CN104525980A - Ultrahigh-speed, high-precision and large-power electric main shaft - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-speed, high-precision and large-power electric main shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN104525980A CN104525980A CN201410696934.3A CN201410696934A CN104525980A CN 104525980 A CN104525980 A CN 104525980A CN 201410696934 A CN201410696934 A CN 201410696934A CN 104525980 A CN104525980 A CN 104525980A
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- bearing
- stator
- rotor
- oil duct
- electro spindle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/121—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine with lubricating effect for reducing friction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0985—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/10—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting speed or number of revolutions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric main shaft. The electric main shaft comprises a housing, a left bearing block, a right bearing block, a left bearing, a medium bearing, a stator, a rotor, a magnetic steel and a sealing part, wherein a storing cavity is formed in the housing; a rotor cooling oil channel, a stator cooling oil channel and an oil returning channel are arranged in the housing; the left bearing block and the right bearing block are arranged at intervals in the storing cavity in the left and right directions, respectively; the left bearing is arranged on the left bearing block, and while the medium bearing is arranged on the medium bearing block; the stator is arranged in the storing cavity; a stator cooling cavity which communicates with the stator cooling oil channel and the oil returning channel is formed in the stator; the rotor is arranged in the storing cavity, and the right end of the rotor extends out from the storing cavity; a mounting cavity is formed in the rotor; a rotor cooling cavity of which the left end is opened is formed in the rotor and communicates with the rotor cooling oil channel and the oil returning channel; the magnetic steel is in interference fit in the mounting cavity; the sealing part sleeves the rotor and is propped to the wall of the storing cavity as well as being adjacent to the right end of the storing cavity. The electric main shaft has the advantages of being fast, high in precision, large in power, and small in size.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electro spindle of ultrahigh speed high-precision high-power.
Background technology
Along with the development of society, high speed machining develops rapidly, various high precision machine tool, Digit Control Machine Tool become the strategic industry of current equipment manufacture, the working (machining) efficiency of lathe and machining accuracy thereof more and more receive the concern of people, high-speed electric main shaft is also considered to most crucial parts in whole system as assembly most important in High-speed machining simultaneously, becomes one of main standard weighing whole equipment index.The electro spindle of main flow cannot meet modern comfort ultraspeed, high accuracy, powerful requirement in the market.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.For this reason, the present invention proposes a kind ofly have ultrahigh speed high-precision high-power and the electro spindle of the little advantage of volume.
Electro spindle according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises: shell, has container cavity in described shell, and the right-hand member of described container cavity opens wide, and is provided with rotor cooling oil road, stator cooling oil duct and back oil road in wherein said shell; Left shaft holder and bottom bracket, described left shaft holder and described bottom bracket are located in described container cavity in left-right direction at interval; Left bearing and middle (center) bearing, described left bearing is located on described left shaft holder, and described middle (center) bearing is located on described bottom bracket; Stator, described stator is located in described container cavity, and described stator is provided with stator cooling chamber, and described stator cooling chamber is communicated with described back oil road with described stator cooling oil duct; Rotor, described rotor is located in described container cavity and described container cavity is stretched out in the right part of described rotor, described rotor passes described stator and is rotatably located on described left bearing and described middle (center) bearing, in wherein said rotor, there is installation cavity, described rotor is provided with the rotor cooling chamber that left end opens wide, and described rotor cooling chamber is communicated with described back oil road with described rotor cooling oil road; Magnet steel, described magnet steel is interference fitted in described installation cavity; And seal, described sealing member sheathing is on described rotor and be resisted against on the wall of described container cavity, the right-hand member of the contiguous described container cavity of described seal.
According to the electro spindle of the embodiment of the present invention, there is ultrahigh speed high-precision high-power and the little advantage of volume.
