CN102601356B - Aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and composite material prepared with same - Google Patents
Aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and composite material prepared with same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle and a composite material prepared with the same, wherein the aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle uses aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder with the particle size of 50-100 nanometers as a cladding material, and uses a silicon carbide particle with the particle size of 20-50 micrometers as a cladding core. The nanoscale aluminum powder or the aluminum alloy powder is clad on the surface of the silicon carbide particle by the aid of binder, and the cladding form of the aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle is uniform and complete. The invention further relates to the aluminum-based composite material prepared with the aluminum clad silicon carbide composite particle. The prepared aluminum-based composite material is compact in structure, agglomeration of the silicon carbide particle is avoided, and the mechanical property of the composite material is excellent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aluminum matrix composite field, relate to particularly a kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle and enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles prepared therefrom.
Background technology
Because enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles has density is little, quality is light, high specific strength and specific modulus, low thermal coefficient of expansion, good dimensional stability, heat-conductivity conducting performance is good, the good series of advantages such as anti-wear performance, particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material has become one of most important focus in the field of research of metal, is one of the most competitive metal-base composites of generally acknowledging at present.
In states such as the U.S. and Japan, such material preparation technique and performance study have reached its maturity, begin to obtain practical application in electronics, military field.SiC particle strengthening aluminum matrix composite is considered as the material of breakthrough by the U.S., and its performance can match in excellence or beauty with titanium alloy, and price is less than 1/10 of titanium alloy.Enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles is that recent two decades comes the worldwide the widest metalloid based composites of with fastest developing speed, application prospect, be considered to a kind of desirable lightweight structural material, especially in the critical products such as motor vehicle engine piston, cylinder head (cylinder cap), cylinder body and aircraft industry, have broad application prospects.
U.S. Duralcan company is in the built professional factory that produces 11340 tons SiC/Al composite material section bar, bar, ingot casting and composite material parts per year of Canada.At present, the 20%SiC of Duralcan company production
pThe yield strength ratio aluminum matrix alloy of/A356Al composite improves 75%, and elastic modelling quantity improves 30%, and thermal coefficient of expansion reduces 29%, and wearability improves 3～4 times.Near during the last ten years several, the development of such composite and engineering are applied in both at home and abroad to be paid attention to widely.
Utilize powder metallurgic method to prepare the shortcoming that aluminum matrix composite can overcome silicon-carbide particle and the wetting difficulty of molten aluminium alloy, thereby be developed and be used for SiC at first
pOne of preparation method of/Al.Concrete preparation SiC
pThe powder metallurgical technique route of/Al has multiple, and at present the most popular and typical technological process is: silicon carbide powder mixes with the aluminium alloy powder → cold forming → vacuum degassing → hot pressed sintering → heat engine tool processing.The advantage of powder metallurgic method is that silicon carbide powder and aluminium alloy powder can mix in any ratio, and proportioning precise control, convenience.The powder metallurgic method technical maturity, forming temperature is lower, basically not Presence of an interface reaction, steady quality, strengthening the body volume fraction can be higher, can select tiny enhancing body particle.Shortcoming is that equipment cost is high, and particle is not easy to mix, and occurs than concrete dynamic modulus easily, must carry out secondary operations, with the raising mechanical performance, but often is difficult for eliminating in subsequent processes, and structure, the shape and size of institute's workpieces all are subject to certain restrictions.
The present invention prepares composite mainly for powder metallurgical technique and exists batch mixing uneven, and the generation agglomeration is studied.Prepare on the aluminum matrix composite basis at the research hot pressed sintering; proposition utilizes aluminium bag SiC composite particles to prepare aluminum matrix composite; find in the early-stage Study; after aluminium powder and SiC particle mix; the silicon-carbide particle agglomeration appears in the hot pressed sintering process easily; cause the SiC distribution of particles inhomogeneous, affect the performance of composite.Utilize aluminium bag SiC composite particles to prepare aluminum matrix composite, because SiC particle outside clad nano aluminium powder or nano-aluminium alloy powder can be avoided the generation of agglomeration in the sintering process, the SiC uniform particles is distributed in the matrix.Example such as the aluminium nickel coat of relevant composite particles preparation, copper-clad SiC particle etc., the former is mainly used in field of thermal spray, and the latter prepares composite particles by chemical method, by retrieval, do not find to prepare the technology that aluminium bag SiC composite particles prepares aluminum matrix composite by physical method.
Summary of the invention
On the one hand, the invention discloses a kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, this composite particles is take silicon-carbide particle as core, and nanometer aluminium powder or Al alloy powder are coated on the silicon-carbide particle surface by binding agent.
