CN1800424A - Method for preparing nanometer SiC reinforced aluminum base composite material - Google Patents
Method for preparing nanometer SiC reinforced aluminum base composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing for nanometer SiC reinforced aluminum composite material in the field of mental material technology. It uses silicon carbide and aluminum as raw material to prepare for the mixing material on the protection of Ar gas. The SiC content of the mixing material is 5%-30% (by volumn ratio). It uses high-energy vibration mill to mill the mixing material 20-30h and dose hot-isostatic-bonding process on the condition of pressure 600MP-800MP and the temperature 200-250 deg. for 1-2h and then cools it. It dose vacuum heat pressing on high temperature vacuum heat pressing oven with the heat pressing temperature 600-700 deg. and the pressure 30MP-40MP for 2h and then keeps the temperature for 0.5h.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, relates to a metal matrix composite and a nano material, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite
Background
In recent years, the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material has been gradually approved by the aerospace industry due to its excellent properties such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, wear resistance and high temperature resistance, and is beginning to be applied in large scale. Meanwhile, the brake pad is widely applied to the fields of pistons, brake systems and the like of automobiles.
ROY and Komamenis et al, 1984, first proposed the concept of nanocomposites (nanocomposites), i.e., composites of two or more solid phases of Gibbs in nanoscale size (1-100nm) at least in one direction.
Compared with the traditional metal-based composite material, the metal-based nanocomposite material has greatly improved specific strength, specific modulus, wear resistance, electric conductivity and heat conductivity.
Because the specific surface area of the nano material is large, the porosity is large, and the prepared metal-based nano composite material is difficult to compact. The compactness is an important factor for determining the mechanical property of the material. How to improve the density of the material is the most important problem for optimizing the nano-phase reinforced metal matrix composite. In the past, a cold isostatic pressing method is mostly adopted in the forming treatment process of the nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite, the pressure can reach 600-800 MP, and the method is easy to realize at normal temperature. However, the density of the material is generally very low, only about 70%, and the density of the final material is basically within 90% through the final hot-pressing sintering.
The existing methods for preparing the nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite or the metal matrix nano composite can be roughly divided into a solid method and a liquid method.
The liquid method mainly comprises a casting method, a jet deposition method and a penetration method; the solid state method mainly includes a hot press method and an extrusion method.
The melting point of the matrix in the liquid method is very high, and harmful interface reaction is easy to occur . SiC exists in the aluminum liquid, so that the viscosity of the solution is improved, the fluidity is reduced, and the SiC is filled during castingThe filling performance is poor.
The hot pressing method has the advantages that the adding amount of the reinforcement SiC can be adjusted at will, the component proportion is accurate, and the volume fraction is convenient to control. The extrusion method has the advantages of lower preparation temperature and the disadvantages of complex process and high equipment requirement. Preparation of nano SiC reinforced aluminum base by solid state methodIn the composite material or the metal-based nano composite material, the cold isostatic pressing method is adopted or cancelled for the cold pressing blank making process in the prior art. The final metal-based nano composite material is easy to generate harmful interface reaction when being sintered in a high-temperature environment, and Al is generated by the interface reaction4C3The layer is very brittle and easily breaks. Meanwhile, the slippage and dislocation effects of the material are not obvious. The gas in the material is difficult to discharge, so that the porosity is high, and the density of thematerial is difficult to improve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the compactness of the aluminum matrix composite, the invention adopts two-step pressurization in a solid state method, and aims to provide a method for preparing the nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite.
In order to prepare the SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite, the invention uses a hot pressing method. The method is characterized in that a two-step pressurizing method is adopted in the hot pressing method, and the two-step pressurizing method comprises the following steps: hot isostatic pressing blank forming and hot pressing sintering.
The raw materials used in the invention are powder, and the SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is prepared by hot pressing the powder raw materials.
The invention mixes the raw materials according to the required amount, and the raw materials are mixed and pulverized in a high-energy ball mill after being mixed. Hot isostatic pressing blank making at the temperature of 200 ℃ and 250 ℃ and under the pressure of 600MP-800MP, namely the first step of pressing; and (3) carrying out high-temperature hot-pressing sintering at the temperature of 600-700 ℃ and under the pressure of 30-40 MP, namely, the second step of pressurization. The first and second pressing steps are the two-step pressing method of the present invention.
In order to more clearly understand the present invention, the process of preparing the nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite is described in detail.