In addition, electro spindle according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
According to one embodiment of present invention, described electro spindle comprises auxiliary support apparatus further, and described auxiliary support apparatus comprises: right bearing seat, and described right bearing seat to be located in described container cavity and the right-hand member of contiguous described container cavity; And right bearing, described right bearing is located on described right bearing seat, and wherein said rotor is rotatably located on described right bearing.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described electro spindle comprises further: the first preloading spring, and one end of described first preloading spring is connected with described right bearing and the other end is connected with the wall of described container cavity, and described first preloading spring is in compressive state; With the second preloading spring, one end of described second preloading spring is connected with described left bearing and the other end is connected with the wall of described container cavity, and described second preloading spring is in compressive state.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described seal is graphite seal.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described electro spindle comprises further: stator temperature sensor, and described stator temperature sensor is located on described stator; Middle (center) bearing temperature sensor, described middle (center) bearing temperature sensor is located on described middle (center) bearing; And warning device, described warning device and described stator temperature sensor are connected with each in described middle (center) bearing temperature sensor to report to the police according to the detected value of described stator temperature sensor and the detected value of described middle (center) bearing temperature sensor.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described electro spindle comprises further: test the speed magnet steel, described in the magnet steel that tests the speed be located on described rotor; Speed probe, described speed probe is located in described container cavity, and described speed probe coordinates with the described magnet steel that tests the speed; Multiple vibrating sensor, multiple described vibrating sensor is established on the housing at interval; And warning device, described warning device is connected to report to the police according to the detected value of each described vibrating sensor with each in multiple described vibrating sensor.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described stator cooling chamber is coiled into helical form.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the outer peripheral face of the right part of described rotor is formed with multiple outer step portion, and the perisporium of the right part of described rotor cooling chamber is formed with multiple interior stage portion, and multiple described outer step portion is relative one by one with multiple described interior stage portion.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the inner peripheral surface of described bottom bracket is provided with oil storage tank, and described oil storage tank is communicated with described stator cooling oil duct by connecting oil duct.
According to one embodiment of present invention, middle (center) bearing and stator necklace cooling oil duct is provided with in described shell, described middle (center) bearing is communicated with described stator cooling oil duct by described connection oil duct with stator necklace cooling oil duct, and wherein said middle (center) bearing and stator necklace cooling oil duct have relative with described middle (center) bearing first and export and relative with the stator necklace of described stator second to export.
According to one embodiment of present invention, left bearing cooling oil duct and right bearing cooling oil duct is provided with in described shell, described left bearing cooling oil duct is communicated with described stator cooling oil duct, the outlet of described left bearing cooling oil duct is relative with described left bearing, described right bearing cooling oil duct is communicated with described stator cooling oil duct by described connection oil duct, and the outlet of described right bearing cooling oil duct is relative with described right bearing.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the left surface of described shell is provided with and described rotor cooling oil road and at least one passage be communicated with in described stator cooling oil duct.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the side view of the electro spindle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view along A-A direction of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing in the B region in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing in the C region in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing in the D region in Fig. 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings electro spindle 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described.As Figure 1-Figure 5, shell 101, left shaft holder 1021, bottom bracket 1022, left bearing 1024, middle (center) bearing 1025, stator 103, rotor 104, magnet steel 105 and seal 106 is comprised according to the electro spindle 10 of the embodiment of the present invention.
Have container cavity 1011 in shell 101, the right-hand member of container cavity 1011 opens wide.Wherein, rotor cooling oil road 1012, stator cooling oil duct 1013 and back oil road 1014 is provided with in shell 101.Left shaft holder 1021 and bottom bracket 1022 are located in container cavity 1011 in left-right direction at interval, and left bearing is located on left shaft holder 1021, and middle (center) bearing is located on bottom bracket 1022.
Stator 103 is located in container cavity 1011, and stator 103 is provided with stator cooling chamber 1031, and stator cooling chamber 1031 is communicated with back oil road 1014 with stator cooling oil duct 1013.
Rotor 104 is located in container cavity 1011, and container cavity 1011 is stretched out in the right part of rotor 104, and rotor 104 is through stator 103, and rotor 104 is rotatably located on left bearing 1024 and middle (center) bearing 1025.Wherein, have installation cavity in rotor 104, rotor 104 is provided with the rotor cooling chamber 1041 that left end opens wide, and rotor cooling chamber 1041 is communicated with back oil road 1014 with rotor cooling oil road 1012.Magnet steel 105 is interference fitted in this installation cavity.Seal 106 is sleeved on rotor 104, and seal 106 is resisted against on the wall of container cavity 1011, the right-hand member of the contiguous container cavity 1011 of seal 106.
Electro spindle 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention passes through in rotor 104, arrange installation cavity and be engaged in this installation cavity with interference by magnet steel 105; thus not only greatly can reduce the volume of electro spindle 10; save large quantity space; electro spindle 10 is made to be applicable to the limited occasion of spatial volume; and the reluctance torque that the asymmetry because of the magnetic structure of rotor 104 produces can be reduced; contribute to the overload capacity and the power density that improve electro spindle 10; and be easy to speedup; effective reduction magnetic leakage factor, the integrity of available protecting magnet.