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle of the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) raw material is selected: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 50-100nm is clad material, the selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 20-50 μ m is the coating core, the total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%, wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 60%-80%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 20%-40%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+without benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent, its proportioning by weight is phenolic resins: without the benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for the 8%-10% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) take by weighing raw material in the ratio of step (1) after, to evenly add again aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle after the mixing without benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins, premixed 5 minutes in ball mill under the normal temperature, then add the NL curing agent and carry out normal temperature cure, continuation mixed in ball mill 30 minutes after curing was finished, the final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described aluminium alloy is selected from ZL101, ZL101A, ZL102,6061,6063.
Reunite respectively for fear of hot pressed sintering aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle, so select nanoscale aluminium powder or Al alloy powder to come the carbon coated silicon carbide particle, aluminium powder or Al alloy powder are more tiny, the aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder that coat in the same silicon-carbide particle are more, and covered effect is better.Therefore as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of described aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 50-80nm.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of described silicon-carbide particle is 30-40 μ m.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the volume fraction of described aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 65%-75%, and the volume fraction of described silicon-carbide particle is 25%-35%.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides the Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC that uses the preparation of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, and it is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and the concrete technology parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 490-510 ℃, and temperature retention time is 150-210 minute, and sintering pressure is 25-35MPa.
Hot-pressing sintering technique plays conclusive effect to the final performance of composite, and the factor that affects the hot pressed sintering effect mainly comprises sintering temperature, temperature retention time and sintering pressure.The rational sintering process parameter is a step of the excellent composite key of processability, therefore is necessary to explore suitable sintering process parameter, and it is as follows that the selection process of hot pressed sintering is explored in by experiment research, the present invention:
(1) sintering temperature: sintering temperature is one of key factor that affects sintering effect.Sintering temperature is higher, and densification rate is just faster, and density is just higher simultaneously.But sintering temperature is too high, the abnormal growth of crystal grain can occur, reduces the mechanical property of product; The preferred sintering temperature of the present invention is 500 ℃.
(2) temperature retention time: temperature retention time is that material densification and crystal grain are grown the needed time, and temperature retention time is too short, and densification process has little time to finish; Temperature retention time is long, causes easily abnormal grain growth.The preferred temperature retention time of the present invention is 180 minutes.
(3) sintering pressure: in general, more the bulky grain contact is tightr for impressed pressure, and diffusional resistance is less, and along with the gradually increase of pressure, density will correspondingly improve.The preferred sintering pressure of the present invention is 30MPa.
Adopt aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle of the present invention to be evenly distributed by silicon-carbide particle in the aluminum matrix composite of hot-pressing sintering technique preparation, without the large tracts of land agglomeration, its mechanical property obviously is better than by being dry mixed the composite of silicon-carbide particle and aluminum particle preparation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 uses aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle of the present invention by the aluminum matrix composite metallograph of hot-pressing sintering technique preparation;
Fig. 2 is the aluminum matrix composite metallograph for preparing by hot-pressing sintering technique with the aluminium powder that is dry mixed and silicon-carbide particle.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention by following specific embodiment, but this does not mean limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) raw material is selected: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 60nm is clad material, the selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 35 μ m is the coating core, the total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%, wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 70%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 30%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+without benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent, its proportioning by weight is phenolic resins: without the benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 8% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) take by weighing raw material in the ratio of step (1) after, to evenly add again aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle after the mixing without benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins, premixed 5 minutes in ball mill under the normal temperature, then add the NL curing agent and carry out normal temperature cure, continuation mixed in ball mill 30 minutes after curing was finished, the final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium packetize silicon composite particles is carried out hot pressed sintering, and the concrete technology parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 500 ℃, and temperature retention time is 180 minutes, and sintering pressure is 30MPa, can obtain Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) raw material is selected: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 50nm is clad material, the selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 20 μ m is the coating core, the total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%, wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 80%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 20%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+without benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent, its proportioning by weight is phenolic resins: without the benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 9% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) take by weighing raw material in the ratio of step (1) after, to evenly add again aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle after the mixing without benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins, premixed 5 minutes in ball mill under the normal temperature, then add the NL curing agent and carry out normal temperature cure, continuation mixed in ball mill 30 minutes after curing was finished, the final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and the concrete technology parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 490 ℃, and temperature retention time is 210 minutes, and sintering pressure is 35MPa, can obtain Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) raw material is selected: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 80nm is clad material, the selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 30 μ m is the coating core, the total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%, wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 60%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 40%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+without benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent, its proportioning by weight is phenolic resins: without the benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 8.5% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) take by weighing raw material in the ratio of step (1) after, to evenly add again aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle after the mixing without benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins, premixed 5 minutes in ball mill under the normal temperature, then add the NL curing agent and carry out normal temperature cure, continuation mixed in ball mill 30 minutes after curing was finished, the final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and the concrete technology parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 510 ℃, and temperature retention time is 150 minutes, and sintering pressure is 30MPa, can obtain Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC.
