CN1810701A - Production process of composite low temperature ceramic-base material - Google Patents
Production process of composite low temperature ceramic-base material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1810701A CN1810701A CNA2006100106887A CN200610010688A CN1810701A CN 1810701 A CN1810701 A CN 1810701A CN A2006100106887 A CNA2006100106887 A CN A2006100106887A CN 200610010688 A CN200610010688 A CN 200610010688A CN 1810701 A CN1810701 A CN 1810701A
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The present invention is the production process of low temperature ceramic base polymer composite material with industrial slag and waste plastic, and belongs to the field of building material technology. The composite material has the raw materials comprising industrial slag 100 weight portions, waste plastic 20-100 weight portions, modifier 6-25 weight portions, promoter 0-10 weight portions, retarder 1.0-2.5 weight portions and water 20-50 weight portions. All the raw materials are produced through material treatment, mixing, forming and steam curing into the composite material with mutually interwoven low temperature ceramic and polymer. The composite material is non-toxic, harmless, corrosion resistant, wetness and heat resistant, and freeze-thaw resistant, possesses the excellent performance similar to that of timber, ceramic, stone material and polymer.
Description
One, technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of method of producing composite low temperature ceramic-base material, belong to building material technical field with industrial residue and plastic waste.
Two, background technology:
1, the technology status of industrial residue production gelling material
The annual production of the industrial residue of China such as mine tailing, coal gangue, flyash, metallurgical slag, phosphorus slag, mud etc. has reached more than 900,000,000 ton, and accumulative total over the years is stored up 7,000,000,000 tons, and utilization ratio less than 50% in order to protect environment, to economize on resources, must be carried out changing waste into resources.At present, China's industrial residue large utilize that approach mainly concentrates on silicate cement, concrete, materials for wall, builds the road, mine or bottom land backfill aspect.
GB1344-1999 clearly stipulates: permission admixture mass ratio in cement is the granulated blast-furnace slag operating mine slag portland cement of 20-70%; Permission admixture mass ratio in cement is that the flyash of 20-40% is produced Portland fly ash cement; Permission admixture mass ratio in cement is that the volcanic ash of 20-50% is produced portland-pozzolan cement; In addition, the application of industrial residue aspect cement mixture such as phosphorus slag, calcining coal gangue, chainotte, ferroalloy slag, non-ferrous metal metallurgy slag have also realized industrialization.
JGJ28-86 also stipulates to allow the flyash of admixture 10-20% in concrete to replace cement; The flyash of permission admixture 10-40% in mortar replaces cement.
Therefore, to be applied to the basic technology in cement and the concrete be sophisticated to industrial residue.But because of mixing of industrial residue, cause cement or concrete rerum natura to change, give prominence to such as prolongation time of coagulation, early strength reduction, label decline, excreting water phenomenon etc.In order to address these problems, just produced the modified active technology of industrial residue, produced such as adding the technological method that calcium is handled, single alkali excites (lime, water glass etc.), sulphate activation (gypsum and sodium sulfate), physics fine grinding or physics to combine with chemi-excitation.Adopting these methods, solved blended material some problems in mixing process undoubtedly, is the technical system of principal character but do not have to break away from the cement clinker.
Although traditional silicate cement has unblamable advantage, the environmental pollution that shows (is discharged CO in a large number
2, SO
2, NO
XAnd dust), resource (Wingdale and clay) and the energy (coal) consumes and problems such as poor durability, the various countries scholar has carried out the development research of novel gelled material on the industrial residue activating basis.
France J.Davidovits is a raw material with calcined kaolin on the basis of research ancient building material, is that exciting agent has been prepared native polywater mud (Geopolymeric cement) with water glass and caustic soda; Nineteen fifty-seven, Ukraine was little. moral. and it is main raw material that lattice Lu Paderewski has been invented with the slag, and water glass, caustic soda, lime are exciting agent, has prepared alkali exciting slag cement (AAC).In recent years, big, the numb intelligent treasure in Chinese scholar Wuzhong, Yuan Hongchang, Zheng Juanrong, Yuan Ling, Dai Xinxiang, Ni Wen, horse great writing etc. have carried out trace analysis to application, present situation and the development prospect of this two classes material; A large amount of datas of usefulness such as establishment, Ma Baoguo, Dou Linping have been set forth performance, characteristics and the mechanism that alkali excites gelling material; Abroad, with slag, metakaolin, flyash is main raw material, is that ceramic cement (Japan), " pyrament cement " (U.S.), " F gelling material " (Finland) that exciting agent prepares is obtaining widespread use aspect nuke rubbish curing, road repair, moulding stock, the artificial stone-like material with alkali.
