CN1826698A - Hybrid system for generating power - Google Patents
Hybrid system for generating power Download PDFInfo
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- CN1826698A CN1826698A CNA2003801102055A CN200380110205A CN1826698A CN 1826698 A CN1826698 A CN 1826698A CN A2003801102055 A CNA2003801102055 A CN A2003801102055A CN 200380110205 A CN200380110205 A CN 200380110205A CN 1826698 A CN1826698 A CN 1826698A
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- liquid fuel
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- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
- F23K5/14—Details thereof
- F23K5/18—Cleaning or purging devices, e.g. filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
- F23K5/14—Details thereof
- F23K5/20—Preheating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
A hybrid system for generating electrical power. The hybrid system includes a photovoltaic array for collecting and converting solar radiation into electrical power, an apparatus for producing power from a source of liquid fuel, the apparatus including at least one capillary flow passage, the at least one capillary flow passage having an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end in fluid communication with the source of liquid fuel, a heat source arranged along the at least one capillary flow passage, the heat source operable to heat the liquid fuel in the at least one capillary flow passage to a level sufficient to change at least a portion thereof from a liquid state to a vapor state and deliver a stream of substantially vaporized fuel from the outlet end of the at least one capillary flow passage, a combustion chamber in communication with the outlet end of the at least one capillary flow passage and a conversion device operable to convert heat released by combustion in the combustion chamber into electrical power, and a storage device electrically connected to the photovoltaic array and the conversion device for storing the electrical power produced by the photovoltaic array and the conversion device.
Description
In recent years, need improve demand in continuous growth for what the equipment in electronic equipment, communication equipment, Medical Devices and other remote scene service provided power to efficient removable dynamical system.These application needs have the power source that high power and high-energy-density can be provided, and also need minimum size and weight, low emission and low cost simultaneously.
Up to the present, battery is the main device that is used to provide portable power source.Yet, recharge owing to need take time, shown that battery is not convenient for the application that continues to use.And the electrogenesis amount of portable battery is limited in several milliwatts in several watts the scope usually, and thereby can not satisfy to the level of signifiance movably, the needs that generate of light power.
Gasoline or diesel fuel small generator that power is provided by internal combustion engine have also been used.Yet the noise of these generators and emission performance make them can not be suitable for removable widely dynamical system fully, and are unsafe for indoor use.Though the liquid fuel with high-energy-density provides the traditional hot force engine of power to have advantage aspect the size,, trend towards they are used in bigger power plant for the consideration of thermodynamics yardstick and cost.
Photoelectricity and thermoelectric generator are the available energy conversion techniques below 2 kilowatts of only commerce.Although the advantage of photoelectric method is clearly, shortcoming also is tangible.For thermoelectric generator, they trend towards is large-scale, expensive and is inefficient relatively.
Considering these factors, is blank out for the dynamical system of magnitude range in about 5.1 ~ 204kg-m/sec (50～2000 watts).And in order to utilize the liquid fuel of high-energy-density, the fuel that needs to improve low fuel filling speed is prepared and conveying system.In addition, these systems also must be able to carry out efficient burning with combustion with minimal.The nothing that is lower than 204kg-m/sec (2 kilowatts) the cleaning power source of making an uproar can advantageously replenish current techniques, such as those power sources based on photovoltaic array, and can produce a kind of useful hybrid system and produces electric power.
On the one hand, the present invention points to a kind of hybrid system that is used to produce electric power, comprising:
(a) photovoltaic array that is used to collect solar radiation and solar radiation is converted into electric power;
(b) be used for from the device of liquid fuel source generation power, this device comprises (i) at least one capillary flow path, and described at least one capillary flow path has the arrival end and the port of export, and described arrival end becomes fluid to be communicated with this liquid fuel source; The (ii) thermal source of arranging along described at least one capillary flow path, described thermal source can be operated the liquid fuel in described at least one capillary flow path is heated to is enough to make at least a portion liquid fuel to change to the degree of steam state from liquid state, and carries the fuel stream of vaporization basically from the described port of export of described at least one capillary flow path; The (iii) combustion chamber that is communicated with the described port of export of described at least one capillary flow path; And (iv) can operate the reforming unit that the thermal transition that burning discharged in the described combustion chamber is become electric power; With
(c) be electrically connected to the storage device of described photovoltaic array and described reforming unit, be used to store the electric power that produces by described photovoltaic array and described reforming unit.
On the other hand, the present invention points to a kind of method that produces electric power, comprising:
(a) by using photovoltaic array that solar radiation is converted into electric power;
(b) liquid fuel is supplied at least one capillary flow path;
(c), make the fuel stream of vaporizing basically flow through the outlet of this at least one capillary flow path by the liquid fuel in this at least one capillary flow path of heating;
(d) this vaporized fuel of burning in the combustion chamber;
(e) use reforming unit that the thermal transition that fired vapour fuel in the combustion chamber is produced is electric power; With
(f) with the electrical power storage that produces in step (a) and the step (e) in storage device.
According to a kind of optimal way, this capillary flow path can comprise capillary, and this thermal source can comprise stratie, with the one section pipe that passes through current flow heats therebetween.Further, in another kind of optimal way, this reforming unit comprises exports the microvovtex turbine of going up to the band generator of about 510kg-m/sec (5 kilowatts) electric power, Stirling engine, thermal power unit or the hot optoelectronic device of band generator.Can provide igniter when device starts, to light vaporized fuel.Fuel supply can be arranged to carry to flow channel the liquid fuel of pressurization, preferably to be lower than the pressure of 7.0kg-m/sec (100psig), be more preferably and be lower than 3.5kg-m/sec (50psig), be more preferably again and be lower than 0.7kg-m/sec (10psig), most preferably be lower than 0.35kg-m/sec (5psig).This optimal way can be operated with the low ignition energy when device starts, this is because it can provide vaporized fuel stream with air mixed, and forms in the combustion chamber and have 25 μ m or aerosol littler, that be preferably 10 μ m or littler average droplet particle diameter.
