CN1772664A - Mold core for molding glass - Google Patents
Mold core for molding glass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1772664A CN1772664A CN 200410090906 CN200410090906A CN1772664A CN 1772664 A CN1772664 A CN 1772664A CN 200410090906 CN200410090906 CN 200410090906 CN 200410090906 A CN200410090906 A CN 200410090906A CN 1772664 A CN1772664 A CN 1772664A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- die
- base material
- protective membrane
- moulding
- glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
- C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
- C03B11/084—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses material composition or material properties of press dies therefor
- C03B11/086—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses material composition or material properties of press dies therefor of coated dies
Abstract
The present invention discloses mold core for molding glass, and the mold core includes base material and protecting film on the base material and containing M1 and C, where M1 is the noble metal Pd, Au, Ir, Ru, Re, Ta, Pt, Rh, Os or their combination. The protecting film has one precise molding surface far from the base material for molding and has thickness greater than 5 microns.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of die (molding core), be meant the die that a kind of glass moulding is used especially.
Background technology
Generally speaking, the die that glass moulding is used includes a base material and and is formed at protective membrane (protective film) on this base material, and this protective membrane is formed with a moulding surface that provides a glass material to form to use in the side away from this base material.In the model process; this glass material is to be placed on the moulding surface of this protective membrane; and the die that this glass moulding is used bestowed one cause this glass material fusion remollescent temperature, by this moulding surface so that the glass material forms an optical glass device that has with the optical function face of this moulding surface shape complementarity under the condition of hot press moulding.
The surface coarsening (roughen) and the chemical reaction that in high temperature model process, are produced for the protective membrane that reduces die, so that prepared optical glass device can meet the requirement of optical quality on using, therefore, be used for can being divided into two big series haply with the contacted protective membrane of this glass material in high temperature model process, a kind of is to bore carbon (diamond like carbon by the good class of a minute mould (release efficiency); Be called for short DLC) made DLC film, another kind is by the made noble metal film of the precious metal with high stability (chemical stability) (noble metal).
Japanese Patent JP63-103836 discloses the mould that the first model of a kind of opticglass is used, comprise: one has the wolfram varbide base material of the molding surface of a surfaceness low (meaning is the surface accuracy height), and one is formed on that thickness is 2 μ m and the noble metal film that contains iridium, rhenium and carbon (Ir-Re-C) on this wolfram varbide base material.
The mould that the optical glass device model of JP63-103836 is used, be to use grind cut (grinding) processing bestow precise finiss in the top of a wolfram varbide (WC) base material, so as to forming the wolfram varbide base material that this has the surface accuracy height and is the molding surface of an aspheric surface shape, and on this molding surface, form this Ir-Re-C noble metal film, by this noble metal film that contains carbon to reduce and to suppress the problems such as crystal grain-growth that this noble metal film is caused down in high temperature model environment.Yet, because the disclosed mould of this kind JP63-103836 is to adopt to grind the mode of cutting and process the wolfram varbide base material to required surface accuracy, therefore processing difficulty and time-consuming.
The manufacture of traditional mould is to utilize to grind the mode of cutting superhard wolfram varbide base material is shaped to required shape and precision, and plates protective membrane in grinding again after cutting.Because tungsten carbide material hardness height, use and grind that to cut processing quite consuming time.Therefore; Japanese Patent JP06-144850 utilizes amorphousness (amorphous) precious metal protective membrane to have the machinability that is better than wolfram varbide; and utilize the diamond cutting tool that the amorphousness noble metal film is carried out precision cutting processing (single point diamond turning), can obtain better working accuracy in the short period of time.
Consult Fig. 1, Japanese Patent JP06-144850 discloses mould 1 that a kind of optical glass device model uses and preparation method thereof.The mould 1 that this optical glass device model is used, comprise: one has the wolfram varbide base material 11 of and a machined surface 13 that surfaceness (roughness) high opposite with this optical glass device shape, and an amorphousness noble metal film 12 that is formed on this wolfram varbide base material 11.This amorphousness noble metal film 12 has the low molding surface of a surfaceness 14 in the side away from this wolfram varbide base material 11.
