CN1791492A - Manufacture method of super-hard grinding tool containing metallic or ceramic binder - Google Patents
Manufacture method of super-hard grinding tool containing metallic or ceramic binder Download PDFInfo
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- CN1791492A CN1791492A CN200480013278.7A CN200480013278A CN1791492A CN 1791492 A CN1791492 A CN 1791492A CN 200480013278 A CN200480013278 A CN 200480013278A CN 1791492 A CN1791492 A CN 1791492A
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- green compact
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- abrasive tool
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 pyrophillite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MGRWKWACZDFZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum tungsten Chemical compound [Mo].[W] MGRWKWACZDFZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011797 cavity material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 4
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010275 isothermal forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYEHYMARPSSOBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aurin Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 FYEHYMARPSSOBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000908384 Bos taurus Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001060848 Carapidae Species 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 101150001999 ITPA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYKJEJVAXSGWAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N compactone Natural products CC1(C)CCCC2(C)C1CC(=O)C3(O)CC(C)(CCC23)C=C LYKJEJVAXSGWAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacture method of super-hard grinding tool containing metallic or ceramic binder, comprising following steps: material preparation, preparation of grinding tool green bodies, formation of the combination of the grinding tool green bodies and medium and its heating and pressing, machining of grinding tool green bodies, namely: firstly preparing for the working layer powder material, then chill-pressing to produce the green bodies or loosing to producing the green bodies, combining into a combination of green body-medium, rapidly heating and pressing the combination, at last further processing the grinding tool green bodies. The manufacture method can ensure an uniform pressure to the blank from the all directions and saves the dies and saves the money and energy source.
Description
The manufacture method of metal or ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool
Technical field
The present invention relates to instrument manufacture field, it is particularly a kind of with metal or ceramics for bonding agent super-hard abrasive tool, manufacture method.Background technology
At present, super-hard abrasive tool manufacture uses isothermal forging method mostly, its principle is to load raw material powder after isothermal mould, mould and powder send into heating furnace heating and thermal insulation in the lump, finally come out of the stove forging, because in whole forging process, mould is identical with workpiece temperature and obtains entitled isothermal forging, its basic process includes：It is die-filling -- the forging one of the heating of precompressed one one cools down a mould one and is processed further.Many decades have been developed in the world for isothermal forging process, but still have several hang-ups to annoying numerous grinding tool manufacturers：
One is mould problem：（1) die cost is high, processes extremely difficult.Foreign-made business uses the expensive senior high temperature alloy of value for material manufacture isothermal mould, and price is about 9- 100,000 dollars one ton, causes high die cost, and the extremely difficult processing of this material；Domestic manufacturers are frequently with the mold materials of inferior grade, and die life can only achieve even once or twice, and to be specially equipped with a diemaking shop and manufacture mould incessantly several times, the expense of mould is so exponentially improved on the contrary；（2) the numerous occupation of capital amounts of number of molds are big.One labor and materials of isothermal forging requirement are with one set of die and follow whole technological process, how many workpiece of this each production batch because of, how many mold must be just configured, so that mould outfit is large number of, the fund that mould takes when production batch is larger can exceed fixed assets, cause the huge occupation of capital；（3) stability of mould and die accuracy is poor, causes the quality stability of product poor：Because operating mode is severe, even if cannot guarantee that the stability of mold cavity dimensional accuracy using advanced material, and the dimensional accuracy of mold cavity directly affects the consistency of product, and the consistency of product directly affects the inherent quality of product.
Secondly the own characteristic of this technique determines that it can not use automatic producing technology, it is necessary to which, by substantial amounts of handwork, single-piece production, to making labor productivity low, product quality human factor is more,
It is difficult to control, manufacturing cost is high.
Thirdly this process energy consumption is big, the tight weights of energy waste.Under normal circumstances, the mold weight of this technique is 10 times of the 5- of workpiece weight, and mould need to be heated simultaneously with workpiece, and such heat energy has 80-90% to be consumed by mould, causes energy waste serious.
The fourth is thering is mould unidirectionally to pressurize, so the density of carcass is easily uneven in different directions.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of production cost is low, less energy consumption, labor productivity are high and the excellent metal of product properties or ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool manufacture method.
For above-mentioned purpose, the manufacture method of metal or ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool of the present invention comprises the following steps：Raw material preparation, the preparation of green abrasive tool, the formation of green abrasive tool-medium heat assembly and its pressurization, the machining of tool body, are now described below：
1. raw material preparation
The raw material composition of metal or ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool of the present invention includes super hard abrasive, metal powder material or ceramic powder, and its proportioning components presses super-hard abrasive tool convenient source composition proportion.
Described super hard abrasive is diamond or cubic boron nitride.
Described metal powder material be copper-based, iron-based, Ni-based, cobalt-based, aluminium base, tungsten-molybdenum base, carbide original washing powder material in it is any or any two or any two more than mixture.
Described ceramic powder be any of oxide, boride, carbide, nitride or any two or any two more than mixture.
