CN1784571A - Hydrogen storage container - Google Patents
Hydrogen storage container Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1784571A CN1784571A CNA2004800118436A CN200480011843A CN1784571A CN 1784571 A CN1784571 A CN 1784571A CN A2004800118436 A CNA2004800118436 A CN A2004800118436A CN 200480011843 A CN200480011843 A CN 200480011843A CN 1784571 A CN1784571 A CN 1784571A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- liner
- container
- metallic
- storage area
- internal surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/002—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for acetylene
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/007—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrocarbon gases, such as methane or natural gas, propane, butane or mixtures thereof [LPG]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2154—Winding
- F17C2209/2163—Winding with a mandrel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
A container (10)configured for containing at least metallic particles (12), the metallic particles (12)capable of absorbing hydrogen such that the metallic particles (12) expand upon the absorption of hydrogen, the container (10) including an inner surface(16), comprising: a liner (22)disposed within the container (10)such that a void(202) space is provided between the liner(22) and the inner surface(16), wherein the liner(22) engages the inner surface(16) to substantially prevent ingress of metallic particles (12), when the metallic particles (12) are contained in the container (10), into the void space (202). A method of assembling a container(10) for containing metallic particles(12) capable of absorbing hydrogen is provided and comprises a container (10) including an inlet and an inner surface (16)defining a container space(202), rolling a magnetically responsive liner about a mandrel so that the liner assumes a spiral configuration about the mandrel, when the liner is rolled about the mandrel inserting the liner into the container space through the inlet, releasing the liner from the mandrel, removing the mandrel from the container space through the inlet, applying a magnetic force sufficient to urge the liner against the inner surface of the container, when the magnetic force is acting on the liner, inserting a plurality of tubes into the container space through the inlet so as to urge the liner into engagement with the inner surface so as to define (i) a storage space configured to contain the metallic particles and (ii) a void space configured to contract as the metallic particles expand upon the absorption of hydrogen, terminating the application of the magnetic force, and inserting a plurality of metallic particles into the storage space.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to hydrogen storage container, and relate to the container that is used to hold the metallic that can form metal hydride especially.
Background of invention
The metal hydride that with the metallic is form is used for storing hydrogen in many different sizes and shapes of containers.In order to promote filling of hydrogen to inhale and discharge, thereby need cool off or heat to metal hydride and to container.For promoting the superperformance (desorption rate, filling time etc.) of container, the inside of container needs effective heat-exchange device to fill suction/release dynamic process with improvement.
Absorption and desorption circulation repeatedly causes the explosion of metal hydride particles usually.Because the part increase that metallic is filled ratio is observed in this explosion.The increase of this filling ratio of following with the particle expansive phase in absorption process produces the localized stress on the container potentially.Be desirably in the device that internal tank has a part that is used to absorb this volumetric expansion, thereby alleviate or avoid stress on the container.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of container that is provided for holding at least metallic, these metallics can absorb hydrogen, make these metallics when absorbing hydrogen, expand, this container comprises internal surface, this container comprises liner, this liner is placed in this container, and making provides void space between described liner and described internal surface; Wherein said liner engages with described internal surface and prevents that roughly metallic from entering in the described void space when being contained in the described container at metallic.
Another widely aspect in, the invention provides a kind of container that is provided for holding at least metallic, these metallics can absorb hydrogen, make these metallics when absorbing hydrogen, expand, this container forms vessel space and comprises internal surface, this container comprises liner, this liner is placed in this vessel space and with described internal surface and engages, being used to form (i) is set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) is arranged to along with metallic expands when absorbing hydrogen and the void space that shrinks, wherein, in the time of in described metallic is contained in described storage area, described liner limits described metallic with engaging of described internal surface and enters in the described void space from described storage area.
Another widely aspect in, the invention provides a kind of container that is provided for holding at least metallic and Gaseous Hydrogen, these metallics can absorb hydrogen, make these metallics when absorbing hydrogen, expand, this container comprises internal surface, this container comprises liner, this liner is placed in this container, making provides void space between described liner and described internal surface, wherein said liner engages with described internal surface with time restriction metallic in described metallic is contained in described container and enters in the described void space.
Another widely aspect in, the invention provides a kind of container that is provided for holding at least Gaseous Hydrogen and metallic, these metallics can absorb hydrogen, make these metallics when absorbing hydrogen, expand, this container forms vessel space and comprises internal surface, this container comprises liner, this liner is placed in this vessel space and with described internal surface and engages, being used to form (i) is set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) is arranged to along with metallic expands when absorbing hydrogen and the void space that shrinks, wherein, in the time of in described metallic is contained in described storage area, described liner prevents roughly that with engaging of described internal surface described metallic from entering in the described void space from described storage area.
In one aspect, the invention provides described container, wherein said liner is enough flexible being out of shape with the expansion of responded metal particle.
In another aspect, the invention provides described container, wherein to described spacer forming to form (i) and be set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) to be arranged to along with metallic expands and the void space of contraction when absorbing hydrogen.
Other another aspect in, the invention provides described container, wherein said liner bears is by wall, roughly prevents from or limit described metallic to enter in the described void space from described storage area when holding metallic in the storage area.
