CN1746478A - IC engine with oxygen jet in cylinder and oxygen-enriched combustion control - Google Patents
IC engine with oxygen jet in cylinder and oxygen-enriched combustion control Download PDFInfo
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- CN1746478A CN1746478A CN 200510107741 CN200510107741A CN1746478A CN 1746478 A CN1746478 A CN 1746478A CN 200510107741 CN200510107741 CN 200510107741 CN 200510107741 A CN200510107741 A CN 200510107741A CN 1746478 A CN1746478 A CN 1746478A
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Abstract
This is an invention of an inside cylinder oxygen injection internal combustion engine and its oxygen rich combustion control method. On each cylinder's combustion chamber installs at least one oxygen rich inlet port, the outlet of the port links to the combustion chamber, and the inlet of the port links to the outlet of a back flow valve, the inlet of the back flow valve links to the main pipe of the oxygen rich supply. The main pipe links to an oxygen generation device. By controlling the open and close of the port, injecting oxygen rich gas during the stage of inspiration or gas exchange, compressing, combustion to increase the fuel's combustion and so increase power output and decrease the exhaustion of NOx, CH, PM. This inversion consumes only 30% of oxygen rich gas of traditional engine under the same oxygen level. The oxygen generation device is of small size, light in weight, low energy consumption and low cost. It can be used in any kinds of two strokes and four strokes internal combustion engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, particularly a kind of in cylinder the explosive motor and the oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method thereof of extra injection oxygen-rich gas.
Background technique
In modern society, no matter be diesel oil or petrol engine, its burning is all insufficient, has caused severe contamination to atmosphere environment, has caused the too fast consumption of limited petroleum resources, makes the mankind face serious energy crisis.Energy saving, to build a conservation-minded society and protect environment be the key subjects that prime mover industry faces.Yet, any explosive motor all burns fuel and the airborne oxygen mix of suction and does work, oxygen content only has 21% in the air, all the other 79% are nitrogen and a spot of other gas, inoperative to burning, cause explosive motor from being born once be in work under " oxygen deprivation " state always, it is insufficient to burn, fuel economy is poor, the exhaust emission height.Explosive motor industry sucks in the gas 21% oxygen for making full use of, many effort and exploration have been carried out, traditional technology has developed into very meticulous degree, but also is faced with the huge challenge of more and more higher emission standard and the new dual restriction of fuel consumption standard of putting into effect.
Progress and industrialized ripe application the along with the air-separating oxygen-making technology make the explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting become possibility.Many scientific workers have jumped out the traditional thinking that utilizes 21% oxygen content in the air, look for another way, and have carried out a large amount of explosive motors that makes and have sucked oxygen-rich gas and the research and the experimentation work of energy oxygen-enriched combusting.So-called oxygen-rich gas is meant that oxygen content surpasses the oxygen-enriched air (comprising pure oxygen) that contains 21% oxygen amount in the natural air.The data-searching of carrying out according to the claimant, the representative patent application case of Chinese patent application wherein comprises: " oxygen-rich combustion method for engine (publication number CN1299924; open day 2001/06/20) " and " explosive motor bleeding and energy saving method (publication number CN1499070A, open day 2004/05/26) ".Make engine oxygen-enriched method can be divided into two kinds in these patents: a kind of is that the air-separating oxygen-making link is sealed in the engine air filter admission line afterwards, and the gas that motor is sucked all is oxygen-rich gas (being designated hereinafter simply as the method for sealing in); Another kind is that air-separating oxygen-making link oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet is connected on the engine air filter admission line afterwards, and the gas that motor sucks is the natural air and the mixed gas (be designated hereinafter simply as and incorporate method into) of making the oxygen-rich gas of oxygen link by oneself from air-strainer.In these two kinds of methods, the latter is littler than the former consumption of oxygen-rich gas.But the volume and weight of required system oxygen link is still too big, and the consumption of oxygen-rich gas is big, and therefore the energy consumption height is difficult to flexible Application on various motors.On the other hand, all only merely pay attention to making engine oxygen-enriched combustion in these patents, with the abundant burning of promotion fuel, thereby the discharging of reduction CO, CH, PM material improves fuel economy.But under the condition of oxygen-enriched combusting, make NO
XThe problem that increases considerably is unresolved.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency at above-mentioned prior art existence, an object of the present invention is, the explosive motor of spray oxygen in a kind of cylinder is provided, this explosive motor adopts increases at least one intake oxygen enrichment door on existing explosive motor firing chamber, to the in-cylinder combustion chamber of explosive motor extra injection oxygen-rich gas (spray oxygen method in hereinafter to be referred as cylinder), fuel is more fully burnt by this intake oxygen enrichment door.Reduce the consumption of oxygen-rich gas simultaneously, thereby reduce volume, weight, cost and the energy consumption of system oxygen link.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for the injection oxygen-rich gas of the explosive motor of spray oxygen in a kind of above-mentioned cylinder and the controlling method of oxygen-enriched combusting process, to reduce NO in the explosive motor simultaneously
X, CO, CH, PM discharging.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
The explosive motor of spray oxygen in a kind of cylinder, comprise existing internal combustion, it is characterized in that, in each combustion chamber of air cylinder of described explosive motor, increase at least one intake oxygen enrichment door, the outlet of this intake oxygen enrichment door and firing chamber UNICOM, the outlet of the import of intake oxygen enrichment door and a check valve links, and the import of check valve is connected on the intake oxygen enrichment house steward; The oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of this intake oxygen enrichment house steward and oxygen generating plant links.