Chinese scholar excites at alkali and has also obtained certain progress aspect the research of gelling material:
CN85100571 discloses a kind of production method of phosphoric slag cement, it is characterized in that mixing levigate forming by phosphorus slag, saltcake or vitriolate of tartar, cement clinker, and wherein phosphorus slag accounts for 60-95%, and saltcake or vitriolate of tartar are with Na
2The O meter accounts for 0.4～1%, and Portland clinker accounts for 5～40%.
CN200410155539.0 discloses a kind of polymer aluminium silicate cement, and its characteristic formula composition is: modification waste residue 0～80%, activation waste residue 0～80%, admixture 5～20%.Wherein waste residue comprises flyash, boiling furnace slag, coal gangue, perlite, metakaolin, nonmetalliferous ore tailings; The waste residue modification method has two kinds: modification is finished in flyash, boiling furnace slag, metakaolin drying, fragmentation,, coal gangue, perlite, nonmetalliferous ore tailings finish modification through calcining, fragmentation; The waste residue activation method is: press mass ratio and admixture K with in the above-mentioned industrial residue one or more
2CO
3, LiO
2, NaOH, KOH, Na
2SiF
6, Na
5P
3O
10, Na
2SO
4, K
2SO
4, K
2SiO
3, Na
2SiO
3In one or more mixing, calcining, fragmentation finish activation, wherein admixture mix earlier with flyash, drying, broken, and then with other waste residue admixture activation.
CN200310117752.8 discloses a kind of preparation method of aluminium silicate mineral polymer materials.It is characterized in that sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and water glass are made into exciting agent solution, join in the aluminosilicate that metakaolin and flyash forms, stir into glue, compression moulding under 5-8MPa, demoulding drying is a geopolymer materials.Wherein the mol ratio of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and water glass is 3: 1-8: 1; The mass ratio of aluminosilicate and exciting agent is 2.5: 1-3.5: 1.
CN02158190.8 discloses a kind of production method of coagulating stone " dualization " wet cement, it is characterized in that: material of main part (cloudy body) is slag, slag, boiling furnace slag, flyash, cullet, phosphorus ore slag, titanium slag, fluorite slag, coal firing boiler slag, calcined clay, shale, coal gangue, useless brick, useless watt, waste ceramic; Excitation material (positive body) is gypsum, lime, highly basic and highly basic salt, grog; The adjusting material is carbohydrate, sweet class, tartrate and salt thereof, highly basic, soluble carbon hydrochlorate, silicate, vitriol, ligninsulfonate, borate etc.The three major types component of this cement is wet-milling, is hygrometric state when using.Aggregate when using (filler) is mountain sand, sea sand, river sand, Gobi desert sand, rubble, coal gangue, clay, mine tailing, industrial residue.
Although above-mentioned technology respectively has characteristics, general character is arranged: main starting material are industrial residue, and industrial residue has passed through high-temperature calcination or fusion in production process, then must not calcine if carry out pyroprocessing in production process; Excitation material must add alkali and an alkali metal salt; Subsidiary material use water reducer, retardant of traditional water cement concrete etc. usually.Therefore, industrial residue is produced alkali to excite gelling material and silicate cement has been known technology.But industrial residue is carried out deep activation, adopt to steam and press the technology of concrete making technology production low-temp ceramics material (English is: Chemically BondedCeramics is abbreviated as CBC) not appear in the newspapers.
2, plastic waste comprehensive utilization technique situation
Plastic waste accounts for more than 30% of rubbish volume, the annual production of China's municipal wastes has broken through 1.4 hundred million tons, the city of the whole nation more than 1/3 is absorbed among the rubbish encirclement, therefore the processing of municipal wastes is the environmental problem that must solve in the Chinese Urbanization evolution, and the most unmanageable material is a plastic waste in the municipal wastes.These plastic waste are with low quality, and variet complexity is difficult for natural degradation, the cost recovery height, and recovery value is low.