For handle and during the heating liquid fuel the relevant problem of sedimental formation, a kind of optimal way provides a kind of method and apparatus to remove deposit in the run duration formation of device.
Now, with reference to the optimal way of the present invention that only provides in the mode of example and come with reference to the accompanying drawings to describe the present invention in more detail, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows a kind of fuel vaporization device with part section, and this device comprises a kind of capillary flow path according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows a kind of can be used for the realizing device of Fig. 4 and the multiple capillary layout of system;
Fig. 3 shows the end-view of device shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 shows a kind of device details that can be used in multiple capillary is arranged vaporized fuel and oxidates, so that carry the fuel of vaporization basically that uses in enforcement of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows the control device schematic diagram to capillary flow path transfer the fuel and optional oxidizing gas;
Fig. 6 shows the layout schematic diagram that uses the combustion heat to come the preheating liquid fuel;
Fig. 7 shows the end view of the another kind of embodiment of fuel vaporization device, and this device uses movable rod to remove deposit from capillary flow path;
Fig. 7 A is an end view embodiment illustrated in fig. 7, removes sedimental movable rod and be embedded in the capillary flow path fully from capillary flow path;
Fig. 8 is the schematic representation of apparatus that is used to produce power according to of the present invention, wherein, uses Stirling engine to produce according to one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 9 shows the partial cross section schematic diagram according to the power generation arrangement of another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the block diagram according to hybrid power system of the present invention.
With reference now to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1～10,, wherein, from start to finish indicates similar parts with similar label.
The invention provides a kind of power generation arrangement, preferably the burn liquid fuel of high-energy-density of this device.In a preferred embodiment, this device comprises that at least one is connected to the flow channel of the capillary dimensions of fuels sources, is heated to the thermal source that is enough to carry from the outlet of flow channel vaporized fuel stream along this circulation passage layout so that with the liquid fuel in the flow channel, the combustion chamber of fired vapour fuel and the heat that burning produced in the combustion chamber is converted into the reforming unit of machine power and/or electric power within it.Pellizzari discloses a kind of application capillaceous of being heated that combines with combustion chamber and power conversion apparatus in the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.10/143463 that submitted on May 10th, 2002, name is called " Method andApparatus for Generating Power by Combustion of Vaporized Fuel (producing the method and apparatus of power by fired vapour fuel) ", this patent application and the present invention have common suitable lattice inventor and transfer assignee of the present invention, and are hereby incorporated by.
This flow channel can be the capillary that is heated by resistive device heating, and a section of this pipe is heated by electric current being flow through this section pipe.The feature of this capillary flow path also is to have low thermal inertia, makes this capillary channel can very rapidly reach the required temperature of vaporized fuel, as in 2.0 seconds, preferably in 0.5 second, more preferably in 0.1 second.The flow channel of this capillary dimensions preferably forms in capillary body, all metals single in this way or multilayer of this capillary body, pottery or glass body.This passage has the closed volume towards the entrance and exit perforate, and one of entrance and exit can open wide to this capillary body is outside, perhaps can be connected on another passage in same main body or another main body or is connected on the accessory.This heater can be formed as one section stainless steel tube by a part of main body, perhaps this heater can be included in the capillary or be positioned at discrete resistance heating material layer or resistance heating wire on the capillary.
This flow channel can be to include the Any shape that can pass through the closed volume of fluid to the entrance and exit perforate therebetween.This flow channel can have any required cross section, and a kind of preferred cross section is that diameter is circular uniformly.Other capillary flow path cross section comprises non-circular as triangle, square, rectangle, ellipse or other shape, and the cross section of flow channel does not need evenly.This flow channel can straight-line extension or non-rectilinear ground extend, also can be single flow channel or multipath flow channel.
The flow channel of a capillary dimensions can have a hydraulic diameter, and this hydraulic diameter is preferably less than 2mm, more preferably less than 1mm, most preferably less than 0.5mm.Should " hydraulic diameter " be a parameter that is used to calculate by the fluid flow characteristics of fluid transport element, and be defined as four times of girths (being commonly referred to " soaking " girth) of the circulation area of this fluid transport element divided by the solid boundaries that contacts with fluid.For the pipe with circular flow channel, this hydraulic diameter and actual diameter equate.Under the situation that capillary channel is limited by metal capillary, this pipe can have the internal diameter of 0.01～3mm, 0.1～1mm preferably, and most preferred is 0.15～0.5mm.Or this capillary channel can limit with the cross-sectional area of passage, and this area can be 8 * 10
-5～7mm
2, be preferably 8 * 10
-3～8 * 10
-1Mm
2, be more preferably 2 * 10
-3～2 * 10
-1Mm
2Single or many capillaries, various pressure, various capillary pipe length, be applied to heat on the capillary and many combinations of difformity and/or sectional area will be suitable for given application.
