CN1803371A - Roller surface coarsening processing method using multiheaded high power laser and its device - Google Patents
Roller surface coarsening processing method using multiheaded high power laser and its device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1803371A CN1803371A CN 200610018261 CN200610018261A CN1803371A CN 1803371 A CN1803371 A CN 1803371A CN 200610018261 CN200610018261 CN 200610018261 CN 200610018261 A CN200610018261 A CN 200610018261A CN 1803371 A CN1803371 A CN 1803371A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a woolening manufacturing method, which consists of laser (2) and numerical control machine (3), wherein the working bench (4) loads multiple-prism light splitting and focusing device; the multiple-prism light splitting device (5) contains total reflection lens (502), multiple prisms (501), high-speed motor (509) and K light splitting heads; the focusing device is composed of K focusing heads with each focusing head corresponding to one output end of light splitting head; the light axle of focusing head is vertical of roll workpiece with woolening point distance DELTAX of two focusing heads as transverse distance and DELTAY as longitude distance (K>=2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surface of roller laser roughening process field, particularly relate to the roller surface coarsening processing method using multiheaded and device of a kind of high power laser light.
Background technology
Textured steel sheet has good punching performance and surperficial coating performance, it is the important raw and processed materials of extensive use in automobile, household electrical appliances, electronics and the production in light industry, the key technology of textured steel sheet production is the roller surface texturing, and laser roller texturing technology is that several texturing technology of using now comprise practical and advanced a kind of texturing technology in shot-peening texturing, electric spark texturing and the electron beam texturing.
Laser roller texturing technology mainly is divided into two big classes at present: a class is to adopt gas CO
2The CO of laser instrument
2Laser roughening, another kind of is to adopt solid Nd: the YAG laser roughening of YAG laser instrument.
At present, the CO that has succeeded in developing and be used to produce
2The laser roughening device is: with CO
2The high energy laser beam that laser instrument penetrates is transformed into pulse laser beam with light modulation rotating disk (chopper disk), by being radiated at processed roller surface after the condenser lens focusing, roll rotation in the process, laser head and the translation of optical emitting modulating system simultaneously, the small texturing that processes the spirality regular distribution at roller surface is cheated, as the large-scale CO of laser institute of Central China University of Science and Technology development
2Laser roller texturing process integrated system.But this system is owing to after adopting the optical chopper technology, can only utilize seldom part output laser energy, and energy utilization efficiency is not high, and complicated in mechanical structure, equipment volume are huge, and cost is higher relatively.Above-mentioned CO
2Laser roughening equipment texturing effect is better than electric spark texturing equipment, so but because the lower working (machining) efficiency of capacity usage ratio has been compared certain gap with electric spark texturing equipment.
YAG laser roughening equipment is the cold roll laser processing unit (plant) of Inst. of Mechanics, CAS in the nineties research and development.This device is to adopt the Nd:YAG laser instrument of acousto-optic Q modulation as pulse laser the source to take place, and pulse laser beam acts on roller surface after light path system focuses on, and by control q-frequency and roll rotational speed, realizes that desired surface roughness and texturing hole distributes.As " the laser processing device that is used for the surface of roller texturing " (patent No. ZL00264774.5) with controlled distribution texturing point, this laser processing device is exactly to adopt the Nd:YAG laser instrument of acousto-optic Q modulation as light source for processing, its shortcoming is: because YAG laser pump (ing) lamp is limited service life, need regularly carry out the maintenance works such as replacing of pumping lamp, influence production efficiency; In addition, the mean power of this device laser that uses is lower, and the texturing effect is limited, and production efficiency is very low, is difficult to satisfy the production needs of big section steel works.Although two laser instruments of this device design are changed by light path, laser instrument uses by turns in realizing producing, solve and continue to produce this problem, but this design has increased the complexity of mechanical system, cooling system and light path system, and is influential for functional reliability, the durability of processing unit (plant).