In aspect another, the invention provides described container, wherein said liner and wall adjacency roughly prevent from or limit described metallic to enter in the described void space from described storage area when holding metallic in the storage area.
Other another aspect in, the invention provides described container, wherein described liner is pressed against on the wall and roughly to prevent from or to limit described metallic to enter in the described void space when holding metallic from described storage area in described storage area.
Other another aspect in, the invention provides described container, wherein said liner is enough flexible, makes described liner have discharge the tendency that hydrogen responds and reverses at least a portion distortion from metallic.
In aspect another, the invention provides described container, wherein this container comprises sidewall and axis, this sidewall forms at least a portion of described internal surface, and separate with this axis and planar extend 360 ° around this axis, and at least a portion of wherein said liner places between this sidewall and this axis and extend 360 ° around this axis in this plane.
In another aspect, the invention provides described container, the described at least a portion and the described sidewall of wherein said liner are opposed.
Other another aspect in, the invention provides described container, at least a portion of wherein said void space places between described at least a portion of described sidewall and described liner.
In aspect another, the invention provides described container, each in wherein said sidewall and the described liner is roughly tubulose.
In aspect another one, the invention provides described container, wherein said liner comprises the gauffer that is formed by alternating ridges and groove, and each in these protuberances and the groove is extended with respect to described flat transverse.
Other another aspect in, the invention provides described container, contact with described sidewall when at least one protuberance in the wherein said protuberance is arranged in metallic and is contained in the described storage area.
In one aspect of the method, the invention provides described container, this container further comprises and places in the described storage area and the heat conduction structure that contacts with described liner, constructs this heat conduction structure and is used to be implemented in heat transfer between described metallic and the described liner.
In one aspect of the method, the invention provides described container, wherein said liner is firmer than described container.
The present invention also provides a kind of and can absorb hydrogen and become and fill the method that the stocking system of inhaling the metallic that hydrogen is arranged assembles being used to hold, and this method comprises: container is provided, and this container comprises import and forms the internal surface of vessel space; By described import the magnetic response liner is inserted vessel space; And apply enough magnetive attractions so that described liner is pressed against on the described internal surface of described container.
In another aspect, the invention provides described method, wherein outside described container, produce described magnetive attraction.
In another aspect, the invention provides described method, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
In another aspect, the invention provides described method, this method further is included in described magnetive attraction and by described import a plurality of pipes is inserted step in the described vessel space when acting on the described liner.
Another widely aspect in, the invention provides and a kind ofly can absorb hydrogen and become and fill the method that the container of inhaling the metallic that hydrogen is arranged assembles being used to hold, this method comprises: container is provided, and this container comprises import and forms the internal surface of vessel space; By described import the magnetic response liner is inserted vessel space; Apply enough magnetive attractions described liner is pressed against on the described internal surface of described container; When acting on the described liner, a plurality of pipes are inserted in the described vessel space described magnetive attraction by described import, engage so that described liner is urged to described internal surface, thereby formation (i) is set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) is arranged to along with metallic expands and the void space of contraction when absorbing hydrogen; Termination applies described magnetive attraction; And a plurality of metallics are injected in the described storage area.
About this on the one hand, in one aspect in, the invention provides described method, wherein outside described container, produce described magnetive attraction.
In another aspect, the invention provides described method, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
In addition another widely aspect in, the invention provides and a kind ofly can absorb hydrogen and become and fill the method that the container of inhaling the metallic that hydrogen is arranged assembles being used to hold, this method comprises: container is provided, and this container comprises import and forms the internal surface of vessel space; Roll the magnetic response liner around axle, make described liner present helix structure around described axle; , when rolling, described axle described liner is inserted in the described vessel space at described liner by described import; Described liner is unclamped from described axle; By described import described axle is removed from described vessel space; And apply enough magnetive attractions so that described liner is pressed against on the described internal surface of described container.
In another aspect, the invention provides described method, wherein outside described container, produce described magnetive attraction.
About this on the one hand, in one aspect in, the invention provides described method, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
In another aspect, the invention provides described method, this method further is included in described magnetive attraction and by described import a plurality of pipes is inserted step in the described vessel space when acting on the described liner.
The present invention also provides a kind of and can absorb hydrogen and become and fill the method that the container of inhaling the metallic that hydrogen is arranged assembles being used to hold, and this method comprises: container is provided, and this container comprises import and forms the internal surface of vessel space; Roll the magnetic response liner around axle, make described liner present helix structure around described axle; , when rolling, described axle described liner is inserted in the described vessel space at described liner by described import; Described liner is unclamped from described axle; By described import described axle is removed from described vessel space; Apply enough magnetive attractions described liner is pressed against on the described internal surface of described container; When acting on the described liner, a plurality of pipes are inserted in the described vessel space described magnetive attraction by described import, engage so that described liner is urged to described internal surface, thereby formation (i) is set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) is arranged to along with metallic expands and the void space of contraction when absorbing hydrogen; Termination applies described magnetive attraction; And a plurality of metallics are injected in the described storage area.
In another aspect, the invention provides described method, wherein outside described container, produce described magnetive attraction.
