CN1768178A - Acoustically effective nonwoven material for vehicle liners - Google Patents

Acoustically effective nonwoven material for vehicle liners Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1768178A
CN1768178A CNA2004800087156A CN200480008715A CN1768178A CN 1768178 A CN1768178 A CN 1768178A CN A2004800087156 A CNA2004800087156 A CN A2004800087156A CN 200480008715 A CN200480008715 A CN 200480008715A CN 1768178 A CN1768178 A CN 1768178A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
nonwoven
fibre
described nonwoven
fiber
microfiber
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CNA2004800087156A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
P·安德里格
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Autoneum Technologies AG
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Rieter Technologies AG
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Publication of CN1768178A publication Critical patent/CN1768178A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43838—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/06—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/68—Melt-blown nonwoven fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

An acoustically effective nonwoven for linings of motor vehicles comprises a porous fibrous skeleton made of coarse fibers. These coarse fibers comprise in particular staple fibers or spun-bonded fibers. A continuously changing weight quota of melted-on microfibrous material is foreseen in a front and/or rear surface region. This melted-on microfibrous material clings to the coarse fibers and bonds these in such a manner that the nonwoven has a predetermined airflow resistance and is stiffened at least in its surface region. The airflow resistance in the surface region has a value of between 200 - 60000 Nsm<-3>, in particular between 800 - 35000 Nsm<-3>, preferably between 1000 - 20000 Nsm<-3>, and mainly about 1400 Nsm<-3>. The bending stiffness of this fibrous nonwoven has a value of between 0.005 and 10 Nm, and in particular a value of between 0.25 and 6.0 Nm.

Description

The nonwoven material that is used for the acoustically effective of vehicle liner
The present invention relates to a kind of nonwoven material of the acoustically effective according to claim 1 preamble.
Nonwoven is just gradually by the auto industry extensive use, because the advantage of the sound absorbing capabilities that they have, particularly, such performance is to use the main purpose of the auto industry of lining, and according to the application of lining, described lining has different sound absorbing capabilities, in light weight, approach and be easy to shaping, still also stable, also be convenient to recycle in addition.Therefore wishing to use has realized that thereby a plurality of technical functionalitys have reduced the described lining that material cost is acquired an advantage simultaneously.
Known liner component for example is disclosed in the US-2001/0036788 publication or in the EP-0939007 publication, and all liner component all are composite constructions, has a plurality of independently layers, each independently layer realized different technical functionalitys.
Different material layers proved that producing such composite construction is relative complex, because must be produced in advance and be bonded to each other subsequently.In addition, As time goes on these composite constructions tend to and layering.Need be by the effort that adhesive sheet and/or point offset this layering very big and make production process expensive more.
Therefore target of the present invention provides a kind of nonwoven with acoustically effective that is used to automobile to make lining, and this lining does not have the shortcoming of known elements.Particularly, target of the present invention is to provide a kind of porous nonwoven, and this nonwoven has performance enhancing and sound absorption properties that be easy to adjust and dimensionally stable.Simultaneously, this nonwoven should be in light weight and thin, should be durable and is convenient to recycle.
By a kind of nonwoven with feature of claim 1 is provided, particularly, a kind of nonwoven of acoustically effective is provided, the present invention has realized above-mentioned target, described nonwoven has predetermined air flow resistance and shape stability, contains fiber reinforcement, and this fiber reinforcement comprises support or crude fibre, microfiber is joined in the described skeleton, thereby be completely melted to the small part microfiber.This has guaranteed that this nonwoven is hard at its surf zone, described surf zone on half of the thickness of nonwoven, be preferably in thickness 1/3rd on extend and guarantee that this nonwoven has the predetermined air flow resistance.Therefore, the technical performance of the different needs of nonwoven of the present invention realizes by introduce of the same type or dissimilar microfibers in the surf zone of predetermined fiber reinforcement.Therefore, lining of the present invention does not contain independently layer but has the weight quota that is introduced in the micro fibre material in this fiber reinforcement that continuously changes.
The present invention has used known method of production, for example described in the DE-10044694.This publication has disclosed the production such as the nonwoven that is used for soft and wiping towel tension.This production method requires by fluid power entanglement method one deck spun-bonded fibre to be joined in another layer melt blown fiber.