This reforming unit can be Stirling engine, microvovtex turbine or other the suitable device that is used for heat is converted to machine power or electric power, and it has the optional generator that can produce up to about 510kg-m/sec (5000 watts) power.This liquid fuel can be the hydrocarbon fuels of any kind of, as jet fuel, gasoline, kerosene or diesel oil, oxidant for example is ethanol, methyl alcohol, methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE) or its any mixture, these fuel supplies are arrived the pressure of flow channel preferably less than 7.0kg-m/sec (100psig), more preferably less than 3.5kg-m/sec (50psig), again more preferably less than 0.7kg-m/sec (10psig), most preferably less than 0.35kg-m/sec (5psig).This vaporized fuel can be mixed with air and form aerosol, and its drop average grain diameter is 25 μ m or littler, 10-or littler preferably, thereby the cleaning of permission and effective ignition ability.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, liquid fuel via the capillary that is heated (as minor diameter glass tube, earthenware or metal tube, for example internal diameter 3mm or littler stainless steel tube) be transported in the combustion chamber, vaporized fuel in the combustion chamber with preheating or the air mixed of heating not.This vaporized fuel can with the air mixed that is in ambient temperature, the latter is drawn onto in the air feed path that feeds the combustion chamber.Or, this vaporized fuel can with the air mixed of preheating, for example be to come preheated air by a heat exchanger, this heat exchanger heat preheated air of the waste gas of discharging from the combustion chamber.If desired, this air with can for example come supercharging before vaporized fuel mixes by an air blast.
During the vaporization of liquid fuel in heated capillary passage, the deposit of carbon and/or heavy hydrocarbon can accumulate on the capillary wall, and serious fuel limitation is mobile, and this finally can cause stopping up capillary flow path.The speed that these deposits gather is the function of capillary wall temperature, fuel flow rate and fuel type.Though believing fuel additive is useful for reducing these deposits, if stop up, fuel vaporization device of the present invention advantageously provides a kind of sedimental device that run duration forms that is used to remove.
According to the present invention, air-fuel mixture burns in the combustion chamber and produces the heat that is converted into machine power or electric power.Before burning, this power generation arrangement provides the atomizing of reliable liquid fuel conveying and vaporized fuel.
Air mixed under vaporized fuel and ambient temperature and less than 7.0kg-m/sec (100psig), preferably less than 3.5kg-m/sec (50psig), more preferably less than 0.7kg-m/sec (10psig), when more preferably moving again less than the liquid fuel pressure of 0.35kg-m/sec (5psig) is following, this capillary flow path that is heated can form the aerosol of a kind of little fuel droplet (as 25 μ m or littler, best 10 μ m or littler).The present invention has the ability in low air supply pressure (as less than 50.80mm H
2O (2 inches water)) down combustion fuel, Fast starting, provide dirt, obstruction and gluing control, under the toxic emission level that reduces, move, and only need the low ignition energy just can fire fuel-air mixture.
An advantage according to device of the present invention is its ignition energy requirement characteristics.This term of minimum ignition energy is used to describe the easy degree of the fuel/air mixture that can light a kind of atomizing, and a kind of igniter such as spark ignition sources is adopted in this igniting usually.The Sauter average diameter (SMD) of the vaporized fuel that device of the present invention can provide and/or its drop of aerosol is less than 25 μ m, preferably less than 10 μ m, more preferably less than 5 μ m, thin like this aerosol helps improving starting characteristic and the flame holding in the gas turbine application.In addition, can reduce minimum ignition energy very significantly to the fuel that the SMD value is equal to or less than 25 μ m.For example, " burning of gas turbine (Gas Turbine Combustion) " (hemisphere publishing company as Lefebvre, nineteen eighty-three) discuss in 252 of a book pages, when SMD reduces, the relevant term E of easy degree that can light a fire with a kind of fuel/air mixture of atomizing
MinSharply reduce.Minimum ignition energy is proportional to the cube of the Sauter average diameter (SMD) of fuel droplet in the aerosol roughly.SMD is a kind of like this diameter of drop, and promptly the surface of this drop equates volume ratio with the surface of whole spraying volume ratio, and SMD is relevant with the mass transport characteristic of this spraying.In Lefebvre one book, show, for various fuel, E
MinAnd the relation between the SMD is similar to following relational expression roughly:
log?E
min＝4.5(log?SMD)+k；
In the formula, E
MinWith milli burnt (mJ) is that unit is measured, and SMD is that unit is measured with μ m, and k is the constant relevant with fuel type.
Described according to Lefebvre, heavy fuel oil has the minimum ignition energy of about 800mJ at the SMD place of 115 μ m, has the minimum ignition energy of about 23mJ at the SMD place of 50 μ m.Isooctane has the minimum ignition energy of about 9mJ at the SMD place of 90 μ m, has the minimum ignition energy of about 0.4mJ at the SMD place of 40 μ m.For diesel fuel, when SMD equals 100 μ m, E
MinBe about 100mJ.When SMD is reduced to 30 μ m, E
MinCan be reduced to about 0.8mJ.Be appreciated that the demand of ignition system will significantly reduce to the SMD value less than 25 μ m.
Have been found that power conversion apparatus of the present invention presents very desirable low ignition energy requirements.Low ignition energy requirements is by reducing total system weight and make power output maximization by reducing the additional power relevant with ignition system loss, thereby improved the advantage of generation power of the present invention.
In view of above-mentioned advantage, the most handy low energy fire spark ignition device is as the igniter of power generation arrangement.The small-sized piezoelectric igniter of the spark energy in about 5～7mJ scope preferably can be provided.Device is known is simple, compact and does not produce additional loading problem for this type of.The ultra-fine carburretion that is provided by device of the present invention cooperates with the low energy piezoelectric ignition device and superior firing characteristic is provided.
The emission performance of known liquid fuel burner is responsive to the quality of fuel droplet particle size distribution.High-quality thin spraying promotes fuel vaporization and strengthens to mix, and has reduced the needs of fuel-rich combustion thus and has reduced the generation of the cigarette ash of usually following.Droplet is followed the air-flow streamline and is difficult for impact against burner walls.On the contrary, big drop can impact against burner walls and cause CO and the discharging of hydrocarbon with produce carbon deposits.In the very limited device of flame, this problem more merits attention.