The method that the explosive motor of spray oxygen sprays oxygen-rich gas in the above-mentioned cylinder, it is characterized in that, this method increases at least one intake valve in each combustion chamber of air cylinder of existing internal combustion, the outlet of the intake valve that is increased and firing chamber UNICOM are equipped with oxygen generating plant and supply with oxygen-rich gas to the intake valve that is increased; By the open and close of the intake valve that increased of control, spray oxygen-rich gas by oxygen generating plant to combustion chamber of air cylinder in a certain period in explosive motor air inlet or ventilation, compression, combustion process.
Spray oxygen explosive motor can spray oxygen-rich gas to the firing chamber in the arbitrary period in the air inlet of existing internal combustion, compression, the combustion process in the cylinder of the present invention, and injection method is versatile and flexible, and spray oxygen amount is controlled easily.Especially carry out oxygen-rich gas in the compression after existing air inlet of explosive motor (four-stroke) or the end of ventilation (two-stroke) process, the combustion process and spray, do not reduce the injection amount of natural air under the existing air inlet of explosive motor (or ventilation) mode.Finish on the basis of existing air inlet and additionally spray into oxygen-rich gas again, make to reach in the cylinder under the equal oxygen enrichment situation, the demand of oxygen-rich gas is than the method that seals in of prior art and to incorporate method into all little.For example, adopting production concentration is the oxygen generating plant of 30% oxygen-rich gas, finish the back to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas in existing normal air inlet of explosive motor or gas exchange process, make relative Rich Oxygen Amount in the cylinder (ratio of amount of oxygen and displacement volume in the cylinder) reach at 25% o'clock, the oxygen-rich gas consumption of spray oxygen method only is to incorporate 30% of method in the cylinder, and is littler than the method for sealing in.Thereby volume, weight, energy consumption, the cost of system oxygen link are reduced significantly, conveniently on various types of explosive motors, use.
Adopt the controlling method of the explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting process of spray oxygen in the cylinder of the present invention, can be in the arbitrary period in the air inlet of explosive motor (or ventilation), compression, the combustion process, to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas, spray oxygen time and spray oxygen amount all can be adjusted and be controlled flexibly.The spray oxygen method that this is flexible and changeable combines with different fuel feeding methods (being different mixed gas generation types), the different controlling methods of catching fire, and can form the multiple method that the engine oxygen-enriched combustion process is controlled.Promote perfect combustion, improve the power character and the fuel economy of explosive motor, and reduce NO simultaneously
X, pollutants such as CO, CH, PM discharging, administer the exhaust emission of explosive motor from the source.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the present of invention, adopts plate type membrane component or the rolled membrane module oxygen generating plant when negative-pressure operation and the schematic diagram of explosive motor combination;
Fig. 2 is an alternative embodiment of the invention, adopts the oxygen generating plant of hollow fiber membrane module and the schematic diagram of explosive motor combination;
Fig. 3 is a kind of variation of embodiment 1, promptly adopts plate type membrane component or the rolled membrane module oxygen generating plant under positive pressure operation and the schematic diagram of explosive motor combination;
Fig. 4 is another embodiment of the present invention, adopts the schematic diagram of THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE and explosive motor combination.