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: for overcoming the deficiency of above-mentioned laser roughening device, provide a kind of high-power laser roll class surface bull texturing process device.This device working (machining) efficiency height can realize bull processing simultaneously, and laser power without limits, can make full use of laser energy.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
High power laser light provided by the invention is roller surface coarsening processing method using multiheaded to be: utilize high power continuous wave laser output continuous laser beam, this laser beam is divided into K 〉=2 road pulse laser beams by a polygon prism spectrophotometric device, focus on back output by K focus head respectively again, surface of roller is carried out the bull texturing process simultaneously, make surface of roller form K bar helical scanning line lattice texturing hole and distribute.
High-power laser roll class provided by the invention surface bull texturing process device, it is provided with laser instrument and Digit Control Machine Tool, laser instrument, translation guide rail are housed on the fuselage of this lathe, are seated in the workbench on the translation guide rail and the roll rotating shaft of roll workpiece and top are installed, polygon prism spectrophotometric device and focusing are housed on the workbench with parallel being used to of translation guide rail.Wherein: laser instrument is the high power continuous wave laser; The polygon prism spectrophotometric device is made up of high-speed electric expreess locomotive and K branch shaven head of completely reflecting mirror, polygon prism and the rotation of drive polygon prism; The focus head array that focusing is made up of K focus head, the corresponding branch shaven head of each focus head input output, the focus head optical axis is vertical with the roll surface of the work, focus head lateral separation between any two is Δ X, this distance is the dot spacing between the texturing point, fore-and-aft distance is Δ Y, and minimum is as the criterion can place two focus heads; K 〉=2.
The present invention compared with prior art has following major advantage:
(1) adopt the continuous high power laser instrument as light source for processing, laser power can make full use of.Because laser Machining head is a plurality of, so can realize bull processing simultaneously, and technical not to the restriction of laser power, owing to can having obtained very high power, exports present continuous wave laser simultaneously, process velocity can obtain very high process velocity also without limits like this.
(2) adopt the polygon prism spectrophotometric device, continuous high power laser beam demultiplexing pulse laser is exported, need not adopt the light modulation rotating disk or carry out acousto-optic Q modulation to obtain pulse laser output, so laser energy utilizing rate height, simple in structure, volume is little, cost is low, long service life is produced and is safeguarded easily.
(3) owing to adopt continuous high power laser instrument (the continuous CO of high power for example
2Laser instrument or YAG laser instrument), technology maturation need not special maintenance in the work, and assurance equipment moves reliably and with long-term.
(4) adopt the parabolic focusing system of metal, so rapid heat dissipation, thermal deformation is little, focal beam spot stigmatic, spherical aberration, working stability.
(5) owing to adopt the three-shaft linkage digital control system to combine with the computer control of laser output power and pulse frequency, so can onlinely regulate, realize that texturing roll surface roughness and texturing hole distribution density is variable, and can realize that the roll surface texturing cheats multiple distribution, good product quality.
In a word, the present invention is simple in structure, long service life, working stability, and working (machining) efficiency height, good product quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of polygon prism spectrophotometric device 5 among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the layout schematic diagram of focus head array among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the texturing hole distribution schematic diagram that focus head produces on roll workpiece 1 surface.
The schematic diagram that Fig. 5 adopts transmission mode to focus on for focus head.
The schematic diagram that Fig. 6 adopts the parabolic reflector mode to focus on for focus head.