And, electro spindle 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention passes through in shell 101, arrange rotor cooling oil road 1012 and stator cooling oil duct 1013, thus not only can reduce the volume of electro spindle 10 further, save large quantity space, electro spindle 10 is made to be applicable to the limited occasion of spatial volume, and the bearing ball of mist of oil to electro spindle 10 can be utilized to cool, the bearing of electro spindle 10 can not be worked all the time at a higher temperature, guarantee the long-time high-accuracy stable work of electro spindle 10.Utilize mist of oil for electro spindle 10 system lubrication, not only ensure that each position of electro spindle 10 neither lacks lubricating oil, larger temperature rise can not be caused because lubricating oil is excessive again, and contaminated with oil mist can be down to minimum.
Therefore, according to the electro spindle 10 of the embodiment of the present invention, there is ultrahigh speed high-precision high-power and the advantage such as volume is little.
The Novel electric spindle that the market demand develops is catered to just according to the ultrahigh speed high-precision high-power electro spindle 10 of the embodiment of the present invention.The driven mode of this electro spindle 10, high-speed electric main shaft 10 has compact conformation, the range of speeds is wide, transmission inertia is little, fast response time, dynamic characteristic are good, add (subtracting) speed and determine angle quick standard, utilize vector controlled to realize the advantages such as infinitely variable speeds.From electro spindle 10 self character, electro spindle 10 has that structure is simple, high-speed high-power, low-speed big, rotating speed are high, rigidity is high, be easy to standardization, the advantages such as modularization, reliable in quality, volume are little.
Wherein, the dynamic balancing of electro spindle 10 whole (machine) body is with a year vibratory output to be not more than 9mm/s at maximum (top) speed 60000rpm, between, close to the G6.3 level in dynamic balance grade.
Be suitable for using at special occasions according to the electro spindle 10 of the embodiment of the present invention, be specially adapted to high-precision drilling milling machine, various high-precision numerical control machine, high accuracy engraving special purpose machine tool, high-precision grinder and other need ultrahigh rotating speed high-precision high-power occasion lathe, supercentrifuge, revolve and roll over lathe etc.Electro spindle 10 also can be used in the field of Aero-Space industry and some special requirements use ultrahigh speed high-precision high-power electro spindle.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, in some embodiments of the invention, electro spindle 10 comprises auxiliary support apparatus further, and this auxiliary support apparatus comprises right bearing seat 1023 and right bearing 1026.Right bearing seat 1023 is located in container cavity 1011, and the right-hand member of the contiguous container cavity 1011 of right bearing seat 1023.Right bearing 1026 is located on right bearing seat 1023.In other words, the right-hand member of the contiguous container cavity 1011 of right bearing 1026.Wherein, rotor 104 is rotatably located on right bearing 1026.That is, rotor 104 is rotatably located on left bearing 1024, middle (center) bearing 1025 and right bearing 1026.
By arranging the right bearing seat 1023 of the right-hand member of contiguous container cavity 1011 and right bearing 1026 and rotor 104 being rotatably located on right bearing 1026, thus the distance between the output that greatly can shorten rotor 104 to the strong point (right bearing 1026), to reduce vibration when electro spindle 10 works widely.The critical speed of electro spindle 10 can be made thus considerably beyond the working speed of electro spindle 10, make electro spindle 10 can the work of load, stationarity greatly.
The right bearing 1026 of electro spindle 10, middle (center) bearing 1025, left bearing 1024 use radial ball bearing, not only can make electro spindle 10 stable operation in high temperature environments, and can ensure the precision that electro spindle 10 works in the velocity interval of license.
In a concrete example of invention, seal 106 can be graphite seal 106.Not only can make electro spindle 10 smooth working under various adverse circumstances thus, and effectively can prevent the damage of left bearing 1024, middle (center) bearing 1025 and right bearing 1026, effectively promote the characteristic of electro spindle 10.
