CN1792477A - Technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage - Google Patents
Technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN1792477A CN1792477A CN 200510048223 CN200510048223A CN1792477A CN 1792477 A CN1792477 A CN 1792477A CN 200510048223 CN200510048223 CN 200510048223 CN 200510048223 A CN200510048223 A CN 200510048223A CN 1792477 A CN1792477 A CN 1792477A
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- domestic garbage
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Abstract
A technology for reclaiming life garbage without environmental pollution includes such steps as pre-treating by manual separation and magnetic separation, adding alkaline catalyst, filling saturated steam, thermal decomposing under a certain pressure, magnetic separation, jump separation, airflow separation, floating separation, incinerating, and treating waste gas and sewage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of garbage disposal, be specially a kind of technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage.
Background technology
Along with Chinese economic development, the improving constantly of the expansion of city size and living standards of the people, the amount that house refuse and solid waste produce also increases gradually, and the task of handling house refuse is heavy day by day.Because innoxious and integrated treatment utilization rate rests on very low level, particularly organic matter proportion is bigger in present municipal refuse, and arbitrarily exposed the stacking, be scattered everywhere, land occupation not only, if untimely processing will serious environment pollution, destroy natural landscape, directly threaten the human existence space.General garbage disposal except landfill, utilizes technology such as fermented manure or burning to carry out harmless treatment besides.Comprise mainly that in existing innoxious process for treating house garbage screening is pulverized, slaking, pressed compact, steps such as burning or fermentation process.Great changes have taken place in present component of refuse, and organic matter increases, and combustible increases, and the material of recyclable utilization increases, thereby but the value of rubbish are increased.But existing technology is generally all more extensive, and is particularly undesirable in effect to the meticulous sorting of rubbish and on to the comprehensive utilization of sorting thing.In existing technology, general only the utilization manually or the simple preliminary sorting of magnetic roller process, just send to burning, and in incinerator, because non-flammable material is more in the rubbish, not only volume has taken big quantity space greatly, and burning is very insufficient, many utilizable materials also can't utilize behind high temperature incineration again in the rubbish, can only be as offal treatment.In the stacking storage process of rubbish, also can produce a large amount of harmful sepages, if untimely processing also can pollute environment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is not thorough in order to solve the sorting consumer waste that exists in the prior art, can't fundamentally solve refuse pollution and provide a kind of technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage to its comprehensive problem of utilizing again.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage may further comprise the steps:
1, pre-treatment comprises and adopts artificial separation and magnetic roller sorting technology.With the material of diameter greater than the bulk of 200mm, battery and metal species article are removed.
2, thermal degradation adds base catalyst with the rubbish after the preliminary go-no-go, and delivers in the thermal degradation jar, saturated steam is passed into the 180-190 degree of heating in the jar again, and pressurization 0.9-1KPa also kept 60-100 minute.Finish digestion degraded to rubbish, sterilization, deodorizing is dewatered, and the moisture content in the jar is discharged.When the pressure in the jar was reduced to 0.4MPa, material can be discharged with gas, and whole clearing up finished back rubbish smaller volume.
3, oven dry, three level screen, the aperture of three grades of used sieves reduces according to this, and screenings can be collected as nutrition soil and utilize, and oversize is combustible and inorganic refuse,
4, the sorting again of the oversize of above-mentioned steps:
(1) magnetic roller sorting.Purpose is some remaining metal species materials to be picked out again.
(2) spring sorting.Purpose is to sub-elect heavier solid matters such as masonry glass.
(3) pneumatic separation.Purpose is that combustible is separated fully with heavy substance, improves the stable Incineration performance of combustible.
(4) the floating examination sorting of water.Can be with the light materials in the rubbish, sort out and utilize again after flushing purifies as plastics, wood chip etc., to increase economic efficiency through water.
5, burn, will screen and deliver to the boiler room burning after the remaining rubbish in back is dried.And temperature is at 800～1500 degree in the control stove hall, and the heat heating boiler that burns generation produces steam and guides in the step 2 again, uses for thermal degradation.The residue that burns the back generation is about 5%, can do sanitary landfills and handle.
6, waste gas absorbs and handles, and will store up the pond at rubbish, and between clearing up, between discharge, the waste gas that produces between sorting is guided to combustion oxidation in the incinerator, and last tail gas discharges behind cloth bag, water film dedusting.Can reach more than 98% through total clearance behind cloth bag, the moisture film two-stage dust removal, cause smoke stack emission through air-introduced machine again, and the dust concentration and the rate of discharge of discharging can be up to state standards all.
