CN1826492A - Gas supply system - Google Patents
Gas supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1826492A CN1826492A CNA2004800213708A CN200480021370A CN1826492A CN 1826492 A CN1826492 A CN 1826492A CN A2004800213708 A CNA2004800213708 A CN A2004800213708A CN 200480021370 A CN200480021370 A CN 200480021370A CN 1826492 A CN1826492 A CN 1826492A
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- container
- gas
- temperature
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- supply source
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 361
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 361
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 343
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 245
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 68
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009183 running Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910020794 La-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019083 Mg-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019403 Mg—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
A gas supply system is disclosed which enables to prevent (or reduce) problems due to temperature decrease caused by gas supply. A fuel cell system (10) comprises a hydrogen supply system (50) having four hydrogen tanks (51, 52, 53, 54) and a control unit (80) for controlling supply of hydrogen gas from the tanks. The control unit (80) senses temperatures of the hydrogen tanks (51-54) and regulates hydrogen gas supply from a tank used as a supply source according to the relation between the temperature of such a tank used as the supply source and the guaranteed temperature range within which adequate performance of the tank is assured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be stored in gas in the container to outside gas supplied supplier.
Background technique
In the past, as being stored in gas in the container to outside gas supplied supplier, the known device that has with hydrogen being the fuel cell hydrogen supply of fuel.
The spy opens 2001-295996 communique and the special gas supply device that flat 8-115731 communique discloses the hydrogen in a plurality of containers of supply storage, the wherein said a plurality of containers employing hydrogen storing alloys opened.
Open in the 2002-181295 communique the spy, disclose the gas supply device of the hydrogen in the container that is used to supply with storage high pressure hydrogen.
When supply is stored in gas in the container, because from the adiabatic expansion of container gas supplied, comprise that the temperature of the container associated components such as regulator, valve of container body descends.The temperature of container associated components exists the container associated components to shift to an earlier date the problem of deterioration when the excessive temperature commonly used of each parts descends.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes just in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a kind of and can suppresses that Yin Wendu such as (or reduction) follows gas to supply with the gas supply device of the harm that descends and cause.
In order to address the above problem, gas supply device of the present invention is characterized in that, comprising: container, and it has the reservoir of inventory of gas and this gas of being stored is reduced pressure and is discharged into the discharging mechanism of this reservoir outside; Temperature detecting part is used to detect the temperature of said vesse; And the supply limitation part, according to the temperature of this detected container, adjust gas from this supply for receptacles.According to gas supply device of the present invention, because the supply of corresponding vessel temp adjustments of gas, thereby can suppress Yin Wendu and follow gas to supply with the harm that descends and cause.
Gas supply device of the present invention with said structure can adopt following form.Can have a plurality of said vesses, the said temperature detection unit detects the temperature of above-mentioned a plurality of containers, and the temperature of the corresponding above-mentioned detected container of above-mentioned supply limitation part limits gas and supplies with, so that the temperature difference between above-mentioned a plurality of container diminishes.Thus, can realize the equilibrium of the temperature between a plurality of containers, follow gas to supply with the harm that descends and cause thereby can suppress Yin Wendu.
In this case, above-mentioned supply limitation part, in temperature as the container of above-mentioned gas supply source, when the temperature when this container is switched to supply source reduces set point of temperature, can switch to the supply that supply source limits gas by other containers that will be different from this container, so that the temperature difference between above-mentioned a plurality of container diminishes.And, above-mentioned supply limitation part, when the vessel temp as the above-mentioned gas supply source reaches the set point of temperature difference with other vessel temps that are different from this container, can be by these other containers be switched to the supply that supply source limits gas, so that the temperature difference between above-mentioned a plurality of container diminishes.In addition, to switch to the container of above-mentioned supply source can be the highest container of temperature in above-mentioned a plurality of container to above-mentioned supply limitation part.
And, also can have and be used for the pressure detecting portion that the pressure to above-mentioned a plurality of containers detects, above-mentioned supply limitation part, the temperature that can corresponding above-mentioned detected a plurality of containers and the supply of pressure limit gas are so that temperature difference and pressure difference between these a plurality of containers diminish.Thus, can suppress to make the temperature frequency of utilization decline of the container of reduction easily because of the environment that is provided with between a plurality of containers.
And above-mentioned supply limitation part also can and be used to guarantee this container performance relation between degree of the insulation zone really according to the temperature of above-mentioned detected container, adjusts from the supply of the gas of this container.Thus, temperature and the container adjustment of the relation between degree of insulation zone gas supply really by according to container can reduce gas delivery volume, the decline of the vessel temp that causes thereby inhibition is supplied with along with gas.
In this case, above-mentioned supply limitation part can be adjusted from the gas of this container and supply with, and is used to guarantee this container performance degree of insulation zone really to prevent that above-mentioned detected vessel temp from departing from.Can suppress the excessive reduction of vessel temp thus.
And, also can have a plurality of said vesses, the said temperature detection unit detects in above-mentioned a plurality of container, at least as the temperature of the container of above-mentioned gas supply source, above-mentioned supply limitation part according to above-mentioned detected as supply source vessel temp and be used to guarantee this container performance relation between degree of the insulation zone really, adjust from gas and supply with as the container of this supply source.Thus, also can suppress Yin Wendu such as (or minimizing) having under the situation of a plurality of containers follows gas to supply with the harm that reduces and cause.Wherein, " restriction gas is supplied with " not only comprises and blocks the situation that gas is supplied with, and also comprises the situation that reduces gas delivery volume.
At this, above-mentioned supply limitation part can be adjusted from the gas as the container of this supply source and supply with, and is used to guarantee this container performance degree of insulation zone really with the temperature departure that prevents above-mentioned detected container as supply source.Thus, even have the excessive reduction that also can suppress vessel temp under the situation of a plurality of containers.
And above-mentioned supply limitation part when above-mentioned detected vessel temp as supply source, after this container becomes above-mentioned supply source, above-mentioned when guaranteeing in the temperature province to reduce set point of temperature, can limit from the gas as the container of this supply source and supply with; The said temperature detection unit detects the temperature of above-mentioned a plurality of containers; Above-mentioned supply limitation part, when the temperature of above-mentioned detected vessel temp as supply source and other containers that are different from this container above-mentioned when guaranteeing to reach the set point of temperature difference in the temperature province, restriction is supplied with from the gas as the container of this supply source.Can realize the temperature equalization between each container thus.And, also can have and be used for the pressure detecting portion that the pressure to above-mentioned a plurality of containers detects, when reaching the afore mentioned rules temperature difference, or above-mentioned detected container pressure and other container pressures of being different from this container when reaching the authorized pressure difference as supply source, above-mentioned supply limitation part restriction is supplied with from the gas as the container of this supply source.Can realize the temperature between each container and the equilibrium of pressure thus.
And above-mentioned supply limitation part can also have the container selection device, when this container selection device is supplied with at the restriction above-mentioned gas, from as the container of selecting different other containers of the container of above-mentioned supply source as above-mentioned supply source.Can carry out gas thus constantly supplies with.
In the present invention, in various forms shown below, comprise the control of intermittently using each container.For example, when having n container, as " first container → second container ... → the n container → first container → second container ... " shown in, comprise the control of using a plurality of containers with order specified repeatedly among the present invention.The use of container order is fixing, also can select the container that next time will use judging when needing to switch supply source.That is, control of the present invention also comprise " first container → second container → first container → 3rd container → ... " on off-specification ground or with the form of the uncertain container that uses in order.At this moment, as use the container selection standard next time, for example can be, both graded etc. was set according to the gas surplus of the temperature of container, container.
And the said vesse selection device also can be to select any one container in above-mentioned a plurality of container as the device of above-mentioned supply source constantly at each.In the present invention, though can select a plurality of containers such as 2 or 3 together as supply source, be provided with under the situation of a plurality of containers, post-decompression supply pressure can produce deviation usually between container.According to this deviation, carry out gas simultaneously when supplying with from a plurality of containers, can preferentially use the high side of supply pressure, so can produce deviation from the gas delivery volume of each container, the temperature decline that causes because of expansion.By selecting any one container as supply source, the influence that can avoid above-mentioned deviation to cause, thus can simplify the control processing that is used to switch container, realize the stabilization that gas is supplied with.When concentrating a plurality of containers, preferably, adjust gas delivery volume, so that each supply pressure homogenization and can not produce above-mentioned delivery volume deviation from each container as supply source.
And above-mentioned supply limitation part can be according to above-mentioned a plurality of containers as the use of above-mentioned supply source through always selecting device as the container of above-mentioned supply source.Can realize the homogenization of the frequency of utilization between a plurality of containers thus.And the said temperature detection unit detects the temperature of above-mentioned a plurality of containers; Above-mentioned selection device can be to select device as the container of above-mentioned supply source according to the temperature of above-mentioned detected a plurality of containers.Thus, can select to be fit to do the container of next supply source according to the state of temperature of container.
And above-mentioned supply limitation part can comprise: failure judgment device is used to judge from the gas as the container of above-mentioned supply source to supply with whether there is fault; With the fault selection device, when judging container as above-mentioned supply source and have fault, from other containers that are different from this container, select container as above-mentioned supply source.Can guarantee the stable supplying of gas thus.For example can judge the fault that gas is supplied with according to the pressure oscillation of supplying pipe.