In another aspect, the invention provides described method, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
Description of drawings
To understand the present invention better with reference to following detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the forward sight elevation of container of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional side elevation view of the container that injects the Fig. 1 before the metallic, and the liner gauffer is removed for purpose clearly;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional plan views of the container of metallic after having injected along the straight line A-A of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 a and 4b are respectively and inject metallic container before along the straight line A-A of Fig. 2 and the cross-sectional plan views of C-C;
Fig. 5 is the top perspective view according to an embodiment's of the container of the assembling of the method shown in Figure 11 to 15 the liner that is in " not roll-up state ";
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of liner between the antelabium of liner of the container shown in Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional plan views of the container shown in Fig. 2, has wherein injected and filled the suction metallic;
Fig. 8 shows the typical valve that is used for container of the present invention and arranges;
Fig. 9 is the schematic representation that is immersed in an embodiment of the container in the liquid pool that is used to conduct heat of the present invention;
Figure 10 is an embodiment's of a container of the present invention schematic representation, and wherein the air stream of mechanical fans generation is realized required heat transfer; And
Figure 11 to 15 is the schematic representation of method that one embodiment of the present of invention are assembled.
Figure 16 is the top perspective view that is used for applying in the process of one embodiment of the present of invention being assembled according to the method shown in Figure 11 to 15 equipment of magnetive attraction;
Figure 17 is the top view sectional plain-view drawing of the equipment shown in Figure 16;
Figure 18 is the sectional elevation drawing of the equipment shown in Figure 16 along straight line A-A; And
Figure 19 a and 19b be respectively the container before injecting metallic another embodiment along the straight line A-A of Fig. 2 and the cross-sectional plan views of C-C.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a kind of container 10 that is used to hold the metallic 12 that can form metal hydride.
The inner space 20 of container 10 holds the metallic 12 that can form metal hydride.Metallic 12 is a form with the powder.The example of the suitable particles size of powder is in 1 micron to 3000 microns scope.Metallic 12 must be able to absorb hydrogen (being also referred to as " filling suction ") to realize with the metal hydride being that form stores hydrogen.And then, after these metallics 12 have absorbed hydrogen, when having from the requiring of unit operation, during as the fuel in needs are used as fuel cell or in the internal-combustion engine, (with the metal hydride be form) these metallics 12 must desorb hydrogen (being also referred to as " release ").When absorbing hydrogen, metallic 12 expands, thereby and increases the volume that takies.In desorption process, thus the volume that metallic 12 shrinks and reduces to take.Understand not to be that all metallics 12 maximum capacity that necessarily must hydrogen be absorbed them metallics 12 that just will be contained in the container 10 are described as " having filled suction ".In case understand that also having filled suction is not that the metallics 12 that necessarily must the desorption that absorb before all just will be contained in the container 10 are described as " discharging ".With hydrogen metallic 12 being filled suction is exothermic process.On the contrary, discharging absorbed hydrogen from metallic 12 is endothermic process.
Absorb hydrogen by metallic 12 and be meant that hydrogen and metallic 12 associate.The possible mechanism of associating comprises: dissolving, covalent bonding or ionic bonding.Dissolving is described hydrogen atom is combined in process in the space of lattice structure of metal or intermetallic alloy.The example of these metal hydrides comprises Vanadium hydride, titantium hydride and vanadium-titanium alloy hydride.The example of covalent bonding hydride is a magnesium hydride.The example of ionic bond hydride is sodium hydride and potassium hydride.Complex hydrides is the metal hydride that demonstrates following bonding between metalloid atom and hydrogen atom, this bonding be characterised in that the part covalency with part ion.Example comprises sodium aluminum hydride and lithium aluminium hydride reduction.
Although understand in the discrete time lag, to stop this to enter, liner 22 and internal surface 16 engage or adjacency needn't stop metallic 12 to enter space between liner 22 and internal surface 16 fully., entering of very small amount of metallic 12 may be taken place, thereby provide as lower channel temporarily from the results of internal surface 16 displacements as liner 22, metallic 12 can 201 migrate to void space 202 from the storage area by this passage.According to described below and make in the method shown in Figure 11 to 15 under embodiment's the situation of container 10, inapparent relatively entering also may be taken place.At this on the one hand, the space between liner 22 and internal surface 16 may not necessarily be made of void space 202 fully.And understand that in the process of using container 10, because the periodicity of metallic 12 enters, the part that is made of void space 202 in the space between liner 22 and internal surface 16 may diminish on volume.At this on the one hand, with liner 22 and internal surface 16 engage or adjacency is called and roughly prevents from or limit metallic 12 201 to enter void space 202 from the storage area.
Because void space 202 does not hold any metallic 12, any displacement to internal surface 16 provides few relatively resistance under the effect of the power on the liner 22 so 202 pairs of liners 22 of void space are applied at metallic 12.At this on the one hand, void space 202 promotes this dislocation of liner 22, thereby at least in part container 10 is isolated from these power and mechanical stress, otherwise container 10 will stand these power and mechanical stress.Metallic 12 is inhaled the expansion have hydrogen to cause and may be caused these power owing to filling.Because this situation has been increased the weight of in the part of the filling density of explosion of metallic 12 (metallic 12 is pulverized, and causes the size of metallic 12 to reduce) and metallic 12 concentrated and the metallic 12 that causes.Although it is flexible further understanding liner 22, in case metallic shrinks when discharging hydrogen, liner 22 must not return to its accurate initial conditions.