In addition, EP-0418493 has disclosed a kind of two layers of nonwoven as trousers lining or disposable napkin, their single layer is connected to each other by guiding thin water-jet to flow in the certain layer, make with pars fibrosa ground from this directly the bump layer enter into other layers, pull connection thereby produced anti-tear between described two layers.
The supatex fabric of Sheng Chaning is used in individual or the domestic hygiene articles for use usually like this, generally is not particularly suitable for stable i.e. oneself and supports the vehicle liner of (self supporting) or the automobile component of acoustically effective.Especially, in these known nonwovens, fine fibre distributes in whole fiber reinforcement (rag) very equably or almost twists with the fingers together in the mutual surface of this independent stratum (cleaning towel).
With above-mentioned different, according to the present invention, all microfibers are completely transported in this surf zone, promptly contain coarse-fibred fiber reinforcement thickness less than in half.The degree of depth of this surf zone defines the degree of depth of this surf zone below by the penetration depth decision of microfiber by the average penetration depth that counts.From statistics, the weight quota of the micro fibre material in this surf zone for example constantly reduces along with the degree of depth continuously changes.
Therefore, (promptly has the 0.01-1.0dtex number by containing microfiber in the setting of the top of the nonwoven of making by fibrous skeleton, the fiber of best 0.1-0.6dtex number) nonwoven carries out the production of this nonwoven, and the back is also referred to as fiber reinforcement with described fibrous skeleton.The selection of described fibrous material should make the fusion temperature of this fibrous skeleton be higher than described microfiber.Subsequently, many small water jets point to microfiber and make the fiber of microfiber nonwoven reverse around the crude fibre of fiber reinforcement under high pressure.At drying stage subsequently, the thermal current that the nonwoven that is rich in microfiber for example points to this nonwoven by thermal source is subjected to the effect of uniform temperature, under this temperature, the fiber of this microfiber nonwoven is melted at least from the teeth outwards-but preferably be melted fully-after described heat treatment, this fibrous skeleton is connected in the surf zone of this nonwoven and hardens.
Described production method can be modified, and makes described microfiber be melted by other thermals source, for example from the radiant heat of micro-wave oven, and Contact Heating or by vapours or the heating of other hot fluids.Duration and the temperature of these thermals source on described nonwoven determined by the technical staff.
Therefore the product that this method is produced is characterised in that, fiber reinforcement, and the front of this fiber reinforcement and/or posterior face zone comprise the changing weight quota of the micro fibre material of fusing.Be called coarse-fibred fibrous skeleton in the back and have, be preferably in the fineness of 6-7dtex greater than 1dtex.Suitable fibrous skeleton is spun-bonded fibre and a staple fibre for no reason.These fibers can have suitable polymers to make or comprise mineral fibres, particularly glass fibre, metal fibre or natural fabric.In a preferred embodiment, the area weight that has of this fiber reinforcement is 20-150g/m 2This area weight is determined as requested by the technical staff and can have about 800g/m 2Area weight.The crude fibre of being made by polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used in the preferred embodiment of this fiber reinforcement.
Micro fibre material by adding fusing particularly average diameter is that 2-8 micrometer fibers, length are the melt blown fiber material of 2-80 millimeter, desired nonwoven in its surf zone by reinforced.Length according to fiber, shown that it is favourable before transportation described microfiber being shortened to fiber reinforcement (being undertaken by the method that fluid power tangles), the material of the microfiber of these fusings perhaps also is positioned at single crude fibre long filament place mainly at this coarse-fibred tie point place.According to the present invention, these deposits are the share that continuously changes according to statistics and reduce at depth direction at the surf zone of this nonwoven.In described preferred embodiment, this melting fiber total area weight is approximately 5-50g/m 2(the approximately 10-30% of the area weight of this fiber reinforcement), this material are copolymerization PET Co-PET.Be rich in still porous and the gas-flow resistance that determined this whole nonwoven basically of surf zone (about 5-35% of the gross thickness of nonwoven of the present invention is 50% to the maximum) of the micro fibre material of fusing.Nonwoven of the present invention is to set up like this: after the shaping pressing steps, gas-flow resistance is 200Nsm -3＜Rt＜60000Nsm -3, particularly at 800-35000Nsm -3, be preferably in 1000-20000Nsm -3, be mainly about 1400Nsm -3
In addition, cause the roughly sclerosis of this fiber reinforcement in its surf zone, make that nonwoven of the present invention is that the oneself supports in the accumulation of the micro fibre material on this crude fibre.Particularly by having fibrous skeleton greater than 1dtex, be called crude fibre below, nonwoven, and use above-mentioned fluid power entanglement method in conjunction with melting method, stability that can obtain to strengthen and shape intensity, because on the one hand this crude fibre reversing seldom causes reinforcement certain in surf zone, thereby the fiber material adhesive that drips the shape fusing on the other hand hardens these crude fibres to this crude fibre and when it solidifies, has particularly strengthened tie point.The combination of the mechanism of these sclerosis causes the bending hardness of the expectation of nonwoven of the present invention, promptly causes being strengthened and the self-nonwoven that supports by the shape that auto industry is used.
