CN1785561A - High speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft - Google Patents
High speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN1785561A CN1785561A CN 200510100675 CN200510100675A CN1785561A CN 1785561 A CN1785561 A CN 1785561A CN 200510100675 CN200510100675 CN 200510100675 CN 200510100675 A CN200510100675 A CN 200510100675A CN 1785561 A CN1785561 A CN 1785561A
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Abstract
A high-speed and -rigidity multi-supporter electric mainshaft with static-pressure gas bearing is composed of front, middle and rear bearings, mainshaft supported by said three bearings, and a motor module installed to middle position between middle and rear bearings and consisting of stator, water jacket of stator and rotor. Its advantages are high speed, rigidity, power, rotational precision and load-bearing power, and long service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the machine tool technology in the mechanical field, is a kind of high speed and precision car/mill/grind the electric spindle technology of high speed high rigidity that machining tool is used of can be used for, and is specifically related to a kind of high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft.
Background technology
High-speed electric main shaft is the core component of high-speed machine tool, and the bearing that high-speed electric main shaft adopts mainly contains rolling bearing, magnetic suspension bearing and three kinds of fundamental types of aerostatic bearing.Rolling bearing electricity main axle structure is simple, good rigidity, standardization height, but quick abrasion when running up, and short (generally needing to change bearing about three months) vibration of accuracy life and physical life and noise are big.Magnetic suspension bearing electric chief axis rotating speed height, precision are good, but its structure more complicated, control difficulty are big, and technology is not mature enough.
Aerostatic bearing electricity main shaft has two kinds of basic structures at present, a kind of is the electric main shaft of the aerostatic bearing supporting of traditional structure, it has characteristics such as simple in structure, that technology difficulty is low, precision is high, the life-span is long, mainly be applicable to accurate grinding processing, but, can not satisfy the requirement of processing technologys such as high speed and precision milling and turning because its bearing capacity and rigidity are lower.Second kind is the aerostatic bearing electricity main shaft of " full supporting " structure of developing in recent years, the static air pressure main shaft of its bearing capacity and the more traditional supporting structure of rigidity is compared and is greatly increased, air consumption is big, shortcomings such as technology difficulty is high, cost height but such electric main shaft exists, and has influenced the promotion and application of this technology.The present invention combines the advantage of " full supporting " structure aerostatic bearing and ordinary construction aerostatic bearing, adopt the solid Coupling Design theory of stream that air bearing electricity main shaft is carried out on the basis of structural analysis and optimization, the compound multi-support gas-static electricity of the high rigidity of a kind of novel high speed of proposition main axle structure.
Summary of the invention
The structural design that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft, with the bearing capacity and the lower technical problem of rigidity of the electric main shaft of the aerostatic bearing supporting that solves traditional structure, can overcome big, the shortcomings such as technology difficulty is high, cost height of air consumption that the electric main shaft of full supporting hydrostatic gas-lubricated bearing exists simultaneously again.
The present invention's electricity main shaft adopts three-support structure, the rigidity of this main shaft and bearing capacity are identical with full support air bearing electric chief axis, and have simple in structurely, can significantly reduce the mechanical processing technique difficulty of bearing and main axle unit, air consumption significantly reduces, and product cost also has significant reduction.
Structural representation of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, the high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft, include fore bearing 4, middle (center) bearing 7, main shaft 6, rear bearing 11, wherein main shaft 6 is by fore bearing 4, middle (center) bearing 7 and rear bearing 11 supportings, and main spindle front bearing 4, middle (center) bearing 7 and rear bearing 11 are installed on the outer sleeve 5 of main shaft; The electric machine assembly that comprises motor stator 8, motor stator water jacket 9, rotor 10 is equipped with at middle part at main shaft 6 between middle (center) bearing 7 and rear bearing 11, wherein motor stator 8 is sleeved on the inside of motor stator water jacket 9, be sleeved on by motor water jacket 9 in the outer sleeve 5 of electric main shaft, rotor 10 is sleeved on the main shaft 6.