About the utilization of plastic waste, a lot of reports are arranged both at home and abroad, and mainly concentrate on three aspects: the one, Btu utilization promptly obtains energy by burning, and this is obtaining application aspect waste incineration and generating electricity, manufacture of cement, the Metal smelting; The 2nd, decompose preparation oil fuel and Chemicals; The 3rd, utilize its hot plasticity-and cold conditions inflexible feature to produce polymer composites, use as material of construction.Wherein the third technique direction is the hot issue in plastic waste resource utilization field always, by research and development for many years, has formed numerous patented technologies.
CN90102171.7 discloses a kind of waste sand-slag composite and production method thereof, it is characterized in that the little plasticizing under heated condition of plastic waste and regenerated antiquated sand or slag is agglomerating, mixes, is melt into the thickness form by forcing machine, goes into mold pressing and makes type.
CN91102608.6 discloses a kind of method of waste polyethylene membrane regeneration powder process, it is characterized in that it being useless PE film to be dissolved in to stir in the xylene solvent to cool off make PE dimethylbenzene gel solid, crushing screening and carried out steam distillation 1-2 hour then with an amount of inorganic salt or regeneration PE powder mixes, removing xylene solvent reclaims, washing filtering separates, the oven dry PE powder PE powder of must regenerating.
CN95110070.X discloses a kind of simulative synthetic wood, it is characterized in that material of main part is a plastic waste, as depleted polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene, goods such as polyethylene terephthalate, polymethylmethacrylate; Additive is waste paper, wood chip, hair, plant stem or glass fibre; Earlier plastic waste is ground into 80mm
3Following chip, additive is ground into 40mm
3Following chip; By plastic waste: additive=1～4: 1 mixes, and mixture is after 70～280 ℃ of thorough mixing become semisolid in temperature earlier, is 50～280 ℃ in temperature again, and pressure is compression moulding under 5MPa～30MPa.
CN98124978.7 discloses a kind of method of producing light concrete construction material with plastic waste; it is characterized in that earlier polystyrene, polyethylene kind plastic waste being cut into sheet or the irregular particle of 1-20mm; clean, dry; with plastic working wire drawing tablets press granulation already commonly used; the polyethylene grain of making is made the bar that diameter is 1-20mm with plastic foamed forcing machine, is cut into granular.
CN00112319.X discloses a kind of lightweight wall plate thermal insulation material, it is characterized in that its prescription: flyash 25-60%, perlite or vermiculite 10-20%, water glass 0-10%, organosilicon 0-10%, plastic waste emulsion 20-40%.Wherein the plastic waste emulsion is made by porous plastics.
CN01113683.9 discloses a kind of method of utilizing plastic waste to prepare matrix material, it is characterized in that with 100% thermoplastic waste plastic be main raw material, add 10～30% vegetable fibre, 3～5% bonding resinoid, 5～10% stone flour is a stopping composition, add 0.5～2% titanate coupling agent, 1～3% auxiliary materials such as lubricant; Above-mentioned each component joined simultaneously be mixed into the oblate particulate state that diameter is 3～6mm in the high speed agitator, press the processing of thermoplastic plastics shaping processing requirement again, make composite finished product.
CN00113866.9 discloses the matrix material that the waste and old raw material of a kind of usefulness is made, and it is characterized in that the composition of raw materials of this matrix material is: CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND 40-60% plastic waste 37.5-48.5% coupling agent 0.5-2.5% protective agent 0.5-2.5% resinous acid 0.5-3% industrial waste oil 1-3.5%.
CN03115332.1 discloses a kind of composite drain cover, it is characterized in that the composition of raw materials weight percent is: polyethylene plastic waste 50～80; River sand or ore in sand form 4～10; Used oil 2～7; Ancient Malong 1～5; Anti-ageing 1～5; All the other are charges.
CN01123003.7 discloses a kind of composite material of waste, mainly make by the thermoplasticity waste in the agriculture and industry waste and solid slag and waste liquid extract, it is characterized in that this material is made up of 100% agriculture and industry waste, thermoplasticity waste (matrix) comprising 51%-64%, the solid slag of 35-48% (filler), the industrial effluent of 1-2% (additive).
CN00109927.2 discloses a kind of regenerated composite material, it is characterized in that with polyethylene 50-70%, industrial antiquated sand 30-50% be raw material, and per 100 kilograms of raw materials contain used oil 3-5 kilogram, mixes after the synthetic press forming of heat gets this matrix material.