The heat that produces during the vaporized fuel burning can be converted to electric power or machine power.For example, this heat can be converted to the electric power or the machine power of any aequum, for example goes up to the electric power or the machine power of 510kg-m/sec (5000 watts).Compare with the portable battery technology or produce that about 2.0kg-m/sec (20W) of several hours can only be provided, provide no hot-tempered, cleaning power source in a kind of a few hectowatt scope according to the device of the preferred embodiment of the present invention greater than noise internal combustion engine/generator big, that discharging is high of 102kg-m/sec (1KW).
The heat that has a lot of technology to can be used to produce according to the present invention in the combustion chamber is converted into electric power or machine power.For example, in 2.0～510kg-m/sec (20～5000 watts) scope, at least can consider following technology: heat is converted to the mechanokinetic Stirling engine that can be used to drive generator, can be used for driving little gas turbine of generator, directly be the pyroelectric technology of electricity with thermal transition, and the hot photoelectric technology that directly radiant energy is converted to electricity.
Thermoelectric device provides no hot-tempered, durable advantage, and connects with external combustion systems, and the potentiality for the low emission and the flexibility of fuel are provided.Can be used as in various types of thermoelectric generators of reforming unit and comprise disclosed device among U.S. Patent No. 5563368, No.5793119, No.5917144, the No.6172427, the disclosure of these patents is hereby incorporated by.
Hot electrooptical device has quiet advantage, and mid power density can be provided, and connects with external combustion systems, and the potentiality for the low emission and the flexibility of fuel are provided.Can be used as in the various types of hot electrooptical device of reforming unit and comprise disclosed device among U.S. Patent No. 5512109, No.5753050, No.6092912 and the No.6204442, its disclosure is hereby incorporated by.As shown in U.S. Patent No. 6204442, can use a thermal radiator to absorb the heat of burning gases, and be directed to a photoelectric cell and change into electricity, thereby prevent that this photoelectric cell directly is exposed to burning gases from the heat that this thermal radiator gives off.
Little gas turbine is being gratifying aspect the high specific power.The little gas turbine that can be used as reforming unit comprises disclosed device among U.S. Patent No. 5836150, No.5874798 and the No.5932940, and its disclosure is hereby incorporated by.
Stirling engine has size, does not have hot-tempered operation, the advantage of durability aspect, and connects with external combustion systems, and the potentiality for the low emission and the flexibility of fuel are provided.For a person skilled in the art, can will be conspicuous as the Stirling engine of reforming unit.
Referring now to Fig. 1, a kind of fuel vaporization device that is used in apparatus of the present invention shown in the figure.Fuel vaporization device 10 is used to the liquid fuel of vaporizing and drawing from liquid fuel source, and this fuel vaporization device 10 comprises a capillary flow path 12 that has the arrival end 14 and the port of export 16.Control valve for fluids 18 is used to make the arrival end 14 of capillary flow path 12 to become fluid to be communicated with liquid fuel source F, and will be essentially liquid liquid fuel input capillary flow path 12.Preferably, control valve for fluids 18 can be by operated by solenoid.Thermal source 20 is provided with along capillary flow path 12.Most preferably, provide thermal source 20 by forming capillary flow path with the resistance tubes of material, so that when carrying electric current betwixt, the part of capillary flow path 12 forms a heating element when at joint 22 and 24 places current source being connected on this pipe.Being appreciated that thermal source 20 then can be operated the liquid fuel in the capillary flow path 12 is heated to is enough to make at least a portion liquid fuel to become the degree of steam state from liquid state, and carries the fuel stream of vaporization basically from the port of export 16 of capillary flow path 20.Basically vaporization is meant that at least 50% liquid fuel vaporized by thermal source, preferably at least 70%, and more preferably at least 80% liquid fuel is vaporized.
Fuel vaporization device 10 also comprises the sedimental device that is used to remove in the formation of apparatus of the present invention run duration.Being used to shown in Fig. 1 removed the oxidant control valve 26 that sedimental device comprises control valve for fluids 18, thermal source 20 and is used to make capillary flow path 12 to become fluid to be communicated with oxidizer source C.Be appreciated that this oxidant control valve can be located on or near arbitrary end of capillary flow path 12, perhaps be configured to become fluid to be communicated with arbitrary end of capillary flow path 12.If the oxidant control valve is located on or near the port of export of capillary flow path 12, it is used to make oxidizer source C to be communicated with 16 one-tenth fluids of the port of export of capillary flow path 12 so.In running, thermal source 20 is used for oxidant C with capillary flow path 12 and is heated to is enough to the sedimental degree that oxidation forms during heating liquid fuel F.In one embodiment, for from the refuelling mode switch to the removing pattern, oxidant control valve 26 can operate checker between input liquid fuel F in capillary flow path 12 and input oxidant C, and in the time of in oxidant being imported this at least one capillary flow path, can clear up capillary flow path on the spot.
A kind of technology of oxidates comprises makes air or steam pass through capillary flow path.As noted, this capillary flow path preferably is heated during clear operation, so that starting and lasting oxidizing process are up to deposits consume is fallen.In order to strengthen this clear operation, can utilize a kind of catalytic specie to reduce to finish and remove required temperature and/or time, this catalytic specie or as the coating of capillary wall or as the part of capillary wall.In order to move this fuel vaporization device continuously, can use capillary flow path more than one, make when the time for example with sensor to blocked state, fuel stream can be redirect to another capillary flow path, and oxidant stream begins the blocked capillary flow path by being cleared up.As an example, can comprise a plurality of capillary flow paths in the capillary body, and can provide a kind of valve to dispose selectively to each flow channel supply liquid fuel or air.