2. the preparation of green abrasive tool
Obtained working lining powder material will be well mixed in batch mixer with the super hard abrasive got ready and metal powder material or ceramic powder, and be combined with rigid matrix or matrix powder, then green abrasive tool is made.The specific manufacture method of green abrasive tool has the following two kinds：
' a. cold compaction green compact methods：
The mould of dimension is selected by product, load in the mould for scribble releasing agent after matrix powder or rigid matrix and working lining powder material, plus pressure head, it is placed on forcing press, and Quick-pressing mould, matrix powder or rigid matrix and working lining powder material is stripped after being molded, green abrasive tool is made, it is such as attached
Shown in Fig. 2, accompanying drawing 2 provides a kind of assembling schematic diagram of mould.Lower platen 6, rigid matrix 2, top board 8 are assembled by bolt 5 when using, pressure ring 4 is loaded after loading in overcoat 3, working lining powder material 1 is loaded into mold cavity, pressure ring 7 is loaded onto, moves on press and is cold-pressed into grinding tool life.Using compacting.When pressure transmission Jie's shield from high fluidity, the obtained green abrasive tool need to coat protective coating or add jacket.Pressure applied scope is 200-1500 MPas, 0. 01 ~ 300 minutes dwell times on press.Forcing press is from the industrial forcing press generally used, as long as its pressure can reach the requirement of above-mentioned pressure limit.Used mould is identical with mould used in common process.
B. pine fills green compact method：
Corresponding carbon steel, heat resisting steel, glass or ceramic jacket, and the coating release agent in die cavity are selected by product, matrix powder and working lining powder material are loaded in jacket, jacket is vacuumized immediately, rear enclosed jacket is vacuumized, produces green abrasive tool.Jacket has the shape and size of various different grinding tool profiles, and it is made up of plastic material；The cavity shape and size of described jacket should match with the profile and size for the grinding tool processed.
Vacuum after vacuumizing is in IPa-Sxl iTPa scopes.
3. the formation and its pressurization of green abrasive tool-hot assembly of Jie's shield
The formation and its pressurization of the combination of media of green compact one include following three kinds of methods：
1. first combine and heat repressurization afterwards
A, prepared green abrasive tool is placed in be situated between equipped with pressure transmission ' in the spacer of matter, be combined into green compact-combination of media； '
B, green compact-Jie's shield assembly is put into heating furnace plus λ, 200 ~ 1300 °C of heating-up temperature, after the consolidation temperature for reaching powder material, is incubated 0. 01-60 hours；Obtain green compact-medium heat assembly；
C, the green compact after heating-medium heat assembly taken out out of heating furnace, be put into the mould on forcing press, and Quick-pressing, pressure limit is the GPa of IMPa- 10;Pressurize 0. 01-300 minutes.
2. first heat and combine repressurization afterwards
A. prepared green abrasive tool is coated into protective coating or adds jacket, be put into heating furnace and be heated to 200 ~ 1300 °C of temperature, be incubated 0. 01 ~ 60 hours；Transmission medium is placed in container in addition, is also heated to 200 ~ 1300 °C of temperature, is incubated 0. 01-120 hours；
B. the green compact after heating and combination of media are inserted into pressurization in forcing press tank shape mould, pressure limit is the GPa of IMPa- 10 into after green compact-medium heat assembly;0. 01 ~ 300 minutes dwell times；
3. repressurization is combined in tank shape mould after mouth heating
A. by prepared green abrasive tool, it is put into heating furnace and is heated to200 ~ 1300 °C of temperature, is incubated 0. 01 ~ 60 hours；Transmission medium is placed in container in addition, 200 ~ 1300 °C of temperature are heated to, 0. 01 ~ 120 hours are incubated;
B. then the transmission medium after above-mentioned heating is fallen in the tank shape mould on forcing press; by the coating protective coating after heating or the green abrasive tool of jacket is added to be placed in the mass transfer in the forcing press tank shape mould again; and pressurize, pressure limit is lMPa-10 GPa;0. 01 ~ 300 minutes dwell times, or medium repressurization is poured into after first green compact are inserted in mould.
Depending on above-mentioned specific heating-up temperature, soaking time and dwell time are according to the species and specification and the species of medium of grinding tool product.
4. the machining of tool body
Taken out heating with the combination of media of green abrasive tool one after pressurization from forcing press, be cooled to room temperature, decompose under external force, tool body is separated from assembly, tool body is then entered into machining processes, abrasive article is finally made.
Above-mentioned pressure transmission Jie shield is situated between in spherical particle;Selected in matter or fluidised form medium.Wherein spherical particle medium can be spherical haydite or steel sand etc.；Fluidised form medium is any in ductile metal, ductile metal alloy, pyrophillite, talcum, amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials or fused salt.Above-mentioned ductile metal is any in copper, iron, nickel or copper alloy, ferroalloy, nickel alloy；Above-mentioned amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials are B203、 PbO、 Na20、 K20、 ΖηΟ、 Si02Any of or any two or two or more mixtures；Above-mentioned fused salt be NaCl, KC1, Ba salt or NaNO it is any or any two and any two more than mixing.
Generally, granule medium is used for various burn（Gu）The grinding tool of junction temperature.Fluidised form Jie shield is used for its softening or fusion temperature and the burning of grinding tool（Gu）Junction temperature is consistent or less than the burning of grinding tool（Gu）The occasion of junction temperature.Transmission medium, can be using internal layer as fluidised form medium when considering the extension hot press operation permission time in being applied in combination, and outer layer is granule medium；Can be that internal layer is granule medium, outer layer is fluidised form Jie's shield when considering to improve machining accuracy；In addition, be the extension operation permission time, reduction green compact are required, while ensure precision, and can be using internal layer as granule medium, middle level is fluidised form medium, and outer layer is granule medium.