Be combined in the inner coarse-fibred significant elasticity of this nonwoven and pliability and constantly change hardness in the surf zone and cause high acoustically effective parts.These parts play sound absorption spring-quality mechanical system, and the quality of this system is replaced by the hardened material of the porous in the surf zone.By such Absorption System, the inevitable resonance characteristics of conventional spring-quality mechanical system can be remedied or be avoided.
Yet the application of its expectation is depended in the special design that should be appreciated that nonwoven of the present invention.Therefore, can there be perforate the anterior side of nonwoven of the present invention, and the rear side of this nonwoven is a breathable simultaneously.
Can also use a kind of microfiber nonwoven material, this microfiber nonwoven material is by having variable fineness, and the melt blown fiber of the melt blown fiber of different melting points or their combination is made.Can adjust the bump of the microjet of the water that passes to microfiber in addition, promptly adjust pressure and duration, make that the penetration depth of microfiber of these a kind of or other types is controlled.Can provide a kind of nonwoven like this: it has sticking nonwoven surface after heat-treating, the microfiber that should sticking nonwoven surface comprises partial melting, this nonwoven allow another standard nonwoven or nonwoven of the present invention bonding with it.The use that should be understood that suitable microfiber mixture allows the gas-flow resistance in surf zone easily to be adjusted.
Advantage of the present invention will be clearly below to those skilled in the art.Particularly, the combination that is used in the known production method in the other field allows to produce and is well-suited for the nonwoven that automobile is made lining, and this nonwoven has the predetermined air flow resistance and still do not have independently layer with the bending hardness that needs.The possibility that acquisition is suitable as the nonwoven of vehicle liner is surprising, and this nonwoven has hard surf zone and is integrated into the zone that being used in this surf zone produces the predetermined air flow resistance.Nonwoven produced according to the invention is thin especially, promptly also is lightweight and can be easy to be adjusted, and can be designed so that promptly it has predetermined hardness and selectable sound absorption efficiency.Verified nonwoven of the present invention has even special advantage that can layering after long-time a large amount of the use.Remove the durability that risk of delamination causes the increase of nonwoven of the present invention.In addition, nonwoven of the present invention can be made and had all performances that is used for the Hyundai Motor lining by a kind of material only.Therefore, the material components that nonwoven of the present invention can be done to be integral allows to abandon at an easy rate or recycle.
For clear, do not have to distinguish endless filament yarn or fiber below with certain-length, term " fiber " comprise above both.For the technical staff, the general expression of this term " microfiber " has 0.01-1.0tex, preferably 0.1-0.6dtex, the normally melt blown fiber of 0.2dtex.Crude fibre herein should have greater than 1.0dtex and/or also comprise such as sisal hemp, coir, bark, perhaps glass fibre, metal fibre or mineral fibres.
Other preferred embodiments of nonwoven of the present invention have the feature of dependent claims.
Below, by embodiment and the present invention of accompanying drawing more detailed description of demonstration.
Fig. 1 shows the method for producing nonwoven of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the enlarged drawing of the regional A of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 a-3d shows the physical property of nonwoven of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the amplifier section of nonwoven of the present invention; With
Fig. 5 shows the further improved production method of nonwoven of the present invention.