The making method of the mould 1 that this optical glass device model is used, be to bestow corase grind in the top of a wolfram varbide base material to form the wolfram varbide base material 11 that this has machined surface 13, and after forming a noble metal film on this machined surface 13, utilize the in addition precision cutting of diamond cutting tool, so as to forming the amorphousness noble metal film 12 that this has molding surface 14.Wherein, these amorphousness noble metal film 12 employed precious metal materials are platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), rhenium (Re), tantalum (Ta) or osmium (Os) etc.
Yet, because amorphous precious metal material is easily by the motivating force of hot environment with formation crystal grain-growth (grain growth).Therefore, under pyritous model environment, the amorphousness noble metal film 12 of the mould 1 that this optical glass device model is used is easy to generate crystal grain-growth, and causes the function face of final prepared optical glass device can't meet the requirement of optical quality.In addition, in temperature-fall period, produce, this amorphousness noble metal film 12 is also followed crystal grain-growth easily and is formed at its inner thermal stresses (thermal stress) and generation slight crack (cracking), causes the function face of final prepared optical glass device to be formed with lines and flaw.
Therefore, the model environment that the mould 1 that this optical glass device model is used is only limited to the Tc that is lower than this amorphousness metallic membrane 12 uses down, for the glass material of softening temperature environment that needs have higher temperatures, then can't meet its service requirements.
Consult Fig. 2, Japanese Patent JP06-183755 discloses a kind of optical glass device forming mould 2, include: one have one with the base material 21 of this machined surface that optical glass device shape is opposite and surfaceness is high 23, and crystal form (crystaline) noble metal film 22 that is formed on this base material 21.This crystal form noble metal film 22 is to be formed at after an amorphousness noble metal film on this machined surface 23 bestows precision cutting and be machined to required surface shape and precision, again this amorphousness noble metal film is implemented thermal treatment and constitute, and be formed with the lower molding surface of a surfaceness 24 in a side whereby away from this base material 21.Case (JP06-144850) does not exist together before Japanese Patent JP06-183755 and the aforesaid patent, only is that this amorphousness noble metal film 12 is this crystal form noble metal film 22 in the precision cutting postheat treatment.
Can improve on the surface roughening problem of following crystal grain-growth in the high temperature model process and coming though be the noble metal film 22 of crystal form, but the amorphousness precious metal that will be processed into precise shape makes its crystallization through thermal treatment again, easily makes the molding surface 24 of high surface accuracy form surface coarsening.Therefore, must make the function face of final prepared optical glass device can meet the requirement of optical quality by first again grinding and polishing before the model.
Yet,,, easily make the diamond bulk produce and burst apart if only utilize by the in addition precision cutting of diamond cutting tool that single diamond bulk constituted because noble metal film is being crystal form and constituting surface coarsening through behind the high temperature model.Therefore,, then must utilize by whetslate and the sharpener tool that grinds that is formed at that the diamond particle on whetslate surface constituted is ground and cuts, cause whole layer of precious metal plated film to be removed if the mould used of glass moulding desires to be repeated to use.Subsequently, after this wolfram varbide base material enforcement roughing reaches an approximate surface accuracy, on this wolfram varbide base material, form an amorphousness noble metal film again and carry out precision cutting processing again.By preceding described, it is quite consuming time that the preceding disclosed mould of case of two pieces of patents of JP06-144850 and JP06-183755 is reprocessed (repair), and the whetslate life-span that diamond grinds in the sharpener tool is short.
In addition, before two pieces of patents of JP06-144850 and JP06-183755 in the case employed precious metal be to belong to chemical abradability (chemical wear) material, its and diamond cutter very easily with in the diamond cutter are carbon (C) the atom formation mixture (complex) of metasable state (metastable) between the two in the course of processing.Therefore, in the rework process of die, cause reduce apace the work-ing life of jewelling tool.
From the above mentioned; how to solve by the made protective membrane of precious metal material and under high temperature model environment, be accompanied by the problems such as surface coarsening that crystal grain-growth brings; so as to prolonging the work-ing life of the die that glass moulding uses; also reduce simultaneously the chemistry abrasion of diamond cutter in the course of processing; making the difficulty of reprocessing reduce and shorten and reprocess the time, is the relevant required a great problem that overcomes of dealer of mould of research and development opticglass unit.