The label that wherein relates to is represented respectively: 1, air-strainer, 2, ventilator, 3, board-like or rolled membrane module, 4, the denitrogen mouth, 5, vacuum pump, 6, the voltage stabilizing gas holder, 7, check valve, 8, intake valve, 9, exhaust valve, 10, the intake oxygen enrichment door, 11, piston, 12, cylinder, 13, the oxygen-rich gas intake manifold, 14, gas compressor, 21, compressor, 22, hollow fiber film assembly, 23, the pressure transducer of oxygen-rich gas, 24, the concentration sensor of oxygen-rich gas, the temperature transducer of 25 oxygen-rich gass, 26 electromagnetism spray oxygen valve, 27, the flow transducer of oxygen-rich gas, 31, first suction valve of adsorption tower, 33, second suction valve of adsorption tower, 32, first atmospheric valve of adsorption tower, 34, second atmospheric valve of adsorption tower, 35 first adsorption towers, 36 second adsorption towers, 37, first outlet valve of oxygen-rich gas, 38, second outlet valve of the oxygen-rich gas of adsorption tower.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment that accompanying drawing and inventor provide.
Embodiment
Technological scheme of the present invention is narrated according to explosive motor, explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method three partial contents of spray oxygen in spray oxygen method, the cylinder in the cylinder.
Spray oxygen method in the cylinder: a kind of method to explosive motor in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas, in every combustion chamber of air cylinder of existing explosive motor, increasing at least one intake valve (can be the intake valve of prior art, also solenoid valve or electronics valve), the inner UNICOM in the outlet of the intake valve that is increased and firing chamber, be equipped with oxygen generating plant and supply with oxygen-rich gas to the intake valve that is increased, by opening to this intake valve, close control, in explosive motor air inlet (four-stroke) or ventilation (two-stroke) process, spray oxygen-rich gas to the firing chamber in a certain period in compression process and the combustion process.The injection period difference of oxygen-rich gas, the technique effect that brings is also inequality, and this point partly is described in detail oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method below.Here said air inlet is meant the process that four-stroke ic engine sucks air that has now, and ventilation is meant the gas exchange process (down together) of existing two-stroke internal combustion engine.
Use spray oxygen method in the cylinder, in every combustion chamber of air cylinder of four-stroke ic engine, increase spray oxygen explosive motor in the cylinder that intake valve constituted, be equivalent to one two and advance a three valve explosive motor that outes, wherein the normal intake valve that intake valve is existing explosive motor injects natural air in the intake process of existing explosive motor; The oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of another intake valve and oxygen generating plant links, to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas.In the combustion chamber of air cylinder of a two-stroke internal combustion engine, increase at least one intake valve, its outlet and UNICOM of combustion chamber of air cylinder, the oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of its import and oxygen generating plant links, and by controlling the open and close of the suction valve that is increased, can spray oxygen-rich gas to the firing chamber.Below, take into account two-stroke internal combustion engine and carry out the principle narration all based on four-stroke ic engine.According to spray oxygen method in the above-mentioned cylinder, can constitute the explosive motor of the interior spray of the cylinder oxygen of following 3 kinds of forms at least.
The form 1 of the explosive motor of spray oxygen in the cylinder:
This motor is in every combustion chamber of air cylinder of existing explosive motor, install the intake valve (hereinafter referred to as the intake oxygen enrichment door) of at least one prior art additional, UNICOM in the outlet of intake oxygen enrichment door and the combustion chamber of air cylinder, the import of intake oxygen enrichment door is connected with the outlet of a check valve, the import of each check valve is connected to an oxygen-rich gas intake manifold, and the oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of this oxygen-rich gas intake manifold and oxygen generating plant links.
Adjust the switching moment of intake oxygen enrichment door, the injection of control oxygen-rich gas in cylinder.Check valve is used to prevent scurrying of under part operating mode gas in the jar.By oxygen generating plant production the oxygen-rich gas of pressure is arranged, the height of its pressure opens in-cylinder pressure decision in the period according to the intake oxygen enrichment door of being adjusted.The pressure of oxygen-rich gas will be higher than the pressure in the cylinder when spraying (existing four-stroke ic engine part in-cylinder pressure constantly sees the following form).The straying quatity of oxygen-rich gas opens the length of period and oxygen-rich gas pressure and intake oxygen enrichment door by the intake oxygen enrichment door and opens that the pressure reduction of in-cylinder pressure is determined in the period.