Or, fuel stream is turned to and with predetermined space starting oxidant stream from a capillary flow path.Can realize the conveying of fuel by a controller to capillary flow path.For example, this controller can activate fuel and carry in a scheduled period, and stops the conveying of fuel after the time of this scheduled volume.This controller also can be adjusted the pressure of liquid fuel and/or supply to the heat of capillary flow path according to one or more states that detect.Institute's acquisition mode especially can comprise: fuel pressure, capillary temperature or air-fuel ratio.This controller can also be controlled one or more capillary flow paths and remove deposit.
This clearance technique can be applied to have the burner of single flow channel.But if this burner intermittently interrupts during clear operation, the energy that supplies to this flow channel so during removing is electric energy preferably.Time interval between each time removed or can fix, perhaps can utilize a sensing and control device to detect obstruction and start reset procedure on demand according to the blocking characteristic that experiment is determined.For example, a control device can detect chocking-up degree by surveying the fuel-supplying pressure that arrives capillary flow path.
As noted, the oxidation clearance technique need also can be applied to the fuel vaporization device of operation continuously.In this case, a plurality of capillary flow paths have been utilized.Among Fig. 2 and 3 illustration the moving channel fuel vapourizing unit of crinosity thread of a kind of demonstration used in this invention.Fig. 2 represents the schematic diagram that a kind of multiple capillary that is integrated in the single component 94 is arranged.Fig. 3 represents the end-view of assembly 94.As shown in the figure, this assembly can comprise three capillary 82A, 82B, 82C and the positive electrode 92 that can comprise solid stainless steel.These three pipes and this bar can be bearing in the main body 96 of electrical insulating material, and can be via accessory 98 to this bar and capillary power supply.For example, can supply with direct currents, and the joint 95 that is in the capillary downstream can form the return path of the electric current that flows through bar 92 to one or more upstream extremities capillaceous.
Referring now to Fig. 4, the multiple capillary carburetion system 80 that is used in enforcement of the present invention shown in the figure.This system comprises capillary 82A to 82C, fuel supply line 84A to 84C, oxidant supply line 86A to 86C, oxidant control valve 88A to 88C, electric power output line 90A to 90C and shared ground wire 91.This system 80 can clear up one or more capillaries and utilize one or more other capillaries to continue transfer the fuel simultaneously.For example, during cleaning capillary flow path 82A, can come combustion fuel via capillary flow path 82B and 82C.Can be to the cleaning of capillary flow path 82A by finishing like this, promptly interrupt to capillary 82A supply of fuel, to capillary flow path 82A supply be enough to sedimental air in this capillary flow path of oxidation with heat.Therefore, can clear up one or several capillary in the transfer the fuel continuously.These one or more capillary flow paths of being cleared up are preferably in the heat that is heated by resistive device in the reset procedure or feeds back from this application and heat.Again, for any given capillary flow path, time interval between each time removed or can fix, perhaps can utilize a sensing and control system to detect sedimental gathering and also start reset procedure on demand according to the known blocking characteristic that experiment is determined.
Fig. 5 represents the exemplary diagram of a kind of operation according to the control system of apparatus of the present invention, and this device comprises an oxic gas body source that is used to clear up the capillary channel of obstruction.This control system comprises a controller 100 that is operably connected to fuels sources 102, and fuels sources 102 is to flow channel fuel supplying and optional air such as capillary flow path 104.This controller also is operatively coupled on the power supply 106, and power supply 106 is to a resistance heater or directly to metal capillary flow path 104 transmission of electricity, is enough to vaporize this fuel so that this pipe is heated to.If desired, this fuel system can comprise a plurality of flow channel and heaters that are operably connected on the controller 100.Controller 100 can be operatively coupled on one or more sender units, this sender unit such as on-off switch, thermocouple, fuel flow rate transducer, air rate transducer, power output transducer, battery charge sensor etc., thus, can be with controller 100 programmings automatically to control the operation of combustion system in response to outputing to the signal of this controller by sender unit 108.
In running, fuel vaporization device according to apparatus of the present invention can be constructed to be permeable to feed back the heat that is produced during the burning, make liquid fuel be enough to this liquid fuel of vaporizing basically being heated to when the capillary, reduce thus or remove from or replenished the needs that electric heating or alternate manner heated this capillary flow path.For example, this capillary can be done to such an extent that longlyer increase its surface area, so that bigger heat delivered, this capillary can be configured to pass the fuel that is burning, and a heat exchanger perhaps can be set utilize the waste gas that produces from combustion reaction to come pre-heating fuel.
Fig. 6 represents how to settle capillary flow path 64 in simplified form, makes the liquid fuel of passing through therebetween can be heated to high temperature, thereby reduces the power demand of carburretion heater.As shown in the figure, a part 66 that comprises the pipe of capillary flow path is passed the flame 68 of combustion fuel.For initial starting, can utilize the electric wire 70,72 that is connected on a power supply such as the storage battery 74 to heat the one section resistance heater formed or independent resistance heater, this resistance heater this liquid fuel that can be used to vaporize at the beginning by this pipe.After lighting this vaporized fuel with suitable igniter, this part 66 of this pipe can continue vaporized fuel and required power thereby reduced in addition in order to be heated by resistive device by the heat preheating of burning.Therefore, by this pipe of preheating, the fuel in this pipe of can vaporizing and needn't use resistance heater, thus can save the energy.