How to determine to select which kind of medium relevant with species, the precision of finished product of used working lining powder material, but must assure that selected medium has well each to pressure transmission characteristic under the consolidation temperature needed for powder material, soaking time and technological parameter.Spherical haydite is preferentially selected when pressure is low, precision is low.The present invention is higher from the heat endurance of medium, therefore the diffusion at a sintering temperature with green compact is very small, is unlikely to influence shield amount.The higher green material such as indivedual activity, can be using unresponsive Jie's shield therewith, or uses the coating of low diffusion, jacket to solve.
Spacer in assembly is the container for the available closed with covers or uncovered being made up of carbon steel or heat-resisting steel sheet, for containing transmission medium and green abrasive tool.
Table 1 lists the characteristic and choosing conditions of various pressure transmission Jie shields.
The dielectric property of table 1 and select table
Jie's applicable elements
Matter
Plant the cold base density of ripe base precision sintering temperature moulding pressure pressurized operation velocity interval and class.C MPa jackets minimum 0-1200.C is minimum, and most wide most indulge to horizontal receives low because temperature does not influence biography to differ very sintering temperature to the cold pressing close ball contracting coefficient of base suitable for the theory calls of all grinding tools.400 ' C press characteristic in 400 MPa, therefore permissibility requires low, and shape is big, generally longitudinally it is following can using steel typically should less than the long period pressurization behaviour can ineffective mouth bag shrink, laterally it is swollen less, haydite；Otherwise 00 °C of 200 MPa make.Hot pressing can allow have set.
Grain is swollen, more than faceted portions, and can use should use S i3N4During the pressurization of 15 minutes
Sphering.Applied to A1203Or S i3N4Deng haydite.Between.
Precision and surface crude pottery grain.
The relatively low work of rugosity
Part.
Low mild steel>900 °C are more than more wide prolong of 200MPa and resist because it is deformed<1200'C, copper alloy is higher because metal possesses can be directly larger with ductility power, ripe base>600°C <850 °CoSpecific heat capacity, therefore drop property metal aurin degree itself is relatively low, and watch temperature is slow, it is allowed to which longer soldering and sealing belongs to surface roughness compared with pressing time into bag.Set.
It is good.
Leaf is medium>850°C <1500 °C be more than the narrow sintering temperatures of 50MPa it is super it is cured due to sintering temperature due to its specific heat capacity crosses 1000 °C very much when stone under, its mobility is small, and its pressure transmission spy's cold pressing base is close preferable, therefore adaptive should be greater than sliding conjunction medium accuracy work sense to temperature very sensitivity, therefore it is required that quick 80%, or using the manufacture of stone part.Operation.Gas-tight property jacket.
The wide narrow high fluidity of not high, which is situated between, to be said
3 say because it is very low because such a medium ratio caloic need to be held using constituent contents such as wider models at a temperature of air water by adjusting PbO and 0-5GPa in sintering, therefore cool closing property jacket, without enclosing, internal mobility 4 is blunt to can obtain different softenings comparatively fast, and its flow also can pre-sintered machine it is good, therefore ripe base point and mobility non-property to the more quick sealing of hole of temperature.
Non- every equal crystalline state medium of contraction, is allowed to feel, therefore require faster
Jin Yun, precision is very high, in 300 °C of -1500 °C of service speeds, φ 200mm
Category roughness also it is blunt possess suitable pressure transmission workpiece pressure process should be
' material is good.Characteristic completes to add in 5 minutes
Material pressure.
Highest is wide extremely narrow to require that highest is molten due to circulating completely from different biochemical because mobility is cold-pressed with temperature requirement into 0-5GPa, with the salt preferably divided, change can be obtained acutely, or even hair base is via the mobility of pre-burning salt, because of 300.(TC melts raw solidification and loses flowing knot sealing of hole C -150, or this can obtain most better medium.Property, therefore it is required that be exceedingly fast precision and the service speed on surface using gas-tight property, Φ jackets.
Roughness.200mm workpiece use molten
Point medium should be in half a minute
Interior complete pressurization.
Compared with prior art, metal or ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool manufacture method of the present invention has the following advantages that：
(1) this method is taken out after green compact generation out of mould, is followed in technical process after this without mould, therefore greatly reduces the occupancy of mould, reduces production cost, has saved fund.
(2) this technique separates the shaping of material with densification process, cold pressing or pine dress up type at room temperature, then high temperature transmission medium is recycled to carry out hot densification, change has mould to be unidirectionally pressurised into the comprehensive liquid static pressure of no mould, base substrate is uniform in the compression of all directions, the carcass even density of tool is consistent, whole technological process is easily achieved automated production simultaneously, composition one is without mould liquid static pressure production line, and its production efficiency can reach over 100 times of the 50- of a set of old production line.
(3) this method is taken out after green compact generation out of mould, the size for being pressed into defined after assembly by forcing press in hot-die is constituted with medium, no longer influenceed by dies cavity change in size, therefore improve the dimensional accuracy and inherent shield amount of grinding tool.
