CN102601356A - Aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and composite material prepared with same - Google Patents
Aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and composite material prepared with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102601356A CN102601356A CN2012101031826A CN201210103182A CN102601356A CN 102601356 A CN102601356 A CN 102601356A CN 2012101031826 A CN2012101031826 A CN 2012101031826A CN 201210103182 A CN201210103182 A CN 201210103182A CN 102601356 A CN102601356 A CN 102601356A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and a composite material prepared with the same, wherein the aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle uses aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder with the particle size of 50-100 nanometers as a cladding material, and uses a silicon carbide particle with the particle size of 20-50 micrometers as a cladding core. The nanoscale aluminum powder or the aluminum alloy powder is clad on the surface of the silicon carbide particle by the aid of binder, and the cladding form of the aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle is uniform and complete. The invention further relates to the aluminum-based composite material prepared with the aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle. The prepared aluminum-based composite material is compact in structure, agglomeration of the silicon carbide particle is avoided, and the mechanical property of the composite material is excellent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aluminum matrix composite field, relate to a kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle particularly and reach enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles by its preparation.
Background technology
Because enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles has that density is little, light weight, high specific strength and specific modulus, low thermal coefficient of expansion, good dimensional stability, heat-conductivity conducting performance are good; Good series of advantages such as anti-wear performance; Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material has become one of most important focus in the field of research of metal, is one of the most competitive metal-base composites of generally acknowledging at present.
In states such as the U.S. and Japan, the preparation technology and the performance study of said material reach its maturity, begin to obtain practical application in electronics, military field.SiC particle strengthening aluminum matrix composite is regarded as the material of breakthrough by the U.S., and its performance can match in excellence or beauty with titanium alloy, and price is less than 1/10 of titanium alloy.Enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles is that recent two decades comes a metalloid based composites worldwide with fastest developing speed, that application prospect is the widest; Be considered to a kind of desirable lightweight structural material, especially in critical products such as motor vehicle engine piston, cylinder head (cylinder cap), cylinder body and aircraft industry, have broad application prospects.
U.S. Duralcan company has built up the professional factory of SiC/Al composite material section bar, bar, ingot casting and the composite material parts of producing 11340 tons per year in Canada.At present, the 20%SiC of Duralcan company production
pThe yield strength ratio aluminum matrix alloy of/A356Al composite improves 75%, and elastic modelling quantity improves 30%, and thermal coefficient of expansion reduces 29%, and wearability improves 3～4 times.Near during the last ten years several, the development of such composite and practical applications at home and abroad receive widely and paying attention to.
Utilize powder metallurgic method to prepare the shortcoming that aluminum matrix composite can overcome silicon-carbide particle and the wetting difficulty of molten aluminium alloy, thereby be developed at first and be used for SiC
pOne of preparation method of/Al.Concrete preparation SiC
pThe powder metallurgical technique route of/Al has multiple, and the most popular and typical at present technological process is: silicon carbide powder mixes with the aluminium alloy powder → cold forming → vacuum degassing → hot pressed sintering → hot machining.The advantage of powder metallurgic method is that silicon carbide powder and aluminium alloy powder can be by any mixed, and proportioning precise control, convenience.The powder metallurgic method technical maturity, forming temperature is lower, does not have interfacial reaction basically, steady quality, strengthening the body volume fraction can be higher, can select tiny enhancing body particle for use.Shortcoming is that equipment cost is high, and particle is not easy to mix, and occurs more hole easily, must carry out secondary operations, with the raising mechanical performance, but often in subsequent processes, is difficult for eliminating, and structure, the shape and size of institute's workpieces all receive certain restriction.
The present invention is primarily aimed at powder metallurgical technique and prepares composite and exist batch mixing uneven, produces that agglomeration studies.Prepare on the aluminum matrix composite basis at the research hot pressed sintering; Proposition utilizes aluminium bag SiC composite particles to prepare aluminum matrix composite; Find in the early-stage Study that aluminium powder and SiC particle the silicon-carbide particle agglomeration occurs after mixing easily in the hot pressed sintering process; Cause the SiC distribution of particles inhomogeneous, influence performance of composites.Utilize aluminium bag SiC composite particles to prepare aluminum matrix composite,, the SiC uniform particles is distributed in the matrix because SiC particle outside clad nano aluminium powder or nano aluminum alloy powder can be avoided the generation of agglomeration in the sintering process.The invention of relevant composite particles preparation is the aluminium nickel coat for example; Copper-clad SiC particle etc., the former is mainly used in field of thermal spray, and the latter prepares composite particles through chemical method; Through retrieval, do not find to prepare the technology that aluminium bag SiC composite particles prepares aluminum matrix composite through physical method.
