CN1797791A - Cmos图像传感器中的光电二极管及其制造方法 - Google Patents

Cmos图像传感器中的光电二极管及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1797791A
CN1797791A CNA2005101320370A CN200510132037A CN1797791A CN 1797791 A CN1797791 A CN 1797791A CN A2005101320370 A CNA2005101320370 A CN A2005101320370A CN 200510132037 A CN200510132037 A CN 200510132037A CN 1797791 A CN1797791 A CN 1797791A
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黄�俊
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DongbuAnam Semiconductor Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14643Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14603Special geometry or disposition of pixel-elements, address-lines or gate-electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
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    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14683Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
    • H01L27/14689MOS based technologies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/08Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
    • H01L31/10Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors

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Abstract

提供一种CMOS图像传感器,其中在蓝光电二极管区中形成P-型杂质包含层并通过扩散形成P-型扩散区,使得结深度减小且蓝光被有效地接收以改善图像质量。一种制造CMOS图像传感器的方法,包括:在光电二极管区中的第一传导类型半导体基片上形成第二传导类型扩散区;在光电二极管区中的第二传导类型扩散区上形成第一传导类型杂质包含区;以及通过将第一传导类型杂质包含区中的杂质扩散到第二传导类型扩散区中而形成第一传导类型扩散区。

Description

CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管及其制造方法
本申请要求2004年12月30日提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2004-0117221的利益,其在此引入作为参考以用于任何目的,如同完全陈述于此。
技术领域
本发明涉及CMOS图像传感器,并且更具体地涉及CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管及其制造方法,所述方法在蓝光电二极管区中提供P-型杂质包含层,并通过扩散形成P-型扩散区,以因此减小结深度(junction depth)。因而,可有效地接收蓝光以改善图像质量。
背景技术
图像传感器是用于将光学图像信号转换成电信号的半导体器件,并且包括开关类型的互补金属-氧化物-硅(CMOS)图像传感器。CMOS图像传感器包括电荷耦合器件,在所述电荷耦合器件中,电荷载流子储存在彼此非常接近的金属-氧化物-硅(MOS)电容器和MOS晶体管中。MOS电容器和MOS晶体管使用CMOS技术制造成具有若干像素,所述CMOS技术在外围电路中使用控制电路和信号处理电路,并使用MOS晶体管顺序检测输出。
用于将目标信息转换成电信号的CMOS图像传感器包括具有光电二极管的信号处理芯片。放大器、模/数转换器、内电压发生器、计时发生器和数字逻辑可连接到一个芯片,从而减小空间、功率和成本。电荷耦合器件可通过特殊方法制造,而CMOS图像传感器可通过蚀刻硅晶片的方法制造。该方法比制造电荷耦合器件的方法便宜。因而,CMOS图像传感器在大规模生产中是有利的,并具有有利的集成度。
在蓝、红和绿光中,最小波长的蓝光在CMOS图像传感器中以0.5μm或更小穿透硅晶格(si1icon 1attice)。为减小半导体基片的表面中的悬挂键,通过具有P0/N-/P-外延结构的PNP二极管形成光电二极管。这里,通过离子注入形成P0层。这导致结深度增加,并因而难以有效的接收蓝光并将光能转换成电能。
图1说明了根据相关现有技术的CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管。如图1所示,在高浓度P-型基片110上生长了低浓度P-型外延层111,并且通过在该外延层111中形成沟槽并以绝缘层填充该沟槽而在所述外延层111中形成用于隔离元件的浅沟槽隔离区118。然后,在外延层111上形成栅绝缘层116,并且在该栅绝缘层116上形成转移晶体管(transfer transistor)的栅电极114和重置晶体管(reset transistor)的栅电极115。
在光电二极管区120的外延层111中形成低浓度N-型扩散区113。在转移晶体管的栅电极114和重置晶体管的栅电极115之间以及在重置晶体管的栅电极115两侧的外延层111中形成高浓度N-型扩散区117。浮动扩散区121是转移晶体管的栅电极114和重置晶体管的栅电极115之间的区。
在低浓度N-型扩散区113上以约0.2-0.5μm的厚度形成具有低于外延层111且高于基片110的浓度的P-型扩散区119,以在光电二极管区120中形成光电二极管。
因而,CMOS图像传感器的蓝光电二极管由P-型半导体基片110、N-型扩散区113以及P-型扩散区119形成。通过离子注入而在N-型扩散区113上形成的P-型扩散区119的结深度增加。因而,难以有效地接收蓝光并将光能转换成电能。
发明内容
相应的,本发明涉及CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管及其制造方法,所述方法基本上排除了由于相关现有技术的限制和缺点导致的所述问题的一个或多个。
本发明的一个优点是提供CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管及其制造方法,其中在蓝光电二极管区中形成P-型杂质包含层并通过扩散形成P-型扩散区,使得结深度减小并且蓝光被有效地接收从而改善图像质量。
本发明另外的特征和优点将在随后的说明中阐明,并且部分地将从本说明中显而易见,或可通过实践本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点将通过在本书面说明及关于此的权利要求以及附图中所具体指出的结构和方法得以实现和获得。
为实现这些及其他优点并且根据本发明的目的,如所体现的和广泛描述的,提供有CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管,其包括:第一传导类型半导体基片;第二传导类型扩散区,在光电二极管区中的所述半导体基片上形成;第一传导类型扩散区,在所述光电二极管区中的第二传导类型扩散区上形成;以及第一传导类型杂质包含层,在所述第一传导类型扩散区上形成。
在本发明的另一方面中,提供有一种制造CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管的方法,包括:提供第一传导类型半导体基片;在光电二极管区中的所述半导体基片上形成第二传导类型扩散区;在所述光电二极管区中的第二传导类型扩散区上形成第一传导类型杂质包含区;以及通过将该第一传导类型杂质包含区内的杂质扩散到该第二传导类型扩散区中而形成第一传导类型扩散区。
应理解,以上总体说明和以下详细说明均为示范性和解释性的,且意在提供如权利要求的本发明的进一步的解释。
附图说明
所包括的以便提供对本发明的进一步理解的附图被引入并构成本说明书的一部分、说明本发明的实施例并且与所述描述一起用于解释本发明的原理。在附图中:
图1是根据现有相关技术的CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管的横截面视图;以及
图2是根据本发明的CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管的横截面视图。
具体实施方式
参考现在将详细进行到本发明的示范性实施例,其实例在附图中说明。在可能的无论何处,相似的参考标记将贯穿附图使用以引用同一或相似部分。
图2说明根据本发明的CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管。如图2所示,限定了光电二极管区220和浮动扩散区221。在高浓度P-型基片210上生长了低浓度P-型外延层211。通过在外延层211中形成沟槽并以绝缘层填充该沟槽而形成用于隔离元件的浅沟槽隔离区218。浮动扩散区221是在转移晶体管的栅电极214和重置晶体管的栅电极215之间的区。
在外延层211上形成栅绝缘层216。在栅绝缘层216上形成转移晶体管的栅电极214和重置晶体管的栅电极215。在光电二极管区220中的外延层211中形成低浓度N-型扩散区213。在转移晶体管的栅电极214和重置晶体管的栅电极215之间以及在重置晶体管的栅电极215的两侧的外延层211中形成高浓度N-型扩散区217。
可在外延层211上层压包含P-型杂质硼的硼硅酸盐玻璃(boron silicateglass)(BSG)层231。该BSG层231可以光刻胶覆盖,所述光刻胶被曝光并显影以在光电二极管区220中形成光刻胶图案(未示出)。利用该光刻胶图案作为掩模以选择地蚀刻所述BSG层231,使得BSG层231保留在光电二极管区220中,从而形成BSG层图案231。去除所述光刻胶图案后,包含在BSG层图案231中的硼通过加热工艺扩散到外延层211中以形成P-型扩散区219。该P-型扩散区219的结深度约为0.1-0.2μm。
根据本发明,因为在N-型扩散区上形成的P-型扩散区通过使用杂质包含层而不是离子注入的扩散方法而形成,可实现降低的且小的结深度。因而,可在图像传感器中有效地获得具有相对短波长的蓝光的光电效应。从而,可通过蓝色调改善图像再现能力。
对于本领域的技术人员将显而易见的是,可在本发明中进行各种修改和变化而不离开本发明的精神和范围。因而,这意味着倘若对本发明的修改和变化在所附权利要求及其等价物的范围内,本发明应覆盖所述修改和变化。