(4) this method is not heated due to mould together with green compact, therefore the consumption without mould to heat, and the thermal losses of medium is very low, therefore reduces energy consumption, has saved the energy.
(5) green abrasive tool and combination of media formation and its add during, high pressure low temperature technique can be used, pressure is bigger, heating-up temperature needed for corresponding is lower, the wearability and sharpness of favourable holding super-hard abrasive tool, because when heating-up temperature is high, super hard abrasive diamond is then damaged, temperature is higher, and damage is more serious, and the competency decline of super hard abrasive is more, promotes the wearability and sharpness of grinding tool also to decline.
(6) 3. method is planted using the in the formation and its heating of green abrasive tool and Jie's shield assembly, i.e., repressurization is first combined in tank shape mould after heating, ^ can save spacer, be advantageously implemented the production automation.
In conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention will be further described.Brief description of the drawings,
Fig. 1 is the green abrasive tool composite unit structure schematic diagram of Jie's shield one；
Fig. 2 is a kind of mould assembly structure diagram for the cold compaction green compact method that rigid matrix and powder are combined.Embodiment
19 batches of metals or ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool are prepared according to the specific steps of manufacture method of the present invention, is first described below：
Embodiment 1
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）：20% bronze medal, 70% iron, 5% tin, 3% Cobalt, 2% graphite.Above-mentioned working lining powder material is well mixed.Assemble mould and in its interior coating release agent, be sequentially loaded into matrix powder and working lining powder material by technique in mould, add pressure head, move to Quick-pressing on press, Stress control is in 350 MPas, pressurize 2 minutes；Mould is moved up down from press, green abrasive tool is produced after the demoulding；The method for heating repressurization afterwards using first combining, using green abrasive tool with being combined into green compact-Jie's shield assembly as the pyrophillite of medium, pyrophillite is distributed on the surrounding of green compact, green compact-combination of media is moved into after 850 °C are heated in heating furnace and 3 hours are incubated；Green compact after heating-combination of media is moved into tank shape mould, pressure head is added, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 500 MPas, pressurize 3 minutes；Green compact-combination of media is taken out out of tank mould, is cooled at room temperature after room temperature and uses hammer, lower road manufacturing procedure is entered after Jie's shield is separated with tool body, abrasive article is processed into.
Embodiment 2
Super hard abrasive chooses cubic boron nitride, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）：50% bronze, 45% iron, 3% tungsten, 2% graphite.The cubic boron nitride and metal powder material of certain particle size are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material, mould and coating release agent is assembled, matrix powder is sequentially loaded into jacket and working lining powder material vacuumizes rear enclosed jacket, green compact are made.Green compact are combined into green compact-combination of media with pyrophillite, pyrophillite is distributed on the surrounding of green compact, and green compact-Jie's shield assembly is moved into heating furnace and is heated to 860.C and be incubated 3 hours after, green compact-combination of media is moved into tank shape mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 500 MPas, and pressurize 20 minutes takes out green compact-combination of media out of tank shape mould, it is cooled at room temperature after room temperature and uses hammer, next procedure is entered after medium is separated with workpiece and is processed.
Embodiment 3
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）：18% tungsten carbide, 5% nickel, 4% manganese, 3% cobalt, 70% bronze medal.Jie's shield selects amorphous state nonmetallic materials, and its component is（Percentage by weight）：5% B203, 15% sodium oxide molybdena and 80% silica, cold pressing pressure be 500 MPas, pressurize
1 hour, hot pressing pressure was 200 MPas, pressurize 25 minutes, and the hot temperature of power is 800 °C, and soaking time is 2 hours, and remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 4
Super hard abrasive chooses cubic boron nitride, and the component of metal powder material is（' percentage by weight）：39% bronze, 40% iron, 10% nickel, 5% cobalt, 4% graphite, 2% chromium.Jie's shield selects amorphous state nonmetallic materials, and its component is（Percentage by weight）： 5% Pb0、 8% B203, 87% * Si02, cold pressing pressure is 700 MPas, and pressurize 0. 1 minutes, hot pressing pressure is 200 MPas, and 5 minutes heating-up temperatures of pressurize are 800 °C, and soaking time is 2 hours, and remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 5
Medium selects spherical haydite, metal powder material is cobalt-based matrix, heating-up temperature be 850 ° (, soaking time be 4 hours, cold pressing pressure be 400 MPas, pressurize 32 minutes, hot pressing pressure is 100 MPas, and green compact-combination of media is cooled to after room temperature by pressurize 70 minutes, the tool body after pressurization is taken out by way of vibration, remaining is same as Example 2.
Embodiment 6
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and Group points of ceramic powder are（Percentage by weight）： 60 1203、
15%S iC、 15%Zr02, 10% boron glass.The diamond of certain particle size and above-mentioned ceramic powder are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material, assemble mould and coating release agent, rigid matrix and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, plus pressure head, Quick-pressing on gill fungus press is moved, Stress control is in 900 MPas, pressurize 5 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, knee moulds to obtain green compact.Green compact make 20' ladles overlay on the surrounding of green compact with being combined into green compact-combination of media as the 20' steel with green compact die cavity of medium, and assembly is moved into heating furnace and is heated to 950.C ' and be incubated 2 hours after, assembly is moved into tank mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 600 MPas, and pressurize 40 minutes takes out assembly out of tank mould, it is cooled at room temperature after room temperature after removing medium through machining and obtains workpiece, into next procedure processing.