And can comprise: supplying pipe in order to supply with described gas, is connected on each discharging mechanism of described a plurality of containers jointly; The supplying pipe detection unit is used for the pressure of above-mentioned supplying pipe is detected; With supplying pipe inspection portion, when beginning to supply with above-mentioned gas,, check to have at least an above-mentioned discharging mechanism to have no abnormal according to the pressure oscillation of above-mentioned detected supplying pipe.For example, if even under the state of the complete discharging mechanism of closing containers, the pressure of supplying pipe does not descend yet, and then can be judged as the function of closing discharging mechanism and exist unusual.On the contrary, if even under the state of the discharging mechanism of opening container, the pressure of supplying pipe does not rise yet, and then can be judged as the function of opening discharging mechanism and exist unusual.
And the said temperature detection unit, can according to the temperature that detects this container from the relevant physical quantity of said vesse gas supplied.Thus, can detect the temperature of container according to the Volume Changes of gas or variation in pressure etc.In addition, and from the relevant physical quantity of container gas supplied can be and the relevant physical quantity of gas after internal tank discharging, also can with before the internal tank discharging, be stored in the relevant physical quantity of gas of internal tank.
And the said temperature detection unit can be according to the temperature that goes out this container from the adiabatic expansion degree detecting of said vesse gas supplied.Thus, can infer the reduction scope of vessel temp, and detect the temperature of container in advance.
And the said temperature detection unit can detect the temperature of this container according to the heat that said vesse institute gas supplied is captured from this container.Thus, can detect the temperature of container from the heat that gas is captured.
And, can detect temperature at least a portion of above-mentioned reservoir and above-mentioned discharging mechanism as the temperature of this container.Thus, can directly detect the temperature of container.
And the said temperature detection unit can be according to the temperature that detects this container from said vesse gas supplied delivery volume.Thus, can detect the temperature of container from the gas delivery volume relevant with vessel temp.The heat that gas is captured from container changes respectively with relevant from container gas supplied amount with vessel temp.Because gas delivery volume is relevant with container inner pressure, thereby can be with pressure as parameter.Pressure during as parameter, had the advantage that can omit temperature transducer.
Can also have and be used for heating unit that above-mentioned reservoir is heated.Thus, the vessel temp rate of descent in the gas supply can be reduced, and the switching frequency of container can be reduced.And the temperature that can promote to stop the container that gas supplies with is recovered.About stopping the container that gas is supplied with, though before temperature is recovered fully, can not be elected to be next supply source,, can stably guarantee can be used as the container of supply source by promoting the temperature recovery, thus supply gas stably.
And, also can comprise report portion, this report portion exists that report should be unusual when unusual supplying with from the gas of said vesse.Report can be taked various forms unusually.For example remove and have unusual container, calculate the total surplus of gas, thereby proofread and correct the demonstration of surplus meter.Therefore, owing to the gas surplus reduces rapidly, thereby the manager can learn that generation is unusual.As another form, with total surplus irrespectively, can light the emergency warning lamp of gas deficiency or make the emergency warning lamp flicker of gas deficiency.As another form, can be provided for reporting that each container has N/R warning to show.Report is not limited to demonstration unusually, can also report one by sound.
The present invention can be applicable to the supplier of all gases.As an example, can constitute following gas supply device: above-mentioned gas is hydrogeneous fuel cell-use fuel gas, and this gas is to be the fuel cell of fuel with hydrogen with supplying with.Needn't comprise above-mentioned whole various features, can suitably omit a part, perhaps can make up.The present invention can constitute the device of fixed, also can constitute the device that is loaded into the loading type on vehicle and other moving bodys.The present invention is not limited to the form as the above-mentioned gas supplier, also can constitute the various forms such as controlling method of gas supply device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the explanatory drawing of expression first embodiment's fuel cell system 10.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the control processing of expression control device 80.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the control processing of expression control device 80.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the control processing of expression control device 80.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the control processing of expression control device 80.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the control processing of expression control device 80.
Fig. 7 is the explanatory drawing of brief configuration of expression second embodiment's vehicle 310.
Fig. 8 is the structure explanatory drawing of expression to the gas supply system of fuel cell 320 supply gas.
The flow chart that inspection when Fig. 9 is 340 startings of expression control unit is handled.
Figure 10 is the flow chart that the gas of expression control unit 340 is supplied with control.
Figure 11 is the flow chart that the gas supply source of expression control unit 340 specifies processing.
Figure 12 is the explanatory drawing of expression supply source container selection example.
Figure 13 is the flow chart that the exception reporting of expression control unit 340 is handled.
Figure 14 is the flow chart that the heater heats of expression control unit 340 is handled.
Figure 15 is the flow chart that expression gas supply source specifies first variation of processing.
Figure 16 is the flow chart that expression gas supply source specifies second variation of processing.
Figure 17 is the flow chart that expression gas supply source specifies the 3rd variation of processing.
Embodiment
For the structure of the present invention and the effect of further clear and definite above explanation, used gas supply device of the present invention below by following order explanation.
A. first embodiment
A-(1). the structure of fuel cell system 10
A-(2). the action of fuel cell system 10
A-(3). other mode of executions
B. second embodiment
B-(1). system architecture
B-(2). check during starting and handle
B-(3). gas is supplied with control
B-(3-1). the gas supply source specifies processing
B-(3-2). exception reporting is handled
B-(3-3). heater heats is handled
B-(4). effect
B-(5). the gas supply source specifies the variation of processing
B-(6). other mode of executions
A. first embodiment:
A-(1). the structure of fuel cell system 10:
Fig. 1 is the explanatory drawing of expression first embodiment's fuel cell system 10.In Fig. 1, with hydrogen supply system as central representation fuel cell system 10.Fuel cell system 10 constitutes the Vehicular electric generator that is loaded into fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) and generates electricity, and it comprises the supply of acceptable response gas (fuel gas, oxidizing gas) and the fuel cell 20 that generates electricity.Fuel cell 20 has membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) 24, described membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) 24 is by silk-screen printing etc., on a face of the polyelectrolyte membrane 21 that constitutes by proton conductivity ion exchange membrane etc., form anode 22, form negative electrode 23 on another face, wherein said proton conductivity ion exchange membrane is formed by fluorine-type resin.Clamping has flanged dividing plate (not shown) between two faces of membrane-electrode assembly 24, is formed with the anode air flue 25 and the negative electrode air flue 26 of groove shape between this dividing plate and anode 22 and the negative electrode 23 respectively.Fuel cell 20 electricity supply to load 70.At this, for convenience of explanation, though schematically illustrate the single-cell structure that constitutes by membrane-electrode assembly 24, anode air flue 25 and negative electrode air flue 26, in fact have by the be connected in series stepped construction of a plurality of monocels of aforesaid flanged dividing plate.
Hydrogen supplier 50 has loaded four hydrogen storage containers 51,52,53,54 that are used for supplying with to fuel cell 20 hydrogen (fuel gas).Hydrogen supplier 50 carries out hydrogen by any one hydrogen storage container that is elected to be the hydrogen supply source from hydrogen storage container 51～54 and supplies with.Be filled with the hydrogen that is compressed into high pressure (for example 300～700 air pressure) in the hydrogen storage container 51～54.The hydrogen supply equipment that is used for from the hydrogenation station etc. is filled the filling pipe 55 of hydrogen to each hydrogen storage container 51～54, is branched off into 4 strands by four branched pipe 55a～55d, and is communicated with hydrogen storage container 51～54.Each branched pipe 55a～55d is provided with safety check D1～D4 of preventing the hydrogen adverse current when filling hydrogen, is used to detect pressure transducer P1～P4 that presses in the container and the temperature transducer T1～T4 that is used to detect vessel temp.Be used for being branched off into 4 strands by four branched pipe 31a～31d, and being communicated with hydrogen storage container 51～54 from the hydrogen supplying pipe 31 of hydrogen supplier 50 to fuel cell 20 supply hydrogen.Branched pipe 31a～31d is provided with a regulator (pressure regulator valve) A1～A4 that hydrogen pressure is reduced pressure, be used to block vessel valve (electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV)) VT1～VT4 from the discharging of the hydrogen of hydrogen storage container 51～54.
The hydrogen supply system of fuel cell system 10 is provided with following pipeline: above-mentioned hydrogen supplying pipe 31, make the anode waste gas (hydrogen waste gas) of discharging from anode air flue 25 be back to the circulation stream 32 of anode air flue 25.Constitute the hydrogen circulatory system by this hydrogen supplying pipe 31 and circulation stream 32.The electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B1 that the hydrogen that hydrogen supplying pipe 31 is provided with secondary regulator (pressure regulator valve) A5, the pressure transducer P5 that is used to detect the hydrogen pressure that flows between an above-mentioned regulator A1～A4 and secondary regulator A5 that are used for hydrogen pressure is reduced pressure, block the anode inlet is supplied with and being used to detects the pressure transducer P6 of the gas pressure of anode inlet.Circulation stream 32 is provided with the electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B2 that is used to block the anode waste gas of discharging from anode export, is used to make anode waste gas to be back to the recycle pump C1 of hydrogen supplying pipe 31 and is used to detect the upstream pressure of recycle pump C1 and pressure transducer P7, the P8 of downstream pressure.The anode waste gas that is under pressure during by anode air flue 25 and loses is boosted to suitable gas pressure by the recycle pump C1 that drives by motor M1, and is directed to hydrogen supplying pipe 31.On the circulation stream 32, branch configuration has anode waste gas stream 33, and when contained dehydrogenation constituent concentration in addition uprised in recycle hydrogen, described anode waste gas stream 33 was discharged to a part of anode waste gas outside the system from circulation stream 32.Can be located at electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) (outlet valve) B3 on the anode waste gas stream 33 by switching, adjust the discharge of anode waste gas and handle.