In order to produce according to nonwoven 1 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, coarse fiber nonwoven 2 is coated with microfibril layer.This thick nonwoven 2 preferably comprises the spun-bonded fibre that polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is made, and has greater than 1.0dtex.This coarse fiber nonwoven is used as fiber reinforcement and has the slinky spring performance of sound absorption spring mass system and have good recovery capability.This fiber reinforcement can have 20-800g/m 2Area weight and the most handy PET material make.Be appreciated that this skeleton can also comprise natural fabric, glass fibre, metal fibre and mineral fibres.In the present embodiment, this nonwoven that is capped has been subjected to the effect of so-called fluid power entanglement method, and this method is transported to surf zone 4 with the microjet 5 of microfibril layer by water of deposition.Term used herein " surf zone " has defined the zone of the nonwoven that comprises micro fibre material and extend between 1/3rd thickness of this whole nonwoven and 1/2nd thickness.In this process, this microfiber slides and centers on these fibrous skeletons along this fibrous skeleton oneself is wrapped up, and the contact that perhaps preferably centers on this fiber reinforcement reverses.These microfibers have 0.01-1.0dtex, and preferably 0.1-0.6dtex is generally 0.2dtex, is preferably also made by PET or Co-PET.This method allow the penetration depth of this microfiber controlled and guaranteed these introducings microfiber weight quota selectively continuous distributed in the surf zone of this fiber reinforcement, particularly in continuous changeable mode; The gradient that this means the weight quota of the described micro fibre material that is introduced into can selectedly be adjusted.The fiber reinforcement 2 of Chu Liing is subjected to drying and heat treated subsequently like this, particularly be transferred by handling station, handle station at this, the micro fibre material that is incorporated in the surf zone 4 of this fiber reinforcement 2 is melted by other heating arrangements 6 of hot-air or some.Passing after this handles station, the shape of this microfiber 3 is changed and is drops, thereby crude fibre is connected to together in the zone in tie point particularly or crosspoint, thereby strengthens the fiber reinforcement in these zones.Produce the nonwoven of the dimensionally stable of porous like this, promptly can produce the shaped member of oneself's support of acoustically effective, for example be used for Hyundai Motor industry.Should be understood that the sound absorbing capabilities of this nonwoven and hardness can by the fineness of the variation of fibrous material and distribution and/or fiber and/share of selected fiber determines.
The part A of Fig. 1 is shown in Figure 2.From this figure, see clearly how the material 7 of this shape fusing is deposited on the crude fibre 8 of this fiber reinforcement 2, cause the sclerosis of nonwoven in zone 4.
Fig. 3 a illustrates the relation between the different performance of nonwoven 1 of the present invention.Nonwoven 1 shown in the letter has 3 zones: microporous surface region 4; Elastic center zone 19; With ventilative bottom section 10.This bottom section 10 produces in a similar manner with surf zone 4 but their melted on microfibrous material can have different weight quota and different penetration depths.
Fig. 3 b shows the curve map of the current rate Rt value of the depth d that depends on nonwoven of the present invention.The characteristic value of the current rate in surf zone 4 is at 500-5000Nsm -3, in central area 19, these values are approximately 200Nsm -3, be 200-10000Nsm in bottom section 10 -3Between or higher.
The curve map of Fig. 3 c illustrates the relation of this bending hardness B and depth d.This bending hardness roughly depend on fusing micro fibre material weight quota and in this surf zone the density of fiber.In this example, at the slope of microporous surface region 4 less than slope at ventilative bottom section 10.In nonwoven of the present invention, the value that is used for bending hardness can change between 0.0005-10.5Nm; Particularly these values are between 0.025-6.0Nm.
Fig. 3 d shows the dnesity index K of different fibers and melting fiber material.Curve a illustrates and is used for spunbond or coarse-fibred density value, because the effect of this fluid power entanglement process, these fibers are present in this surf zone with higher density.Curve b illustrates the Density Distribution of melted on microfibrous material and its weight quota is shown has the curve that continuously changes.The slope of this fibrous material depends on the duration and the hydraulic pressure of this fluid power entanglement process.The ratio of crude fibre and microfiber is in 3: 1 scopes.Curve c shows the share of the melt blown fiber in the surf zone that is introduced in this nonwoven but this melt blown fiber is not melted.Can regulate this gas-flow resistance especially by these melt blown fibers.These unfused fibers are to have 0.01-1.0dtex particularly to comprise polyester, polyester copolymer, polyamide, polypropylene or similar synthetic material, the preferably melt blown fiber of PET or Co-PET.