Embodiment 4
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) raw material is selected: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 100nm is clad material, the selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 50 μ m is the coating core, the total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%, wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 75%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 25%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+without benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent, its proportioning by weight is phenolic resins: without the benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 10% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) after the ratio raw materials weighing in step (1), to evenly add again aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle after the mixing without benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins, premixed 5 minutes in ball mill under the normal temperature, then add the NL curing agent and carry out normal temperature cure, continuation mixed in ball mill 30 minutes after curing was finished, the final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and the concrete technology parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 510 ℃, and temperature retention time is 180 minutes, and sintering pressure is 25MPa, can obtain Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC.
Embodiment 5
A kind of aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) raw material is selected: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 60nm is clad material, the selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 40 μ m is the coating core, the total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%, wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 65%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 35%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+without benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent, its proportioning by weight is phenolic resins: without the benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for 9.5% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) after the ratio raw materials weighing in step (1), to evenly add again aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle after the mixing without benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins, premixed 5 minutes in ball mill under the normal temperature, then add the NL curing agent and carry out normal temperature cure, continuation mixed in ball mill 30 minutes after curing was finished, the final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
Above-mentioned aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and the concrete technology parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 490 ℃, and temperature retention time is 210 minutes, and sintering pressure is 30MPa, can obtain Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, adopt aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle of the present invention to be evenly distributed by silicon-carbide particle in the aluminum matrix composite of hot-pressing sintering technique preparation, without the large tracts of land agglomeration, its mechanical property obviously is better than by being dry mixed the composite of silicon-carbide particle and aluminum particle preparation.
Claims (7)
1. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle, it is prepared by following steps:
(1) raw material is selected: the selection particle diameter is that aluminium powder or the Al alloy powder of 50-100nm is clad material, the selection particle diameter is that the silicon-carbide particle of 20-50 μ m is the coating core, the total volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle is counted 100%, wherein the volume fraction of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 60%-80%, and the volume fraction of silicon-carbide particle is 20%-40%; Bonding agent is: phenolic resins+without benzene synthetic thinner+NL curing agent, its proportioning by weight is phenolic resins: without the benzene synthetic thinner: NL curing agent=3.5: 10: 1, weight of binder account for the 8%-10% of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, silicon-carbide particle and binding agent gross weight;
(2) take by weighing raw material in the ratio of step (1) after, to evenly add again aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and silicon-carbide particle after the mixing without benzene synthetic thinner and phenolic resins, premixed 5 minutes in ball mill under the normal temperature, then add the NL curing agent and carry out normal temperature cure, continuation mixed in ball mill 30 minutes after curing was finished, the final drying sub-sieve can be prepared aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle.
2. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle according to claim 1, wherein said aluminium alloy is selected from ZL101, ZL101A, ZL102,6061,6063.
3. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle according to claim 1, the particle diameter of wherein said aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 50-80nm.
4. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle according to claim 1, the particle diameter of wherein said silicon-carbide particle is 30-40 μ m.
5. aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle according to claim 1, the volume fraction of wherein said aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is 65%-75%, the volume fraction of described silicon-carbide particle is 25%-35%.
6. a right to use requires the Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC that each described aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle prepares among the 1-5, it is characterized in that:
Aluminium bag silicon carbide compound particle is carried out hot pressed sintering, and the concrete technology parameter is respectively: the hot pressed sintering temperature is 490-510 ℃, and temperature retention time is 150-210 minute, and sintering pressure is 25-35MPa.
7. Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC according to claim 6, wherein said hot pressed sintering temperature is 500 ℃, and temperature retention time is 180 minutes, and sintering pressure is 30MPa.
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| CN105689702B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2018-09-21 | 河南理工大学 | Aluminium packet Graphite Composite Powder, the aluminum-graphite composite and preparation method thereof comprising the composite granule |
| CN106187247B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-11-08 | 唐山贝斯特高温材料有限公司 | Metallic aluminium silicon carbide composite diphase material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108580922B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-12-24 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing high-performance aluminum-based silicon carbide |
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