CN1769507A

CN1769507A - High-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy and its preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN1769507A
Application number: CN 200510096378
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑茂盛; 徐长征
Original assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2005-11-17
Filing date: 2005-11-17
Publication date: 2006-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2025-11-17
Also published as: CN100516264C

Abstract

This invention discloses a copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity and its making method, which includes copper, argent, chrome, mixing lanthanon, the proportion of them by weight as follow: argent 0.05%-0.15%, chrome 0.42%-0.64%, mixing lanthanon Re 0-0.09%, the rest is copper, wherein mixing lanthanon is mainly cerium, yttrium, lanthanum, scythe elements. This method achives the coper alloy with high strength of 570-650MPa and high conductivity of 75-80% IACS by fusion and cold processing technology, and it only needs plastic deformation processing-time effect-plastic deformation processing technology. Through the said processing, the strength of the alloy reaches up to 570-650MPa, the extend rate is no less than 5%, and the conductance rate reaches to 75-80% IACS.

Description

A kind of high-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the metal material engineering field, particularly a kind of high-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

High-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy is the high-performance metal materials with good comprehensive physicals and mechanical property, possesses the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function characteristic simultaneously, be widely used in industrial trades such as electric power, electronics, electric, machinery, touch bridge, conticaster crystallizer liner, circuit lead frame, power asynchronous traction motor of high rotor, electric railway contact wire (contact line), thermonuclear reactor experiment (ITER) divertor vertical target radiator element, high impulse magnetic field conductors material etc. as the electric works switch.

High strength and high conductivity are a pair of contradiction, but at some high-technology field, require material to have high strength and high conductivity simultaneously.Mainly be that application alloying and compounding technology solve this problem at present.Strengthen the copper matrix by means such as solution strengthening, precipitation strength, refined crystalline strengthening and working hardenings; technology is ripe; technology is simpler; cost is lower; suitability for scale production; but the gained strength of materials generally is lower than 550MPa, and specific conductivity generally is no more than 80%IACS, is difficult to satisfy the requirement of new and high technology to material property.The copper alloy tensile strength of composite algorithm preparation can reach more than the 2000MPa, but its technology is complicated, and production cost is higher, is unfavorable for suitability for industrialized production, needs further investigation.

The core technology of alloyage process is by adding certain alloying element in the copper matrix, to form sosoloid or supersaturated solid solution, make generation lattice distortion of copper matrix or timeliness precipitation strength phase, obtaining the copper alloy that high strength and high conduction performance have both.The selection of alloying element and founding are the keys that obtains high strength and high conduction performance material by alloyage process.When adding precipitation strength effect element, preferably make to form the strengthening phase that does not contain copper between the alloying element, and the solid solubility of this strengthening phase in matrix sharply reduces with the reduction of temperature.Reinforced alloys unit commonly used have: Sn, Co, Ag, Cr, Zr, W, Nb, Mo, Ta, Fe, Re etc.These element add-ons are all lower, and mostly about 1%, wherein Ag, Co, Mg etc. are by solution strengthening and cold working hardening generation effect, and other elements nearly all utilize ageing strengthening to strengthen matrix.The content of alloy element in alloy is not high, and alloy atom is less to the influence of copper matrix specific conductivity.The copper material intensity σ that alloying makes _bBetween 350～650MPa, the specific conductivity of the copper product that makes with alloyage process can be up between the 60-90%IACS, but will make the two have then difficulty relatively of bigger value simultaneously.

Artificial compound and spontaneous composite algorithm is another kind of important enhancement method.Artificial composite material is by the particle of artificial adding second phase, whisker, fiber strengthening copper matrix or relies on the intensity of strengthening phase own to increase copper product intensity (powder metallurgy and plastic deformation method).The in-situ composite method is to add alloying element in copper, by process means, generates wild phase in the inner original position of copper alloy, constitutes matrix material with matrix copper, strengthens body and two kinds of materials of matrix copper and just exist before processing.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy and preparation method thereof, technology is simpler, and cost is lower, and the intensity of copper alloy and specific conductivity are all higher.

Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that and the present invention includes copper, silver, chromium, mixed rare-earth elements, per-cent by gross weight is respectively: silver-colored 0.05%-0.15%, chromium 0.42%-0.64%, mixed rare-earth elements Re 0-0.09%, all the other are copper, mixed rare-earth elements is meant cerium, yttrium, lanthanum, samarium element.

Described silver or chromium are pure metal or are yellow gold or chromiumcopper; Wherein copper silver and chromiumcopper are meant the Kufil and the chromiumcopper that contains chromium 3-10% of argentiferous 0.5-15% by weight percentage.