Above-mentioned fore bearing 4 is radial support and the integrated bearing of thrust, adopt multi-support integral structure in parallel, be formed in parallel by two hydrostatic bearings with the uniform radially throttle orifice of biserial 4B, the centre by ring-like air discharge duct 4D separately, air discharge duct 4D links by rod radial air vent 5A and the atmosphere on the spindle jacket tube 5, and all static pressure air cavitys of bearing 4 link by a balance air drain 4C.
Uniform a series of axial thrust throttle orifice 4A on the front end face circumferencial direction of above-mentioned fore bearing 4 constitute thrust bearing; Between fore bearing 4 and the drive end bearing bracket 1 thrust bearing 2 is housed simultaneously, thrust bearing 2 is formed the thrust bearing pair with fore bearing 4, bears the axial load of main shaft jointly, determines the longitudinal balance position of main shaft; Between thrust bearing 2 and the fore bearing 4 locating ring 3 is housed, thrust bearing 2 determines that by the locating ring 3 and the shoulder thickness difference of main shaft 6 locating ring 3 is provided with steam vent 3A and atmosphere links with the air-film thickness of fore bearing 4.
The shared first row static pressure air cavity 4E of the front end face axial thrust throttle orifice 4A of above-mentioned fore bearing 4 and the journal bearing of fore bearing 4.
Radially throttle orifice quantity in the front end face axial thrust throttle orifice 4A of above-mentioned fore bearing 4 and the journal bearing of the fore bearing 4 first row static pressure air cavity 4E is consistent, and quadrature UNICOM between the throttle orifice of correspondence position.
Above-mentioned middle (center) bearing 7 is the radial gas hydrostatic bearing, has the uniform radially throttle orifice of biserial; Above-mentioned rear bearing 11 is the radial gas hydrostatic bearing, has the uniform radially throttle orifice of biserial.
On the above-mentioned motor stator water jacket 9 the spiral cooling water channel is arranged, be provided with in spindle jacket tube 5 into aquaporin 19 and exhalant canal 20, the water intake end of wherein going into aquaporin 19 1 ends and motor stator water jacket 9 links, and the other end is connected to oral siphon joint 15, the input cooling water; The water side of exhalant canal 20 1 ends and motor stator water jacket 9 links, and the other end is connected to titting water outlet 16, and the caloric value of motor is discharged by the cooling water heat exchange.
The air cavity of above-mentioned thrust bearing 2, fore bearing 4, middle (center) bearing 7 and rear bearing 11 links to each other with air supply channel 18 on being located at electric spindle jacket tube 5; Rear end cap 12 is installed in the end of electric spindle jacket tube 5 near rear bearings 11, air supply channel 18 by be installed in rear end cap 12 on air inlet pipe joint 13 connect with outside air supply system.
On the above-mentioned rear end cap 12 power connection 14 is housed.
Between one end of above-mentioned main shaft 6 and the rear bearing 11 axle sleeve 17 is housed, the air-film thickness of rear bearing 11 is determined by the internal diameter of rear bearing 11 and the external diameter difference of axle sleeve 17.
The aerostatic bearing that the present invention owing to adopted has a multi-support integral structure in parallel is that the aerostatic bearing structure of preceding supporting, common orifice restriction is the compound three-support structure of middle (center) bearing and rear bearing, the fore bearing 4 that wherein has multi-support integral structure in parallel is mainly born the radial load of main shaft, also can bear bigger axial tilting moment, middle (center) bearing improves the support stiffness of main shaft, reduce main shaft and cause that because of changes of section spindle deformation and bearing capacity reduce, rear bearing is used to improve the radially bearing capacity and the bending resistance of main shaft.
This structure Design biggest advantage has been to give full play to the effect of each bearing, eliminated the intermediate redundant link that exists in the full block bearing, reduced the quantity in parallel of fore bearing, thereby the processing technology difficulty and the manufacturing cost of bearing have been reduced, improve simultaneously the dynamic characteristic of main shaft effectively, improved the rigidity and the bearing capacity of main shaft.Adopt the aerostatic bearing electricity main shaft of this structure have higher rigidity, bearing capacity and good dynamically and thermal characteristic, go for high speed and precision car/the mill needs of processing.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with description of drawings concrete structure of the present invention:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is electric main shaft key component of the present invention--the structural representation of fore bearing.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cutaway view of key component fore bearing of the present invention.