In the oxygen supply system of fuel cell system 10, dispose and be used for supplying with the oxygen supply path 41 of oxygen (oxidizing gas) and will guiding to cathode gas flow path 42 outside the system from the cathode exhaust (oxidation gaseous effluent) that negative electrode air flue 26 is discharged to negative electrode air flue 26.The air that from atmosphere, imports by air-strainer 61, pass through motor M2 driven air compressor C2 pressurization after, by humidifier 62 humidification moderately, and via oxygen supply path 41 inflow negative electrode air flue 26.Utilize humidifier 62, carry out exchange of moisture between the oxygen of cathode exhaust that becomes the high-humidity state and the low moistening state that imports from atmosphere, wherein said cathode exhaust is because the generation water that the cell reaction by fuel cell 20 produces becomes the high-humidity state.Cathode exhaust, carry out pressure regulation by regulator A6 after, flow into cathode gas flow path 42 via humidifier 62, and be directed to baffler 64,65.The cathode exhaust that carries out noise reduction by baffler is discharged to outside the system.Dispose bypass flow path 43 on the cathode gas flow path 42, described bypass flow path 43 is communicated with diluter 63 branches that are used to dilute anode waste gas, and collaborates once more with cathode gas flow path 42.In diluter 63, import anode waste gas (diluted gas) via anode waste gas stream 33, the mixed dilution of cathode exhaust (diluent gas) of in bypass flow path 43, flowing.And, also be provided with the temperature transducer T5 that is used to detect external air temperature on the air-strainer 61.
Control device (control gear) 80 construction system controllers, this SC system controller comprises: be used to carry out system's control CPU, be used for to various solenoid valves (VT1～VT4, B1～B3) carry out open and close controlling drive circuit, accept from (the input of the sensor signal of output of P1～P5, T1～T5) and of various sensors to various solenoid valves (VT1～VT4, B1～B3) or the subsidiary engine class (input/output interface of the output control signal of M1～M2) etc.80 pairs of systems of control device control, so that obtain the electric power that requires of load 70 according to accelerator pedal sensor 82 detected accelerator pedal apertures and the vehicle speed sensor 83 detected speed of a motor vehicle, and drive control motor M1, M2 and electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B3 adjust hydrogen amount and the oxygen amount of supplying with to fuel cell 20, thereby obtain desirable generated energy.Except fuel cell 20, also can be by secondary cell (not shown) to load 70 supply capabilities.As load 70, comprise the traction motor that vehicle driving uses, the subsidiary engine class (motor M1, M2 etc.) of fuel cell 20.In addition, control device 80 is according to the state of temperature from the sensor signal monitoring hydrogen storage container 51～54 of pressure transducer P1～P5 and temperature transducer T1～T5 output, and each vessel valve VT1～VT4 is carried out open and close controlling separately and carries out the switching controls of hydrogen storage container 51～54.Store the use experience of hydrogen storage container 51～54 in the memory section 81.The so-called experience of using, be meant the value of estimating quantitatively for the user mode of hydrogen storage container 51～54, for example can adopt the accumulation service time (aggregate-value of the shut-in time of vessel valve VT1～VT4) of the value etc. that multiplies each other of this accumulation service time and container pressure maybe of frequency of utilization (vessel valve VT1～VT4 open number of times), the hydrogen storage container 51～54 of hydrogen storage container 51～54.When any one hydrogen storage container 51～54 being used as the hydrogen supply source, all use experience to be updated to last look it successively at every turn.Control device 80 makes up etc. according to the use experience of hydrogen storage container 51～54 or state of temperature or to both, selects any one hydrogen storage container as the hydrogen supply source.And in the intermittent running pattern, make electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B1, B2 closes and interdict to the hydrogen of fuel cell 20 and supply with, and leak and judge according to carry out hydrogen from the sensor signal of pressure transducer P6～P8 output, thus the safety of check system.
A-(2). the action of fuel cell system 10:
Then, with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 6, selection and hand-off process as the hydrogen storage container of hydrogen supply source are described.Carry out these control procedures shown in the drawings by control device 80.At first, check whether the enable switch that is used for the instruction system starting is in on-state (step S1).This enable switch is equivalent to be mounted with the ignition key of the vehicle of internal-combustion engine.When enable switch is in on-state (step S1: be), control device 80 is read the frequency of utilization (step S2) that is stored in the hydrogen storage container in the memory section 81.At this, though as the use experience illustration of hydrogen storage container frequency of utilization, be not limited to this, for example also can use the value etc. that multiplies each other of maybe pressing in this accumulation service time and the container above-mentioned accumulation service time.Then, check when whether being in system's starting (step S3).
When being in system's starting (step S3: be), must supplying with hydrogen to hydrogen supplying pipe 31 and fuel cell 20, and pressurize.In order to shorten the starting time as far as possible, open whole vessel valve VT1～VT4 (step S4), when the detected pressures of pressure transducer P6～P8 surpasses threshold pressure Pk1 (step S5: be), close whole vessel valve VT1～VT4 (step S6), carry out hydrogen and leak judgement (step S7).For the hydrogen leakage of carrying out hydrogen supplying pipe 31 and circulation stream 32 is judged, preferred selected necessary and sufficient force value is as threshold pressure Pk1.Leak in the judgement (step S7) at hydrogen, under the state of airtight hydrogen supplying pipe 31 and circulation stream 32, judge that according to the whether overshoot threshold value of pressure decline scope that detects by pressure transducer P5～P8 hydrogen leaks making electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B1～B3 Close All.When the hydrogen leakage takes place (step S8: be), then carry out system exception and stop (step S9).On the contrary, (step S3: not) or (step S8: not), jump to step S10 when hydrogen not taking place leaking when system's unstart.
At step S10, check and whether can travel.(step S10: not), jump to step S38 in the time of can not travelling.In the time of can travelling (step S10: be), from hydrogen storage container 51～54, select the hydrogen storage container of frequency of utilization minimum as hydrogen supply source (step S11).When the hydrogen storage container of a plurality of frequency of utilization minimums is arranged, preferably select the wherein the highest hydrogen storage container of temperature.Then, check that the temperature T N of the hydrogen storage container be elected to be the hydrogen supply source is whether below threshold temperature Tc1 (step S12).Temperature T N is the detected vessel temp that is elected to be the hydrogen storage container 51～54 of hydrogen supply source of temperature transducer T1～T4.Threshold temperature Tc1 is that as the reference temperature that container switches, the temperature that can be set in hydrogen storage container is guaranteed near the lower limit temperature T0 in zone in order to suppress vessel temp decline to cause the hydrogen storage container deterioration.Guarantee the zone preferably as this temperature, for example be set at the temperature range that vessel valve VT1～VT4 of using hydrogen storage container 51～54, O shape ring etc. can bear.(step S12: not) when temperature T N surpasses threshold temperature Tc1, the frequency of utilization of selected hydrogen storage container adds 1 (step S17a), and the vessel valve that makes selected hydrogen storage container is opened (step S17b), supplies with hydrogen and begins generating (step S18) to fuel cell 20.
On the other hand, as temperature T N (step S12: be) when threshold temperature Tc1 is following, in order to suppress the deterioration of hydrogen storage container, select the few hydrogen storage container of frequency of utilization second as hydrogen supply source (step S13).Then, check whether to have selected whole hydrogen storage container (step S14), when having still non-selected hydrogen storage container (step S14: deny), then turn back to step S12.Thus, by the few hydrogen storage container of preferential selection frequency of utilization, can make the frequency of utilization homogenization of each hydrogen storage container 51～54.And,,, can suppress the decline of hydrogen storage container temperature and the deterioration that causes by reselecting other hydrogen storage containers as the hydrogen supply source when with the temperature T N that uses the hydrogen storage container that frequency selects as benchmark when lower than threshold temperature Tc1.At this,,, supply with hydrogen to fuel cell 20 from whole hydrogen storage containers 51～54 by vessel valve VT1～VT4 is all opened (step S15) when the temperature (step S14: be) when threshold temperature Tc1 is following of whole hydrogen storage containers 51～54.Thus, by reducing the hydrogen delivery volume of each hydrogen storage container, the temperature decline scope of hydrogen storage container is diminished, thereby can suppress the deterioration of hydrogen storage container.Then, carry out the export-restriction of fuel cell 20 as benchmark, and begin generating (step S16) with the hydrogen storage container of minimum temperature.When between threshold temperature Tc1 and temperature are guaranteed the lower limit temperature T0 in zone, having constant degree more than needed, the output of fuel cell 20 (generated energy) as described above, need not stop vehicle just can guaranteeing to travel in required MIN electric power.But, when threshold temperature Tc1 guarantees the lower limit temperature T0 in zone near temperature,, also vessel valve VT1～VT4 all can be opened and make and stop vehicle for fear of the deterioration of hydrogen storage container 51～54.