Embodiment 7
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of ceramic powder is（Percentage by weight）： 70° 1203, the boron glass of 10%SiC, 15%MgO 5%.The diamond and ceramic powder of certain particle size are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material, mould is assembled, matrix powder and working lining is sequentially loaded into mould
Powder material, adds pressure head, moves to Quick-pressing on press, and Stress control is at 900 MPas, pressurize 7 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, green compact are made in the demoulding.Green compact are synthesized to green compact-combination of media with the copper-Nie He Jin Group with green compact die cavity as Jie's shield, and copper-nickel alloy is distributed on the surrounding of green compact, assembly is moved into heating furnace and is heated to 950.C and be incubated 2 hours after , Jiang Group zoarium move into tank mould in, add pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 700 MPas, pressurize 50 minutes, assembly is taken out out of tank mould, is cooled at room temperature after room temperature, machined removal copper-nickel alloy:Workpiece is obtained, into next procedure processing.
Embodiment 8
Super hard abrasive chooses cubic boron nitride, and the component of ceramic powder is（Percentage by weight）： 75%A1203、 15°/»S i3N4、 10°/.Boron glass.The diamond of certain particle size and above-mentioned ceramic powder are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material, assemble mould, matrix powder and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, plus pressure head, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is in 900 MPas, pressurize 7 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green compact.10% B will be contained203、 15°/oNa20 and 75% S i02Amorphous mixtures as Jie's shield, by green compact and combination of media into green compact-combination of media, and medium is distributed on the surroundings of green compact, assembly moved into heating furnace and be heated to 900.C and be incubated make within 6 hours Jie's shield soften, assembly is moved into tank mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 100 MPas, and pressurize 1. 5 hours takes out assembly out of tank mould, it is cooled to after room temperature and is impacted with hand hammer at room temperature, next procedure is entered after medium is separated with tool body and is processed.
Embodiment 9
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of ceramic powder is（Percentage by weight）： 60%A1203, 15°/.S iC；、 15%Zr02, 10% boron glass.Obtained green compact need to add jacket, and medium selects KC1, and cold pressing pressure is 900 MPas, and pressurize 10 minutes, hot pressing pressure is 700 MPas, pressurize 40 minutes, and heating-up temperature is 950 °C, and soaking time is 2 hours, and remaining is same as Example 6.
Embodiment 10
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）： WC10%、 Co20°/.、 Fe40%、 Cu25%、 Sn5%.The diamond and metal powder material of certain particle size are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material, assemble mould, matrix powder and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, plus pressure head, move to Quick-pressing on press, Stress control is in 700 MPas, pressurize 11 minutes
By mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green compact.Using green compact with being combined into green compact-Jie's shield assembly as the copper-nickel alloy of medium, and copper-nickel alloy is distributed on the surrounding of green compact, assembly is moved into heating furnace and is heated to 900.C and be incubated soften copper-nickel alloy within 2 hours, assembly is moved into tank mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 200 MPas, pressurize 100 minutes, assembly is taken out out of tank mould, it is cooled at room temperature after room temperature, it is machined, next procedure is entered after copper-nickel alloy is separated with workpiece and is processed.
The * of embodiment 11
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）：Iron 50%, nickel 25%, copper 25%.The diamond of certain particle size and above-mentioned metal powder material are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material, assemble mould and coating release agent, rigid matrix and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, plus pressure head, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is at 600 MPas, pressurize 15 minutes, pressurize 20 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green compact.Green compact as the 20' steel of medium with being combined into medium green compact assembly, and 20' ladles is overlayed on the surroundings of green compact, assembly is moved into after 950 °C are heated in heating furnace and 2 hours are incubated, assembly is moved into tank mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 200 MPas, pressurize 120 minutes, assembly is taken out out of credit property mould, it is cooled at room temperature after room temperature through machining, next procedure is entered after 20' steel is separated with tool body and is processed.
Embodiment 12
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）：Aluminium 95%, copper 5%.The diamond of certain particle size and above-mentioned metal powder material are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material, assemble mould and coating release agent, according to loading rigid matrix and working lining powder material in mould, plus pressure head, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is in 200 MPas, pressurize 15 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green compact.Green compact are combined into medium green compact assembly with the amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials as medium, and medium is distributed on the surrounding of green compact, and the component of amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials is (percentage by weight）: B20312%, PbO 3%、 Na20 12%、 K20 1% remaining be Si02.500 °C will be heated in assembly immigration heating furnace and being incubated softens medium in 2 hours, assembly is moved into tank mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 1 MPa, and pressurize 120 minutes takes out assembly out of tank mould, it is cooled to after room temperature and is beaten with hammering at room temperature, by Jie's shield and workpiece
Enter next procedure after separation to process.