Be appreciated that fuel vaporization device shown in Fig. 1～6 and subsystem also can use with other embodiments of the invention.Refer again to Fig. 1, be used to remove the solvent control valve 26 that sedimental device comprises control valve for fluids 18, makes capillary flow path 12 become fluid to be communicated with solvent, solvent control valve 26 places an end of capillary flow path 12.Utilize among the embodiment of the device that solvent removes at this, this solvent control valve can be operated between input liquid fuel in capillary flow path 12 and input solvent and replace, make when solvent is imported capillary flow path 12, can clear up capillary flow path 12 on the spot.Though utilized various solvents, this solvent can comprise from the next liquid fuel of liquid fuel source.When this situation, do not need the solvent control valve, because need between fuel and solvent, not replace, and during the cleaning capillary flow path, should stop thermal source or inactive thermal source gradually.
Fig. 7 represents another example embodiment of the present invention.The fuel vaporization device 200 that is used for apparatus of the present invention has the capillary flow path 212 that is heated that is used for delivering liquid fuel F.Heat is provided by the thermal source of settling along passage 212 220.Most preferably, thermal source 220 provides by forming capillary flow path 212 with the resistance tubes of material, when current source is connected at joint 222 and 224 places on this pipe when carrying electric current betwixt, the part of capillary flow path 212 forms heating element.
In order to remove the deposit in the run duration formation of fuel vaporization device 200, hole 236 one of the arrangement of passing the end cap 234 of apparatus main body 230 are axially moveable bar 232, and bar 232 is aimed at vertically with the hole of the arrival end 214 of capillary flow path 212.Provide the encapsulant 238 that is used to seal in the internal capacity of end cap 234.Referring now to Fig. 7 A, axial moveable rod 232 is shown extends in fully in the capillary flow path 212.Be appreciated that, by the diameter of chosen axis to movable rod 232, make and produce minimal wall clearance in the inside of capillary flow path 212, thereby form a kind of composite set, this composite set can be removed all deposits that gather along capillary flow circulation passage 212 inner surfaces at fuel vaporization device 200 run durations basically.
Fig. 8 shows according to schematic representation of apparatus of the present invention, this device comprises free piston stirling engine 30 and combustion chamber 34, wherein, the heat that is in 550～750 ℃ is converted into machine power by reciprocating-piston, and this reciprocating-piston drives alternating current generator 32 to produce electric power.This assembly also comprises capillary flow path/heater assembly 36, controller 38, rectifier/adjuster 40, battery 42, fuels sources 44, recuperator 46, combustion blower 48, cooler 50 and cooler/air blast 52.In running, controller 38 can be operated the fuel that controls to capillary 36 and carry, and fuel combustion in the control room 34, and the piston in the heat drive Stirling engine of feasible burning is so that engine is from alternating current generator 32 output powers.If desired, can substitute this Stirling engine/alternating current generator with an output mechanokinetic kinematics Stirling engine.Can find the example of combustion chamber and air preheater in U.S. Patent No. 4277942, No.4352269, No.4384457 and No.4392350, its disclosure is hereby incorporated by.
Fig. 9 represents the partial cross section schematic diagram according to a kind of power generation arrangement of another embodiment of the present invention, and this device can form the part such as the heat conversion device of Stirling engine.As shown in Figure 9, the air that is transported to air intake by air-blaster enters combustion chamber 34 and mixes with the vaporized fuel that is transported to this chamber by capillary/heater assembly 36.The end of the combustion heat heating Stirling engine 30 in the chamber 34, and the piston of a slip is to produce mode reciprocating motion in alternating current generator of electricity.Chamber 34 can be designed to the air that allows heating by the exhaust gases to enter, thereby has reduced the energy requirement of combustion fuel.For example, shell can comprise many walls configurations that an air that allows to enter circulates in air compartment, the waste gas heating that these many walls configurations are circulated in the exhaust passage.Make intake air at the combustion chamber mesoscale eddies by the swirler blades 56 that intake air (representing with arrow 55) is passed around combustion chamber 34.The air-fuel mixture of burning heats this heat conversion device (Stirling engine) 30 and waste gas (representing with arrow 57) discharge combustion chamber.
Usually, this power conversion apparatus can comprise a liquid fuel source and at least one flow channel (as one or more capillaries that are heated), the carburretion that will come from fuels sources by this at least one flow channel also is transported to fuel the combustion chamber, vaporized fuel burns in the combustion chamber, and the heat that produces in the combustion chamber is used to drive Stirling engine or other heat conversion device.Preheated air in the time of can using the air duct of heat exchanger in air is passed through heat exchanger, improve the efficient of this device thus as far as possible, that is strengthen burning in the chamber, thereby only need less fuel that Stirling engine is maintained required operating temperature by the air that preheating mixes with vaporized fuel.Waste gas can be by the blast pipe in the heat exchanger, thus can be with the transfer of heat of waste gas to the air of waiting to be transported to the combustion chamber.
The combustion chamber can be included in any suitable device that wherein air mixes with vaporized fuel and/or air-fuel mixture burns.For example, fuel can mix in a venturi tube with air and air-fuel mixture is provided, and air-fuel mixture can produce burning in the district in the heat in venturi tube downstream.In order to trigger burning, air-fuel mixture can be limited in the seed area, in this seed area, light this mixture such as the igniter of spark generator.This igniter can be can fire fuel any device, as ignition wire of mechanical spark generator, sparker, resistance heating etc.Sparker can use any suitable power source such as compact battery to power.But this battery can substitute with manually operated PZT (piezoelectric transducer), and PZT (piezoelectric transducer) produces electric current when being energized.Utilize a kind of like this device, can produce electric current owing to the electromechanical effect of this transducer of compression.For example, a striker can be set, so that when depression of trigger, this striker clashes into this transducer with predetermined power.The electricity that transducer produces can be supplied to the spark generating mechanism by suitable circuit.Can utilize a kind of like this device to light fuel-air mixture.