Summary of the invention
On the one hand, the invention discloses a kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, this composite particles is core with the silicon-carbide particle, and nanometer aluminium powder or Al alloy powder are coated on the silicon-carbide particle surface through binding agent.
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle of the present invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) material choice: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 50-100nm is clad material; The selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 20-50 μ m is the coating core; The total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%; Wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 60%-80%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 20%-40%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+no benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent; Its proportioning by weight is a phenolic resins: no benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for the 8%-10% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) set by step after the ratio of (1) takes by weighing raw material; To not have and add aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle again after benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins evenly mix; Premixed 5 minutes in ball mill adds the NL curing agent then and carries out normal temperature cure under the normal temperature, solidifies to accomplish continued and in ball mill, mixed 30 minutes; The final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said aluminium alloy is selected from ZL101, ZL101A, ZL102,6061,6063.
Reunite respectively for fear of hot pressed sintering aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle; So select nanoscale aluminium powder or Al alloy powder to come the carbon coated silicon carbide particle; Aluminium powder or Al alloy powder are tiny more; Aluminium powder that coats in the same silicon-carbide particle or Al alloy powder are many more, and covered effect is good more.Therefore as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of said aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 50-80nm.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of said silicon-carbide particle is 30-40 μ m.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the volume fraction of said aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 65%-75%, and the volume fraction of said silicon-carbide particle is 25%-35%.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides the carborundum reinforced aluminum matrix composites of using aluminium bag silicon carbide compound granulate preparation, and it is realized through following technical scheme:
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and concrete technological parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 490-510 ℃, and temperature retention time is 150-210 minute, and sintering pressure is 25-35MPa.
Hot-pressing sintering technique is to the final performance decisive role of composite, and the factor that influences the hot pressed sintering effect mainly comprises sintering temperature, temperature retention time and sintering pressure.Rationally formulating sintering process parameter is an excellent crucial step of composite of processability, therefore is necessary to explore suitable sintering process parameter, and through experimental study, it is following that the present invention explores the selection process of hot pressed sintering:
(1) sintering temperature: sintering temperature is one of key factor that influences sintering effect.Sintering temperature is high more, and densified speed is just fast more, and density is just high more simultaneously.But sintering temperature is too high, growing up unusually of crystal grain can occur, reduces the mechanical property of product; The preferred sintering temperature of the present invention is 500 ℃.
(2) temperature retention time: temperature retention time is that material densification and crystal grain are grown the needed time, and temperature retention time is too short, and densification process has little time to accomplish; Temperature retention time is long, causes crystal grain to be grown up unusually easily.The preferred temperature retention time of the present invention is 180 minutes.
(3) sintering pressure: in general, the bulky grain contact is tight more more for impressed pressure, and diffusional resistance is more little, and along with the increase gradually of pressure, density will correspondingly improve.The preferred sintering pressure of the present invention is 30MPa.
Adopt aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle of the present invention to be evenly distributed through silicon-carbide particle in the aluminum matrix composite of hot-pressing sintering technique preparation; No large tracts of land agglomeration, its mechanical property obviously are superior to through doing the composite of mixed silicon-carbide particle and aluminum particle preparation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is to use the aluminum matrix composite metallograph of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle of the present invention through the hot-pressing sintering technique preparation;
Fig. 2 passes through the aluminum matrix composite metallograph that hot-pressing sintering technique prepares with doing the aluminium powder and the silicon-carbide particle that mix.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention through following specific embodiment, but this does not mean limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) material choice: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 60nm is clad material; The selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 35 μ m is the coating core; The total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%; Wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 70%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 30%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+no benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent; Its proportioning by weight is a phenolic resins: no benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 8% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) set by step after the ratio of (1) takes by weighing raw material; To not have and add aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle again after benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins evenly mix; Premixed 5 minutes in ball mill adds the NL curing agent then and carries out normal temperature cure under the normal temperature, solidifies to accomplish continued and in ball mill, mixed 30 minutes; The final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium packetize silicon composite particles is carried out hot pressed sintering, and concrete technological parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 500 ℃, and temperature retention time is 180 minutes, and sintering pressure is 30MPa, can obtain the carborundum reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) material choice: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 50nm is clad material; The selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 20 μ m is the coating core; The total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%; Wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 80%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 20%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+no benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent; Its proportioning by weight is a phenolic resins: no benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 9% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) set by step after the ratio of (1) takes by weighing raw material; To not have and add aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle again after benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins evenly mix; Premixed 5 minutes in ball mill adds the NL curing agent then and carries out normal temperature cure under the normal temperature, solidifies to accomplish continued and in ball mill, mixed 30 minutes; The final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and concrete technological parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 490 ℃, and temperature retention time is 210 minutes, and sintering pressure