Specifically, the dynamic seal (packing) of the front end of electro spindle 10 can select end face graphite grazing.Graphite grazing has the characteristics such as acid and alkali-resistance, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, non-oxidizability is strong, resistance is low, can make electro spindle 10 smooth working under various adverse circumstances, thus effectively can prevent the damage of bearing in this use, effectively promotes the characteristic of electro spindle 10.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, electro spindle 10 comprises the first preloading spring 1071 further, one end of first preloading spring 1071 contacts with right bearing 1026, and the other end of the first preloading spring 1071 contacts with the wall of container cavity 1011, and the first preloading spring 1071 is in compressive state.By arranging the first preloading spring 1071, thus pretightning force can be provided for right bearing 1026, preventing right bearing 1026 from occurring stuck because temperature raises, ensureing the long-time stable work of electro spindle 10.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, electro spindle 10 comprises the second preloading spring 1072 further, one end of second preloading spring 1072 contacts with left bearing 1024, and the other end of the second preloading spring 1072 contacts with the wall of container cavity 1011, and the second preloading spring 1072 is in compressive state.By arranging the second preloading spring 1072, thus pretightning force can be provided for left bearing 1024, preventing left bearing 1024 from occurring stuck because temperature raises, ensureing the long-time stable work of electro spindle 10.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, electro spindle 10 comprises stator temperature sensor 1081, middle (center) bearing temperature sensor 1082 and warning device (not shown) further.Stator temperature sensor 1081 is located on stator 103, and middle (center) bearing temperature sensor 1082 is located on middle (center) bearing 1025.This warning device and stator temperature sensor 1081 are connected with each in middle (center) bearing temperature sensor 1082 to report to the police according to the detected value of stator temperature sensor 1081 and the detected value of middle (center) bearing temperature sensor 1082.
Wherein, stator temperature sensor 1081 can the temperature of Real-Time Monitoring stator coil, prevents stator coil Yin Wendu under various operating mode too high and burns out, by transmission and feedback, and automatic alarm after the temperature of stator coil exceedes predetermined value.Middle (center) bearing temperature sensor 1082 can the temperature of Real-Time Monitoring middle (center) bearing 1025, prevents the temperature of middle (center) bearing 1025 under various operating mode too high and burns out, by transmission and feedback, and automatic alarm after the temperature of middle (center) bearing 1025 exceedes predetermined value.
By arranging stator temperature sensor 1081 and middle (center) bearing temperature sensor 1082, thus can prevent electro spindle 10 from blocking because of oil circuit or causing temperature in electro spindle 10 too high due to other reasons, can ensure that electro spindle 10 can not work exceeding under predetermined temperature thus, greatly improve electro spindle 10 service life.
As shown in Figure 2, electro spindle 10 comprises the magnet steel 1084 that tests the speed, speed probe 1085, multiple vibrating sensor 1086 and warning device further.The magnet steel 1084 that tests the speed is located on rotor 104, and speed probe 1085 is located in container cavity 1011, and speed probe 1085 coordinates with the magnet steel 1084 that tests the speed.Multiple vibrating sensor 1086 is located on shell 101 at interval.This warning device is connected to report to the police according to the detected value of each vibrating sensor 1086 with each in multiple vibrating sensor 1086.
Specifically, speed probe 1085 can Real-Time Monitoring rotor 104 actual speed and rotary speed data is transferred to control software design, for analyze electro spindle 10 different rotating speeds time state precise information is provided.These data also may be used for other purposes analyses.
Multiple vibrating sensor 1086 is for the vibration state of Real-Time Monitoring electro spindle 10, and automatic alarm after the vibration values of electro spindle 10 exceedes predetermined value, ensures electro spindle 10 precision operationally admirably.By multiple vibrating sensor 1086 being arranged in the diverse location of electro spindle 10, the working condition of Real-Time Monitoring electro spindle 10, simultaneously by Monitoring Data automatic transmission to automatically controlled software, automatic analysis also records data, if the vibration values of vibrating sensor 1086 exceedes predetermined value, autoalarm will be reported to the police and be pointed out user to check electro spindle 10.Can saving a large amount of for checking the time of the duty of electro spindle 10 for user thus, greatly improving operating accuracy and the efficiency of electro spindle 10, a people can also be made simultaneously to manipulate multiple devices.
As shown in Figure 2, in an example of the present invention, the inner peripheral surface of bottom bracket 1022 is provided with oil storage tank 1027, and oil storage tank 1027 is communicated with stator cooling oil duct 1013 by connecting oil duct 1016.Lubricating oil by stator cooling oil duct 1013 be connected oil duct 1016 and enter in oil storage tank 1027, and be full of the space between middle (center) bearing 1025 and bottom bracket 1022, thus form oil film vibration absorber.This oil film vibration absorber not only can ensure that affecting rotor 104 because the factors such as electro spindle 10 practical set error cause the resistance of rotor 104 to increase rotates, and effectively can reduce the vibration of electro spindle 10 and cross over critical value reposefully.