CN92104096.2 discloses a kind of manufacturing process of fly ash composite material; it is characterized in that: adopting flyash, macromolecular material, pitch, glass fibre is raw material; concrete technological process is; spent high molecular material is being plasticated on the opening rubber mixing machine to the melting state; add flyash, pitch, glass fibre, benzoyl peroxide successively; mixing even post-tensioning slice, cooling back are cut into particle in dicing machine, extrude then, compression moulding.
CN91107464.3 discloses a kind of polystyrene concrete, it is characterized in that silicate cement: flyash be 1: 1 as matrix, expansion polystyrene is an aggregate, incorporation is 50～60% of cement and a flyash cumulative volume, adds water and stirs vibratory compaction through mixing, give foster back and under 180 ℃ of high temperature, steamed pressure 9 hours, after oven dry under 105 ℃ of temperature,, vacuumize after 0.5～3 hour under vacuum tightness 600～700 mmhg and make at 180 ℃ of high temperature.
Find out from above-mentioned public technology, all plastic waste that relates to are processed, generally all to comprise plastic waste cleaning, fragmentation, mixing, granulation, extrude, compression moulding, these technological processs are traditional methods of thermoplastics processing, it has been known technology, in the final matrix material that obtains, all be to be disperse phase for successive substrates phase, fiber or inorganic material particle without exception with polymkeric substance (English: Polymer is abbreviated as PM).And the complete processing of carrying out plastic waste under the water condition is not appeared in the newspapers.
The basic condition that comprehensive industrial residue and plastic waste utilize, at present low-temp ceramics gelling material and the plastic waste of still industrial residue not being made is compound, adopts the report of concrete prefabricated prepared low-temp ceramics body based polyalcohol matrix material (abbreviation CBC-PM matrix material).
Three, summary of the invention:
1, the production method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low temperature ceramic-base (CBC-PM) matrix material, with industrial residue and plastic waste system CBC-PM matrix material is the physicochemical characteristic that utilizes industrial residue, at first is prepared into the CBC gelling material that the energy aquation is solidified; Carry out compound and be prepared into CBC-PM matrix material through intensive treatment with this gelling material and plastic waste with good physical and mechanical property, use to substitute day by day rare timber, stone material and stupalith, thereby for industrial residue and plastic waste utilization provide a new technological method, alleviate environmental pollution, realize that resources circulation uses.
2, technology contents of the present invention
2.1 raw material and prescription
1) main raw material
Industrial residue is two classes: a class is flyash, phosphorus slag, metallurgical slag, slag, municipal refuse incineration slag, it is characterized in that having passed through in the output process high-temperature calcination or fusion; Second class is shale or chiltern industrial residue, comprise coal gangue, milltailings, clay, red mud, mud, river silt, it is characterized in that not passing through high temperature action in the production process, contain carbon and the crystal water class can be burnt the mistake component, can be 600～850 ℃ of calcinings 0.1～1.0 hour.
Plastic waste: comprise depleted polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester thermoplastics, depleted plastics film, agricultural mulching or packing bag, and as a rule with not clear mixed, also may contain common impurity such as water, earth and greasy dirt, these plastic waste are more common in rubbish.
2) additive
Properties-correcting agent: be the mixture of forming with sodium hydroxide and water glass, the mass ratio of water glass and sodium hydroxide=1.5～2.0;
Promotor: cement flue Dust can be the powdery substance that the burning clinker of cement process is collected by dust-precipitator;
Retardant: molasses, sodium lignosulfonate, the mass ratio of the two is: 2～0.5.
3) prescription:
Each component is pressed mass ratio and is cooperated, and its ratio is: industrial residue: plastic waste: properties-correcting agent: promotor: retardant: water=100: 20-100: 6-25: 0-10: 1.0-2.5: 20-50.