Described mixed rare-earth elements Re is a cerium, yttrium, and lanthanum, samarium element, rare earth element can be a kind of elements, also can make up in twos, shared weight ratio is 1: 1-1: 1.5; Can also three or three combinations or four or four make up, shared weight ratio is 1: 1: 1-1: 1: 1.5 or 1: 1: 1: 1-1: 1.5: 1: 1.5.

Above element is prepared by the mentioned component proportioning, carry out melting, its smelting temperature is at 1100 ℃-1350 ℃; The atmosphere of melting has atmosphere, protection of inert gas or vacuum protection, and its smelting time is 0.5-1.5 hour; Carry out solution treatment in 2-3 hour at 930 ± 50 ℃ after the melting;

At room temperature carry out viscous deformation then, its machining deformation amount is 30-80%, pass through ageing treatment then, aging temperature is 430-500 ℃, handled 1.5-2 hour, and carried out viscous deformation again under chambers temp, its machining deformation amount is 30-80%, that viscous deformation processing processing means comprises is rolling, extruding, drawing, and total plastic property deflection working modulus is 70-90%.

According to above-mentioned prescription, obtain the copper alloy of high strength (570-650MPa), high conduction (75-80%IACS) by composition design, melting and cold processing technique.This alloy can be applicable to high-tech sector that electroconductibility and intensity are all had high requirements, can be electric power, electronics, industrial circle such as electric provides novel material, produces very big economic benefit.

Process characteristic of the present invention is, for described composition range, this alloy can the atmosphere melting, and after solution treatment, need not pass through forge hot or hot rolling, and only need directly carry out under the room temperature viscous deformation processing--timeliness--viscous deformation complete processing under the-room temperature.Through above-mentioned processing, the intensity of this alloy reaches 570-650MPa, and unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is at 75-80%IACS simultaneously.This with common alloy complete processing in need forge hot or course of hot rolling to compare, simplified complete processing.And, in the composition range of being given, can guarantee high intensity and specific conductivity simultaneously by above-mentioned complete processing.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment content of the present invention is described in further detail:

The embodiment of the invention one:

With copper is matrix, and the composition that adds in copper is 0.1% silver, 0.41% chromium, 0.05% cerium by the per-cent of gross weight, carries out melting, and its smelting temperature is at 1230 ℃, atmosphere melting in 0.5 hour.

Alloy through solution treatment (900 ℃, 120min) after.Rolling viscous deformation 30% under the room temperature.

After 1.5 hours, carry out 30% cold deformation processing 480 ℃ of temperature ageing treatment under the room temperature again.The intensity of this alloy can reach 570-620MPa.Unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is 80%IACS simultaneously.

The embodiment of the invention two:

With copper is matrix, and the composition that adds in copper is 0.14% silver, 0.52% chromium, 0.07% lanthanum by the per-cent of gross weight, carries out melting, and its smelting temperature is 1200 ℃ of scopes, the atmosphere melting of 1 hour time.

Alloy through solution treatment (880 ℃, 150min), viscous deformation at room temperature 35%.

After 2 hours, carry out 35% cold deformation processing 430 ℃ of temperature ageing treatment under the room temperature again.The intensity of this alloy can reach 575-630MPa.Unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is 79% IACS simultaneously.

The embodiment of the invention three:

With copper is matrix, and the composition that adds in copper is 0.07% silver, 0.55% chromium, 0.03% cerium, 0.02% lanthanum by the per-cent of gross weight, carries out melting, and its smelting temperature is at 1270 ℃, and the time is atmosphere melting in 1.5 hours.

Alloy through solution treatment (950 ℃, 150min) back room temperature under viscous deformation 45%.

After 1.5 hours, carry out 30% cold deformation processing 450 ℃ of temperature ageing treatment under the room temperature again.The intensity of this alloy can reach 590-640MPa.Unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is 78% IACS simultaneously.

The embodiment of the invention four:

With copper is matrix, and the composition that adds in copper is 0.07% silver, 0.65% chromium, 0.02% samarium by the per-cent of gross weight, carries out melting, and its smelting temperature is at 1260 ℃, the atmosphere melting of 1 hour time.

Alloy through solution treatment (960 ℃, 160min) back room temperature under viscous deformation 30%.

After 500 ℃ of temperature ageing treatment-2 hour, carry out 30% cold deformation processing under the room temperature again.Through above-mentioned processing, the intensity of this alloy reaches 580-650MPa.Unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is 77% IACS simultaneously.