Wherein
1-drive end bearing bracket 2-thrust bearing 3-locating ring 3A-steam vent 4-fore bearing 4A-thrust throttle orifice 4B-radially throttle orifice 4C-balance air drain 4D-air discharge duct 4E-first row static pressure air cavity 5-outer sleeve 5A-steam vent 6-main shaft 7-middle (center) bearing 8-motor stator 9-motor stator water jacket 10-rotor 11-rear bearing 12-rear end cap 13-air inlet pipe joint 14-power connection 15-oral siphon joint 16-titting water outlet 17-axle sleeve 18-air supply channel 19 enters aquaporin 20-exhalant canal
The specific embodiment
Structural representation of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, drive end bearing bracket 1 is in order to stop that adding the iron filings and the cooling fluid that produce man-hour enters outer sleeve 5 inside, thrust bearing 2 and fore bearing 4 play bearing and carry effect, and the air film gap of the thrust bearing of thrust bearing 2 and fore bearing 4 is determined by the locating ring 3 and the axial dimension difference of the main shaft shaft shoulder.As figure-shown in, drive end bearing bracket 1, locating ring 3, fore bearing 4, middle (center) bearing 7, motor stator 8, motor stator water jacket 9, rear bearing 11 and rear end cap 12 are installed on the spindle jacket tube 5, and main shaft 6 is supported jointly by thrust bearing 2, fore bearing 4, middle (center) bearing 7 and rear bearing 11.Thrust bearing 2, fore bearing 4, middle (center) bearing 7 and rear bearing 11 link by the air supply channel 18 of outer sleeve 5 and the air inlet pipe joint 13 of air supply system, connect the outside compressed air that provides by air inlet pipe joint 13.The water inlet of motor stator water jacket and delivery port respectively by with spindle jacket tube 5 on go into aquaporin 19 and exhalant canal 20 links, going into aquaporin 19 links by oral siphon joint on the rear end cap 12 15 and water system, exhalant canal 20 links by titting water outlet on the rear end cap 16 and drainage system, constitutes the cooling system of motor.The stator 4 of spindle motor links by power connection 14 and power supply, constitutes Drive and Control Circuit.
This main shaft by before, during and after the hydrostatic gas-lubricated bearing of three different structures constitute compound multi-support structure.Fore bearing 4 structures as shown in Figure 2, be radial support and the integrated bearing of thrust, adopt multi-support integral structure in parallel, be provided with ring-like air discharge duct between two bearings, the static pressure air cavity of two bearing units is connected by balance air drain 4C simultaneously, the raising that the bearing capacity factor of this bearing arrangement and rigidity are all bigger, the bearing capacity and the rigidity of the main shaft that can be significantly increased.Because the main shaft changes of section is bigger at the motor place, and axial dimension is longer, adopt traditional front and back two supporting structures can not satisfy the requirement of base bearing loading capability and rigidity, therefore, this main shaft changes of section place increase an aerostatic bearing 7 with double orifice structure as in supporting, in order to reduce the flexural deformation of main shaft, improve the rigidity of main shaft at the variable cross-section place.Spindle motor assembly is between middle (center) bearing 7 and rear bearing 11.Axle sleeve 17 is contained on the main shaft, and the effect of rear bearing 11 and axle sleeve 17 is mainly used in the back supporting that main shaft is provided, and prevents that rear-end of spindle is inclined upwardly, and improves the radially bearing capacity and the rigidity of main shaft.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft, it is characterized in that including fore bearing (4), middle (center) bearing (7), main shaft (6), rear bearing (11), wherein main shaft (6) is by fore bearing (4), middle (center) bearing (7) and rear bearing (11) supporting, and main spindle front bearing (4), middle (center) bearing (7) and rear bearing (11) are installed on the outer sleeve (5) of main shaft; Be positioned at the middle part of main shaft (6) electric machine assembly that comprises motor stator (8), motor stator water jacket (9), rotor (10) is housed between middle (center) bearing (7) and the rear bearing (11), wherein motor stator (8) is sleeved on the inside of motor stator water jacket (9), be sleeved on by motor water jacket (9) in the outer sleeve (5) of electric main shaft, rotor (10) is sleeved on the main shaft (6).