Summary of the invention
The hardness of above-mentioned noble metal film is low than jewelling tool, and it is the chemistry abrasion that major cause is damaged in its abrasion that constitute jewelling tool.Yet, constitute chemical abrasive reason, be that to contain the number of sharing electron number not in d layer orbital relevant with atoms metal.Because precious metal elements such as platinum, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, rhenium, tantalum and osmium are to belong at d layer orbital to contain the not material of sharing electron number.Therefore, after using through the high temperature model, die produces surface coarsening, need further when diamond cutter is reprocessed, be formed at the d layer orbital sharing electron not in the precious metal material itself on the base material, then be very easy to diamond cutter in carbon atom formation mixture.
What deserves to be mentioned is, noble metal film can be divided into for two stages to the chemistry abrasion mechanism of jewelling tool, fs is to attract carbon to form mixture by the precious metal atom that d layer orbital contains sharing electron not, and subordinate phase is the follow-up four kinds of possibilities that produce of the carbon atom in this mixture.(1) a plurality of carbon form in the gap that graphite (graphite) structures, (2) carbon diffuse into metal lattice (lattice), (3) carbon and atoms metal formation compound, and (4) carbon returns in the jewelling tool, wherein, (1) can cause carbon atom by running off in the diamond structures thereby constituting loss to (3), have only (4) can not cause the chemistry abrasion.
By preceding described, the present invention does not have and contains the not precious metal element palladium (Pd) of sharing electron number by being used in d layer orbital, and in containing the precious metal material of sharing electron number not, d layer orbital introduce enough carbon atoms, the carbon atom that causes being introduced is present in the lattice of precious metal, and make and to contain not that the precious metal atom of sharing electron number forms mixture earlier with carbon, and then restrain precious metal and form mixture with the carbon atom of jewelling tool again and also suppress crystal grain-growth simultaneously.Whereby, reduce precious metal protective membrane of the present invention grind cut or working angles in to the chemical abradability of jewelling tool, the machinability of the noble metal film of crystallization is originally improved.In addition, grind the mode of cutting when use and add man-hour, also can reduce the abrasion of diamond whetslate and reach processing quality preferably.
What deserves to be mentioned is that the content of carbon in precious metal protective membrane of the present invention is to increase and increase along with not sharing electron number that the material of this precious metal protective membrane is contained in d layer orbital.Meaning promptly, when the material of precious metal protective membrane of the present invention mainly is when being made of palladium (Pd), it is lower to be formed at the interior carbon content of this precious metal protective membrane; Relatively, when the material of this precious metal protective membrane mainly be that the carbon content that is formed at this precious metal protective membrane then need increase when containing by d layer orbital that the material of distribution subnumber is not constituted.
Moreover; the present invention is in the process of making the precious metal protective membrane; the wolfram varbide base material is applied heat makes carbon containing precious metal protective membrane form crystallization (crystallization); after making whole die of the present invention, follow problems such as surface coarsening that crystal grain-growth constitutes and slight crack to be improved through frequent high temperature model access times.
Before on base material of the present invention, being formed with this precious metal protective membrane; also can be only provide a surface accuracy low and be the molding surface of an aspheric surface shape to this base material; and subsequently form the precious metal protective membrane of a pre-determined thickness; this precious metal protective membrane can be utilized grind and cut or cutting way is newly created or reprocessed and reaches desired aspherical shape and roughness; wherein; the thickness that is plated is thicker, and reworkable number of times the more.
Therefore, the die that provides a kind of glass moulding to use is provided purpose of the present invention.
So the die that glass moulding of the present invention is used comprises: one has the base material of a proximate moulding surface, and one is formed on this base material and contains the protective membrane of M1 and carbon.
This M1 one is selected from the precious metal element of the following group that constitutes: palladium (Pd), gold (Au), iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), rhenium (Re), tantalum (Ta), platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh), osmium (Os) and these a combination.This protective membrane has one away from this base material and can be used for the moulding surface of model through the accurate system of cutting, and thickness is at least greater than 5 μ m.