The specific embodiment
High power laser light provided by the invention is roller surface coarsening processing method using multiheaded, it utilizes high power continuous wave laser output continuous laser beam, this laser beam is divided into K 〉=2 road pulse laser beams by a polygon prism spectrophotometric device, focus on back output by K focus head respectively again, surface of roller is carried out the bull texturing process simultaneously, make surface of roller form K bar helical scanning line lattice texturing hole and distribute.Concrete steps are as follows:
By roll rotating shaft 301 on the Digit Control Machine Tool 3 and top 302 clamping roll workpiece 1;
Start Digit Control Machine Tool 3, make roll workpiece 1 by the rotating speed rotation of setting;
The continuous laser beam of laser instrument 2 outputs enters the polygon prism spectrophotometric device 5 that is installed on the workbench 4, shines certain working surface of the polygon prism 501 of rotation at a high speed after completely reflecting mirror 502 reflections, and laser instrument is the high power continuous wave laser;
This working surface of polygon prism 501 in rotary course with the inswept successively K of laser beam 〉=2 branch shaven heads, each divides shaven head to receive a part of laser when laser is inswept, and the polygon prism spectrophotometric device is divided into the pulse laser output of K road with the continuous laser beam that enters like this;
The K road pulse laser beam focus head focusing through K 〉=2 respectively by 5 outputs of polygon prism spectrophotometric device, focus vertically drops on roll workpiece 1 surface of rotation, under the centralized Control of Digit Control Machine Tool breaker roll workpiece rotational frequency, polygon prism rotating speed, workbench point-to-point speed, K focus head breaker roll workpiece carries out the bull texturing process simultaneously, forms K bar helical scanning line lattice texturing hole and distributes.Scan line pitch P=K Δ X, K 〉=2, Δ X is the dot spacing between the roll surface of the work texturing point, Δ X requires can be 150～350 μ m according to roll surface roughness.
High-power laser roll class provided by the invention surface bull texturing process device, its structure is as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2: be provided with laser instrument 2 and Digit Control Machine Tool 3, laser instrument 2, translation guide rail 303 are housed on the fuselage of this lathe, are seated in the workbench 4 on the translation guide rail 303 and the roll rotating shaft 301 of roll workpiece 1 and top 302 are installed, polygon prism spectrophotometric device 5 and focusing are housed on the workbench 4 with 303 parallel being used to of translation guide rail.Wherein: laser instrument 2 is the high power continuous wave laser.Polygon prism spectrophotometric device 5 is formed K 〉=2 by high-speed electric expreess locomotive 509 and K branch shaven head 503,504,505,506,507,508 of completely reflecting mirror 502, polygon prism 501 and 501 rotations of drive polygon prism.Focusing is a kind of focus head array of being made up of the individual focus head 601,602,603,604,605,606 with focusing function of K, they are the arrangement (Fig. 3) of oblique line or other form, and be installed on the workbench 4, their input is corresponding with minute output of shaven head 503,504,505,506,507,508 one by one, K 〉=2.Focus head lateral separation between any two is Δ X, the lateral distance delta X between the focus head 601,602 for example, and it is the dot spacing between the texturing point; Focus head fore-and-aft distance between any two is Δ Y, and minimum is as the criterion can place two focus heads, and for example the fore-and-aft distance between the focus head 605,606 is Δ Y.The optical axis of focus head array is vertical with roll workpiece 1 surface, the focus head array forms K bar helical scanning line lattice texturing hole distribution (see figure 4) simultaneously on roll workpiece to be processed 1 surface, scan line lattice point spacing vertically suggestion is b=150～350 μ m, the horizontal spacing suggestion is Δ X=150～350 μ m, scan line pitch P=K Δ X, K 〉=2.
Above-mentioned laser instrument 2 can adopt CO
2Laser instrument, its power output from 750～6000 watts continuous adjustable, laser output wavelength is 10.6 μ m; Also can select the laser instrument of other kind according to actual needs, for example the Nd:YAG laser instrument.The continuous laser beam of laser instrument 2 outputs is divided into K 〉=2 road pulse laser beams through polygon prism spectrophotometric device 501, be input to for example laser focusing head 601,602,603,604,605,606 among Fig. 3 of K laser focusing head, focus on back pair roller class workpiece 1 by it again and carry out the bull texturing process simultaneously, make surface of roller form K bar helical scanning line lattice texturing hole distribution (Fig. 4).Working (machining) efficiency is the highest like this.