2, high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned fore bearing (4) is radial support and the integrated bearing of thrust, adopt multi-support integral structure in parallel, be formed in parallel by two hydrostatic bearings with uniform radially throttle orifice of biserial (4B), the centre by ring-like air discharge duct (4D) separately, air discharge duct (4D) links by rod radial air vent (5A) on the spindle jacket tube (5) and atmosphere, and all static pressure air cavitys of bearing (4) link by a balance air drain (4 ℃).
3, high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft according to claim 2 is characterized in that uniform a series of axial thrust throttle orifices (4A) on the front end face circumferencial direction of above-mentioned fore bearing (4), constitutes thrust bearing; Between fore bearing (4) and the drive end bearing bracket (1) thrust bearing (2) is housed simultaneously, thrust bearing (2) is formed the thrust bearing pair with fore bearing (4); Between thrust bearing (2) and the fore bearing (4) locating ring (3) is housed, thrust bearing (2) determines that by the locating ring (3) and the shoulder thickness difference of main shaft (6) locating ring (3) is provided with steam vent (3A) and links with atmosphere with the air-film thickness of fore bearing (4).
4, high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft according to claim 3 is characterized in that the front end face axial thrust throttle orifice (4A) of above-mentioned fore bearing (4) and the shared first row static pressure air cavity (4E) of journal bearing of fore bearing (4).
5, high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft according to claim 4, the front end face axial thrust throttle orifice (4A) that it is characterized in that above-mentioned fore bearing (4) is consistent with radially throttle orifice quantity in the journal bearing first row static pressure air cavity (4E) of fore bearing (4), and quadrature UNICOM between the throttle orifice of correspondence position.
6, high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned middle (center) bearing (7) is the radial gas hydrostatic bearing, has the uniform radially throttle orifice of biserial; Above-mentioned rear bearing (11) is the radial gas hydrostatic bearing, has the uniform radially throttle orifice of biserial.
7, high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the above-mentioned motor stator water jacket (9) the spiral cooling water channel being arranged, in spindle jacket tube (5), be provided with into aquaporin (19) and exhalant canal (20), the water intake end of wherein going into aquaporin (19) one ends and motor stator water jacket (9) links, the other end is connected to oral siphon joint (15), the input cooling water; The water side of exhalant canal (20) one ends and motor stator water jacket (9) links, and the other end is connected to titting water outlet (16), and the caloric value of motor is discharged by the cooling water heat exchange.
8,, it is characterized in that the air cavity of above-mentioned thrust bearing (2), fore bearing (4), middle (center) bearing (7) and rear bearing (11) links to each other with air supply channel (18) on being located at electric spindle jacket tube (5) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6 or 7 described high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shafts; Rear end cap (12) is installed in electric spindle jacket tube (5) near an end of rear bearing (11), air supply channel (18) by be installed in rear end cap (12) on air inlet pipe joint (13) connect with outside air supply system.
9, high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that being equipped with on the above-mentioned rear end cap (12) power connection (14).