Metallic 12 is being filled (absorbing in the process of hydrogen) when inhaling, 202 pairs in space is applied to masterpiece on the liner 22 by metallic 12 and goes out response and shrink.This is because metallic 12 expands when absorbing hydrogen, causes that liner 22 distortion and generation are shifted and become more near internal surface 16.Along with the increase of filling density, the free space that being used between metallic 12 adapts to the expansion of metallic 12 reduces, and causes to liner 22 stress applications.By the resiliently deformable of (i) liner 22 with (ii) by the stress distribution of liner 22, eliminated this stress at least in part.In just d/d while of metallic 12 (promptly in the process in desorb hydrogen), metallic 12 shrinks on volume, is in when filling the suction state at least some power in the power that is applied by metallic 12 thereby eliminate former metallic 12.As a result, and because the elasticity of liner 22, in the process that discharges liner 22 to it distortion (promptly owing to before metallic 12 fill the distortion that suction causes) at least a portion reverse.
With reference to figure 1,2 and 6, in the illustrated embodiment, when being arranged in liner 22 in the vessel space 20, liner 22 comprises the sidewall 223 that forms gauffer 2202.Form gauffer 2202 by alternating ridges 2204 and groove 2206, each in protuberance 2204 and the groove 2206 is with respect to plane 13 horizontal expansions.In the time of in the vessel space 20 that liner 22 is arranged in container 10, protuberance 2204 contacts with sidewall 163, thus thermal communication and the heat transfer of improvement between metallic 12 and sidewall 163.When being arranged in liner 22 in the vessel space 20, groove 2206 is slot milling between inwall 16 and liner 22.When metallic 12 expanded, metallic 12 just applied power to liner 22, caused gauffer 2202 (see figure 7) that flattens.
With reference to figure 1,4a and 4b, in order to rest on container side wall 163 or the shoulder 169, each end of first and second ends 221,222 of liner 22 comprises each antelabium 224a, the 224b that protrudes and extend around the circumference of liner sidewall 223 from the circumference radially outward of liner sidewall 223.Antelabium 224a, 224b contact with internal surface 16 and realize engaging or leaning on of liner 22 and internal surface 16, are used to realize the formation of void space 202. Antelabium 224a, 224b and engaging of internal surface 16 prevent that roughly metallic 12 from 201 entering void space 202 from the storage area in the above described manner.
By making container 10 and fluid (liquid or gas are as water or the ambient air) contact of playing radiating piece or thermal source effect as required, transfer heat to container 10 or heat is dissipated from container 10.Must fill suction with realization by cooled containers 10, and must discharge with realization by heating container 10.Fig. 9 shows the container 10 that is immersed in the liquid pool 400 that is used to realize essential heat transfer.Figure 10 shows the container 10 essential heat that realized by air stream and imports into and spread out of, produce these air streams by mechanical fans 500, guide air stream before the outer surface with container 10 contact, to pass heat transfer medium 510 (as hold and heat or the pipeline of cooling fluid) then.
With reference to figure 2,3,4a and 4b, structure 18 is arranged in the space 201, and structure 18 is arranged to realize or improves at internal surface 16 and be arranged in thermal communication between the metallic 12 in the storage area 201.Structure 18 comprises a plurality of elongated aluminum pipes 30.Pipe 30 from second ends 162 of container 10 extend and terminate in first end 161 under.To manage 30 by liner 22 and isolate, and manage 30 by liner 22 and internal surface 16 thermal communications with internal surface 16.With respect to pipe 30, metallic 12 take pipe in 30 the space and the space between these pipes 30.Metallic 12 also takies the space in first end 161 of container 10.In order to promote the heat transfer between metallic 12 and the internal surface 16, these pipes 30 are closely filled and are contacted to promote the heat transfer between liner 22 and the metallic 12 with liner 22 direct physical.Particularly antelabium 224a, 224b contact joint with internal surface 16 to the structure pushing liner 22 of the tight filling of pipe 30.
These pipes 30 play effect in a part of expansive force of the expansive force of the metallic 12 that holds expansion, thereby reduce to reach the therefore stress on container 10 at liner 22.At this on the one hand, these pipes have reduced the influence of 12 pairs of containers 10 of metallic of expansion.
Play effect in the difference of the metallic 12 local filling densities that these pipes 30 also produce in restriction storage area 201.This is because pipe 30 plays the function of the physical barriers of restriction metallic migration.
In order to promote the migration of hydrogen in filling suction and releasing course, each pipe in the pipe 30 can comprise a plurality of very little holes or bore a hole 301.Preferably, these holes or perforation have 1/32 " or littler maximum diameter.These holes are enough little of to allow the migration of hydrogen, move to the outside of pipe 30 and apply extra power to adjacent material or surface thus in inflation process but prevent to manage 30 interior metallics 12.