Advantageously, as shown in Figure 2, stator cooling chamber 1031 is coiled into helical form.Can effectively, fully cool stator 103 thus.Wherein, the lubricating oil entered in stator cooling chamber 1031 can cool stator 103.Lubricating oil temperature after circulation rises, and the lubricating oil after intensification gets back to lubricating system by back oil road 1014, and after the cool cycles of this lubricating system, again enters in stator cooling chamber 1031.Such iterative cycles is reached for the effect that electro spindle 10 is lowered the temperature.
As shown in Figure 3, in examples more of the present invention, the outer peripheral face of the right part of rotor 104 is formed with multiple outer step portion 1042, and the perisporium of the right part of rotor cooling chamber 1041 is formed with multiple interior stage portion 1043, and multiple outer step portion 1042 is relative one by one with multiple interior stage portion 1043.
In other words, the quantity of interior stage portion 1043 can equal the quantity in outer step portion 1042, and an interior stage portion 1043 can be relative with an outer step portion 1042.The structure of electro spindle 10 can be made thus more reasonable.
Wherein, the lubricating oil entered in rotor cooling chamber 1041 can cool rotor 104 and the magnet steel 105 be located in rotor 104.Lubricating oil temperature after circulation rises, and the lubricating oil after intensification gets back to lubricating system by back oil road 1014, and after the cool cycles of this lubricating system, again enters in rotor cooling chamber 1041.Such iterative cycles is reached for the effect that electro spindle 10 is lowered the temperature.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, be provided with middle (center) bearing and stator necklace cooling oil duct 1015 in shell 101, middle (center) bearing is communicated with stator cooling oil duct 1013 by being connected oil duct 1016 with stator necklace cooling oil duct 1015.Wherein, middle (center) bearing and stator necklace cooling oil duct 1015 have relative with middle (center) bearing 1,025 first and export 10151 and relative with the stator necklace of stator 103 second and export 10152.The lubricating oil sprayed by the first outlet 10151 and mist of oil are cooled middle (center) bearing 1025, are cooled by the stator necklaces of lubricating oil to stator 103 of the second outlet 10152 ejection.
First outlet 10151 and the second size of each exported in 10152 diminish along oil flow direction gradually to form atomizer, can be atomized to form mist of oil when there being the lubricating oil of certain pressure to flow to the first outlet 10151 and the second outlet 10152, the stator necklace that then this mist of oil is sprayed on middle (center) bearing 1025 and stator 103 cools.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, in an example of the present invention, in shell 101, be provided with left bearing cooling oil duct 1017 and right bearing cooling oil duct 1018.Left bearing cooling oil duct 1017 is communicated with stator cooling oil duct 1013, the outlet of left bearing cooling oil duct 1017 is relative with left bearing 1024 to cool left bearing 1024, right bearing cooling oil duct 1018 is communicated with stator cooling oil duct 1013 by connecting oil duct 1016, and the outlet of right bearing cooling oil duct 1018 is relative with right bearing 1026 to cool right bearing 1026.
The size of the exit portion of left bearing cooling oil duct 1017 diminishes along oil flow direction gradually to form atomizer, can be atomized when there being the lubricating oil of certain pressure to flow to the exit portion of left bearing cooling oil duct 1017 to form mist of oil, the surface that then this mist of oil is sprayed on the bearing ball of left bearing 1024 cools.Left bearing cooling oil duct 1017 has three exit portion, and these three exit portion are uniformly distributed along the circumference of left bearing 1024.
The size of the exit portion of right bearing cooling oil duct 1018 diminishes along oil flow direction gradually to form atomizer, can be atomized when there being the lubricating oil of certain pressure to flow to the exit portion of right bearing cooling oil duct 1018 to form mist of oil, the surface that then this mist of oil is sprayed on the bearing ball of right bearing 1026 cools.Right bearing cooling oil duct 1018 has three exit portion, and these three exit portion are uniformly distributed along the circumference of right bearing 1026.