When carrying out the Generation Control of fuel cell 20, according to by accelerator pedal sensor 82 detected accelerator pedal apertures with by the vehicle speed sensor 83 detected speed of a motor vehicle, that calculates load 70 requires electric power (step S19), obtains the export ratio (step S20) of fuel cell 20 and secondary cell (not shown) thus.Then, the air displacement of the generated energy of fuel cell 20 and the anode waste gas of discharging from electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B3 calculates the hydrogen amount that fuel cell 20 consumed (the hydrogen amount of supplying with to fuel cell 20 from hydrogen storage container) (step S21).Then, according to the ratio of the internal pressure (container residual pressure) that from hydrogen storage container 51,52,53,54, is elected to be the supply source container of hydrogen supply source, obtain adiabatic expansion degree (temperature decline scope) (step S22) with outlet pressure.The adiabatic expansion degree of hydrogen can be obtained by pressure (by the detected pressure of pressure transducer P1～P4) and the secondary pressure (by the detected pressure of pressure transducer P5) of a regulator A1～A4.Then, calculate [temperature decline scope] * [flow], infer the caloric receptivity Q1 (step S23) that calculates the supply source container thus according to hydrogen consumption and adiabatic expansion degree.Then,, calculate the caloric receptivity Q2 (step S24) that the supply source container obtains from extraneous gas, and obtain total caloric receptivity Q (step S25) that the supply source container absorbs by caloric receptivity Q1-caloric receptivity Q2 according to the detected external air temperature of temperature transducer T5.Then, according to the thermal capacity of supply source container, vessel temp, always the Q that recepts the caloric obtains the temperature decline range delta T (step S26) of supply source container.Then,, infer to calculate the temperature T N ' (step S27) of supply source container, and check that temperature T N ' is whether below threshold temperature Tc2 (step S28) according to TN '=TN-Δ T.As threshold temperature Tc2, for example preferably, low and higher than the lower limit temperature T0 that the guarantees temperature province temperature than threshold temperature Tc1 (T0＜Tc2＜Tc1).(step S28: not), jump to step S38 when temperature T N ' is higher than threshold temperature Tc2.
On the other hand, as temperature T N ' (step S28: be) when threshold temperature Tc2 is following,, from the hydrogen storage container that is not selected as the hydrogen supply source as yet, select the hydrogen storage container of frequency of utilization minimum as hydrogen supply source (step S29) for fear of the deterioration of hydrogen storage container.Then, check that the temperature T N of selecteed this hydrogen storage container is whether below threshold temperature Tc1 (step S30).As TN (step S30: be) when Tc1 is following, select the few hydrogen storage container of frequency of utilization second as hydrogen supply source (step S31).Then, check whether to have selected whole hydrogen storage containers (step S32), when having still non-selected hydrogen storage container (step S32: deny), then turn back to step S30.At this,,, supply with hydrogen to fuel cell 20 from whole hydrogen storage containers 51～54 by vessel valve VT1～VT4 is all opened (step S33) when the temperature (step S32: be) when threshold temperature Tc1 is following of whole hydrogen storage containers 51～54.Then, the hydrogen storage container minimum with temperature carries out the export-restriction of fuel cell 20 as benchmark, and begins generating (step S34).Certainly, when the temperature (step S32: be) when threshold temperature Tc1 is following of whole hydrogen storage containers 51～54, also can be by vehicle being stopped vessel valve VT1～VT4 Close All.On the other hand, (step S30: not), the frequency of utilization of selected hydrogen storage container adds 1 (step S35), and opens vessel valve (step S36), and fuel cell 20 begins generating (step S37) when the temperature T N of selected hydrogen storage container surpasses Tc1.
At step S38, check that intermittent running begins condition and whether sets up.Intermittent running is meant as low speed driving or idle running etc., the electric power that can utilize electric accumulators such as secondary cell to supply with makes under the low loading condition of degree of vehicle driving, fuel cell 20 shuts down, and makes the operation mode of vehicle driving by the electric power of supplying with from electric accumulator.(step S38: not), jump to step S10 when the intermittent running condition of beginning is false.When the intermittent running condition that begins is set up (step S38: be), with vessel valve VT1～VT4, electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B1～B3 Close All (step S39), thus generation outage (step S40).At this moment, in order to confirm the Security of system, also can carry out hydrogen and leak judgement.Can implement hydrogen by the order identical and leak judgement with step S7.Then, check whether the intermittent running condition subsequent sets up (step S41).(step S41: not), jump to step S38 when intermittent running releasing beginning condition is false.On the other hand, when intermittently condition subsequent is set up (step S41: be),,, make vessel valve VT1～VT4, electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B1～B2 all open (step S42) to shorten the starting time in order to supply with hydrogen to hydrogen supplying pipe 31 and fuel cell 20 as early as possible.Thereby fuel cell 20 carries out the transition to common operating condition, and generates electricity.Whether then, checking has system to stop requirement (step S43), (step S43: not), then jump to step S19 when not having system to stop requirement.When having system to stop requirement (step S43: be), with vessel valve VT1～VT4, electromagnetism intercepter valve (IV) B1～B3 Close All (step S44) and make system stop (step S45).
According to present embodiment,, cause hydrogen storage container 51～54 deteriorations so can suppress vessel temp to descend owing to select and switch hydrogen storage container as the hydrogen supply source according to the state of temperature of hydrogen storage container 51～54.And, inside at the few hydrogen storage container of frequency of utilization, owing to be applied with high pressure for a long time, thereby might make mechanical part etc. produce permanent deformation, the tightness of infringement hydrogen storage container, but, can make the frequency of utilization homogenization of each hydrogen storage container 51～54, thereby can remove these shortcomings by to use frequency to select hydrogen storage container as selection reference.
A-(3). other mode of executions:
In addition, though example to use the selection reference of frequency as the hydrogen storage container of hydrogen supply source, but be not limited to this, the value that multiplies each other that maybe press in this accumulation service time and the container accumulation service time that also can adopt hydrogen storage container 51～54 etc. can be estimated the value of user mode of hydrogen storage container 51～54 quantitatively as selection reference.And, in order to make the frequency of utilization homogenization of hydrogen storage container 51～54 as far as possible, preferably, even after hydrogen storage container is filled hydrogen, frequency of utilization is not resetted (zero clearing) yet.And, also can or make up both and determine selection reference according to the use experience or the vessel temp of hydrogen storage container 51～54.Also can improve the relative importance value of any one party when making up both and determine selection reference.For example, (among step S11～S14, the step S29～S32), also can make the priority of frequency of utilization be higher than vessel temp and determine selection reference at above-mentioned example.
And, at above-mentioned example (among the step S21～S27), though according to the physical quantity relevant, be that the adiabatic expansion degree of hydrogen is inferred vessel temp with container institute gas supplied, and will infer that temperature is as the judgment standard that switches container, but also can infer and calculate vessel temp, and will infer that temperature is as the judgment standard that switches container according to the physical quantity relevant (physical quantity beyond the adiabatic expansion degree) with vessel temp.For example, said temperature sensor T1～T5 and pressure transducer P1～P5 be as being used to detect the detection device of the physical quantity relevant with the temperature of hydrogen storage container 51～54 and bringing into play function, but also can use physical sensors in addition and detect the physical quantity relevant with vessel temp.In addition, also can infer the calculating vessel temp, and with the judgment standard of the detected vessel temp of temperature transducer T1～T4 as the switching container.
In addition, in above-mentioned example (step S29), though when guaranteeing that temperature province is following, carry out container and switch being judged as vessel temp, but non-constantly leave no choice but carry out container and switch, also can limit from the hydrogen storage container that is elected to be the hydrogen supply source after the hydrogen delivery volume that fuel cell 20 is supplied with, proceed hydrogen and supply with.Restriction can be taked the generated energy of fuel cell 20 or increase the corresponding measures of supplying with to load 70 from electric accumulators such as secondary cells such as electric power delivery volume during from the hydrogen delivery volume of hydrogen storage container.
And, in above-mentioned example, though example adopt the hydrogen storage container 51～54 be filled with high pressure hydrogen as the hydrogen supply source, be not limited to this, for example also can use the hydrogen occlusion container that is filled with hydrogen storing alloy in container, hydrogen can reversibly be stored and discharge to described hydrogen storing alloy.Hydrogen storing alloy is the alloy that forms metal hydride with H-H reaction, has the reversibility that can carry out hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reaction under practical condition with gratifying reaction velocity.For example, has following character: the gas pressure of hydrogen is boosted or then occlude hydrogen and heating when reducing gas temperature, then discharge hydrogen and heat absorption when the gas pressure of hydrogen is carried out step-down or improves gas temperature.As hydrogen storing alloy, for example preferred Mg-Ni class, La-Ni class, Ti-Mn class etc.And, in above-mentioned example, although understand to have the situation of a plurality of hydrogen storage containers 51～54, but the number that is loaded in the hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen supplier 50 also can be single.
B. second embodiment:
B-(1). system architecture:
Fig. 7 is the explanatory drawing of brief configuration of expression second embodiment's vehicle 310.Vehicle 310 is power supply with the fuel cell 320 that is loaded in the rear portion fuel cell chamber 312, and drives by the power of motor 330.Though motor 330 can adopt all kinds, used synchronous motor in the present embodiment.Be transformed device 331 from the direct current of fuel cell 320 output and be transformed into threephase AC.Come drive motor 330 by this threephase AC.The power of motor 330 is delivered to wheel 333 by running shaft 332, with powered vehicle 310.
Come control change device 331 grades to be loaded in the action of each equipment on the vehicle 310 by control unit 340.Control unit 340 constitutes the inner microcomputer that comprises CPU, ROM, RAM etc., controls the action of each unit according to being stored in control program among the ROM.
The function block of in Fig. 7, having represented control unit 340.In the present embodiment, in control unit 340, constitute these function blocks by software.Also can constitute each function block by hardware.