The part of the electric power that is produced by reforming unit can be stored in the suitable storage device, and in battery or capacitor, it is the igniter power supply that this storage device can be used for.For example, can use a manually operated switch that electric current is delivered to a stratie or make electric current directly come fuel in the vaporization flow path, perhaps can supply an electric current to the burning that igniter triggers the fuel-air mixture that is transported to the combustion chamber by the part of a metal tube.
If desired, combustion fuel and the heat that produces can be used to operate the dependence machine power of any kind of or the device of electric power.For example, a heat conversion source could can be used to produce electricity, all telephone communication equipments in this way of this electric equipment (as radio telephone), portable computer, power tool, instrument, field work equipment, military equipment, the conveying arrangement as moped, motorized wheelchair and marine puopulsion equipment, electronic sensor device, electronic monitoring equipment, battery charger, illumination apparatus, heating equipment etc. into portable electric equipment.This heat conversion device also can be used for for non-portable set provides power, perhaps provides power for the area that does not have the inconvenient or unreliable access power network of power network.These areas and/or non-portable set comprise outlying living area and military camp, automatic vending machine, offshore installation etc.
Be expected at the photovoltaic array that uses in the hybrid power generation of the present invention system and comprise various photoelectric cells.Known is that the example of available preferred type can provide 20～25% transformation efficiency, and can comprise some conversion coatings.For example, on outmost surface blue response layer, next be green-red response layer, next be the infrared response layer again.Other type is with gallium but not silicon is made.Yet, in certain environment, using relatively, the battery of inefficient (10～18%) is more economical, wherein, the semiconductor surface of battery preferably has the conductive metal bar of q.s (for area of section), make the electric current of big several times of electric current that the ratio manufacturer produced estimates can not make this semiconductor overheated, perhaps even make the metallic conductor fusing.
Or the solar cell of special designs can comprise a kind of amorphous type, and this amorphous type comprises the layering amorphous silicon that is configured on plane surface or the non-planar surfaces, and this is that those skilled in the art is to understand.The development of these battery structures allows the battery material vapour deposition or is splashed on any surface to form uniform coating.
The method of known various manufacturing photoelectric cell and photovoltaic array, as U.S. Patent No. 4152824, No.4239555, No.4451969, No.4595790, No.4851308, No.6077722, No.6111189, No.6368892, No.6423565 and No.6465724 obvious, the content of these patents is hereby incorporated by.
If for example the part of array is in the position that is subjected to the light deficiency relatively, can provide so to be used for balanced loaded device, this is general in the field that produces power with photoelectric cell.Effectively working voltage is 12V at least, and from minimizing the viewpoint of loss and semiconductor loss, particularly in the virtual voltage decline, higher voltage can provide the effect of enhancing in that sunlight is faint.As known in the art, can provide a boost converter, even so that when electric current changes, also can keep constant output voltage.Usually, the array that uses with the present invention can be created in 51～204kg-m/sec (500 watts～2 kilowatts) scope or bigger electric power.
Referring now to Figure 10,, shows block diagram according to a kind of hybrid power system 300 of optimal way.As shown in the figure, provide power unit 310, this power unit 310 comprises liquid fuel source and one or more capillary that is heated, fuel from fuels sources is vaporized and is transported to the combustion chamber by capillary, vaporized fuel burns in the combustion chamber, the heat that produces in the combustion process is used to drive Stirling engine or other heat conversion device, as described in front.Heat conversion device preferably is connected to alternating current generator such as linear alternator, is used to produce electric power and delivers power to storage battery 340, and storage battery 340 feeds are to electric power electronic module 350, and this electric power electronic module 350 is connected to load again.
Particularly preferably, photovoltaic array 320 provides about 90% transmit electric power, and forming needs 300～800 hours mixed strategy of annual operation engine.Than photovoltaic array, mixed structure of the present invention can reduce 25%～50% of electro-optical package and battery storage capacity demand, and can reduce fund cost and cost of possession.In addition, the mixed structure of this expection has reduced the pressure (discharge level of reduction etc.) of battery subsystem, has finally improved twice or more times in the works substituting.
Though described the present invention in detail with reference to its preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art will be clear, can carry out various variations and utilize the scheme of equivalence and do not depart from this
Scope of invention.
Claims (20)
1. hybrid system that is used to produce electric power comprises:
(a) photovoltaic array that is used to collect solar radiation and solar radiation is converted into electric power;
(b) be used for from the device of liquid fuel source generation power, this device comprises (i) at least one capillary flow path, and described at least one capillary flow path has the arrival end and the port of export, and described arrival end becomes fluid to be communicated with this liquid fuel source; The (ii) thermal source of arranging along described at least one capillary flow path, described thermal source can be operated the liquid fuel in described at least one capillary flow path is heated to is enough to make at least a portion liquid fuel to change to the degree of steam state from liquid state, and carries the fuel stream of vaporization basically from the described port of export of described at least one capillary flow path; The (iii) combustion chamber that is communicated with the described port of export of described at least one capillary flow path; And (iv) can operate the reforming unit that the thermal transition that burning discharged in the described combustion chamber is become electric power; With
(c) be electrically connected to the storage device of described photovoltaic array and described reforming unit, be used to store the electric power that produces by described photovoltaic array and described reforming unit.
2. hybrid system according to claim 1, wherein, described thermal source comprises stratie.
3. according in the described hybrid system of preceding each claim, wherein, described at least one capillary flow path comprises at least one capillary.
4. hybrid system according to claim 3, wherein, described thermal source comprises described one section capillaceous, this section capillary is by the current flow heats by it.
5. according in the described hybrid system of preceding each claim, also comprise the sedimental device that is used to remove in the run duration formation of device.