7, wastewater treatment is stored up the leachate collecting in the pond with rubbish and is delivered in the thermal degradation jar, clears up with rubbish heat.Ooze drop liquid in the blowdown storehouse, thermal degradation reaction and burn the wastewater collection reuse after biochemical treatment that produces in the dedusting does not efflux, and does not produce secondary pollution.
Relatively with existing garbage treating process, the present invention has adopted and rubbish is carried out heat has cleared up the multiple sorting technology of handling and adopting in the process of sorting the recycling material of the overwhelming majority is reclaimed, so configurable have a resource reutilization system, a last compound organic and inorganic fertilizer production line, with the nutrition soil that screens in addition the batching of science make compound fertilizer; A last pavior brick production line will be processed as pavior brick after the object fragmentations such as the brick that sorts out, stone; With the waste metal object recycling that screens; The heat energy that the boiler burning produces can be used as steam supply, supplying heat source or generates electricity; The combustible granulation deep processing of selecting behind the pneumatic separation can be used as New-type fuel; Through the materials such as wood chip that moisture choosing back produces, a last sheet material production line.Because the employing of above-mentioned reprocessing system can greatly improve the economic benefit that rubbish utilizes again, also has good social benefit.Whole technology is serialization, clean, the production of closure streamline, from the rubbish pre-treatment to thermal degradation reaction, sifting sort, burn resource reutilization, adopt pneumatic separation, wet concentration sorting, the reciprocating type promotion fire grate of thermal degradation tandem arrangement, big capacity incinerator, concentrated brickmaking, make fertilizer, burned heat supply and combustible granulation deep processing in one, realized garbage disposal utilization rate 100%, overall process is controlled automatically, tail gas, pollutant control has all had distinct characteristic.The present invention is fit to China's actual conditions, makes waste resources obtain fully again utilizing, and has realized innoxious, minimizing, resource, the rapid processing of rubbish.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, realized the rapid processing of rubbish, the thermal degradation processing procedure only needs about 90 minutes,
2, minimizing, innoxiously once finish: rubbish can be finished 100% sterilization, deodorizing after heat drop is handled, can once reduce volume about 2/3, has significantly reduced to take up room.
3, resource utilization height adopts multiple sorting technology, has improved the efficiency of separation and effect, and resource utilization can reach more than 90%.
4, technological process forms serialization, automation control, and all sealing is produced, and has avoided dusty gas to leak.
5, clean production, the gas that production process produces, liquid and waste residue be qualified discharge all, ordorless generation, non-secondary pollution.
6, small investment is taken up an area of and is lacked, and operating cost is low, the efficiency of utilization height, and the heat that produces when the combustiblerefuse after the sorting burns is supplied with heat will separate use, and residue can also be done heating and originate.Specific targets are as follows:
Ten thousand yuan of ton treatment scale construction investment 10-30, ton treatment scale land used 0.3-0.5 mu, 25-50 square metre of ton treatment scale construction area, ton processing cost 30-70 unit, ton waste resources utilization rate 80-90%, construction period 8-18 month.
Compare with relevant national standard
The specific embodiment
A kind of technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage may further comprise the steps:
1, pre-treatment comprises and adopts artificial separation and magnetic roller sorting technology.With the material of diameter greater than the bulk of 200mm, battery and metal species article are removed.
The house refuse of collecting is passed through an apron conveyer, carry on rubbish to two belt feeder.The belt feeder front portion is people's work point constituency, and the roller letter that its head is installed is a tramp iron separator, and tramp iron separator is made up of stainless steel and permanent magnet.Artificial separation mainly is with building waste bigger in the rubbish such as brick, bigger discarded object, and various bottle five equilibriums subtract out; Tramp iron separator can sort out the broken steel in the rubbish, scrap iron, refuse battery etc.
2, thermal degradation adds base catalyst with the rubbish after the preliminary go-no-go, as quick lime, and deliver in the thermal degradation jar, saturated steam is passed into 180～190 degree of heating in the jar, pressurization 0.9～1KPa also kept certain hour 60～100 minutes again, and with about 90 minutes for well.Finish digestion degraded to rubbish, sterilization, deodorizing is dewatered, and the moisture content in the jar is discharged.When the pressure in the jar was reduced to 0.4MPa, material can be discharged with gas.
The rubbish of above-mentioned preliminary letter sorting is transported to mobile batcher by No. three belt feeders, by mobile batcher rubbish is installed to respectively in three counteracting tanks, pack into and seal behind the certain volume, ratio in 1-5 kilogram/ton adds quick lime, and feeding saturated vapor, make a jar internal pressure reach 0.9MPa, temperature reaches 180 degree, and keeps 90 minutes.
This step can digest degraded to rubbish, sterilization, and deodorizing, dehydration is because the volume of organic matter dissolving can also reducing rubbish.Clearing up the big quantity of fluid that produces in the rubbish process will in time discharge before discharging.