The teamwork under the control of master control part 342 of each function block.Sensor input part 341 is accepted from the signal input that is located at the various sensors on the vehicle 310.As sensor, for example comprise being located at temperature transducer, the pressure transducer that is used on the supply system of fuel cell 320 supply hydrogen and air.Also comprise the accelerator pedal aperture of wanting demanded driving force when being equivalent to travel from the testing signal of sensor.
Fig. 8 is the structure explanatory drawing of expression to the gas supply system of fuel cell 320 supply gas.As mentioned above, in fuel cell 320, to the pressurized air of negative electrode supply as oxygen-containing gas, anode is supplied with hydrogen.Air sucks from filter cleaner 325, after compressor 326 compressions, is carried out humidification by humidifier 327, and supplies with by supplying pipe 324.Supplying pipe 324 is provided with the pressure transducer 328 of the supply pressure that is used to detect air.
Supply with hydrogen from 4 hydrogen storage containers 359 via supplying pipe 322 anode.In Fig. 8, for ease of explanation, to the container number of each container mark (1)～(4).Hereinafter, according to this container number, sometimes each hydrogen storage container 350 difference is called container～No. 4 container No. 1.In gas supply system,, will be called the downstream side near a side of fuel cell 320 because hydrogen flows into fuel cell 320 from hydrogen storage container 350, thereby for convenience of explanation, will be called upstream side near a side of hydrogen storage container 350 sometimes.
Each hydrogen storage container 350 is with the hig pressure storage hydrogen of about 350 air pressure.On hydrogen storage container 350, be provided with and be used for regulator 355 that hydrogen is reduced pressure and the open and close valve 351 that opens and closes according to control signal electro permanent magnetic ground from control unit 340.The pressure of hydrogen before supplying to fuel cell 320, is further depressurized in the centre of supplying pipe 322, omits the diagram to this mechanism of decompressor.
On the hydrogen storage container 350, be provided with temperature transducer 353 in the downstream side of regulator 355.Temperature transducer 353 is located at and can detects on the position that is conditioned device 355 post-decompression hydrogen temperature.The position that is provided with of temperature transducer 353 is not limited to illustrated position, can select to measure directly or indirectly regulate 355, each position of the operating temperature of open and close valve 351.
From hydrogen storage container 350 gas supplied, when decompression, descend because of the adiabatic expansion temperature.On hydrogen storage container 350, descend in order to suppress this temperature, and promote the temperature of the hydrogen storage container 350 that temperature descends to recover, be provided with heater 352.
On the hydrogen storage container 350, the side in ratio regulators 355 close upstreams is provided with the pressure transducer 354 that is used for the storage pressure in the measuring vessel.Except these pressure transducers 354, on supplying pipe 322, also be provided with the pressure transducer 329 of the supply pressure that is used to detect hydrogen.
B-(2). check during starting and handle:
Fig. 9 checks the flow chart of handling when being expression control unit 340 practiced startings.Control unit 340, the driver by enable switch being operated etc., during 320 runnings of indication fuel cell, being checked when carrying out starting and handle.
When beginning this processing, control unit 340 is in order to fill hydrogen and to open open and close valve 351 (step S310a) to supplying pipe 322.After supplying pipe 322 is filled hydrogen, close the open and close valve 351 (step S310b) of whole hydrogen storage containers 350, and detect the supply pressure Pa (step S311a) of supplying pipe 322 by pressure transducer 329.Because stopped the supply of hydrogen by closing open and close valve 351, thereby slipped away from fuel cell 320 from the hydrogen of supplying pipe 322, if normal condition, then supply pressure Pa can reduce.In the present embodiment, owing to can detect the variation of supply pressure Pa in the short time, thereby the fuel cell 320 that temporarily turns round, consume the hydrogen of supplying pipe 322 inside, thereby carry out reduced pressure treatment (step S311b).Then, detect the supply pressure Pa (step S311c) of supplying pipe 322 once more, judge whether reduced pressure treatment front and back supply pressure Pa reduces (step S312).When supply pressure Pa does not reduce (step S312), control unit 340 is judged as the open and close valve 351 existence leakages of any hydrogen storage container 350 or fixes with open mode, carries out unusual judgment processing (step S318) thus.As unusual judgment processing, for example can list the processing of setting the unusual unusual judgement symbol that exists of expression.
When supply pressure Pa reduces (step S312), control unit 340 carries out the inspection whether open and close valve 351 (1)～351 (4) is normally opened separately to hydrogen storage container 350 (1)～350 (4) in the following order.Control unit 340 selects any one hydrogen storage container 350 as checking object, opens the open and close valve 351 (step S313) of this inspection object container, and checks supply pressure Pa (step S314).When open and close valve 351 is normally opened, owing to supply with hydrogen from the inspection object container, thereby supply pressure Pa can increase.When supply pressure Pa does not increase (step S315), the opening action that control unit 340 is judged as open and close valve 351 exists unusually, thereby carries out unusual judgment processing (step S318).When supply pressure Pa increases (step S315), it is normal that control unit 340 is judged as open and close valve 351, thus the open and close valve 351 (step S316) of shut down inspection object container.Control unit 340 changes seriatim checks object container, and handles for the inspection of whole hydrogen storage container 350 (1)～350 (4) steps performed S311a～S316.
Check when implementing above-mentioned starting and handle, in the present embodiment, the reliable in action of open and close valve 351 in the time of can improving switching as the hydrogen storage container 350 of supply source, and the fault when suppressing to switch.In above-mentioned processing,, for example also can at supply pressure Pa when defined threshold be following, be judged as supply pressure and reduce at step S312.And also the absolute value of the reduced rate that can produce along with the time at supply pressure Pa reaches defined threshold when above, is judged as supply pressure Pa and reduces.Similarly,, also can use following arbitrary judgement: the judgement of carrying out according to the magnitude relationship of supply pressure Pa and threshold value, or the judgement of carrying out according to the variance ratio of supply pressure Pa at step S315.
B-(3). gas is supplied with control:
Figure 10 is the flow chart that expression control unit 340 practiced gases are supplied with control.Control unit 340 uses hydrogen storage container 350 to supply with the hydrogen of the desired amount of generating for a minute difference, carries out gas repeatedly and supply with control in the operation process of fuel cell 320.
When beginning this processing, control unit 340, demanded driving force (step S320) is wanted in input according to the accelerator pedal aperture, and sets the delivery volume (step S321) of gas.The delivery volume of gas for example can be wanted demanded driving force to pay the map figure of gas delivery volume, function etc. according to correspondence and obtain.
Then, control unit 340 specifies gas supply source (step S330).In the present embodiment, switch hydrogen storage container 350 successively according to following reason, and carry out the supply of hydrogen as supply source.When the hydrogen storage container 350 of storing hydrogen in the high pressure mode was supplied with hydrogen, because adiabatic expansion, the temperature of hydrogen extremely descended.Described temperature descends may cause following harm: because of the sclerosis of the resin component in regulator 355, the open and close valve 351 makes that on-off action is bad, life-span reduction, performance reduction etc.Therefore, in the present embodiment,, switch supply source successively for fear of causing above-mentioned harm because of supplying with hydrogen continuously from a hydrogen storage container 350.That is, be not after a hydrogen storage container 350 uses up, just to switch to next hydrogen storage container 350, but successively four hydrogen storage containers 350 be used as supply source off and on.It is to select processing as the hydrogen storage container 350 of supply source according to above-mentioned viewpoint that the gas supply source specifies processing (step S330).The gas supply source specifies the detailed content of processing and describes hereinafter.
B-(3-1). the gas supply source specifies processing:
Figure 11 is the flow chart that expression control unit 340 practiced gas supply sources specify processing.The gas supply source specifies and handles is the processing that the gas that is equivalent to illustrate is supplied with the step S330 of control (Figure 10), is for fear of the harm that causes that along with the hydrogen adiabatic expansion temperature descends and produced, and selects the processing as the hydrogen storage container 350 of supply source.In the present embodiment, carry out the selection of supply source according to the temperature transducer 353 of each hydrogen storage container 350, the checkout value of pressure transducer 354.
The condition (step S332) of (temperature T＜threshold value Ta) is to be used to avoid the existing condition that descends with the excessive temperature of container.In the present embodiment, adopt-10 ℃ as threshold temperature Ta.Threshold value Ta for example can set following temperature for: can guarantee the lower limit temperature of each parts regular event such as regulator 355, open and close valve 351 or than the temperature of the high established amount of this lower limit temperature.And threshold value Ta also can be set at the temperature that vessel temp when the lower limit temperature internal ratio is switched now with container reduces set point of temperature, for example the temperature of low 5 ℃ of the vessel temp when switching.In addition, threshold value Ta also can followingly set: with poor (for example the average vessel temp of other hydrogen storage containers 350 is poor) of existing vessel temp with other hydrogen storage containers 350 beyond the container when reaching set point of temperature, satisfy the condition of (temperature T＜threshold value Ta).
In step S332, when being judged as the switching that need carry out existing usefulness container, control unit 340 is closed existing open and close valve 351 (step S333) with container.And, with the hydrogen storage container 350 beyond the container, choose vessel temp and reach the above container of threshold value Ta as candidate container (step S334) from existing.Might choose a plurality of candidate containers.