Therefore, repeat usage height, the model life-span of the die that glass moulding of the present invention is used are long, and are difficult for consume diamond cutting tool in rework process.Moreover; because the low consume jewelling tool that is difficult for of the chemical abradability of precious metal protective membrane of the present invention; therefore; base material used in the present invention can only be processed into a proximate molding surface in advance; and after finishing follow-up film-plating process, utilize diamond to grind to cut or cutting tool in addition precision sizing become to be applicable to the desired surface accuracy of moulding surface that glass moulding is used.
Consult Fig. 3, a preferred embodiment of the die that glass moulding of the present invention is used comprises: one has the base material 3 of a proximate moulding surface 31, and one is formed on this base material 3 and contains M
1And the protective membrane 5 of carbon.
This M
1Be one to be selected from the precious metal element of the following group that constitutes: palladium (Pd), gold (Au), iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), rhenium (Re), tantalum (Ta), platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh), osmium (Os) and these a combination.This protective membrane 5 has one away from this base material 3 and can be used for the moulding surface 51 of model through the accurate system of cutting, and thickness is at least greater than 5 μ m.
Preferably, carbon is between between the 10wt% to 50wt% at the content of this protective membrane 5.In one embodiment, this M
1It is a combination (anticipate promptly, this protective membrane 5 contains Pd-Ru-Ta-C) of palladium, ruthenium and tantalum.In another specific embodiment, this M
1It is a combination (anticipate promptly, this protective membrane 5 contains Ir-Ru-C) of iridium and ruthenium.In another specific embodiment, this M
1It is a combination (anticipate promptly, this protective membrane 5 contains Ir-Re-C) of iridium and rhenium.
Preferably, the thickness of this protective membrane 5 is between 10 μ m to 30 μ m.
Preferably, the die used of glass moulding of the present invention more includes one and is folded between this base material 3 and this protective membrane 5 and contains M
2The intermediate coat 4 of compound.
Be applicable to this M of the present invention
2Be one to be selected from the following group that constitutes: titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), niobium (Nb), zirconium (Zr), aluminium (Al), silicon (Si) and these a combination.Be applicable to that of the present invention this contains M
2Compound be one to be selected from the following group that constitutes: contain M
2Nitride, contain M
2Carbide and contain M
2Oxide compound.Preferably, this M
2It is titanium.In one embodiment, this intermediate coat 4 is the nitride that contain titanium.
Preferably, the thickness of this intermediate coat 4 is between between the 20nm to 200nm.
Being applicable to that this base material 3 of the present invention is made by wolfram varbide (WC), also can be made by the Tao Jin (cermets) that contains titanium nitride (TiN) or titanium carbide (TiC).In one embodiment, this base material 3 is made by wolfram varbide (WC).
Effect of the present invention is, provides a kind of and has the repeat usage height, the model life-span is long and be suitable for diamond grinds and cut or cutting tool such as reprocesses at the die that the glass moulding of characteristics is used.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is a schematic side view, and the mould that the disclosed optical glass device model of Japanese Patent JP06-144850 is used is described.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view, and the disclosed optical glass device forming mould of Japanese Patent JP06-183755 is described.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view, and a preferred embodiment of the die that glass moulding of the present invention is used is described.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
In a specific embodiment one of the die that glass moulding of the present invention is used, this base material 3 is that, this intermediate coat 4 made by WC is that nitride and the thickness that contains titanium is 100nm, and this protective membrane 5 is to contain Pd-Ru-Ta-C and thickness is the crystallization layer of precious metal of 20 μ m.In this specific embodiment one, Pd wt%: Ru wt%: Ta wt%: C wt% is about 83: 2: 5: 10.
The making method of the die that the glass moulding of this specific embodiment one is used below is described simply.
At first, form a surface accuracy in the top of a WC base material low and be the moulding surface of an aspheric surface shape, so as to constituting this base material with proximate moulding surface 31 3.
Further, in a vacuum system (vacuum system), utilize sputter (sputtering) method, on this moulding surface 31, form this and contain the intermediate coat 4 of the nitride of titanium.