2.2CBC-PM the production method of matrix material is made up of raw material processing, blended stock preparation, moulding, maintenance operation, wherein:
1) raw material is handled
The processing of industrial residue: first kind industrial residue need be broken into particle diameter earlier less than 10mm, and grinding is worn into granularity and accounted for 90%～100% powder less than 0.08mm then; The direct grinding of industrial residue that second class is crossed through calcination processing is worn into granularity and is accounted for 90%～100% powder less than 0.08mm; The first and second class industrial residues can be distinguished use separately, but also two or more collocation is used, blend grinding when collocation is used;
Promotor becomes granularity with the industrial residue grinding after metering and accounts for 90%～100% powder less than 0.08mm;
Treatment of Waste Plastics: collect and the plastic waste that comes at first to sort remove brick, watt, bulk matter such as stone, metal and timber, be broken into particle or the sheet of overall dimension then less than 8mm;
The preparation of the additive aqueous solution: properties-correcting agent, retardant and water are mixed into yellow transparent liquid after measuring;
2) compound preparation
Measure the powder that mix grinding crosses, broken plastic waste, the additive aqueous solution at first respectively, at first add plastic waste under whipped state, the doping aqueous solution stirred 1～3 minute again, added powder at last, and continuing to stir after 5～8 minutes becomes compound;
3) moulding
Can select three kinds of forming methods:
The compression moulding condition: the mixture moisture quality is 10～20% of total mixture quality, forming pressure 10～20MPa, and hot pressing temperature is 90～140 ℃, the dwell time is 10～30 minutes;
The tamping condition of molding: the mixture moisture quality is 21～39% of total mixture quality, and the band mould is placed the demoulding in 2～6 hours;
The casting condition: the mixture moisture quality is 40～50% of total mixture quality, and vibrational frequency is 60～120 times/minute, amplitude 0.25～6mm; The band mould is placed the demoulding in 4～8 hours;
In moulding or band mould put procedure, can in die cavity, feed the industrial gaseous waste that contains carbonic acid gas and solidify CO with the acceleration base substrate
2Volumetric concentration be 18～95%;
4) vapor cure
Processing condition: moulded products is piled up and use vapor cure in autoclave, normal temperature to 90 ℃ maintenance 1～2 hour, 90 ℃ of thermostatic curings 3～8 hours, 90 ℃ to 140～185 ℃ of maintenances of high temperature 1～2 hour, high temperature constant temperature maintenance 4～8 hours, high temperature to 60 ℃ maintenance 4～12 hours goes out still when temperature is lower than 60 ℃.
3, present technique compared with prior art has following advantage:
1) compares with the known polymer composites made from plastic waste,, and adopt concrete formation technology, improved production efficiency greatly because of plastics extrusion method that need not be traditional; Carry out the reinforcement of material with steam, avoided the use of forcing machine, reduced the wearing and tearing and the power consumption of equipment, reduced production cost significantly.The plastic waste that the present invention uses need not clean and classify, and makes the use of the various low-quality miscellaneous plastics in the municipal wastes become possibility; In the final matrix material that forms, chemical bonding ceramic body (CBC) is interweaved with high molecular polymer (PM), the advantage performance complement has overcome the deficiency of the simple filled polymer of inorganic particulate material in the known technology polymer composites, shows the over-all properties of pottery and superpolymer.
2) excite the gelling material derived product to compare with known alkali, the present invention has adopted a kind of new compound and material reinforcement technology, therefore, the performance of product is different from known technology fully, make the production cycle shorter, product performance are better, avoided oozing out and the scum problem of water soluble alkali and an alkali metal salt fully.
3) compare with known cement-based material, the present invention has increased substantially the utilising efficiency of solid waste, has solved the problem that the traditional water cement-based material is not durable, not fire-resistant, not corrosion-resistant and property is crisp.
4) compare with known imitation wood, do not use deleterious urea-formaldehyde resin or expensive Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester resin, and use nontoxic thermoplastics in a large number, therefore, environmental protection of the present invention.
5) compare with traditional cement, gypsum particle board, the material freeze-thaw-that the present invention makes, damp and hot, corrosive nature is better, resistance to compression, anti-folding and impact resistance are stronger.
Four, description of drawings: Fig. 1 is technical process of the present invention.
Five, embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1) prescription is formed (physical measurement unit is mass parts):
(1) main raw material industrial residue: 60 parts of phosphorus slags, 20 parts in flyash, 20 parts of burned coal gangues, totally 100 parts; 100 parts of agricultural mulchings;
(2) properties-correcting agent: the mass ratio of water glass and sodium hydroxide is 2,15 parts of total masses;
(3) promotor: 5 parts of kiln ashes;
(4) retardant: the mass ratio 2.0 of molasses and sodium lignosulfonate, total mass are 1.5 parts;
(5) water: 50 parts
2) technology:
By prescription metering industrial residue and promotor, the blend grinding becomes granularity to account for 93% powder less than 0.08mm;
Agricultural mulching is broken into particle overall dimension less than 8mm;
Properties-correcting agent, retardant and water become the additive aqueous solution by formulated.