A) the high order of vessel temp;
B) the many orders of surplus;
C) set order;
Use said reference with priority a)～c).That is, at first a), from a plurality of candidate containers, select the highest container of temperature according to benchmark.When having the candidate container of a plurality of such selections, then according to benchmark b) select the maximum container of surplus, be the container of pressure P maximum.And, when having a plurality of candidate container, according to benchmark c) with (No. 1 container → No. 2 container → No. 3 container → No. 4 containers) etc. both graded select.For these benchmark, can carry out various settings, for example can only use benchmark any one in a)～c), also can use benchmark a)～c) according to the priority different with foregoing.
Figure 12 is the explanatory drawing of expression supply source container selection example.The time of having represented the pressure and temperature of No. 1 container (#1)～No. 4 container (#4) changes.In this embodiment, the order that is set at (No. 1 container → No. 2 container → No. 3 container → No. 4 containers) describes.
In the moment 0, be that whole hydrogen storage container 350 (1)～350 (4) pressure are all P0, temperature is the original state of T0.Therefore, be not according to based on the benchmark of temperature a), based on the benchmark b of surplus), but according to benchmark c) order select No. 1 container as the supply source container.
Consequently, in the interval of time 0～t1, the pressure P 1 of No. 1 container reduces, and temperature T 1 also decreases.At moment t1,, thereby carry out the switching of supply source because the temperature of No. 1 container has reached threshold value Ta.At this constantly, the candidate container is No. 2 container～No. 4 containers.Pressure P 2～the P4 of these each containers, temperature T 2～T4 all equate.Thus, according to benchmark c) order, the next container of selecting No. 1 container promptly No. 2 containers as the supply source container.
Consequently, in the interval of time t1～t2, the pressure P 2 of No. 2 containers reduces, and temperature T 2 also decreases.No. 1 container, owing to stopped the supply of hydrogen, thereby pressure P 1 is constant.Owing to does not discharge the cooling effect that hydrogen produces, and utilize heater to heat, thereby temperature T 1 slowly rises.
At moment t2,, thereby carry out the switching of supply source because the temperature of No. 2 containers reaches threshold value Ta.At this constantly, the candidate container is No. 1 container, No. 3 containers, No. 4 containers.The pressure P 1 of these each containers, P3, P4, temperature T 1, T3, T4 have following relation:
Pressure ... P3=P4＞P1;
Temperature ... T3=T4＞T1;
Therefore, a) get rid of No. 1 minimum container of temperature from the candidate container of supply source container according to benchmark, the candidate container is No. 3 containers and No. 4 containers.As a result, according to benchmark c) order, the next container of selecting No. 2 containers promptly No. 3 containers as the supply source container.
At moment t3,, thereby carry out the switching of supply source because the temperature of No. 3 containers reaches threshold value Ta.At this constantly, the candidate container is No. 1 container, No. 2 containers, No. 4 containers.The pressure P 1 of these each containers, P2, P4, temperature T 1, T2, T4 have following relation:
Pressure ... P4＞P1=P2;
Temperature ... T4＞T1＞T2;
Thus, a) select No. 4 the highest containers of temperature according to benchmark as supply source.Below, similarly a)～c) can suitably carry out the supply source container selection by using benchmark.
B-(3-2). exception reporting is handled:
Figure 13 is the flow chart that expression control unit 340 practiced exception reportings are handled.It is to be equivalent to the processing that gas is supplied with the step S350 of control processing (Figure 10) that exception reporting is handled, and is the some abnormity processing that exists that are used for to 4 hydrogen storage containers 350 of Pilot Report.
When beginning to carry out the exception reporting processing, control unit 340 is imported unusual judged result (step S351).As unusual judged result, for example can utilize and when starting, check the unusual judgement symbol of handling setting in (the step S318 of Fig. 9) or the gas supply control processing (the step S341 of Figure 10) etc.In the present embodiment, can be according to unusual judgement symbol, from No. 1 container～No. 4 container, specify individually and have unusual container.
B-(3-3). heater heats is handled:
Figure 14 is the flow chart that expression control unit 340 practiced heater heats are handled.Whether be to be equivalent to the processing that gas is supplied with the step S360 of control processing (Figure 10), be to be used to control to heater 352 energisings of hydrogen storage container 350 and the processing of energising amount.340 pairs of each hydrogen storage containers of control unit 350 are implemented heater heats and are handled.Below, for ease of explanation, the hydrogen storage container 350 of the controlling object that will handle as heater heats is called object container.
When beginning to carry out the heater heats processing, the input (step S361) of the temperature T of control unit 340 accepting object containers.Control unit 340, during greater than predefined target temperature Th, being judged as does not need to utilize heater 352 to heat, and disconnects the energising (step S363) to heater 352 in this temperature T.Target temperature Th for example can set according to the temperature of each parts action of guaranteeing hydrogen storage containers 350 such as regulator 355, open and close valve 351.In the present embodiment, target temperature Th is set at 0 ℃.
The temperature T of object container is when target temperature Th is following, by the energising amount of following processing setting to heater 352.At first, control unit 340 is calculated the difference dT (step S364) of the temperature T of target temperature Th and object container.This difference dT is equivalent to the desired temperature ascending amount of object container.
Tc＝Nt×Tav…(1)
Wherein, Nt is the spaced receptacles number, and Tav is average service time continuously.
It is before object container then is used as the hydrogen supply source that spaced receptacles is counted Nt, the number of employed hydrogen storage container 350.For example consider all to use the situation of four hydrogen storage containers 359.Soon, what typically use other three hydrogen storage containers 350 just is selected as supply source once more after object container finishes hydrogen and supplies with, thereby becomes (Nt=3) immediately.After object container finishes the hydrogen supply, when having another hydrogen storage container 350 to finish hydrogen supply, become (Nt=2).When object container just is being used as the hydrogen supply source, become (Nt=0).And it is unusual to find that some hydrogen storage containers 350 take place, and in the time of can using three hydrogen storage containers 350 that comprise object container, after object container has just finished the hydrogen supply, becomes (Nt=2) immediately.
On average service time, Tav was that temperature can for example can not obtained according to former supply experience from the average times of a hydrogen storage container 350 continuous supply hydrogen on excessive descent ground continuously.On average service time, Tav can be a fixed value continuously, for example also can set when supplying with hydrogen with maximum delivery volume the time that temperature can not supplied with to excessive descent continuously for.
Qr＝dT×Ct/Tc …(2)
Wherein, Ct is the thermal capacity of container.
Must be illustrated in after the needed time Tc by heat Qr, for the temperature that makes object container rises to target temperature Th, the heat that time per unit should be supplied with.Set essential heat Qr as described above, can make hydrogen storage container 350 temperature stabilization return to target temperature Th.
At last, control unit 340 adds heat Hr by what following formula was set heater 352 time per units, and carries out the energising control (step S367) to heater 352 in view of the above.
Hr＝max(Qr-Qn，Hmin) …(3)
Wherein, Qn is the heat that the nature heating produces, and Hmin is the minimum heat that adds.(A B) is the operator of selecting a bigger side among A, the B to max.
Can by experiment or resolve and preestablish the heat Qn that the nature heating produces.The minimum heat Hmin that adds adds heat by what heater 352 should unconditionally be paid.For example, object container utilizes this minimum heat Hmin that adds to heat when the hydrogen supply source or the temperature of object container during near target temperature Th etc.
When with minimum when adding heat Hmin and being set at higher value, the temperature in the time of can suppressing object container as the hydrogen supply source descends.Can prolong service time continuously thereby have, thereby suppress the advantage of the switching frequency of hydrogen storage container 350.When with minimum when adding heat Hmin and being set at smaller value, have and to suppress the energy that consumed to heater 352 energisings, thereby improve the advantage of the energy efficiency of fuel cell system.Consider requirement that this inhibition temperature descends and the requirement that improves energy efficiency, can at random set the minimum heat Hmin that adds.
As variation, heater heats is handled also can omit above-mentioned steps S364～S366.That is, the object container temperature T is when target temperature Th is following, and control unit 340 also can be to heater 352 energisings, so that unconditionally heat with the predefined minimum heat Hmin that adds.
B-(4). effect:
According to second embodiment of above explanation, the temperature in corresponding regulator 355 downstream sides is switched a plurality of hydrogen storage containers 350 of use.Therefore, can avoid the excessive temperature of each parts such as regulator 366, open and close valve 351 to reduce, thereby can avoid on-off action that Yin Wendu decline such as unusual, component life reductions, performance reduction takes place and the various harm that cause.
B-(5). the gas supply source specifies the variation of processing:
Figure 15 is the flow chart that expression gas supply source specifies first variation of processing.It is to be equivalent to the processing that the gas of explanation is before supplied with the step S330 of control (Figure 10) that gas supply source shown in Figure 15 specifies processing.In first variation, the structure of the temperature transducer 353 by omitting each hydrogen storage container 350 is carried out the selection of supply source according to the checkout value of pressure transducer 354.
When beginning gas supply source shown in Figure 15 specifies processing, control unit 340, for the existing container of using of the current hydrogen storage container of supplying with 350, detected pressures changes dP (step S331A).Variation in pressure dP is the difference (dD=Pini-P) that begins from the initial pressure Pini that now uses supply for receptacles hydrogen and current pressure P.When originally implementing this processing, promptly do not exist now when using container, variation in pressure dP is 0.