Then, utilizing same vacuum system, is 1: 4 methane (CH in being connected with gas flow ratio
4) and argon gas (Ar) and operating pressure (working pressure) be in the reaction cavity of 15mTorr, is that 81: 4: 15 the alloy target material that Pd-Ru-Ta constituted (target) is bestowed a predetermined electric power to one by weight percent, contain the layer of precious metal that Pd-Ru-Ta-C and thickness are about 20 μ m on this intermediate coat 4, to form one, simultaneously, the test piece load bearing seat (holder) that undertakes this base material 3 is imposed 450 ℃ hyperthermic treatment, so that this contains the layer of precious metal crystallization of Pd-Ru-Ta-C.
At last, utilize the diamond cutting tool that the crystallization layer of precious metal that this contains Pd-Ru-Ta-C is bestowed a precision cutting, with the protective membrane 5 that constitutes this moulding surface with high surface accurate degree 51.
Because protective membrane 5 major ingredient of this specific embodiment one are not have at the d orbital to contain the not Pd of sharing electron number; therefore only need to contain the not metal formation mixture of sharing electron number by carbon atom and a spot of Ru, the Ta etc. of low levels; produced the chemistry abrasion between the two with carbon atom and the precious metal element in this protective membrane 5 that in working angles, reduces the diamond cutting tool, and suppressed crystal grain-growth down in high temperature model environment.
In addition, have enough one-tenth-value thickness 1/10s by this protective membrane 5, the die that makes glass moulding of the present invention use can utilize precision to grind to cut or cut bestows processing to this noble metal film, so as to reaching the purpose of reprocessing fast.
Embodiment two
One specific embodiment two of the die that glass moulding of the present invention is used, identical with this specific embodiment one haply, it is the crystallization layer of precious metal that contain Ir-Ru-C that its difference is in this protective membrane 5.In this specific embodiment two, Irwt%: Ru wt%: C wt% is about 33: 22: 45.
The making method of the die that these specific embodiment two glass mouldings are used is identical with this specific embodiment one haply.Its difference be in, the crystallization layer of precious metal that this contains Ir-Ru-C is to utilize sputtering method, is 5: 1 CH in being connected with gas flow ratio
4Reaching Ar and operating pressure is in the reaction cavity of 10mTorr, is that 62: 38 the alloys target that Ir-Ru constituted is bestowed a predetermined electric power to one by weight percent, contain the layer of precious metal that Ir-Ru-C and thickness are about 20 μ m on this intermediate coat 4, to form one, simultaneously, the test piece load bearing seat that undertakes this base material 3 is imposed 650 ℃ hyperthermic treatment, so that this contains the layer of precious metal crystallization of Ir-Ru-C.
Embodiment three
Send out a specific embodiment three of the die that glass moulding uses in the present invention, identical with this specific embodiment two haply, it is the crystallization layer of precious metal that contain Ir-Re-C that its difference is in this protective membrane 5.In this specific embodiment three, Ir wt%: Re wt%: C wt% is about 45: 5: 50.
The making method of the die that these specific embodiment three glass mouldings are used is identical with this specific embodiment two haply.It is to be 89: 11 the alloys target that Ir-Re constituted by weight percent that its difference is in, employed palladium material, and CH
4And the gas flow ratio of Ar is 6: 1.
What deserves to be mentioned is that because Ir and Ru in this specific embodiment two all have 3 not sharing electrons, and the Re in this specific embodiment three has 5 not sharing electrons, therefore, the C content of this specific embodiment three need be higher than the C content of this specific embodiment two.
Explanation via the front; this specific embodiment two and three protective membrane 5 are not contain Pd; therefore the atoms metal of sharing electron number forms mixture to need with more containing not by the higher carbon atom of content; produced the chemistry abrasion between the two with carbon atom and the precious metal element in this protective membrane 5 that in working angles, reduces the diamond cutting tool, and suppressed crystal grain-growth down in high temperature model environment.