Claims (9)

1.一种CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管,包括:
第一传导类型半导体基片;
第二传导类型扩散区,在光电二极管区中的所述半导体基片上形成;
第一传导类型扩散区,在所述光电二极管区中的第二传导类型扩散区上形成;以及
第一传导类型杂质包含层,在所述第一传导类型扩散区上形成。
2.根据权利要求1的光电二极管,其中所述第一传导类型杂质包含层是硼硅酸盐玻璃层。
3.根据权利要求1的光电二极管,其中所述第一传导类型扩散区是P-型区。
4.根据权利要求1的光电二极管,其中所述第一传导类型扩散区具有约0.1-0.2μm的结深度。
5.一种制造CMOS图像传感器中的光电二极管的方法,包括:
提供第一传导类型半导体基片;
在光电二极管区中的所述半导体基片上形成第二传导类型扩散区;
在所述光电二极管区中的第二传导类型扩散区上形成第一传导类型杂质包含区;以及
通过将所述第一传导类型杂质包含区中的杂质扩散到所述第二传导类型扩散中而形成第一传导类型扩散区。
6.根据权利要求5的方法,其中所述第一传导类型扩散区的形成包括:
在所述半导体基片上形成第一传导类型杂质包含层;
选择地蚀刻所述第一传导类型杂质包含层,使得该第一传导类型杂质包含层保留在所述光电二极管区中;以及
热扩散所述第一传导类型杂质包含层的杂质以形成所述第一传导类型扩散区。
7.根据权利要求5的方法,其中所述第一传导类型杂质包含区是硼硅酸盐玻璃区。
8.根据权利要求5的方法,其中所述第一传导类型扩散区是P-型区。
9.根据权利要求5的方法,其中所述第一传导类型扩散区具有约0.1-0.2μm的结深度。
CNB2005101320370A 2004-12-30 2005-12-16 Cmos图像传感器中的光电二极管的制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100546053C (zh)

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CN104517976A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-15 中芯国际集成电路制造(北京)有限公司 Cmos图像传感器的像素结构及其形成方法

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KR100769143B1 (ko) * 2006-11-29 2007-10-22 동부일렉트로닉스 주식회사 이미지 센서의 제조 방법

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US6921934B2 (en) * 2003-03-28 2005-07-26 Micron Technology, Inc. Double pinned photodiode for CMOS APS and method of formation

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CN104517976A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-15 中芯国际集成电路制造(北京)有限公司 Cmos图像传感器的像素结构及其形成方法

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