(1) Selecting silicon carbide SiC with the purity of more than 99.9 percent and the granularity of 20-40nm and aluminum Al with the purity of more than 99 percent and the granularity of 100-200 meshesas raw materials, preparing the raw materials under the protection of Ar gas in a glove box, and mixing the silicon carbide SiC and the aluminum Al to form a mixture. In the mixture of SiC and Al, the content of SiC is 5-30% by volume percentage.
(2) The mixture is ball milled under high energy vibration milling for 20-30 hours.
(3) Taking out the powder after ball milling, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment under a tablet press and a heating system at the pressure of 600-800 MP and the temperature of 200-250 ℃, treating for 1-2 hours, and naturally cooling and taking out.
(4) And (4) carrying out vacuum hot pressing on the mixture subjected to the hot isostatic pressing treatment in a high-temperature vacuum hot pressing furnace. The temperature of the high-temperature vacuum hot-pressing furnace is 600-700 ℃, the pressure is 30-40 MP, the temperature rise time is 2 hours, and the heat preservation time is 0.5 hour. The temperature is slowly reduced at 700-400 ℃ in the high-temperature stage, the temperature reduction time is 2 hours, the temperature is rapidly reduced from 400 ℃ to room temperature, and the temperature reduction time is 1 hour. When the vacuum hot pressing temperature is reduced, the high-temperature vacuum hot pressing furnace system adopts a circulating water cooling method. After reaching room temperature, the material was removed.
In the process of material forming treatment, hot isostatic pressing is carried out at 220-250 ℃ and 600-800 MP, the density of the material can reach 80-90%, and the final density of the material can generally reach 90-99% through hot-pressing sintering, so that the method plays a key role in improving the mechanical property of the nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite.
The invention adopts a two-step pressurizing method to pressurizeat lower temperature, thereby avoiding the occurrence of interface reaction, being beneficial to the formation of slippage and dislocation of the material, reducing the porosity, improving the density of the material and reducing the pressure and temperature conditions for the final vacuum hot-pressing sintering. Therefore, the preparation process of the nano composite metal-based ceramic is simple, the requirement of equipment is reduced, and the preparation method is a good improvement.
By adopting the traditional method, the compactness of the material of 90 percent is difficult to realize. By using the invention, the density of the ceramic material with the doping volume ratio of the nano SiC to the Al of 5-30 percent is basically more than 95 percent and can reach more than 99 percent at most.
Detailed description of the invention
Preparing SiC and Al reinforced aluminum matrix composite material with doping volume ratio of 5 percent and 30nmSiC
(1) 30nm SiC of super nanometer company in Heilongjiang with the purity of 99.9 percent and 100-mesh Al of Shanghai chemical reagent with the purity of 99 percent are selected. 5 percent of SiC and 95 percent of Al are mixed, and Ar protective gas is introduced into a glove box.
(2) The mixture was ball milled for 20-30 hours using a 2MZS-3 high energy vibratory ball mill manufactured by New mineral powder mechanical Co., Ltd.
(3) Taking out the powder after ball milling, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment under 769YP-15A powder tablet press and a heating system of Tianjin high and new technology company of Ke Wako at the temperature of 200 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 1-2 hours, and naturally cooling and taking out.
(4) Vacuum hot pressing at 650-700 deg.C and 30-40 MP in TGR80/5000 vacuum hot pressing furnace from Xian Xinhui technology and industry. The temperature is slowly reduced at the temperature of 400-700 ℃ in the high-temperature stage, the temperature is quickly reduced at the temperature of between room temperature and 400 ℃, and the system adopts a circulating water cooling method. After reaching room temperature, the material was removed
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing a nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting silicon carbide SiC with the purity of more than 99.9 percent and aluminum Al with the purity of more than 99 percent as raw materials, mixing the raw materials under the protection of Ar gas in a glove box, and mixing the silicon carbide SiC with the aluminum Al, wherein the content of SiC in the mixture is 5-30 percent by volume percentage;
(2) ball milling the mixture for 20-30 hours under a high-energy vibration mill;
(3) taking out the powder after ball milling, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment under a tablet press and a heating system, wherein the pressure is 600-800 MP, the temperature is 200-250 ℃, the treatment time is 1-2 hours, and naturally cooling and taking out;
(4) carrying out vacuum hot pressing on the mixture subjected to the hot isostatic pressing treatment in a high-temperature vacuum hot pressing furnace; the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum hot-pressing furnace is 600-700 ℃, the pressure is 30-40 MP, and the temperature rise time is 2 hours; and (5) preserving the temperature for 0.5 hour, cooling to room temperature, and taking out the material.