Embodiment 13
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and Group points of ceramic powder are（Percentage by weight）： A120390%th, boron glass 10%.Above-mentioned working lining powder material is well mixed.Assemble mould and in its interior coating release agent, rigid matrix and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, pressure head is added, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is in 1,000,000,000 ^, pressurize 0. 1 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green compact.Green compact-combination of media is synthesized using green compact with the Ye La Shi Group as medium, pyrophillite is set to be distributed on the surrounding of green compact, 950 °C will be heated in green compact-Jie's shield assembly immigration heating furnace and being incubated softens medium in 3 hours, green compact-combination of media is moved into tank shape mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 5GPa, pressurize 1 minute, green compact-combination of media is taken out out of tank shape mould, it is cooled at room temperature after room temperature and uses hammer, next procedure is entered after medium is separated with workpiece and is processed.
Embodiment 14
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）： W 50%、 Ag 10%、 Cu 40%.Above-mentioned working lining powder material is well mixed.Assemble mould and in its interior coating release agent, rigid matrix powder and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, pressure head is added, press _ 1^ Quick-pressings are moved to, Stress control is in 700 MPas, pressurize 10 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green compact.Using green compact with being combined into raw ^- combination of media as the haydite of medium, haydite is distributed on the surrounding of green compact, green compact-combination of media is moved into heating furnace and is heated to 900.C is simultaneously incubated 4 hours, and green compact-combination of media is moved into tank shape mould, pressure head is added,¾Pressure ' Quick-pressing on machine, pressure is 100 MPas, and green compact-combination of media is taken out, room temperature is cooled at room temperature by pressurize 140 minutes out of tank shape mould, into next procedure processing after Jie's shield is separated with workpiece by way of mechanical oscillation.
Embodiment 15s
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and metal powder material component is（Percentage by weight）： Fe 70%、 Cu 20%, Zn 10%.Above-mentioned working lining powder material is well mixed.Group has climbed mould and in its interior coat, and rigid matrix and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, pressure head is added, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is in 700 MPas, pressurize 15 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green compact.Using green compact with being combined into green compact-combination of media as the talcum of Jie's shield, talcum is distributed on the surrounding of green compact, green compact-combination of media is moved into and is heated to 900 °C in heating furnace and is incubated to make for 2 hours
Medium softens, green compact-Jie's shield assembly is moved into tank shape mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 100 MPas, pressurize 90 minutes, and green compact-Jie Dun Group zoariums are taken out out of tank shape mould, it is cooled at room temperature after room temperature and uses hammer, next procedure is entered after medium is separated with workpiece and is processed.
Embodiment 16
Super hard abrasive chooses cubic boron nitride, and the component of ceramic powder is（Percentage by weight）：SiC 90%, boron glass 10%.Above-mentioned working lining powder material is mixed and hooked.Assemble mould and in its interior coating release agent, rigid matrix powder and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, pressure head is added, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is in 1000 MPas, pressurize 0. 7 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green compact.Using green compact with being combined into green compact-combination of media as the talcum of Jie's shield, talcum is distributed on the surrounding of green compact, green compact-combination of media is moved into heating furnace and is heated to 1000.C and be incubated make within 2 hours Jie's shield soften, green compact-combination of media is moved into tank shape mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 100 MPas, and pressurize 240 minutes takes out green compact-combination of media out of tank shape mould, it is cooled at room temperature after room temperature and uses hammer, next procedure power mouthful work is entered after Jie's shield is separated with workpiece.
Embodiment 17
Super hard abrasive chooses cubic boron nitride, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）： Cu 25 %, Fe70%, Sn 5%0Jie's shield selects NaCl, and obtained green compact need to add jacket, and cold pressing pressure is 500 MPas, and pressurize 20 minutes, hot pressing pressure is 100 MPas, pressurize 120 minutes, and heating-up temperature is 850 °C, and soaking time is 2 hours, and remaining is identical with embodiment 16.
Embodiment 18
Super hard abrasive chooses cubic boron nitride, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）： Co 100 %.Above-mentioned working lining powder material is well mixed.Assemble mould and in its interior coating release agent, rigid matrix powder and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould, pressure head is added, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is in 500 MPas, pressurize 20 minutes, by mould from press move up it is lower after, the demoulding be made green abrasive tool.As shown in figure 1, combining 10 two kinds of Jie's shields of spherical haydite 11 and amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials, the two is separated with spacer 13, green abrasive tool 9 is placed in innermost layer medium, green compact-combination of media is made.The component of amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials is（Percentage by weight）： B20312%、 Pb0 3%、 Na20 12°/。、 Κ20 1%, remaining is Si02, green compact-combination of media is moved into heating furnace and is heated to 900. C
And being incubated softens medium in 2 hours, and move into green compact-combination of media in tank shape mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 200 MPas, and pressurize 130 minutes takes out green compact-combination of media out of tank shape mould, it is cooled at room temperature after room temperature and uses hammer, next procedure is entered after Jie's shield is separated with workpiece and is processed.
Embodiment 19
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of ceramic powder is（Percentage by weight）： A120390%th, boron glass 10%.Pyrophillite is placed on outer layer, amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials are placed on internal layer, and the component of amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials is by medium from the combination of amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials and pyrophillite（Percentage by weight）： B20312%、 PbO 3%、 Na20 12%、 20 1%, remaining is Si02, cold pressing pressure is 1000 MPas, and pressurize 1. 5 minutes, heating-up temperature is 900 °C, and soaking time is 2 hours, and hot pressing pressure is 200 MPas, pressurize 120 minutes, and remaining is identical with embodiment 16.