The condition (step S332A) of (variation in pressure dP＞threshold X) is the temperature variation that is used for according to being inferred by variation in pressure, avoids the existing condition that descends with the excessive temperature of container.Establishing method to threshold X describes.Generally speaking, be well known that reduce pressure and when supplying with, be shown below for pressurized gas, gas reduces because of the adiabatic expansion temperature:
T1＝Ts(P1/Ps)
(γ-1)/γ …(4)
Wherein, T1 is the temperature (K) after the adiabatic expansion, and Ts is the initial temperature (K) before the adiabatic expansion.P1 is the pressure after the adiabatic expansion, and Ps is the initial pressure before the adiabatic expansion.γ is specific heat ratio (1.4).For example, when Ts=300K, P1=1 air pressure, Ps=350 air pressure, T1 is reduced to about 56K (217 ℃) in theory.
According to following formula, irrelevant and make it constant with pressure P s when setting threshold X though the temperature of the hydrogen under the decompression state depends on the pressure P s of hydrogen storage container 350, thus make the temperature constant of the hydrogen of being discharged.For this steady state value being set in safety range, for example can set according to the adiabatic expansion of pressure maximum according to the viewpoint of avoiding excessive temperature to reduce.Because the temperature of the hydrogen storage container 350 that discharge hydrogen causes descends and depends on flow, thereby when setting threshold X, supposes with peak rate of flow and discharge.Under this condition, can be by experiment or resolve and obtain the temperature that the makes hydrogen storage container 350 required hydrogen discharge capacity Y (Pa/ ℃) 1 ℃ time that descends.The unit working pressure of discharge capacity Y, this is because the variation in pressure of hydrogen discharge capacity and hydrogen storage container 350 is proportional.
Use above-mentioned discharge capacity Y, the temperature of obtaining hydrogen storage container 350 drops to initial temperature, promptly the target temperature Th that adds heat control from heater is reduced to the required hydrogen discharge capacity (Pa) of threshold value Ta.In the present embodiment, adopt this discharge capacity as threshold X.Promptly, set for (X (Pa)=(Th-Ta) (℃) * Y (Pa/ ℃)).This value is when bringing into use as supply source, and imagination has reached the initial target temperature Th of explanation in the heater heats processing (Figure 14) and the value set.When being provided with temperature transducer, also can use the measured value of initial temperature.Threshold X is though the formal condition that is expressed as based on the variation in pressure of hydrogen storage container 350 in fact also can be called the condition based on the hydrogen discharge capacity of hydrogen storage container 350.And, thereby can avoid the excessive temperature of hydrogen storage container 350 to reduce more reliably owing to threshold X is that the condition that it is the fiercest that the supposition temperature descends is set.
As described above, because the temperature of the hydrogen of being discharged changes according to the pressure P of hydrogen storage container 350, thereby make the temperature of the hydrogen storage container 350 1 ℃ of required hydrogen discharge capacity Y (Pa/ ℃) that descends also depend on pressure P.Consider relative influence, also can corresponding now use the initial pressure Pini of container, and set the value of above-mentioned discharge capacity Y according to pre-prepd map figure, function.
In step S332A, when being judged as the switching that need carry out existing usefulness container, control unit 340 is closed existing open and close valve 351 (step S333A) with container.And from except that existing with the hydrogen storage container container 350, according to order, the b more than a) surplus) set these two benchmark of order select the hydrogen storage container 350 as supply source.In variation, owing to omitted temperature transducer, thereby the benchmark relevant with temperature is inapplicable.
As described above, in variation, omit temperature transducer, thereby simplification that can implementation structure, and with embodiment in the same manner, can avoid the excessive temperature of hydrogen storage container 350 to reduce.
First variation also goes for having omitted simultaneously the system of temperature transducer and heater heats.In this case, discharge is equivalent to the hydrogen of threshold X (Pa) and causes the hydrogen storage container 350 of temperature decline controlling under the following prerequisite: during other hydrogen storage containers 350 supply hydrogen, reduce the supply of hydrogen, thereby turn back to initial temperature T0 according to heating naturally.As described above, available (X (Pa)=(T0-Ta) (℃) * Y (Pa/ ℃)) setting threshold X.In this system architecture, for hydrogen storage container 350, require by heating naturally from the temperature dTr of temperature T a rising greater than the temperature decline dT that causes because of adiabatic expansion (=T0-Ta), promptly require dTr＞dT.Therefore, set the number of hydrogen storage container 350, so as to guarantee to satisfy the interim of above-mentioned condition, promptly stop from each hydrogen storage container 350 supply with hydrogen during.To be used to reach the required time of temperature rising dTr in order shortening,, can to adopt the material, the structure that improve heat absorptivity for example for the regulator 355 that is located on the hydrogen storage container 350.
Figure 16 is the flow chart that expression gas is supplied with second variation that specifies processing.It is to be equivalent to the processing that the gas of above explanation is supplied with the step S330 of control (Figure 10) that gas supply source shown in Figure 16 specifies processing.In second variation, the temperature of corresponding each hydrogen storage container 350 is carried out the supply source container selection, so that the temperature difference between each hydrogen storage container 350 diminishes.
Specify when handling when beginning to carry out gas supply source shown in Figure 16, control unit 340 detects each hydrogen storage container temperature T (N) (N=1～4) (step S410) of hydrogen storage containers 350 (1)～350 (4).Then, judge in the hydrogen storage container temperature T (N) the current hydrogen storage container of supplying with 350 just now with the temperature of container, promptly now with vessel temp Tep whether from this existing temperature T dc (step S420) that reduced when switching to the supply source container with container.Wherein, reducing temperature T dc is the set point of temperature of setting in order to reduce the temperature difference between each hydrogen storage container 350, in the present embodiment, is redefined for 5 ℃.
When now not reducing temperature T dc (step S420), continue to carry out hydrogen supply (step S460) with container, and end gas supply source specifies processing from existing with vessel temp Tep.
On the other hand, when now having reduced temperature T dc (step S420) with vessel temp Tep, stop to carry out hydrogen supply (step S430) with container from existing, specify the highest hydrogen storage container 350 of hydrogen storage container 350 (1)～350 (4) middle temperature as the supply source container, carry out the switching (step S440) of supply source container, and end gas supply source specifies processing.
According to second variation, can realize the temperature equalization between a plurality of hydrogen storage containers 350, follow gas to supply with the harm that reduces and cause thereby can suppress Yin Wendu.
And, reduce temperature T dc and be not limited to 5 ℃, can be set at characteristic or corresponding set points of temperature such as Environmental Conditions, hydrogen delivery volume with system.And, reduces temperature T dc and be fixed in set point of temperature, but state that can corresponding system suitably changes in system's operation process.For example, can increase the value that reduces temperature T dc along with vessel temp raises.Thus, the switching frequency of container in the time of can reducing the lower high temperature of container associated components deterioration possibility.And, be not from the existing switching of carrying out the supply source container when switching to the supply source container under the situation that reduces set point of temperature with container, but when now reaching set point of temperature or switch after the supply source container, the temperature difference between each hydrogen storage container 350 is diminished through carrying out the switching of supply source container after the stipulated time with the temperature difference between the mean temperature of container and other hydrogen storage containers 350.And, also can realize the temperature equalization of hydrogen storage container 350, and in the temperature of hydrogen storage container 350 is guaranteed regional scope, carry out hydrogen and supply with.
Figure 17 is the flow chart that expression gas supply source specifies the 3rd variation of processing.It is to be equivalent to the processing that the gas of above explanation is supplied with the step S330 of control (Figure 10) that gas supply source shown in Figure 17 specifies processing.In the 3rd variation, carry out the supply source container selection according to the temperature and pressure of each hydrogen storage container 350, so that temperature difference and pressure difference between each hydrogen storage container 350 diminish.
Specify when handling when beginning to carry out gas supply source shown in Figure 17, control unit 340, each hydrogen storage container temperature T (N) (N=1～4) and each hydrogen storage container pressure P (N) (N=1～4) (step S510) of detection hydrogen storage container 350 (1)～350 (4).Then, specify with supply source shown in the following formula refer in particular to definite value F be the hydrogen storage container 350 of minimum value as the supply source container, carry out the switching (step S520) of supply source container, and finish the gas supply source and specify processing.
F＝∑A(T[N]-Tave)
2+∑B(P[N]-Pave)
2 …(5)
Wherein, A is the gain with respect to hydrogen storage container temperature T (N), and B is the gain with respect to hydrogen storage container pressure P (N), is set at the specified value that the temperature difference that is suitable between each hydrogen storage container 350 and pressure difference are dwindled.Tave is the mean temperature of whole hydrogen storage containers 350, and Pave is the middle pressure of whole hydrogen storage containers 350.
According to the 3rd variation, can suppress because of environment (for example, light conditions, with the position of heat-producing device relation) being set and the frequency of utilization of the hydrogen storage container 350 that temperature reduces is easily reduced between a plurality of hydrogen storage containers 350.In addition, when the volume of each hydrogen storage container 350 is identical, can realize the equilibrium of the gas density in each hydrogen storage container 350.
In addition, also can refer in particular in the formula (5) of definite value F at the expression supply source, under the situation of " | T[N]-Tave|＜C (C is a defined threshold) ", make (A=0), " | T[N]-Tave＜D (D is a defined threshold) | " situation under make (B=0), thereby can suppress exceedingly to carry out the situation of the switching of hydrogen storage container 350.
In addition, can also realize the equilibrium of the temperature and pressure of hydrogen storage container 350, and in the temperature of hydrogen storage container 350 is guaranteed regional scope, carry out hydrogen and supply with.In this case, also can be when near the temperature temperature is guaranteed regional lower limit temperature the place ahead be switched the supply source container, consider the extraneous gas temperature of hydrogen storage container 350 and the temperature of hydrogen storage container 350, calculate can be under the degree that does not exceed lower limit temperature the gas delivery volume of supply gas, after discharging the gas delivery volume of being calculated, restriction gas is supplied with.