Fig. 4 letter illustrates the microscopic view of nonwoven of the present invention.This figure is clear to be shown porous fibre skeleton that crude fibre 8 makes and how to be filled with melted on microfibrous material 7 and melted on microfibrous material 9 not.Directly be significantly higher than the weight quota of the melting fiber in the inside of this surf zone 4 in the weight quota of this melting fiber of this surface underneath.This non-melt microfiber distribution in this zone also is clearly shown that.The formation of micropore hardened layer in the surf zone of this fiber reinforcement is important for nonwoven of the present invention.
Should be understood that nonwoven 1 of the present invention can make up with other nonwoven of the same type so that the parts that acquisition has specific serviceability.Such production technology is illustrated by letter in Fig. 5.In this technology, the nonwoven 11,12 of different designs has been subjected to the effect (station 13) of known fluid power entanglement process so that obtain different intermediate products 14,15,16,17, they with suitable manner by stacked and linked together by known Technology for Heating Processing 18.
Very clear to those skilled in the art nonwoven of the present invention can be provided with ventilative decorative layer or be provided with ventilative and/or water impermeable foil.What be particularly suitable for decorative layer is weaving layer, knitted fabric, fabric, decorative nonwovens and/or froth bed.

Claims (12)

1. the nonwoven (1) that is used for the acoustically effective of vehicle liner, comprise the porous fibre skeleton of making by crude fibre (8) (2), particularly including staple fibre or spun-bonded fibre, described fiber reinforcement (2) has the micro fibre material of fusing at front surface area and/or back surface area (4,10) weight quota that continuously changes in, described melted on microfibrous material (7) is connected to that this crude fibre (8) is gone up and these crude fibres is connected and makes described nonwoven (1) have the predetermined air flow resistance and at least at its surf zone (4,10) hardened with predetermined bending hardness in, make this nonwoven oneself support.
2. nonwoven according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this crude fibre (8) has the number greater than 1dtex, particularly at 1-35dtex, is preferably the number of 6-17dtex.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described nonwovens, it is characterized in that this crude fibre (8) is a spun-bonded fibre and by polyester, polypropylene or polyamide are made, and are preferably made by polyethylene terephthalate.
4. according to each described nonwoven among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described nonwoven (1) comprises unfused microfiber (9).
5. nonwoven according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the microfiber of described fusing (9) has the number of 0.01-1.0dtex, and the best number of 0.1-0.8dtex is generally the number of about 0.2dtex.
6. according to each described nonwoven among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, this micro fibre material (7) is the melt blown fiber material, particularly by polyester, copolymerization-polyester, polyamide, copolymerization-polyamide, polypropylene, copolymerization-polypropylene etc. are made, and are preferably made by polyethylene terephthalate or copolymerization-polyethylene terephthalate.
7. according to each described nonwoven among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that the fusing point that described crude fibre (8) has is higher than the fusing point of this micro fibre material (7).
8. according to each described nonwoven among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that the gas-flow resistance in the surf zone (4) of this fiber non-woven thing (1) is 200-60000Nsm -3, particularly at 800-35000Nsm -3, be preferably in 1000-20000Nsm -3, mainly be about 1400Nsm -3
9. according to each described nonwoven among the claim 1-8, it is characterized in that the bending hardness (B) of this fiber non-woven thing (1) is 0.005-10Nm, particularly between 0.025-6.0Nm.
10. according to each described nonwoven among the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that described nonwoven and another nonwoven combination at least.
11., it is characterized in that described nonwoven is provided with air-permeable layer according to each described nonwoven among the claim 1-10.
12., it is characterized in that described nonwoven is provided with decorative layer according to each described nonwoven among the claim 1-11.
CNA2004800087156A 2003-03-31 2004-03-30 Acoustically effective nonwoven material for vehicle liners Pending CN1768178A (en)

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EP1611275A1 (en) 2006-01-04
MXPA05010486A (en) 2005-11-16

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