Embodiment 20
Super hard abrasive chooses cubic boron nitride, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）： Cu 25 %, Fe70%、 Sn 5%.Obtained grinding tool is put into jacket, and medium selects NaCl, and cold pressing pressure is 500 MPas, and pressurize 12 minutes, hot pressing pressure is 100 MPas, pressurize 280 minutes, and heating-up temperature is 850.C, soaking time is 2 hours, and remaining is identical with embodiment 16.
Embodiment 21
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of metal powder material is（Percentage by weight）：Iron 95%, copper 5%.The diamond of certain particle size and above-mentioned metal powder material are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material; assemble mould and coating release agent; rigid matrix and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould; plus pressure head, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is at 200 MPas; pressurize 15 minutes; by mould from press move up it is lower after, green compact are made in the demoulding, and obtained green compact are coated with protective coating.Using the method combined after first heating in tank shape mould, green compact are heated to 900 °C and 2 hours are incubated, medium is heated to 900 °C and 2 hours are incubated, Jie's shield is inserted in immigration tank shape mould green compact are inserted into medium Quick-pressing on press again, pressure is 1 MPa, and pressurize 280 minutes takes out assembly out of tank mould, it is cooled to after room temperature and is beaten with hammering at room temperature, next procedure is entered after medium is separated with workpiece and is processed.The component of amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials is（Percentage by weight）： B20312°/»、 PbO 30%、 Na20 12%、 K20 1% remaining be S i02。
Embodiment 22
Super hard abrasive chooses cubic boron nitride, and metal powder material is cobalt-based matrix.The cubic boron nitride and metal powder material of certain particle size are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material, rigid matrix powder is sequentially loaded into the jacket of dimension and working lining powder material vacuumizes rear enclosed jacket, that is, the green abrasive tool with jacket is made.Green abrasive tool and its jacket, are first put into heating furnace and are heated to 900 by the method for combining pressurization afterwards using first heating.C and be incubated 3 hours after；It will be put into stove as the Nacl of pressure transmission Jie's shield and its container of splendid attire and be heated to 840.C and be incubated 3 hours after；The container of the good green abrasive tool of heat and its jacket and transmission medium and its splendid attire is taken out from heating furnace simultaneously；By the green abrasive tool and its jacket of taking-up, effect is put into the container of splendid attire transmission medium rapidly, and by both r and is put into tank shape mould, is then pressurizeed, and pressure is 500 MPas；Pressurize 23 minutes, takes out the container of green abrasive tool and its jacket and splendid attire pressure transmission Jie's shield after hot pressing from tank shape mould, cools down hammer is used after room temperature at room temperature, obtain and enter lower road manufacturing procedure after tool body, be processed into grinding tool finished product.
Embodiment 23,
Super hard abrasive chooses diamond, and the component of ceramic powder is（Percentage by weight）： 60%A1203、 15%SiC, 15%Zr02, 10% boron glass.The diamond of certain particle size and above-mentioned ceramic powder are mixed in proportion into obtained working lining powder material; assemble mould and coating release agent; rigid matrix and working lining powder material are sequentially loaded into mould; plus pressure head, Quick-pressing on press is moved to, Stress control is at 900 MPas; pressurize 15 minutes; by mould from press move up it is lower after, ^ green compact are made in the demoulding, and green abrasive tool is coated into protective coating.Green compact-combination of media is synthesized using green compact with the 20# Gang Group with green compact die cavity as Jie's shield, 20# ladles are made to overlay on the surrounding of green compact, assembly is moved into heating furnace and is heated to 950 °C, and after being incubated 2 hours, assembly is moved into tank shape mould, plus pressure head, the Quick-pressing on press, pressure is 600 MPas, pressurize 80 minutes, assembly is taken out out of tank shape mould, is cooled at room temperature after room temperature after removing Jie's shield through machining and is produced grinding tool base, into lower road manufacturing procedure, abrasive article is processed into.