In stirrer, at first add plastic waste, under whipped state, add the additive aqueous solution, stirred 3 minutes, add powder, continue to stir discharging after 8 minutes, be cast in 600 * 300 * 50mm mould that steel plate is welded into, vibrate 2 minutes, the demoulding in 8 hours of resting of the floating back band mould in surface; Put into the autoclave maintenance after the green compact demoulding, the maintaining process parameter is: normal temperature～90 ℃ 8 hours, 90 ℃～185 ℃ 8 hours, 185 ℃～60 ℃ coolings of 1 hour, 185 ℃ constant temperature insulations 8 hours that heat up of 2 hours, 90 ℃ constant temperature insulations that heat up become product after going out the product surface rubbing down behind the still.Test performance is: ultimate compression strength 35MPa, folding strength 11.5MPa, resistance to impact shock 1.3J/cm
2, water-intake rate 5.8%, coefficient of softening 0.88, contract with dry rate 0.2%, 50 losss of strength 0.5% of freeze thawing.
Embodiment 2:
1) prescription is formed (physical measurement unit is mass parts):
(1) main raw material industrial residue: 30 parts in slag, 20 parts in flyash, 50 parts of chainottes, totally 100 parts; 60 parts of municipal wastes plastic waste;
(2) properties-correcting agent: the mass ratio of water glass and sodium hydroxide is 1.75,23 parts of total masses;
(3) promotor: 10 parts of kiln ashes;
(4) retardant: the mass ratio 0.5 of molasses and sodium lignosulfonate, total mass are 2.5 parts;
(5) water: 20 parts
2) technology:
By prescription metering industrial residue and promotor, the blend grinding becomes granularity to account for 95% powder less than 0.08mm;
The municipal wastes plastic waste is broken into particle overall dimension less than 8mm;
Properties-correcting agent, retardant and water become the additive aqueous solution by formulated.
In stirrer, at first add plastic waste, under whipped state, add the additive aqueous solution, stirred 1 minute, add powder, continue to stir discharging after 5 minutes, compound is compression moulding in 600 * 300 * 50mm mould at die cavity, pressure is 20MPa, mould heats up and down, and die cavity middle part temperature is 95 ℃, the pressurize demoulding in 30 minutes.Green compact are put into the autoclave maintenance, the maintaining process parameter is: normal temperature～90 ℃ 3 hours, 90 ℃～140 ℃ 4 hours, 140 ℃～60 ℃ coolings of 1 hour, 140 ℃ constant temperature insulations 4 hours that heat up of 1 hour, 90 ℃ constant temperature insulations that heat up become product after going out the product surface rubbing down behind the still.Test performance is: ultimate compression strength 35MPa, folding strength 15MPa, resistance to impact shock 1.6J/cm
2, water-intake rate 4.3%, coefficient of softening 0.92,50 losss of strength of freeze thawing be zero.
Embodiment 3:
1) prescription is formed (physical measurement unit is mass parts):
(1) main raw material industrial residue: burn 60 parts of red muds, 20 parts in flyash, burn 20 parts of mine tailings, totally 100 parts; 30 parts of municipal wastes plastic waste;
(2) properties-correcting agent: the mass ratio of water glass and sodium hydroxide is 1.5,8 parts of total masses;
(3) retardant: the mass ratio 1.0 of molasses and sodium lignosulfonate, total mass are 1.0 parts;
(4) water: 38 parts
2) technology:
By prescription metering industrial residue and promotor, the blend grinding becomes granularity to account for 95% powder less than 0.08mm;
The municipal wastes plastic waste is broken into particle overall dimension less than 8mm;
Properties-correcting agent, retardant and water become the additive aqueous solution by formulated.