3, oven dry, three level screen, the aperture of three grades of used sieves reduces according to this, and screenings can be collected as nutrition soil and utilize, and oversize is combustible and inorganic refuse, and three level screen mainly is by sorting rubbish to be divided into incinerated matter, nutrition soil and landfill material.
This step comprises on No. two apron conveyers, dryer belt machine, three screening machines, the sieve, sieve belt feeder down, equipment of conveyer, spring belt feeder, spring separator.
1, No. 2 screening machines are drum sieve, and bore dia is 45mm, and No. two sieve diameters are 25mm, and No. three sieve is reciprocating sieve, and two-layer about being divided into, the minimum-value aperture is 8mm, adorns the vibrator of two 2.2KW on the sieve nest, and the exciting force of vibrator is adjustable.
Start No. two apron conveyer, No. four belt feeders, the belt feeder leading portion is equipped with the steam drying device, rubbish is entered screening machine by carrying No. 1 after the oven dry, bigger oversize is delivered to equipment of conveyer, the less screenings of volume enters screening machine No. 2, rubbish screens through No. 2 screening machines, bigger oversize is delivered to equipment of conveyer, the less screenings of volume enters screening machine No. 3, through No. 3 screening machine screenings, oversize is delivered to equipment of conveyer to rubbish again, and screenings enters nutrition soil or fertilizer job shop.
4, the sorting again of the oversize of above-mentioned steps:
(1) magnetic roller sorting.Purpose is some remaining metal species materials to be picked out again.
(2) spring sorting.Purpose is to sub-elect heavier solid matters such as masonry glass.The spring sorting machine is existing plant equipment commonly used.
(3) pneumatic separation.Purpose is that combustible is separated fully with heavy substance, improves the stable Incineration performance of combustible.
(4) the floating examination sorting of water.Light materials in the rubbish as plastics, can be utilized after flushing purifies through water, to increase economic efficiency again.
1, the oversize selected of 2, No. 3 sifted is transported to the spring belt feeder through equipment of conveyer, after rubbish passes through the spring belt feeder, part brick wherein, stone etc. drop in the dolly below the belt feeder, all the other mostly enter into the spring separator, the spring separator is made up of rubber roll, reductor, cutting plate and hopper, material drops on the rubber roll of spring in the separator harder object is separated with combustible material, and solid waste can be used as building materials raw material or landfill after separating.Pneumatic separation can adopt common plant equipment, also can adopt airflow separator, its basic structure comprises the supplied materials belt conveyor, the feeding end below of supplied materials belt conveyor is provided with the wind regime generation device, the air outlet of wind regime generation device is relative with the air inlet of the isolation ward that its place ahead is provided with, and is respectively equipped with the horizontal belt conveyor and the longitudinal belt conveyer of break-through isolation ward in the isolation ward.Mainly be to utilize the wind-force material that proportion is different separately.
The floating examination sorting of water can be adopted the floating examination separator of water, its basic structure comprises two ponds, supplied materials belt feeder, removes to expect belt feeder, the feeding end of supplied materials belt feeder links to each other with the suitable belt feeder that falls that is arranged between the pond, be provided with between the pond and pass through circulating water pipe, the water pump priming reservoir that short tube interconnects with it, the top, pond is provided with housiung separator, and being provided with on housiung separator can be along its mobile clamping machine that moves.Mainly be to utilize the buoyancy of water material that proportion is different separately.
After combustible material after the separation passes through pneumatic separation and the floating examination sorting of water again, basically complete remaining flammable organic matter, pneumatic separation also can adopt air blast to handle, and the floating examination sorting of water is to distinguish various objects by buoyancy of water, a pond is set also can realizes.
5, burn, will screen and deliver to the boiler room burning after the remaining rubbish in back is dried.And temperature is burned the heat heating boiler generation steam that produces and is guided in the step 2 again at 850～1500 degree in the control burner hearth, uses for thermal degradation.The residue that burns the back generation is about 5%, can do sanitary landfills and handle.
The above-mentioned combustible material of separating is sent into incinerator by belt feeder, and incinerator generally can use domestic waste incineration.Burn the steam that produces and deliver to the degraded jar respectively, utilize again in steam seasoning device and the heating system through sub-cylinder.The steam pressure that burns generation is between 1-1.2MPa.
In burning process, in order to eliminate the pollution of dioxin to air, incinerator is furnished with oil burner, and oil burner timing oil spout in secondary chamber is combustion-supporting, and purpose is to improve ignition temperature to decompose the elimination dioxin.