Advantageously, rotor cooling oil road 1012, stator cooling oil duct 1013, back oil road 1014, middle (center) bearing and stator necklace cooling oil duct 1015, be connected oil duct 1016, left bearing cooling oil duct 1017, right bearing cooling oil duct 1018, oil storage tank 1027, stator cooling chamber 1031 and rotor cooling chamber 1041 and communicate with each other.
Utilize that mist of oil is left bearing 1024, the ball of middle (center) bearing 1025 and right bearing 1026 cools, can ensure that the bearing of electro spindle 10 can not work all the time at a higher temperature, thus can make electro spindle 10 can high-accuracy stable work for a long time.Because electro spindle 10 inevitably produces a large amount of heats in the course of the work, if can not cool in time, can rapid in the short period of time electro spindle 10 bearing be burnt out.Utilize mist of oil to lubricate for electro spindle 10, not only ensure that each position of bearing neither lacks lubricating oil, larger temperature rise can not be caused because lubricating oil is excessive again, and pollution can be down to minimum.
Electro spindle 10 by opening helicla flute oil duct on its tail rotor bearing place, shell, be not only bearing lubrication, cooling, and cool for stator coil, rotor 104, magnet steel 105 in rotor 104, ensure that the temperature rise of electro spindle 10 controls in suitable scope, thus ensure the long-time high-accuracy stable work of electro spindle 10.
Simultaneously; the bearing bore spill port of left bearing 1024 is connected with scavenge oil pump with the bearing bore spill port of right bearing 1026 is independent separately; ensure the lubrication that each bearing can be good; the bearing bore passage of left bearing 1024 is connected with the bearing bore passage of right bearing 1026; and communicate with air; ensure that the heat of electro spindle 10 inner chamber is discharged rapidly, better protection electro spindle 10.
As shown in Figure 1, the left surface of shell 101 is provided with and rotor cooling oil road 1012 and at least one passage be communicated with 1019 in stator cooling oil duct 1013.Lubricating oil enters into after in electro spindle 10, and can produce Oil-gas Separation, wherein gas can be discharged by passage 1019, takes away a large amount of heat simultaneously, thus ensures that electro spindle 10 can not work all the time at a higher temperature, long-time high-accuracy stable work.
Advantageously, passage 1019 is positioned at the top of electro spindle 10.
Electro spindle 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention has less appearance and size, thus is convenient to transport, installation and stores, and is more convenient for using on multiple different equipment.Such as, the outside dimension of electro spindle 10 is 140 millimeters, and total length is 402 millimeters, and power can reach 15 kilowatts.Particularly, electro spindle 10 can adopt the electrical driving technique of ac variable frequency speed regulation and vector controlled, meets the high-power of electro spindle 10, the output of wide speed range speed governing.
Rotating speed according to the electro spindle 10 of the embodiment of the present invention can realize infinitely variable speeds between 0-60000r/min, meets smooth working under different occasion, different rotating speeds, different operating mode.Unique material, the selection of bearing, oil film vibration absorber is selected in bearing outer ring design place, ensures bearing safe and reliable operation under high speed, high temperature, large vibration and Trans-critical cycle rotating speed, extremely complexity and harsh operating mode.High-power, ensure that electro spindle 10 transfers out larger torque, thus ensure that electro spindle 10 can be used in more occasions widely.
Use high accuracy high-quality ball bearing, ensure the output of electro spindle 10 high-precision rotary, large load, improve the service life of electro spindle 10 simultaneously.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise at least one this feature.In describing the invention, the implication of " multiple " is at least two, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection or each other can communication; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
In the description of this description, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not must for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this description or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.
Claims (12)
1. an electro spindle, is characterized in that, comprising:
Shell, has container cavity in described shell, and the right-hand member of described container cavity opens wide, and is provided with rotor cooling oil road, stator cooling oil duct and back oil road in wherein said shell;
Left shaft holder and bottom bracket, described left shaft holder and described bottom bracket are located in described container cavity in left-right direction at interval;
Left bearing and middle (center) bearing, described left bearing is located on described left shaft holder, and described middle (center) bearing is located on described bottom bracket;
Stator, described stator is located in described container cavity, and described stator is provided with stator cooling chamber, and described stator cooling chamber is communicated with described back oil road with described stator cooling oil duct;
Rotor, described rotor is located in described container cavity and described container cavity is stretched out in the right part of described rotor, described rotor passes described stator and is rotatably located on described left bearing and described middle (center) bearing, in wherein said rotor, there is installation cavity, described rotor is provided with the rotor cooling chamber that left end opens wide, and described rotor cooling chamber is communicated with described back oil road with described rotor cooling oil road;
Magnet steel, described magnet steel is interference fitted in described installation cavity; With
Seal, described sealing member sheathing is on described rotor and be resisted against on the wall of described container cavity, the right-hand member of the contiguous described container cavity of described seal.