10, high speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that between end of above-mentioned main shaft (6) and the rear bearing (11) axle sleeve (17) being housed, the air-film thickness of rear bearing (11) is determined by the internal diameter of rear bearing (11) and the external diameter difference of axle sleeve (17).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101006754A CN100396437C (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2005-10-26 | High speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101006754A CN100396437C (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2005-10-26 | High speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1785561A true CN1785561A (en) | 2006-06-14 |
| CN100396437C CN100396437C (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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| CNB2005101006754A Expired - Fee Related CN100396437C (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2005-10-26 | High speed high rigidity composite multibase gas static pressure bearing electric main shaft |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101818759A (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-09-01 | 浙江工业大学 | Air flotation device following one-dimensional motion trail of lifting point at overlength distance without being influenced by air pipe disturbance |
| CN102198517A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-09-28 | 西安交通大学 | Bicylindrical porous aerostatic motorized main shaft |
| CN102476194A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-30 | 北京中电科电子装备有限公司 | Aerostatic electric spindle and cooling device thereof |
| CN102699354A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-03 | 慈溪市贝利轴承有限公司 | Energy-saving electric spindle |
| CN103084588A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-08 | 西安交通大学 | Motorized spindle device supported by high-speed hybrid bearings and lubricated by two phases of gas and liquid |
| CN103934482A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-07-23 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Ultra-precise air floatation top |
| CN104525980A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-22 | 北京航天三发高科技有限公司 | Ultrahigh-speed, high-precision and large-power electric main shaft |
| CN107322013A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-07 | 孙嘉骏 | The noncontact driven using air motor supports rotary main shaft device |
| CN109441948A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-08 | 溧阳福思宝高速机械有限公司 | A kind of pressure-feed air bearing on Large-power High-Speed motor |
| CN110385447A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-29 | 南方科技大学 | Electric spindle and processing equipment |
| CN110410153A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-05 | 北京德丰六禾科技发展有限公司 | A kind of pressure-feed air bearing air motor |
| CN114909399A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-overturning load large-bearing air-floating main shaft structure |
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| JPH1113764A (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1999-01-22 | Ntn Corp | Hydrostatic air bearing |
| JP2000263359A (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-09-26 | Ntn Corp | Static pressure magnetic combined bearing spindle device |
| CN2456887Y (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2001-10-31 | 陈世钰 | Structure design of large power pneumatic static pressure bearing electric main shaft |
| JP4146151B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2008-09-03 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Hydrostatic gas bearing and spindle device using the same |
| JP4204251B2 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2009-01-07 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Static pressure gas bearing spindle device |
| CN100415931C (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2008-09-03 | 上海大学 | Industrial-application type active magnetic suspension machine tool motor spindle |
| CN100351535C (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2007-11-28 | 广东工业大学 | Machine tool electric main shaft realizing supporting float by adopting hydrostatic bearing |
| CN2832364Y (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2006-11-01 | 广东工业大学 | High speed high stiffness composite supports aerostatic bearing motorized spindle |
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2005
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101818759B (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-08-10 | 浙江工业大学 | Air flotation device following one-dimensional motion trail of lifting point at overlength distance without being influenced by air pipe disturbance |
| CN101818759A (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-09-01 | 浙江工业大学 | Air flotation device following one-dimensional motion trail of lifting point at overlength distance without being influenced by air pipe disturbance |
| CN102476194B (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2015-07-01 | 北京中电科电子装备有限公司 | Aerostatic electric spindle and cooling device thereof |
| CN102476194A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-30 | 北京中电科电子装备有限公司 | Aerostatic electric spindle and cooling device thereof |
| CN102198517A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-09-28 | 西安交通大学 | Bicylindrical porous aerostatic motorized main shaft |
| CN102699354A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-03 | 慈溪市贝利轴承有限公司 | Energy-saving electric spindle |
| CN102699354B (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-12-11 | 慈溪市贝利轴承有限公司 | Energy-saving electric spindle |
| CN103084588A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-08 | 西安交通大学 | Motorized spindle device supported by high-speed hybrid bearings and lubricated by two phases of gas and liquid |
| CN103934482A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-07-23 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Ultra-precise air floatation top |
| CN104525980A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-22 | 北京航天三发高科技有限公司 | Ultrahigh-speed, high-precision and large-power electric main shaft |
| CN107322013A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-07 | 孙嘉骏 | The noncontact driven using air motor supports rotary main shaft device |
| CN109441948A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-08 | 溧阳福思宝高速机械有限公司 | A kind of pressure-feed air bearing on Large-power High-Speed motor |
| CN110385447A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-29 | 南方科技大学 | Electric spindle and processing equipment |
| CN110410153A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-05 | 北京德丰六禾科技发展有限公司 | A kind of pressure-feed air bearing air motor |
| CN110410153B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-08-13 | 北京德丰六禾科技发展有限公司 | Static pressure air bearing pneumatic motor |
| CN114909399A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-overturning load large-bearing air-floating main shaft structure |
| CN114909399B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2024-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-overturning load bearing large-bearing gas floatation main shaft structure |
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