At least one pipe in described a plurality of pipe 30 can be form with the solid sintered filter cylinder, and this solid sintered filter cylinder will provide permeable solid, to help the absorption and desorption of hydrogen when not allowing metallic 12 migrations.In one embodiment, solid sintered filter cylinder comprises the 316L stainless steel.
With reference to figure 19a and 19b, in one embodiment, at least one pipe in described a plurality of pipes 30 comprises fluid channel tube 3001, and this fluid channel tube 3001 is arranged in described at least one pipe 30 with concentric relationship roughly with respect to described at least one pipe 30.Fluid channel tube 3001 does not hold metallic 12 substantially.Metallic 12 takies the space 3003 between pipe 30 and 3001.Fluid channel tube 3001 roughly extends along the whole length of pipe 30.Be arranged to provide the fluid passage of relatively low pressure with fluid channel tube 3001, be used to be implemented in hole 241 and at least the hydrogen between the metallic 12 between the pipe 30 and 3001 be communicated with.
An a kind of method that embodiment assembles to container 10 will be described now.Container 10 is provided, and this container 10 has: the length of the 355mm that is formed by the distance by between the terminal of the reference character among Fig. 2 101,102 sign of container 10; The outside maximum diameter of 89mm; Wall thickness with 3.68mm; And this container 10 is made of aluminium SAE 6061-T6.By the hole 241 of nozzle 24 liner 22 is inserted in the vessel space 20 then.
With reference to figure 5, provide liner 22 with the form of the sheet of 273mm * 268mm with 0.15mm thickness, be used for cooperating with container 10 with above-mentioned size.Further form liner 22 by first and second lateral margins 225,226.There is not gauffer ground to form antelabium 224a, 224b respectively at first and second ends, 161,162 places.Liner 22 is made of spring steel (low carbon steel) SAE1010.
With reference to Figure 11,, a lateral margin in the lateral margin 225,226 of liner 22 is inserted in the groove 702 that is provided with in axle 700 for liner being inserted.Along with a lateral margin in lateral margin 225 or 226 is arranged in the groove 702, roll liner 22 by human operators tightly with winding by hand axle 700 then.Axle 700 is a form with the rod shaped structure with barrel surface, and plays the effect that is used to promote roll the device of liner 22.By rolling liner 22, liner 22 is adjusted to realize the overlapping of first and second lateral margins 225,226 around axle 700.Preferably, liner 22 is adjusted to helix structure, and when placing liner 22 in the container 10, keeps the overlapping of first and second lateral margins 225,226 in the mode that describes below.
With reference to Figure 12, along with the hand by human operators is wrapped in liner 22 on the axle 700 tightly and keeps (i.e. extruding) at this state, by nozzle 24 with axle 700 in liner 22 inserts vessel space 20.In case about 50% length of liner 22 is inserted by nozzle 24, can keep the power releasing that liner 22 is in the roll-up state on the axle 700 with applying, because in this position, when axle 700 was unclamped, liner can not unclamp in vessel space 20 at liner 22.Be removed in case keep the power that liner 22 rolls on axle 700, liner 22 just presents around the radial expanded state of axle 700 (Figure 13).By nozzle 24 axle 700 is removed from vessel space 20 then.Liner 22 is pushed into (see figure 4) in the vessel space 20, and in case not just further expanded in the radial direction by the restriction of nozzle 24.
Along with liner 22 is arranged in the vessel space 20, apply magnetive attraction so that liner is achieved against the location of the inwall 16 of container 10 to container 10.At this on the one hand, these magnetive attractions attract liner 22 (seeing Figure 15) towards inwall 16.
In Figure 16-18, show a kind of equipment 600 that is used to apply above-mentioned magnetive attraction.The plastic tube 602 that this equipment 600 is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylenes, this plastic tube 602 is formed for the passage 604 of accommodation container 10.This pipe 602 has the length of 311mm, the external diameter of 162mm and the internal diameter of 89mm, to adapt to an embodiment according to the system 8 of the current method assembling of just describing.In the outer surface of this plastic tube, be provided for holding the groove 606 of magnetic material 608.Provide magnetic material 608 to be used to realize above-mentioned magnetive attraction.An example of suitable magnetic material 608 is the Dura Magnetics (DuraMagnetics of company by Ohio, USA Xi Erweiniya, Inc.of Sylvania, Ohio, U.S.A.) rare-earth magnet of Sheng Chaning (neodymium iron boron) (seeing www.duramag.com).In case be arranged in the passage 604 of plastic tube 602, the magnetive attraction that is applied by magnetic material 608 just presses against liner 22 on the internal surface 16 of container 10.
Continuing when liner 22 applies magnetive attraction, will manage 30 by nozzle 24 and insert in the vessel space 20.Along with container 10 has the size of above appointment, 28 pipes 30 of the length of the wall thickness of every external diameter with 12.7mm, 0.8mm and 263mm are inserted in the vessel spaces 20.In case 31 all pipes 30 are arranged in the vessel space 20, pipe 30 just places the structure of tight filling and liner 22 is pressed on the internal surface 16 of container 10.As a result, the magnetive attraction that no longer need be applied by magnetic material 608 press against liner 22 on the liner 22 and realize the layout (that is, antelabium 224a, 224b rest on inwall 16 on) of liner 22 against inwall 16 thus.Container 10 can be removed from the passage 604 of plastic tube 602 now.