6. hybrid system according to claim 5, wherein, describedly be used to remove sedimental device and comprise control valve for fluids, described thermal source and oxidant control valve, described oxidant control valve is used to make described at least one capillary flow path to become fluid to be communicated with oxidant, described thermal source also can be operated the oxidant in described at least one capillary flow path is heated to is enough to oxidation sedimental degree of forming in the process of heating liquid fuel, wherein, the described oxidant control valve that is used to make described at least one capillary flow path to become fluid to be communicated with oxidant can be operated and replace between described capillary flow path input liquid fuel and input oxidant, and can clear up described capillary flow path on the spot when oxidant being input to described at least one capillary flow path.
7. hybrid system according to claim 5, wherein, describedly be used to remove sedimental device bag control valve for fluids, described control valve for fluids can be operated and make described at least one capillary flow path become fluid to be communicated with solvent, and can clear up described capillary flow path on the spot when this solvent being input to described at least one capillary flow path.
8. hybrid system according to claim 8, wherein, this solvent comprises the liquid fuel that comes from liquid fuel source, and wherein, this thermal source is stopped in the process of the described capillary flow path of cleaning.
9. according in the described hybrid system of preceding each claim, wherein, described combustion chamber comprises can operate the igniter that vaporized fuel is lighted.
10. hybrid system according to claim 9, wherein, described thermal source is effectively with the degree of this vaporization of liquid fuel to the ignition energy demand that can reduce device for igniting effectively.
11. according in the described hybrid system of preceding each claim, wherein, described reforming unit is selected from microvovtex turbine, the Stirling engine of microvovtex turbine, band generator, Stirling engine, thermal power unit and the hot optoelectronic device of band generator.
12. according in the described hybrid system of preceding each claim, wherein, machine power or the electric power to 510kg-m/sec (5 kilowatts) is gone up in described reforming unit output.
13. according in the described hybrid system of preceding each claim, also comprise fuels sources, described fuels sources can be carried the liquid fuel of pressurization to described at least one capillary flow path with 100psig or littler pressure.
14. according in the described hybrid system of preceding each claim, also comprise heat exchanger, this heat exchanger comprises blast pipe, a part of waste gas of discharging from described combustion chamber circulates by this blast pipe, and air circulates by air duct, and described heat exchanger is by coming air in the described air duct of preheating with the transfer of heat of waste gas in the blast pipe to air.
15. according in the described hybrid system of preceding each claim, also comprise air-blaster, described air-blaster supplies air to described combustion chamber under pressure, make forced air to mix with the ratio of required air, so that burn this air-fuel mixture effectively with vaporized fuel to fuel.
16. a method that produces electric power comprises:
(a) by using photovoltaic array that solar radiation is converted into electric power;
(b) liquid fuel is supplied at least one capillary flow path;
(c), make the fuel stream of vaporizing basically flow through the outlet of this at least one capillary flow path by the liquid fuel in this at least one capillary flow path of heating;
(d) this vaporized fuel of burning in the combustion chamber;
(e) use reforming unit that the thermal transition that fired vapour fuel in the combustion chamber is produced is electric power; With
(f) with the electrical power storage that produces in step (a) and the step (e) in storage device.
17. method according to claim 16, wherein, this at least one capillary flow path comprises at least one capillary, this thermal source comprises stratie or one section capillary, this section capillary is by the current flow heats by therebetween, and this method also comprises makes liquid fuel flow through this capillary and by heating this pipe this liquid fuel of vaporizing.
18. according in the described method of preceding each claim, wherein, this reforming unit is selected from microvovtex turbine, the Stirling engine of microvovtex turbine, band generator, Stirling engine, thermal power unit and the hot optoelectronic device of band generator.
19., also comprise the step of at least one capillary flow path of periodic cleaning according in the described method of preceding each claim.
20. method according to claim 19, wherein, described periodic cleaning step comprises that (i) stops to heat this at least one capillary flow path and (ii) solvent be supplied to this at least one capillary flow path, removes the deposit that forms thus in this at least one capillary flow path.
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| JP (1) | JP4489600B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101004459B1 (en) |
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| DE19743087A1 (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-05-27 | Siegfried W Schilling | Device for vaporizing liquid fuels |
| US6198038B1 (en) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-03-06 | Thermo Power Corporation | Burner and burner/emitter/recuperator assembly for direct energy conversion power sources |
| US7313916B2 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2008-01-01 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Method and apparatus for generating power by combustion of vaporized fuel |
| US6871792B2 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2005-03-29 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Apparatus and method for preparing and delivering fuel |
-
2003
- 2003-12-10 EP EP03815647A patent/EP1588425A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-10 AU AU2003296473A patent/AU2003296473A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-10 WO PCT/US2003/039327 patent/WO2004068593A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-12-10 CN CNA2003801102055A patent/CN1826698A/en active Pending
- 2003-12-10 JP JP2004567423A patent/JP4489600B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-10 BR BR0318030-1A patent/BR0318030A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-10 MX MXPA05007694A patent/MXPA05007694A/en unknown
- 2003-12-10 CA CA2513315A patent/CA2513315C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-10 KR KR1020057013587A patent/KR101004459B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108798958A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel injection valve |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2513315C (en) | 2013-10-29 |
| CA2513315A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| KR101004459B1 (en) | 2010-12-31 |
| AU2003296473A1 (en) | 2004-08-23 |
| WO2004068593A3 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
| BR0318030A (en) | 2005-12-06 |
| MXPA05007694A (en) | 2010-09-28 |
| KR20050094051A (en) | 2005-09-26 |
| WO2004068593A8 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
| JP2006513357A (en) | 2006-04-20 |
| EP1588425A2 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| WO2004068593A2 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| JP4489600B2 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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