2. electro spindle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises auxiliary support apparatus further, and described auxiliary support apparatus comprises:
Right bearing seat, described right bearing seat to be located in described container cavity and the right-hand member of contiguous described container cavity; With
Right bearing, described right bearing is located on described right bearing seat, and wherein said rotor is rotatably located on described right bearing.
3. electro spindle according to claim 2, is characterized in that, comprises further:
First preloading spring, one end of described first preloading spring is connected with described right bearing and the other end is connected with the wall of described container cavity, and described first preloading spring is in compressive state; With
Second preloading spring, one end of described second preloading spring is connected with described left bearing and the other end is connected with the wall of described container cavity, and described second preloading spring is in compressive state.
4. electro spindle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described seal is graphite seal.
5. electro spindle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises further
Stator temperature sensor, described stator temperature sensor is located on described stator;
Middle (center) bearing temperature sensor, described middle (center) bearing temperature sensor is located on described middle (center) bearing; With
Warning device, described warning device and described stator temperature sensor are connected with each in described middle (center) bearing temperature sensor to report to the police according to the detected value of described stator temperature sensor and the detected value of described middle (center) bearing temperature sensor.
6. electro spindle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Test the speed magnet steel, described in the magnet steel that tests the speed be located on described rotor;
Speed probe, described speed probe is located in described container cavity, and described speed probe coordinates with the described magnet steel that tests the speed;
Multiple vibrating sensor, multiple described vibrating sensor is established on the housing at interval; With
Warning device, described warning device is connected to report to the police according to the detected value of each described vibrating sensor with each in multiple described vibrating sensor.
7. the electro spindle according to any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, described stator cooling chamber is coiled into helical form.
8. the electro spindle according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, the outer peripheral face of the right part of described rotor is formed with multiple outer step portion, and the perisporium of the right part of described rotor cooling chamber is formed with multiple interior stage portion, and multiple described outer step portion is relative one by one with multiple described interior stage portion.
9. the electro spindle according to any one of claim 1-8, is characterized in that, the inner peripheral surface of described bottom bracket is provided with oil storage tank, and described oil storage tank is communicated with described stator cooling oil duct by connecting oil duct.
10. the electro spindle according to any one of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, middle (center) bearing and stator necklace cooling oil duct is provided with in described shell, described middle (center) bearing is communicated with described stator cooling oil duct by described connection oil duct with stator necklace cooling oil duct, and wherein said middle (center) bearing and stator necklace cooling oil duct have relative with described middle (center) bearing first and export and relative with the stator necklace of described stator second to export.
11. electro spindle according to any one of claim 1-10, it is characterized in that, left bearing cooling oil duct and right bearing cooling oil duct is provided with in described shell, described left bearing cooling oil duct is communicated with described stator cooling oil duct, the outlet of described left bearing cooling oil duct is relative with described left bearing, described right bearing cooling oil duct is communicated with described stator cooling oil duct by described connection oil duct, and the outlet of described right bearing cooling oil duct is relative with described right bearing.
12. electro spindle according to any one of claim 1-11, it is characterized in that, the left surface of described shell is provided with and described rotor cooling oil road and at least one passage be communicated with in described stator cooling oil duct.
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| CN201410696934.3A CN104525980B (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | Ultrahigh-speed, high-precision and large-power electric main shaft |
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| CN201410696934.3A CN104525980B (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | Ultrahigh-speed, high-precision and large-power electric main shaft |
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| CN104525980B CN104525980B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| CN107891158A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-10 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic vibration high-speed electric main shaft |
| CN110238700A (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2019-09-17 | 天津大学 | The device of machine tool chief axis temperature in a kind of real-time measurement milling process |
| CN111822734A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electric spindle |
| CN112139984A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-29 | 高明春 | Intelligent cooling liquid control device capable of adjusting injection amount according to rotating speed |
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| CN112139984A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-29 | 高明春 | Intelligent cooling liquid control device capable of adjusting injection amount according to rotating speed |
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