6, waste gas absorbs and handles, and will store up the pond at rubbish, and between clearing up, discharge asks that the waste gas that produces between sorting is guided to combustion oxidation in the incinerator.Last tail gas discharges behind the cloth bag water film dedusting.Can reach more than 98% through total clearance behind cloth bag, the moisture film two-stage dust removal, cause smoke stack emission through air-introduced machine again, and the dust concentration and the rate of discharge of discharging can be up to state standards all.
7, wastewater treatment is stored up the leachate collecting in the pond with rubbish and is delivered in the thermal degradation jar, clears up with rubbish heat.Ooze drop liquid in the blowdown storehouse, thermal degradation reaction and burn the wastewater collection reuse after biochemical treatment that produces in the dedusting.The blowdown storehouse is to a middle warehousing and transportation facilities of screening process in thermal degradation.
8, resource reutilization system comprises the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer production line, pavior brick production line, waste metal object recycling production line, panel production line, boiler heat induction system.
Adopt control automatically, totally-enclosedization production in whole process of production.Various motors in the production process, the integrated automatic control of instrument, the configuration closed-circuit TV monitoring system is monitored whole process.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage may further comprise the steps:
One, pre-treatment comprises and adopts artificial separation and magnetic roller sorting technology; Two, burn, it is characterized in that: after the sorting rubbish is carried out following processing:
1., thermal degradation, the rubbish after the go-no-go is added base catalyst, and delivers in the thermal degradation jar, saturated steam is passed into is warmed to 180～190 degree in the jar again, pressurization 0.9～1MPa also kept 60-100 minute;
2., the oven dry, comprising: three level screen, the aperture of the sieve that three level screen is used reduces according to this,
3., sorting, the sorting again of the oversize of above-mentioned steps: comprising: the sorting of (1) magnetic roller; (2) spring sorting; (3) pneumatic separation; (4) the floating examination sorting of water.
2, technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: deliver to the boiler room after the remaining rubbish oven dry in screening back and burn, and in the control burner hearth temperature at 850～1500 degree, the heat heating boiler that burn to produce produce steam guide to again step 1. in.
3, technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the waste gas that uses in the rubbish accumulating processing procedure absorbs treatment technology, comprise and to store up the pond at rubbish, between clearing up, between discharge, the waste gas that produces between sorting is guided to combustion oxidation in the incinerator, and last tail gas discharges behind the cloth bag water film dedusting.
4, as claim 1 or 3 described technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage, it is characterized in that: the wastewater processing technology that produces to storage rubbish the time is, rubbish is stored up the leachate collecting in the pond and deliver in the thermal degradation jar, clear up with rubbish heat, the wastewater collection that oozing in the blowdown storehouse produces in drop liquid and thermal degradation reaction and the burning dedusting is through reuse after the biochemical treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510048223 CN1792477A (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510048223 CN1792477A (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage |
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| CN1792477A true CN1792477A (en) | 2006-06-28 |
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| CN 200510048223 Pending CN1792477A (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Technology for harmless disposal of domestic garbage |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101069871B (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2010-06-23 | 深圳德润环保投资有限公司 | City life-garbage automatic sorting system and apparatus of becoming garbage into resource and harmless |
| CN101856663A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-10-13 | 曾庆汛 | System and method for comprehensively disposing domestic garbage |
| CN102107207A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-06-29 | 黄市承 | Method and system for extracting resource material from domestic waste |
| CN103128095A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2013-06-05 | 河北路坤电动车辆有限公司 | Garbage disposal device |
| CN104633668A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-05-20 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Waste incineration pre-treatment technological method for alpine underdeveloped areas |
| CN105665410A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-15 | 北京铮实环保工程有限公司 | Household garbage fine separation and complete recycling comprehensive treatment process |
-
2005
- 2005-12-19 CN CN 200510048223 patent/CN1792477A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101069871B (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2010-06-23 | 深圳德润环保投资有限公司 | City life-garbage automatic sorting system and apparatus of becoming garbage into resource and harmless |
| CN102107207A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-06-29 | 黄市承 | Method and system for extracting resource material from domestic waste |
| CN102107207B (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2013-07-24 | 黄市承 | Method and system for extracting resource material from domestic waste |
| CN101856663A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-10-13 | 曾庆汛 | System and method for comprehensively disposing domestic garbage |
| CN101856663B (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2013-02-20 | 曾庆汛 | System and method for comprehensively disposing domestic garbage |
| CN103128095A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2013-06-05 | 河北路坤电动车辆有限公司 | Garbage disposal device |
| CN104633668A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-05-20 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Waste incineration pre-treatment technological method for alpine underdeveloped areas |
| CN104633668B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-01-11 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Waste incineration pre-treatment technological method for alpine underdeveloped areas |
| CN105665410A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-15 | 北京铮实环保工程有限公司 | Household garbage fine separation and complete recycling comprehensive treatment process |
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