2. The method for preparing SiC-reinforced Al-based nanocomposite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the SiC as the raw material has a particle size of 20-40nm and Al particle size of 100-200 mesh.
3. The method for preparing the nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the vacuum hot pressing process, the temperature is slowly reduced at 700-400 ℃ in the high temperature stage for 2 hours, and is rapidly reduced at 400-room temperature for 1 hour.
4. The method for preparing the nano SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 3, wherein a circulating water cooling method is adopted in a high-temperature vacuum hot pressing furnace system during the vacuum hot pressing and cooling.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the ball mill is 2MZS-3 high-energy vibration ball mill, the tablet press is 769YP-15A powder tablet press, and the autoclave is TGR80/5000 vacuum autoclave.
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| CNB2005100165113A CN100432252C (en) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-01-05 | Method for preparing nanometer SiC reinforced aluminum base composite material |
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| CNB2005100165113A CN100432252C (en) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-01-05 | Method for preparing nanometer SiC reinforced aluminum base composite material |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100457948C (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2009-02-04 | 杨树桐 | Metal-base nanometer composite material smelting process |
| CN101967586A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-02-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing self-lubricating radiation-proof Al-Bi alloy |
| CN102534627A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | SiC/Al composite material surface blackening method |
| CN102601356A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-07-25 | 河南理工大学 | Aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and composite material prepared with same |
| CN102676883A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-09-19 | 河南科技大学 | Silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102747254A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-10-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Reinforced intragranular aluminum matrix composites with nano ceramic particles added externally and preparation process thereof |
| CN103160702A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-19 | 山东大学 | Method for preparing silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN105039793A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-11 | 三峡大学 | Nano-featured enhanced aluminum-based composite and preparing method thereof |
| CN107326222A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-11-07 | 河南中联安全科技有限公司 | Nano composite aluminum alloy block blast-proof materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950280A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of graphene/carbon SiClx reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN109277578A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-29 | 四川建筑职业技术学院 | Prepare the powder metallurgical technique of high-volume fractional Si particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN110106405A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-09 | 王炳福 | A kind of preparation method of brake disc SiCp-Al composite material |
| CN112267039A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-26 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation process of high volume fraction silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN112788854A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-11 | 新余市木林森线路板有限公司 | Hot-pressing process for production of heat-conducting aluminum substrate circuit |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH02213431A (en) * | 1989-02-13 | 1990-08-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Sic whisker reinforced al alloy composite material |
| JP2002285258A (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-03 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Metal-ceramic composite material and production method therefor |
| CN1224728C (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2005-10-26 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Particle reinforced aluminium-based composite material and manufacture method thereof |
| CN1200125C (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-05-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Pressure casting method for controllable volume percent SiCp/Al composite material |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100457948C (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2009-02-04 | 杨树桐 | Metal-base nanometer composite material smelting process |
| CN101967586A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-02-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing self-lubricating radiation-proof Al-Bi alloy |
| CN102534627A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | SiC/Al composite material surface blackening method |
| CN102676883B (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2014-05-14 | 河南科技大学 | Silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102676883A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-09-19 | 河南科技大学 | Silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102601356B (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-05-29 | 河南理工大学 | Aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and composite material prepared with same |
| CN102601356A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-07-25 | 河南理工大学 | Aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and composite material prepared with same |
| CN102747254A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-10-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Reinforced intragranular aluminum matrix composites with nano ceramic particles added externally and preparation process thereof |
| CN103160702A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-19 | 山东大学 | Method for preparing silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN105039793A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-11 | 三峡大学 | Nano-featured enhanced aluminum-based composite and preparing method thereof |
| CN107326222A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-11-07 | 河南中联安全科技有限公司 | Nano composite aluminum alloy block blast-proof materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN107326222B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2019-04-12 | 河南中联安全科技有限公司 | Nano composite aluminum alloy block blast-proof materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950280A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of graphene/carbon SiClx reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950280B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-06-02 | 辽宁科技大学 | Graphene/silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109277578A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-29 | 四川建筑职业技术学院 | Prepare the powder metallurgical technique of high-volume fractional Si particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN110106405A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-09 | 王炳福 | A kind of preparation method of brake disc SiCp-Al composite material |
| CN112267039A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-26 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation process of high volume fraction silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN112267039B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-02-01 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation process of high volume fraction silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN112788854A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-11 | 新余市木林森线路板有限公司 | Hot-pressing process for production of heat-conducting aluminum substrate circuit |
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