Roll workpiece 1 to be processed is by roll rotating shaft 301 on the Digit Control Machine Tool 3 and top 302 clampings of lathe tailstock, and roll workpiece 1 is driven by roll rotating shaft 301 rotations and rotates.Workbench 4 on the Digit Control Machine Tool 3 can be done three-dimensional motion, and its motion is by Digit Control Machine Tool 3 controls.Digit Control Machine Tool 3 can adopt existing machine tool equipment, for example the XL9 Digit Control Machine Tool.
Described focus head can adopt transmission mode to focus on or adopt the parabolic reflector mode to focus on.Now be exemplified below:
Transmission mode focuses on as shown in Figure 5: focus head 601 is placed on the polygon prism spectrophotometric device by one side and divides speculum 7 and condenser lens 8 on bare headed 503 emitting light paths to form.Through behind the speculum 7, light path changes 90 ° from minute bare headed 503 emitting laser bundles, and incident condenser lens 8 focuses on then, and focus drops on roll workpiece 1 surface to be processed.
The parabolic reflector mode focuses on as shown in Figure 6: by the speculum 7 that is placed on bare headed 503 emitting light paths of branch, and speculum 9 and parabolic focus lamp 10 compositions.Through behind the speculum 7, light path changes 90 °, incides speculum 9 then from minute bare headed 503 emitting laser bundles, and light path changes 90 ° again, enters parabolic focus lamp 10 at last and focuses on, and focus drops on roll workpiece 1 surface to be processed.
Described polygon prism spectrophotometric device 5, its structure be as shown in Figure 2: 501 number N 〉=5 of polygon prism, be exemplified as the octahedral polygon prism among the figure, and each working surface is fully reflecting surface.Polygon prism one side links to each other with high-speed electric expreess locomotive 509, rotation at a high speed under high-speed electric expreess locomotive 509 drives, and its rotating speed is by Digit Control Machine Tool 4 controls, and high-speed electric expreess locomotive 509 rotating speeds are n=1.5～30,000 rev/min.K 〉=2 a branch shaven head 503,504,505,506,507,508 is closely arranged, and the reflector space of a face of corresponding polygon prism is fan-shaped distribution.
Polygon prism spectrophotometric device 5 and focusing move with workbench 4.High power continuous laser beam by laser instrument 2 outputs enters polygon prism spectrophotometric device 5, after completely reflecting mirror 502 reflections, shine on certain working surface of polygon prism 501, this working surface in rotary course with the inswept successively branch of laser beam shaven head 503,504,505,506,507,508, each divides shaven head to receive a part of laser when laser is inswept, so, when the inswept successively described branch of laser is bare headed, be equivalent to divide shaven head to distribute a laser pulse to each.When polygon prism 501 rotations, each polygon prism face distributes a pulse all for all branch shaven heads, so in fact, rotate polygon prism 501 and be equivalent to a continuous laser is partitioned into K 〉=2 road pulse lasers, each road laser is identical, and its pulse frequency is the f=Nn/60 hertz.The way K of laser can change according to processing request, has at most obtained the K=20 road now.
Fig. 3 has provided six road laser pulses, they enter six focus heads 601,602,603,604,605,606 that are installed on the workbench respectively, by these focus heads laser beam is focused on, focus is dropped on the surface of roll 1 to be processed, and six road pulse lasers breaker roll 1 surface simultaneously carry out texturing.The rotating speed of roll rotating shaft 301 during work, the rotating speed of the point-to-point speed of workbench 4 and high-speed electric expreess locomotive 509 are all by carrying out s operation control in the parameter set of Digit Control Machine Tool 4 by setting.Need the parameter of input digital control system to have: roller diameter D (mm), roll length L (mm), the separation delta X of texturing point, high-speed electric expreess locomotive rotation speed n 1 (rev/min), workbench translational speed V (mm/s).The comparable single channel laser of process velocity improves six times.