In addition, the protective membrane 5 of aforementioned three specific embodiments has added carbon atom and crystallization in coating process, and therefore under high temperature model environment, this protective membrane 5 is reduced by problems such as surface roughening that crystal grain-growth constituted and slight cracks.Moreover; because the chemical abradability of this protective membrane 5 of aforementioned three specific embodiments is low; therefore through formed micro-crystal grain-growth (i.e. Wei Liang surface roughening) behind the frequent high temperature model access times, also can be reprocessed to meeting the model claimed accuracy by the diamond cutting tool.
Therefore; the die of borrowing the protective membrane 5 of these specific embodiments to cause glass moulding of the present invention to be used is difficult for producing problems such as crystal grain-growth down in high temperature model environment, with the model life-span of improving the die that glass moulding of the present invention uses and the optical quality of prepared optical glass device.In addition, borrow the low chemical abradability of the protective membrane 5 of these specific embodiments, with increase the diamond cutting tool in rework process machinability and improve the repeat usage of the die that glass moulding of the present invention uses.
Conclude above-mentionedly, the die that glass moulding of the present invention is used has long, high repeat usage of model life-span, and is beneficial to diamond and grinds and cut or cutting tool such as reprocesses at characteristics, so can reach purpose of the present invention really.
Claims (10)
1. die that glass moulding is used is characterized in that it comprises:
One base material has a proximate moulding surface; And
One is formed on this base material and contains M
1And the protective membrane of carbon, this M
1Be one to be selected from the precious metal element of the following group that constitutes: palladium, gold, iridium, ruthenium, rhenium, tantalum, platinum, rhodium, osmium and these a combination; this protective membrane has one away from this base material and can be used for the moulding surface of model through the accurate system of cutting, and thickness is at least greater than 5 μ m.
2. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 1 is used is characterized in that: carbon is between between the 10wt to 50wt% at the content of this protective membrane.
3. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 2 is used is characterized in that: this M
1It is a combination of palladium, ruthenium and tantalum.
4. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 2 is used is characterized in that: this M
1It is a combination of iridium and ruthenium.
5. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 2 is used is characterized in that: this M
1It is a combination of iridium and rhenium.
6. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 1 is used is characterized in that: the thickness of this protective membrane is between 10 μ m to 30 μ m.
7. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 1 is used is characterized in that: more include one and be folded between this base material and this protective membrane and contain M
2The intermediate coat of compound, this M
2Be one to be selected from the following group that constitutes: titanium, chromium, niobium, zirconium, aluminium, silicon and these a combination; This contains M
2Compound be one to be selected from the following group that constitutes: contain M
2Nitride, contain M
2Carbide and contain M
2Oxide compound.
8. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 7 is used is characterized in that: this M
2Be titanium, this intermediate coat is the nitride that contains titanium.
9. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 7 is used is characterized in that: the thickness of this intermediate coat is between between the 20nm to 200nm.
10. the die that glass moulding as claimed in claim 1 is used is characterized in that: this base material is made by wolfram varbide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100909063A CN1331786C (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2004-11-10 | Mold core for molding glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100909063A CN1331786C (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2004-11-10 | Mold core for molding glass |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1772664A true CN1772664A (en) | 2006-05-17 |
| CN1331786C CN1331786C (en) | 2007-08-15 |
Family
ID=36759832
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100909063A Expired - Fee Related CN1331786C (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2004-11-10 | Mold core for molding glass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1331786C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019029762A1 (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-14 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Coating and layer system, and bipolar plate, fuel cell and electrolyser |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW506946B (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 2002-10-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Die for molding glass |
| TW445242B (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2001-07-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Molding die for molding glass |
| JP2002226221A (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-08-14 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Glass press mold and its manufacturing method |
| CN1216817C (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2005-08-31 | 一品光学工业股份有限公司 | Metal mold of moulding glass |
| CN1305789C (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2007-03-21 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | Mould for forming optical elements and the optical elements |
-
2004
- 2004-11-10 CN CNB2004100909063A patent/CN1331786C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019029762A1 (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-14 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Coating and layer system, and bipolar plate, fuel cell and electrolyser |
| US11380908B2 (en) | 2017-08-11 | 2022-07-05 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Coating and layer system, and bipolar plate, fuel cell and electrolyser |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1331786C (en) | 2007-08-15 |
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