In this state, antelabium 224a, the 224b of liner 22 engages with internal surface 16 and is used for the storage area 201 that (i) formation is set to hold metallic 12, and (ii) be used to form and be arranged to make that along with metallic 12 expands and the void space 202 that shrinks liner 22 roughly prevents from and limit metallic 12 with engaging of internal surface 16 to enter in the void space 202 from storage area 201 when absorbing hydrogen.At this moment, an embodiment according to the container 10 of the method assembling of describing just now roughly presents the state shown in Fig. 2.When liner 22 is in this state, by the storage area 201 of nozzle 24 usefulness metallics 12 filing of containers 10.Continuation is to container 10 filling metal particles 12, and the horizontal plane of the metallic 12 in storage area 201 reaches nozzle 24.
Understand that by with the assembling of said method to an embodiment of container 10, liner 22 prevents basically that with engaging of internal surface 16 metallic from entering in the void space 202, but not exclusively prevents to enter in the void space 202.This be because: even thereby will manage 30 be inserted in the vessel space 20 also be pressed on the liner 22 after, particularly at the same time mutual extrusion liner 22 after the part at opposite edges 225,226 places is pressed in first and second ends 221,222 on the internal surface 16 when realizing edge 225,226 overlapping, very little or some spaces between liner 22 and internal surface 16 exist and be formed for metallic 12 from the storage area 201 potential or some passages that enter void space 202.Yet when metallic 12 is enough big, (has grain size greater than 150 microns as 77% metallic 12 wherein, and more specifically, wherein 20% in 1000 to 2800 microns scope, 23% in 500 to 1000 microns scope, 34% in 150 microns scope, and all the other are below 150 microns), this or these space that forms in an embodiment of the container 10 that is produced by said method is that any periodically entering is inapparent relatively in enough little making.At this on the one hand, this enter also can be described as roughly being prevented or restriction.
Although present disclosure is described also and shown the preferred embodiments of the present invention, should understand and the invention is not restricted to these certain embodiments.For the those of skill in the art in the scope of the invention, many variations and change can appear.About qualification of the present invention, with reference to claims.
Claims (61)
1. container that is provided for holding at least metallic, these metallics can absorb hydrogen, make these metallics expand when absorbing hydrogen, and this container comprises internal surface, and this container comprises:
Liner, this liner is placed in this container, and making provides void space between described liner and described internal surface;
Wherein said liner engages with described internal surface and prevents that roughly metallic from entering in the described void space with in described metallic is contained in described container the time.
2. container as claimed in claim 1, wherein said liner are enough flexible being out of shape with the expansion of responded metal particle.
3. container as claimed in claim 1 wherein is set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) described void space to described spacer forming to form (i), and wherein said void space is arranged to along with metallic expansion and shrinking when absorbing hydrogen.
4. container as claimed in claim 3, wherein said liner bears leans against on the wall, prevents that roughly described metallic from entering in the described void space from described storage area when holding metallic in the storage area.
5. container as claimed in claim 3, wherein said liner and wall adjacency prevent that roughly described metallic from entering in the described void space from described storage area when holding metallic in described storage area.
6. container as claimed in claim 3 wherein presses against described liner on the wall and to prevent that roughly described metallic from entering in the described void space from described storage area when holding metallic in described storage area.
7. as the described container of any claim in the claim 4,5 or 6, wherein said liner is enough flexible, makes this liner have release hydrogen from metallic is responded and reverses the tendency that at least a portion is out of shape.
8. container as claimed in claim 7, wherein said container comprises sidewall and axis, this sidewall forms at least a portion of described internal surface, and separate with this axis and planar extend 360 ° around this axis, and at least a portion of wherein said liner places between this sidewall and this axis and extend 360 ° around this axis in this plane.
9. container as claimed in claim 8, the described at least a portion and the described sidewall of wherein said liner are opposed.
10. container as claimed in claim 9, at least a portion of wherein said void space place between described at least a portion of described sidewall and described liner.
11. container as claimed in claim 10, each in wherein said sidewall and the described liner is roughly tubulose.
12. as claim 10 or 11 described containers, wherein said liner comprises the gauffer that is formed by alternating ridges and groove, each in these protuberances and the groove is extended with respect to described flat transverse.
13. being arranged in metallic, container as claimed in claim 12, at least one protuberance in the wherein said protuberance contact with described sidewall when being contained in the described storage area.
14. container as claimed in claim 13 further comprises placing in the described storage area and the heat conduction structure that contacts with described liner, constructs this heat conduction structure and is used to be implemented in heat transfer between described metallic and the described liner.
15. as the described container of any claim in the claim 4,5 or 6, wherein said liner comprises the gauffer that is formed by alternating ridges and groove.
16. container as claimed in claim 15, at least one protuberance in the wherein said protuberance contacts with described sidewall.
17. container as claimed in claim 16 further comprises placing in the described storage area and the heat conduction structure that contacts with described liner, constructs this heat conduction structure and is used to be implemented in heat transfer between described metallic and the described liner.