In stirrer, at first add plastic waste, under whipped state, add the additive aqueous solution, stirred 2 minutes, add powder, continue to stir discharging after 7 minutes, compound is tamping moulding in 600 * 300 * 50mm mould at die cavity, and curing in the mold 4 hours feeds the CO that compresses continuously in die cavity in the process of resting
2Gas, 10 minutes time length.Demoulding green compact are put into the autoclave maintenance, the maintaining process parameter is: normal temperature～90 ℃ 6 hours, 90 ℃～165 ℃ 6 hours, 165 ℃～60 ℃ coolings of 1 hour, 165 ℃～165 ℃ constant temperature insulations 10 hours that heat up of 1.5 hours, 90 ℃ constant temperature insulations that heat up become product after going out the product surface rubbing down behind the still.Test performance is: ultimate compression strength 26MPa, folding strength 8.3MPa, resistance to impact shock 0.91J/cm
2, water-intake rate 8.5%, coefficient of softening 0.83,50 losss of strength of freeze thawing be 1.5%.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of production method of composite low temperature ceramic-base material is characterized in that: its raw material and prescription be,
1) main raw material is industrial residue and plastic waste,
Industrial residue is two classes, and the first kind comprises flyash, phosphorus slag, metallurgical slag, slag, municipal refuse incineration slag, and second class is shale or chiltern industrial residue, comprises coal gangue, milltailings, clay, red mud, mud, river silt,
Plastic waste comprises depleted polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester thermoplastics, depleted plastics film, agricultural mulching or packing bag,
2) additive
Properties-correcting agent: be the mixture that sodium hydroxide and water glass are formed, the mass ratio of water glass and sodium hydroxide is 1.5～2.0,
Promotor: cement flue Dust,
Retardant: the mixture of molasses, sodium lignosulfonate, the mass ratio of the two is: 2～0.5,
3) prescription: each constituent mass is than being industrial residue: plastic waste: properties-correcting agent: promotor: retardant: water=100: 20-100: 6-25: 0-10: 1.0-2.5: 20-50.
2, the production method of a kind of composite low temperature ceramic-base material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described promotor cement flue Dust is the powdery substance that the burning clinker of cement process is collected by dust-precipitator.
3, a kind of production method of composite low temperature ceramic-base material is characterized in that: the technology of producing composite low temperature ceramic-base material according to described raw material of claim 1 and prescription is finished according to the following steps,
1), raw material is handled: first kind industrial residue need be broken into particle diameter earlier less than 10mm, grinding becomes granularity to account for 90%～100% powder less than 0.08mm then, the direct grinding of industrial residue that second class is crossed through calcination processing is worn into granularity and is accounted for 90%～100% powder less than 0.08mm
Promotor becomes granularity with the industrial residue grinding after metering and accounts for 90%～100% powder less than 0.08mm,
Treatment of Waste Plastics: be broken into particle or the sheet of overall dimension less than 8mm,
The preparation of the additive aqueous solution: properties-correcting agent, retardant and water are mixed into yellow transparent liquid after measuring,
2), compound preparation: measure the powder that mix grinding crosses, broken plastic waste, the additive aqueous solution at first respectively, at first add plastic waste under whipped state, the doping aqueous solution stirred 1～3 minute again, added powder at last, continue to stir after 5～8 minutes and become compound
3), moulding: compression moulding, tamping moulding or casting,
4), vapor cure.
4, the production method of a kind of composite low temperature ceramic-base material according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the described second class industrial residue calcination processing condition is 600～850 ℃ of calcinings 0.1～1.0 hour.
5, according to the production method of claim 3 or 4 described a kind of composite low temperature ceramic-base materials, it is characterized in that: the first and second class industrial residues are for use or two or more collocation are used separately respectively.
6, according to the production method of claim 3,4 or 5 described a kind of composite low temperature ceramic-base materials, it is characterized in that: described compression moulding condition is 10～20% of total mixture quality for the mixture moisture quality, forming pressure 10～20MPa, hot pressing temperature is 90～140 ℃, and the dwell time is 10～30 minutes; The tamping condition of molding: the mixture moisture quality is 21～39% of total mixture quality, and the band mould is placed the demoulding in 2～6 hours; The casting condition: the mixture moisture quality is 40～50% of total mixture quality, and vibrational frequency is 60～120 times/minute, amplitude 0.25～6mm; The band mould is placed the demoulding in 4～8 hours.
7, the production method of a kind of composite low temperature ceramic-base material according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described in moulding or band mould put procedure, and in die cavity, feed the industrial gaseous waste that contains carbonic acid gas and solidify CO with what quicken base substrate
2Volumetric concentration be 18～95%.
8, according to the production method of each described a kind of composite low temperature ceramic-base material in the claim 3,4,5,6,7, it is characterized in that: described vapor cure condition is that moulded products is piled up use vapor cure in autoclave, the maintaining process condition is normal temperature to 90 ℃ maintenance 1～2 hour, 90 ℃ of thermostatic curings 3～8 hours, 90 ℃ to 140～185 ℃ of maintenances of high temperature 1～2 hour, high temperature constant temperature maintenance 4～8 hours, high temperature to 60 ℃ maintenance 4～12 hours goes out still when temperature is lower than 60 ℃.
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