The given data of present embodiment are only for reference, and they can be decided according to actual conditions.
Claims (7)
1. a high power laser light is roller surface coarsening processing method using multiheaded, it is characterized in that: utilize high power continuous wave laser output continuous laser beam, this laser beam is divided into K 〉=2 road pulse laser beams by a polygon prism spectrophotometric device, focus on back output by K focus head respectively again, surface of roller is carried out the bull texturing process simultaneously, make surface of roller form K bar helical scanning line lattice texturing hole and distribute.
2. high power laser light according to claim 1 is roller surface coarsening processing method using multiheaded, it is characterized in that by following step surface of roller being carried out the bull texturing process:
By roll rotating shaft (301) on the Digit Control Machine Tool (3) and top (302) clamping roll workpiece (1);
Start Digit Control Machine Tool (3), make roll workpiece (1) by the rotating speed rotation of setting;
The continuous laser beam of laser instrument (2) output enters the polygon prism spectrophotometric device (5) that is installed on the workbench (4), shine certain working surface of the polygon prism (501) of rotation at a high speed after completely reflecting mirror (502) reflection, laser instrument is the high power continuous wave laser;
This working surface of polygon prism (501) in rotary course with the inswept successively K of laser beam 〉=2 branch shaven heads, each divides shaven head to receive a part of laser when laser is inswept, and the polygon prism spectrophotometric device is divided into the pulse laser output of K road with the continuous laser beam that enters like this;
The K road pulse laser beam focus head focusing through K 〉=2 respectively by polygon prism spectrophotometric device (5) output, focus vertically drops on roll workpiece (1) surface of rotation, under the centralized Control of Digit Control Machine Tool breaker roll workpiece rotational frequency, polygon prism rotating speed, workbench point-to-point speed, K focus head breaker roll workpiece carries out the bull texturing process simultaneously, makes surface of roller form K bar helical scanning line lattice texturing hole and distributes.
3. high power laser light according to claim 2 is roller surface coarsening processing method using multiheaded, it is characterized in that: scan line pitch P=K Δ X, and K 〉=2, Δ X is the dot spacing between roll workpiece (1) the surface texturing point.
4. high-power laser roll class surface bull texturing process device, it is provided with laser instrument (2) and Digit Control Machine Tool (3), roll rotating shaft (301) and top (302) of translation guide rail (303) being housed on the fuselage of this lathe, being seated in the workbench (4) on the translation guide rail and roll workpiece (1) being installed with parallel being used to of translation guide rail, polygon prism beam split and focusing are housed on the workbench, it is characterized in that: laser instrument is the high power continuous wave laser; Polygon prism spectrophotometric device (5) is made up of high-speed electric expreess locomotive (509) and K branch shaven head of completely reflecting mirror (502), polygon prism (501) and the rotation of drive polygon prism; The focus head array that focusing is made up of K focus head, the corresponding branch shaven head of each focus head input output, the focus head optical axis is vertical with the roll surface of the work, focus head lateral separation between any two is Δ X, this distance is the dot spacing between the texturing point, fore-and-aft distance is Δ Y, and minimum is as the criterion can place two focus heads; K 〉=2.
5. high-power laser roll class according to claim 4 surface bull texturing process device, it is characterized in that: the face of polygon prism (501) is counted N 〉=5, and its each working surface is fully reflecting surface.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described high-power laser roll class surface bull texturing process devices, it is characterized in that: a side of polygon prism (501) links to each other with high-speed electric expreess locomotive (509) rotating shaft, and its rotating speed is controlled by Digit Control Machine Tool (3).
7. high-power laser roll class according to claim 3 surface bull texturing process device, it is characterized in that: focus head adopts transmission mode to focus on or the parabolic reflector mode focuses on.
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