B-(6). other mode of executions:
Also the gas supply source of second embodiment and its variation can be specified processing (Figure 11 and Figure 15) makes up and handles.That is, switch when now using container, can utilize simultaneously based on the temperature T in the hydrogen storage container judgement (the step S332 of Figure 11) and based on the judgement (the step S332A of Figure 15) of variation in pressure dP.In this case, for example can adopt following method: when satisfying either party's condition, then be judged as and carry out existing switching with container.Thus, can suppress and the possibility of switching relevant false judgment.
More than the second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, but self-evident is that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, can adopt various structures in the scope that does not break away from its purport.For example, the present invention not only can constitute the fuel cell that is loaded on the vehicle, also can be configured for the system to fixed fuel cell supply gas.And, the invention is not restricted to hydrogen, also be applicable to from a plurality of high-pressure bottles and all gases is reduced pressure and carry out the gas supplied supplier.In embodiment and variation, though example select the situation of hydrogen storage container 350 one by one as supply source, also can select a plurality of hydrogen storage containers 350.
In addition, in the present embodiment,, also can utilize the used heat of heaters such as fuel cell 20 or transducer 31 to heat hydrogen storage container 350 though heat hydrogen storage container 350 by heater 52.And, also can between the surface of each hydrogen storage container 350 and heater, circulate by making cooling water, between each hydrogen storage container 350 and heater, carry out heat exchange.And, cooling water is circulated between each hydrogen storage container 350, thereby between each hydrogen storage container 350, carry out heat exchange.
The possibility of utilizing on the industry
The present invention is applicable to the gas supply dress that the gas that is stored in the container is supplied with to the outside Put. And, not only can be used for processing the gas supply device of hydrogen, also can be used for processing oxygen, nitrogen, The gas supply device of the various gases such as air.
Claims (29)
1. a gas supply device is characterized in that, comprising:
Container has the reservoir of inventory of gas and this gas of being stored is reduced pressure and is discharged into the discharging mechanism of the outside of this reservoir;
Temperature detecting part is used to detect the temperature of described container; And
Supply with limitation part,, adjust from the gas of this container and supply with according to the temperature of this detected container.
2. gas supply device as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
Have a plurality of described containers;
Described temperature detecting part detects the temperature of described a plurality of containers;
Described supply limitation part, the temperature of corresponding described detected container and limit the supply of gas is so that the temperature difference between described a plurality of container diminishes.
3. gas supply device as claimed in claim 2, wherein,
Described supply limitation part, as the temperature of the container of the supply source of described gas when the temperature in moment of this container being switched to supply source reduces set point of temperature, switch to the supply that supply source limits gas by other containers that will be different from this container, so that the temperature difference between described a plurality of container diminishes.
4. gas supply device as claimed in claim 2, wherein,
Described supply limitation part, when the temperature as the container of the supply source of described gas reaches the set point of temperature difference with the temperature that is different from other containers of this container, by described other containers are switched to the supply that supply source limits gas, so that the temperature difference between described a plurality of container diminishes.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described gas supply devices, wherein, described supply limitation part switches to the container of described supply source, is the highest container of temperature in described a plurality of container.
6. gas supply device as claimed in claim 2, wherein,
Have and be used for the pressure detecting portion that the pressure to described a plurality of containers detects;
Described supply limitation part, the temperature of corresponding described detected a plurality of containers and pressure and limit the supply of gas are so that temperature difference and pressure difference between these a plurality of containers diminish.
7. gas supply device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described supply limitation part according to the temperature of described detected container and the performance that is used to guarantee this container relation between degree of the insulation zone really, is adjusted from the supply of the gas of this container.
8. gas supply device as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described supply limitation part is adjusted from the gas of this container and is supplied with, and the performance that is used to guarantee this container with the temperature departure that prevents described detected container is degree of insulation zone really.
9. gas supply device as claimed in claim 7, wherein,
Have a plurality of described containers;
Described temperature detecting part detects in described a plurality of container, at least as the temperature of the container of the supply source of described gas;
Described supply limitation part according to the temperature of described detected container as supply source and the performance that is used to guarantee this container relation between degree of the insulation zone really, is adjusted from the supply as the gas of this container of supply source.
10. gas supply device as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described supply limitation part is adjusted from the gas as the container of this supply source and is supplied with, and the performance that is used to guarantee this container with the temperature departure that prevents described detected container as supply source is degree of insulation zone really.
11. as claim 9 or 10 described gas supply devices, wherein, described supply limitation part, temperature when described detected container as supply source, after becoming described supply source, described when guaranteeing in the temperature province to reduce set point of temperature, then limits by this container from supply as the gas of the container of this supply source.
12. as each described gas supply device in the claim 9 to 11, wherein,
Described temperature detecting part detects the temperature of described a plurality of containers;
Described supply limitation part, when the temperature of the temperature of described detected container as supply source and other containers that are different from this container described when guaranteeing to reach the set point of temperature difference in the temperature province, restriction is from the supply as the gas of the container of this supply source.
13. as each described gas supply device in the claim 12, wherein,
Have and be used for the pressure detecting portion that the pressure to described a plurality of containers detects;
Described supply limitation part, when reaching described set point of temperature difference, or the pressure of described detected container as supply source is when reaching the authorized pressure difference with the pressure that is different from other containers of this container, and restriction is from the supply as the gas of the container of this supply source.
14. as each described gas supply device in the claim 9 to 13, wherein, described supply limitation part has the container selection device, this container selection device is when the supply of the described gas of restriction, from being different from as the container of selecting other containers of the container of described supply source as described supply source.
15. gas supply device as claimed in claim 14, wherein,
Described container selection device is to select any one container in described a plurality of container as the device of described supply source constantly at each.
16. as claim 14 or 15 described gas supply devices, wherein,
Described container selection device is to select device as the container of described supply source according to the use experience of the described supply source of conduct of described a plurality of containers.
17. as each described gas supply device in the claim 14 to 16, wherein,
Described temperature detecting part detects the temperature of described a plurality of containers;
Described selection device is to select device as the container of described supply source according to the temperature of described detected a plurality of containers.
18. as each described gas supply device in the claim 9 to 17, wherein,
Described supply limitation part comprises: failure judgment device is used to judge from the supply as the gas of the container of described supply source whether have fault; With
The fault selection device when being judged as container as described supply source when having fault, is selected the container as described supply source from other containers that are different from this container.
19., wherein, comprising as each described gas supply device in the claim 9 to 18:
Supplying pipe in order to supply with described gas, is connected on each discharging mechanism of described a plurality of containers jointly;
The supplying pipe detection unit is used for the pressure of described supplying pipe is detected; With
Supplying pipe inspection portion when the supply of the described gas of beginning, according to the change of the pressure of described detected supplying pipe, checks to have at least a described discharging mechanism to have no abnormal.
20. as each described gas supply device in the claim 1 to 19, wherein, described temperature detecting part, according to the temperature that detects this container from the relevant physical quantity of the gas of described supply for receptacles.
21. as each described gas supply device in the claim 1 to 20, wherein, described temperature detecting part detects the temperature of this container according to the adiabatic expansion degree from the gas of described supply for receptacles.
22. as each described gas supply device in the claim 1 to 21, wherein, described temperature detecting part, the heat of capturing from this container according to described container institute gas supplied detects the temperature of this container.
23. as each described gas supply device in the claim 1 to 22, wherein, described temperature detecting part detects temperature at least a portion of described reservoir and described discharging mechanism as the temperature of this container.
24. as each described gas supply device in the claim 1 to 23, wherein, described temperature detecting part detects the temperature of this container according to the delivery volume from the gas of described supply for receptacles.
25., wherein, have and be used for heating unit that described reservoir is heated as each described gas supply device in the claim 1 to 24.
26. as each described gas supply device in the claim 1 to 25, wherein, comprise report portion, this report portion exists in the supply from the gas of described container that report should be unusual when unusual.
27. as each described gas supply device in the claim 1 to 26, wherein,
Described gas is the fuel gas that hydrogeneous fuel cell is used;
The supply ground of this gas is to be the fuel cell of fuel with hydrogen.
28. the controlling method of a gas supply device, described gas supply device has container, this container has the reservoir of inventory of gas and this gas of storing is reduced pressure and the discharging mechanism that discharges, and the gas that will be stored in this container supplies to the outside; It is characterized in that,
Detect the temperature of described container;
According to the temperature of this detected container and the performance that is used to guarantee this container relation between degree of the insulation zone really, adjust from the supply of the gas of this container.
29. the controlling method of a gas supply device, described gas supply device has a plurality of containers, this container has the reservoir of inventory of gas and this gas of storing is reduced pressure and the discharging mechanism that discharges, and the gas that will be stored in this container supplies to the outside; It is characterized in that,
Detect in described a plurality of container, at least as the temperature of the container of the supply source of described gas;
According to the temperature of described detected container as supply source and the performance that is used to guarantee this container relation between degree of the insulation zone really, adjust from supply as the gas of the container of this supply source.
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| JP2003201509 | 2003-07-25 | ||
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| CN111174088B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2021-04-20 | 北方工业大学 | Temperature drop control system and method for deflation process of high-pressure gas cylinder |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100543359C (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101488577A (en) | 2009-07-22 |
| CN101488577B (en) | 2011-06-08 |
| CN101488576A (en) | 2009-07-22 |
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