18. container as claimed in claim 17, wherein said heat conduction structure presses against described liner on the wall.
19. as the described container of any claim in the claim 4,5 or 6, further comprise placing in the described storage area and the heat conduction structure that contacts with described liner, construct this heat conduction structure and be used to be implemented in heat transfer between described metallic and the described liner.
20. container as claimed in claim 19, wherein said heat conduction structure presses against described liner on the wall, and realize described liner and described internal surface engage in abutting connection with or lean on.
21. container as claimed in claim 7, wherein said liner is firmer than described container.
22. a container that is provided for holding at least metallic and Gaseous Hydrogen, these metallics can absorb hydrogen, make these metallics expand when absorbing hydrogen, and this container comprises internal surface, and this container comprises:
Liner, this liner is placed in this container, and making provides void space between described liner and described internal surface;
Wherein said liner engages with described internal surface with time restriction metallic in described metallic is contained in described container and enters in the described void space.
23. container as claimed in claim 22, wherein said liner are enough flexible being out of shape with the expansion of responded metal particle.
24. container as claimed in claim 22 wherein is set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) described void space to described spacer forming to form (i), wherein said void space is arranged to along with metallic expansion and shrinking when absorbing hydrogen.
25. container as claimed in claim 22, wherein said liner bears leans against on the wall, prevents that roughly described metallic from entering in the described void space from described storage area when holding metallic in the storage area.
26. container as claimed in claim 22, wherein said liner and wall adjacency prevent that roughly described metallic from entering in the described void space from described storage area when holding metallic in described storage area.
27. container as claimed in claim 22 wherein presses against described liner on the wall and to prevent that roughly described metallic from entering in the described void space from described storage area when holding metallic in described storage area.
28. as the described container of any claim in the claim 25,26 or 27, wherein said liner is enough flexible, makes this liner have release hydrogen from metallic is responded and reverses the tendency that at least a portion is out of shape.
29. container as claimed in claim 28, wherein said container comprises sidewall and axis, this sidewall forms at least a portion of described internal surface, and separate with this axis and planar extend 360 ° around this axis, and at least a portion of wherein said liner places between this sidewall and this axis and extend 360 ° around this axis in this plane.
30. container as claimed in claim 29, the described at least a portion and the described sidewall of wherein said liner are opposed.
31. container as claimed in claim 30, at least a portion of wherein said void space place between described at least a portion of described sidewall and described liner.
32. container as claimed in claim 31, each in wherein said sidewall and the described liner is roughly tubulose.
33. as claim 31 or 32 described containers, wherein said liner comprises the gauffer that is formed by alternating ridges and groove, each in these protuberances and the groove is extended with respect to described flat transverse.
34. being arranged in metallic, container as claimed in claim 33, at least one protuberance in the wherein said protuberance contact with described sidewall when being contained in the described storage area.
35. container as claimed in claim 34 further comprises placing in the described storage area and the heat conduction structure that contacts with described liner, constructs this heat conduction structure and is used to be implemented in heat transfer between described metallic and the described liner.
36. as the described container of any claim in the claim 4,5 or 6, wherein said liner comprises the gauffer that is formed by alternating ridges and groove.
37. container as claimed in claim 36, at least one protuberance in the wherein said protuberance contacts with described sidewall.
38. container as claimed in claim 37 further comprises placing in the described storage area and the heat conduction structure that contacts with described liner, constructs this heat conduction structure and is used to be implemented in heat transfer between described metallic and the described liner.
39. container as claimed in claim 38, wherein said heat conduction structure presses against described liner on the wall.
40. as the described container of any claim in the claim 25,26 or 27, further comprise placing in the described storage area and the heat conduction structure that contacts with described liner, construct this heat conduction structure and be used to be implemented in heat transfer between described metallic and the described liner.
41. container as claimed in claim 40, wherein said heat conduction structure presses against described liner on the wall, and realize described liner and described internal surface engage in abutting connection with or lean on.
42. container as claimed in claim 28, wherein said liner is firmer than described container.
43. a container that is provided for holding at least metallic, these metallics can absorb hydrogen, make these metallics expand when absorbing hydrogen, and this container forms vessel space and comprises internal surface, and this container comprises:
Liner, this liner are placed in this vessel space and engage with described internal surface, are used to form (i) and are set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) are arranged to along with metallic expansion and void space of contraction when absorbing hydrogen;
Wherein, in the time of in described metallic is contained in described storage area, described liner prevents roughly that with engaging of described internal surface described metallic from entering in the described void space from described storage area.
44. a container that is provided for holding at least Gaseous Hydrogen and metallic, these metallics can absorb hydrogen, make these metallics expand when absorbing hydrogen, and this container forms vessel space and comprises internal surface, and this container comprises:
Liner, this liner are placed in this vessel space and engage with described internal surface, are used to form (i) and are set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) are arranged to along with metallic expansion and void space of contraction when absorbing hydrogen;
Wherein, in the time of in described metallic is contained in described storage area, described liner limits described metallic with engaging of described internal surface and enters in the described void space from described storage area.