The embodiment of the invention five:

With copper is matrix, and the composition that adds in copper is 0.12% silver, 0.62% chromium, 0.04% yttrium by the per-cent of gross weight, carries out melting, and its smelting temperature is 1300 ℃ of scopes, the atmosphere melting of 1.5 hours time.

Alloy through solution treatment (950 ℃, 170min) back room temperature under viscous deformation 30%.

Aging temperature is 430 ℃, and the time is 1.5 hours, carries out 45% cold deformation processing again under the room temperature.Through above-mentioned processing, the intensity of this alloy can reach 590-625MPa.Unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is 78% IACS simultaneously.

The embodiment of the invention six:

With copper is matrix, and the composition that adds in copper is 0.07% silver, 0.45% chromium, 0.01% cerium, 0.01% lanthanum, 0.015% yttrium by the per-cent of gross weight, carries out melting, and its smelting temperature is at 1275 ℃, 1.5 hours time, atmosphere melting.

Alloy through solution treatment (960 ℃, 100min) back room temperature under viscous deformation 35%.

Aging temperature is 470 ℃, and the time is 1.5 hours, carries out 35% cold deformation processing again under the room temperature.Through above-mentioned processing, the intensity of this alloy can reach 590-620MPa.Unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is 78% IACS simultaneously.

The embodiment of the invention seven:

With copper is matrix, the composition that adds in copper is that 0.07% silver, 0.51% chromium, 0.012% yttrium, 0.012% samarium, 0.02% cerium, 0.02% lanthanum carry out melting by the per-cent of gross weight, its smelting temperature is at 1350 ℃, the vacuum melting of 1 hour time.

Alloy through solution treatment (980 ℃, 180min) back room temperature under viscous deformation 45%.

Aging temperature is 460 ℃, and the time is 2 hours, carries out 35% cold deformation processing again under the room temperature.Through above-mentioned processing, the intensity of this alloy can reach 590-620MPa.Unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is 78% IACS simultaneously.

The embodiment of the invention eight

With copper is matrix, and the composition that adds in copper is that 0.07% silver, 0.43% chromium carry out melting by the per-cent of gross weight, and its smelting temperature is at 1285 ℃, the rare gas element melting of 1 hour time.

Alloy through solution treatment (930 ℃, 100min) back room temperature under viscous deformation 50%.

470 ℃ of ageing treatment are viscous deformation 30% under the room temperature again after 2 hours.Through above-mentioned processing, the intensity of this alloy can reach 580-615MPa.Unit elongation is not less than 5%, and specific conductivity is 80% IACS simultaneously.

Claims

1, a kind of high-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy, comprise copper, silver, chromium, mixed rare-earth elements, it is characterized in that, per-cent by gross weight is respectively: silver-colored 0.05%-0.15%, chromium 0.42%-0.64%, mixed rare-earth elements Re 0-0.09%, all the other are copper, and mixed rare-earth elements is meant cerium, yttrium, lanthanum, the samarium element.

2, high-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described silver or chromium are pure metal or are yellow gold or chromiumcopper; Wherein copper silver and chromiumcopper are meant the Kufil and the chromiumcopper that contains chromium 3-10% of argentiferous 0.5-15% by weight percentage.

3, high-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described mixed rare-earth elements Re is a cerium, yttrium, and lanthanum, samarium element, rare earth element can be a kind of elements, also can make up in twos, shared weight ratio is 1: 1-1: 1.5; Can also three or three combinations or four or four make up, shared weight ratio is 1: 1: 1-1: 1: 1.5 or 1: 1: 1: 1-1: 1.5: 1: 1.5.

4, a kind of preparation method of high-intensity high-conductivity copper alloy, it is characterized in that with silver-colored 0.05%-0.15%, chromium 0.42%-0.64%, mixed rare-earth elements Re 0-0.09%, all the other prepare for the copper proportioning, carry out melting, its smelting temperature is at 1100 ℃-1350 ℃; The atmosphere of melting is atmosphere, protection of inert gas or vacuum protection, and its smelting time is 0.5-1.5 hour; Carry out solution treatment in 2-3 hour at 930 ± 50 ℃ after the melting;

Viscous deformation at room temperature then, its machining deformation amount is 30-80%, pass through ageing treatment then, aging temperature is 430-500 ℃, handled 1.5-2 hour, and at room temperature carried out viscous deformation, its machining deformation amount is 30-80%, that viscous deformation processing processing means comprises is rolling, extruding, drawing, and total plastic property deflection working modulus is 70-90%.