Claims (1)
-
1. a kind of manufacture method of metal or ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool, its processing step includes：(1) raw material preparationThe raw material composition of metal or ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool includes super hard abrasive, metal powder material or ceramic powder, and its proportioning components presses super-hard abrasive tool convenient source composition proportion；It is characterized in that：Its manufacture method is also comprised the technical steps that：(2) preparation of green abrasive toolWorking lining powder material is made by being well mixed with the super hard abrasive got ready and metal powder material or ceramic powder in batch mixer, is combined with rigid matrix or matrix powder, green abrasive tool is made；(3) formation fit the Jie Zhi Group of green abrasive tool one and its heating and pressurizationThe green abrasive tool that above-mentioned operation is made constitutes the medium heat assembly of green abrasive tool one, and power mouthful pressure with transmission medium；(4) machining of tool bodyThe combination of media of green abrasive tool one after pressurization is taken out from forcing press, is cooled to after room temperature, tool body is separated from assembly under external force, tool body is then entered into machining processes, abrasive article is finally made.2. manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the manufacture method of described green abrasive tool includes cold compaction green compact method and pine dress green compact method.3. the manufacture method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described cold compaction green compact method is：The mould of dimension is selected by product, load in the mould for scribble releasing agent after matrix powder or rigid matrix and working lining powder material, plus pressure head, it is placed on forcing press, Quick-pressing mould, it is stripped after ^^ bodies powder or rigid matrix and the shaping of working lining powder material, green abrasive tool is made；Pressure applied scope is 200-1500 MPas, 0. 01- of pressurize 300 minutes on press.4. manufacture method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described pine fills green compact method and is：Corresponding jacket, and the coating release agent in jacket die cavity are selected by product requirement, rigid matrix or matrix powder and working lining powder material are loaded in jacket, jacket is vacuumized immediately, rear enclosed jacket is vacuumized, produces green abrasive tool.5. manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that formation and its heating and the pressurization of the combination of media of green abrasive tool one include following three kinds of methods：First combine heat afterwards repressurization, first heat combine afterwards repressurization, first heat after repressurization is combined in die of press.6. manufacture method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that power mouthful pressure is heated again after described first combination is：A, prepared green abrasive tool is placed in the spacer equipped with pressure transmission Jie's shield, is combined into green compact-combination of media；B, green compact-Jie's shield assembly is put into heating furnace and heated, 200 ~ 1300 °C of heating-up temperature after the consolidation temperature for reaching powder material, is incubated 0. 01-60 hour, obtained green compact-hot assembly of Jie's shield；C, green compact-medium heat assembly taken out out of heating furnace, in the mould on forcing press, and Quick-pressing, pressure limit is lMPa-10 GPa;Pressurize 0. 01-300 minutes.7. manufacture method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that power mouthful pressure is combined again after described first heating is：A. by prepared green abrasive tool, be put into heating furnace and be heated to 200 ~ 130 (TC, and it is incubated 0. 01 ~ 60 hours；Pressure transmission Jie's shield is placed in container in addition, 200 ~ 1300 °C are heated to, and be incubated0. 01 ~ 120 hours;B. the green compact after heating and combination of media are inserted into pressurization in forcing press tank shape mould, pressure limit is lMPa-10 GPa into after green compact-medium heat assembly;0. 01 ~ 300 minutes dwell times.8. manufacture method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that combining repressurization in die of press after described first heating is：A. by prepared green abrasive tool, it is put into heating furnace and is heated to 200 ~ 1300.C, and it is incubated 0. 01 ~ 60 hours；Transmission medium is placed in container in addition, 200 ~ 1300 °C are heated to, and be incubated 0. 01 ~ 120 hours;B. then the transmission medium after heating is fallen in the tank shape mould on forcing press, the green abrasive tool after heating is placed in the transmission medium in forcing press tank shape mould again, or pour into medium repressurization after first green compact are inserted in mould, constitute and pressurizeed after green compact-medium heat assembly, pressure limit is lMPa-10 GPa;0. 01-300 minutes dwell times.9. manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described super hard abrasive is Buddha's warrior attendant Stone or cubic boron nitride.10. according to the manufacture method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described metal powder material be it is any in copper-based, iron-based, Ni-based, cobalt-based, aluminium base, tungsten-molybdenum base, carbide original washing powder material or any two or any two more than mixture.The 11.4 blunt manufacture methods according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described ceramic powder be any of oxide, boride, carbide, nitride or any two or any two more than mixture.12. the manufacture method according to claim 1,5, it is characterised in that described green compact-combination of media has the one or two kinds of or two or more pressure transmission Jie's shields being isolated with spacer.13. the blunt manufacture method according to described in claim 1,5 of, it is characterised in that the transmission medium in the assembly is spherical particle Jie shield or fluidised form medium；Wherein spherical particle Jie shield can be spherical haydite or steel sand；Fluidised form Jie shield can be ductile metal, ductile metal alloy, pyrophillite, talcum, amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials or fused salt.14. the blunt manufacture method according to described in claim 13 of, it is characterised in that described fused salt is any in sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium nitrate or palladium salt or wantonly two kinds and more than two kinds mixing.15. manufacture method according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described ductile metal is the solid iron with green compact die cavity, copper or nickel.16. manufacture method according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described ductile metal alloy is solid copper alloy, ferroalloy or nickel alloy with green compact die cavity.17. manufacture method according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described amorphous inorganic nonmetallic materials are powdery B203、 Pb0、 Si02、 K20、 Na20th, any in Ζ η Ο or wantonly two kinds and more than two kinds of mixture.18. the manufacture method according to claim 3,4, it is characterised in that：The obtained green abrasive tool need to coat protective coating or add jacket.
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| CNB2004800132787A CN100534723C (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-14 | Manufacture method of super-hard grinding tool containing metallic or ceramic binder |
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| CN200310121112.4 | 2003-12-15 | ||
| CN 200310121112 CN1218814C (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2003-12-15 | Method for manufacturing metal or ceramic bond superhard grinding tool |
| CNB2004800132787A CN100534723C (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-14 | Manufacture method of super-hard grinding tool containing metallic or ceramic binder |
| PCT/CN2004/001450 WO2005056238A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-14 | Manufacture method of super-hard grinding tool containing metallic or ceramic binder |
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| CN102699825A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 天津大学 | Novel ceramic corundum grinding tool of low-temperature and high-strength ceramic bonding agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102699825A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 天津大学 | Novel ceramic corundum grinding tool of low-temperature and high-strength ceramic bonding agent and preparation method thereof |
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