中检测一第一判定值(ACK，NACK)，利用该第一判定值通知该终端设备它是否被授权在所询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)，
其特征在于，
所述终端设备在检测到被用来拒绝所述终端设备在被询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)的第一否定判定值(NACK)时如此地分析该应答信号(AWS)，看该应答信号中是否包含有被用来通知该终端设备有权在另一传输信道上发送消息的第二肯定判定值(ACK2)，以及哪些另外的传输信道可供用于此，
以及所述终端设备然后在可供使用的传输信道之一上向所述基站发送所述消息(N)。
16.具有发送/接收单元和处理装置的基站，其具有用于选择传输信道以便从移动终端设备向基站传输消息(N)的装置，包括：
解码装置，用于识别从终端设备发送的用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号(AP)，
信道释放装置，用于测定哪些传输信道当前可供用于发送消息(N)，
以及编码装置，用于向所述终端设备发送一个应答信号(AWS)，该应答信号包括一第一判定值(ACK，NACK)，利用该第一判定值通知该终端设备它是否被授权在所询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)，
其特征在于，
所述处理装置被构造使得：如果所述终端设备被授权在另一个传输信道上发送消息(N)，则在传输一第一否定判定值(NACK)时利用所述的应答信号(AWS)向所述终端设备发送一第二肯定判定值(ACK2)，其中所述第一否定判定值是被用来拒绝所述终端设备在被询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)的。
17.具有多个如权利要求16所述的基站的移动无线网。
18.具有发送/接收单元和处理装置的移动终端设备，其具有用于选择传输信道以便从该移动终端设备向基站传输消息(N)的装置，包括：
授权询问装置，用于产生一个用于询问一确定传输信道的发送授权询问信号(AP)，
以及解码装置，其解码从所述基站发来的应答信号(AWS)，以便检测一第一判定值(ACK，NACK)，利用该第一判定值通知该终端设备它是否被授权在所询问的传输信道上发送消息(N)，
其特征在于，
所述的解码装置被构造使得：在检测到所述应答信号(AWS)中的第一否定判定值(NACK)时该解码装置如此地进一步分析该应答信号(AWS)，看该应答信号中是否包含有被用来授权该终端设备在另一传输信道上发送消息(N)的第二肯定判定值(ACK2)，以及哪些另外的传输信道可供用于此，
以及所述处理装置被构造使得然后在可供使用的传输信道之一上向所述基站发送所述消息(N)。
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US7848281B2 (en) 2010-12-07
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US20070140115A1 (en) 2007-06-21
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