45. the method that the container that is used to hold the metallic that can absorb hydrogen is assembled comprises:
Container is provided, and this container comprises import and internal surface and forms vessel space;
By described import the magnetic response liner is inserted vessel space; And
Apply enough magnetive attractions so that described liner is pressed against on the described internal surface of described container.
46. method as claimed in claim 45 wherein produces described magnetive attraction outside described container.
47. method as claimed in claim 46, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
48. method as claimed in claim 47 further is included in described magnetive attraction and by described import a plurality of pipes is inserted step in the described vessel space when acting on the described liner.
49. method as claimed in claim 48 wherein produces described magnetive attraction outside described container.
50. method as claimed in claim 49, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
51. the method that the container that is used to hold the metallic that can absorb hydrogen is assembled comprises:
Container is provided, and this container comprises import and internal surface and forms vessel space;
By described import the magnetic response liner is inserted vessel space;
Apply enough magnetive attractions described liner is pressed against on the described internal surface of described container;
When acting on the described liner, a plurality of pipes are inserted in the described vessel space described magnetive attraction by described import, engage so that described liner is urged to described internal surface, thereby formation (i) is set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) is arranged to along with metallic expands and the void space of contraction when absorbing hydrogen;
Termination applies described magnetive attraction; And
A plurality of metallics are injected in the described storage area.
52. method as claimed in claim 51 wherein produces described magnetive attraction outside described container.
53. method as claimed in claim 52, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
54. the method that the container that is used to hold the metallic that can absorb hydrogen is assembled comprises:
Container is provided, and this container comprises import and internal surface and forms vessel space;
Roll the magnetic response liner around axle, make described liner present helix structure around described axle;
, when rolling, described axle described liner is inserted in the described vessel space at described liner by described import;
Described liner is unclamped from described axle;
By described import described axle is removed from described vessel space; And
Apply enough magnetive attractions so that described liner is pressed against on the described internal surface of described container.
55. method as claimed in claim 54 wherein produces described magnetive attraction outside described container.
56. method as claimed in claim 55, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
57. method as claimed in claim 56 further is included in described magnetive attraction and by described import a plurality of pipes is inserted step in the described vessel space when acting on the described liner.
58. method as claimed in claim 57, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
59. the method that the container that is used to hold the metallic that can absorb hydrogen is assembled comprises:
Container is provided, and this container comprises import and internal surface and forms vessel space;
Roll the magnetic response liner around axle, make described liner present helix structure around described axle;
, when rolling, described axle described liner is inserted in the described vessel space at described liner by described import;
Described liner is unclamped from described axle;
By described import described axle is removed from described vessel space;
Apply enough magnetive attractions described liner is pressed against on the described internal surface of described container;
When acting on the described liner, a plurality of pipes are inserted in the described vessel space described magnetive attraction by described import, engage so that described liner is urged to described internal surface, thereby formation (i) is set to hold the storage area of metallic and (ii) is arranged to along with metallic expands and the void space of contraction when absorbing hydrogen;
Termination applies described magnetive attraction; And
A plurality of metallics are injected in the described storage area.
60. method as claimed in claim 59 wherein produces described magnetive attraction outside described container.
61. method as claimed in claim 60, the described liner that wherein just is being inserted in the described vessel space has helix structure, and applying of magnetive attraction realized the expansion of described liner from described helix structure.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2,427,725 | 2003-05-01 | ||
| CA002427725A CA2427725A1 (en) | 2003-05-01 | 2003-05-01 | Hydrogen storage container |
| US60/501,017 | 2003-09-09 | ||
| US60/509,256 | 2003-10-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1784571A true CN1784571A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
Family
ID=33315242
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2004800118436A Pending CN1784571A (en) | 2003-05-01 | 2004-04-30 | Hydrogen storage container |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050072786A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1784571A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2427725A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109708002A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-03 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | A kind of temperature compensation type alloy hydrogen storage hydrogen-feeding system |
| CN111156415A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-15 | 清华大学 | Hydrogen leakage adsorption system |
| CN113669620A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-19 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Metal hydride hydrogen storage tank |
| CN114060718A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-18 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen-absorbing low-strain metal hydride hydrogen storage tank capable of realizing effective heat exchange |
| CN114151723A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-08 | 氢华能源技术(武汉)有限公司 | Hydrogenation station based on solid hydrogen storage |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109708002A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-03 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | A kind of temperature compensation type alloy hydrogen storage hydrogen-feeding system |
| CN111156415A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-15 | 清华大学 | Hydrogen leakage adsorption system |
| CN111156415B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-01-05 | 清华大学 | Hydrogen leakage adsorption system |
| CN113669620A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-19 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Metal hydride hydrogen storage tank |
| CN114060718A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-18 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen-absorbing low-strain metal hydride hydrogen storage tank capable of realizing effective heat exchange |
| CN114151723A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-08 | 氢华能源技术(武汉)有限公司 | Hydrogenation station based on solid hydrogen storage |
| CN114151723B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-01-03 | 氢华能源技术(武汉)有限公司 | Hydrogenation station based on solid hydrogen storage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2427725A1 (en) | 2004-11-01 |
| US20050072786A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
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