is 35MPa, can obtain the carborundum reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) material choice: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 80nm is clad material; The selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 30 μ m is the coating core; The total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%; Wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 60%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 40%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+no benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent; Its proportioning by weight is a phenolic resins: no benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 8.5% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) set by step after the ratio of (1) takes by weighing raw material; To not have and add aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle again after benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins evenly mix; Premixed 5 minutes in ball mill adds the NL curing agent then and carries out normal temperature cure under the normal temperature, solidifies to accomplish continued and in ball mill, mixed 30 minutes; The final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and concrete technological parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 510 ℃, and temperature retention time is 150 minutes, and sintering pressure is 30MPa, can obtain the carborundum reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Embodiment 4
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) material choice: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 100nm is clad material; The selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 50 μ m is the coating core; The total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%; Wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 75%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 25%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+no benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent; Its proportioning by weight is a phenolic resins: no benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 10% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) set by step after the ratio raw materials weighing of (1); To not have and add aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle again after benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins evenly mix; Premixed 5 minutes in ball mill adds the NL curing agent then and carries out normal temperature cure under the normal temperature, solidifies to accomplish continued and in ball mill, mixed 30 minutes; The final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and concrete technological parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 510 ℃, and temperature retention time is 180 minutes, and sintering pressure is 25MPa, can obtain the carborundum reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Embodiment 5
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) material choice: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 60nm is clad material; The selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 40 μ m is the coating core; The total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%; Wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 65%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 35%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+no benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent; Its proportioning by weight is a phenolic resins: no benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 9.5% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) set by step after the ratio raw materials weighing of (1); To not have and add aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle again after benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins evenly mix; Premixed 5 minutes in ball mill adds the NL curing agent then and carries out normal temperature cure under the normal temperature, solidifies to accomplish continued and in ball mill, mixed 30 minutes; The final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and concrete technological parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 490 ℃, and temperature retention time is 210 minutes, and sintering pressure is 30MPa, can obtain the carborundum reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2; Adopt aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle of the present invention to be evenly distributed through silicon-carbide particle in the aluminum matrix composite of hot-pressing sintering technique preparation; No large tracts of land agglomeration, its mechanical property obviously are superior to through doing the composite of mixed silicon-carbide particle and aluminum particle preparation.
Claims (7)
1. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) material choice: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 50-100nm is clad material; The selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 20-50 μ m is the coating core; The total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%; Wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 60%-80%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 20%-40%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+no benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent; Its proportioning by weight is a phenolic resins: no benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for the 8%-10% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) set by step after the ratio of (1) takes by weighing raw material; To not have and add aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle again after benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins evenly mix; Premixed 5 minutes in ball mill adds the NL curing agent then and carries out normal temperature cure under the normal temperature, solidifies to accomplish continued and in ball mill, mixed 30 minutes; The final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
2. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle according to claim 1, wherein said aluminium alloy is selected from ZL101, ZL101A, ZL102,6061,6063.
3. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle according to claim 1, the particle diameter of wherein said aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 50-80nm.
4. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle according to claim 1, the particle diameter of wherein said silicon-carbide particle is 30-40 μ m.
5. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle according to claim 1, the volume fraction of wherein said aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 65%-75%, the volume fraction of said silicon-carbide particle is 25%-35%.
6. carborundum reinforced aluminum matrix composites of using each described aluminium bag silicon carbide compound granulate preparation among the claim 1-5 is characterized in that:
Aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and concrete technological parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 490-510 ℃, and temperature retention time is 150-210 minute, and sintering pressure is 25-35MPa.
7. carborundum reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 6, wherein said hot pressed sintering temperature is 500 ℃, and temperature retention time is 180 minutes, and sintering pressure is 30MPa.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105689702A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-22 | 河南理工大学 | Aluminum-coated graphite composite powder, aluminum-graphite composite comprising composite powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN106187247A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-07 | 唐山贝斯特高温材料有限公司 | Metallic aluminium silicon carbide composite diphase material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108580922A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-28 | 东北大学 | A method of preparing high-performance aluminum base silicon carbide |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106187247B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-11-08 | 唐山贝斯特高温材料有限公司 | Metallic aluminium silicon carbide composite diphase material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108580922A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-28 | 东北大学 | A method of preparing high-performance aluminum base silicon carbide |
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