The oxygen-rich gas intake manifold is the bifurcated pipe more than that oxygen-rich gas is assigned to each cylinder, can save (down together) under the single cylinder situation.
The constantly existing four-stroke ic engine in-cylinder pressure tabulation of part
| When air inlet finishes | When compression finishes | The combustion process maximum pressure | |
| Petrol engine | 0.75～0.85P o | 0.85～2.0 | 3～5MPa |
| Naturally aspirated Diesel | 0.85～0.95 | 3～ | 6～8MPa |
| Supercharged diesel engine | 0.9～0.95 | 5～7.5 | 7～14MPa |
(in the above-mentioned tabulation: P
oThe expression normal atmosphere (An); Pk represents outlet pressure of the booster)
The form 2 of the explosive motor of spray oxygen in the cylinder:
This motor is in every combustion chamber of air cylinder of existing EFI explosive motor, install at least one intake oxygen enrichment door additional, UNICOM in the outlet of intake oxygen enrichment door and the combustion chamber of air cylinder, the outlet of the import of intake oxygen enrichment door and a check valve links, the import of each check valve is connected to an oxygen-rich gas intake manifold, the oxygen-rich gas intake manifold links with the oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of oxygen generating plant again, pressure, concentration, temperature, the flow sensor signal of the oxygen-rich gas of oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet is inserted the central processing unit (CPU) of fuel electric spraying control unit.
Adjust the switching moment of intake oxygen enrichment door, control is to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas.Check valve is used to prevent scurrying of under part operating mode gas in the jar.After the pressure of oxygen-rich gas, concentration, temperature, flow sensor signal insert the fuel electric spraying control unit, the injection of other duty parameter situation control fuel of having introduced in amount of oxygen that the central processing unit (CPU) of fuel EFI unit sucks according to explosive motor (the oxygen amount sum of promptly existing air inlet and intake oxygen enrichment) and the prior art.Here said fuel EFI comprises all EFI modes (down together) such as in-cylinder direct injection in the prior art, the preceding multi-point injection of intake valve, intake manifold's single-point discharge.
Spray oxygen explosive motor form 3 in the cylinder: be in every combustion chamber of air cylinder of existing fuel EFI explosive motor, install at least one electromagnetism spray oxygen valve additional, UNICOM in the outlet of electromagnetism spray oxygen valve and the firing chamber, the import of every electromagnetism spray oxygen valve is connected to an oxygen-rich gas intake manifold, the oxygen-rich gas intake manifold is connected with the oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of oxygen generating plant again, pressure with the oxygen-rich gas of oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet, concentration, temperature, flow sensor signal inserts the central processing unit (CPU) of fuel electric spraying control unit, expands the electromagnetism spray oxygen valve of the every cylinder of one tunnel SC sigmal control from central processing unit (CPU).
Electromagnetism spray oxygen valve comes down to a solenoid valve or electronics valve, and its control can be controlled in the lump by the central processing unit (CPU) of the fuel electric spray control system that has explosive motor now.The existing fuel electric spray control system of explosive motor is a microcomputer, its effect is with the signal input central control unit of oxygen content, throttle position or foot treadle position, detonation sensor in the rotating speed of explosive motor, cylinder air air inflow, intake temperature, coolant water temperature, crank position, the tail gas, accurately controls fuel injection amount according to the operating mode of explosive motor.Its central processing unit (CPU) has very strong expansion capacity, after sensor signals such as the concentration of oxygen-rich gas, temperature, pressure, flow are inserted central processing unit (CPU), combine with the measurement signal of explosive motor duty parameter in the prior art, and according to the target component of desiring to make the explosive motor oxygen enrichment of having adjusted (spray oxygen period, spray oxygen amount), from central processing unit (CPU), expand control signal to electromagnetism spray oxygen valve, control the open and close of every electromagnetism spray oxygen valve, realize dual control fuel EFI and oxygen-rich gas injection.The control of electromagnetism spray oxygen valve also can be provided with special control system and control, and its control principle is identical, but makes control system complicated easily.
In above-mentioned three kinds of cylinders the existing explosive motor described in the explosive motor of spray oxygen be meant all two, four-stroke various explosive motors.
In above-mentioned three kinds of motors supporting oxygen generating plant, can adopt the air-separating oxygen-making equipment of extensive use in the existing chemical industry.At present, the air-separating oxygen-making equipment that can adopt on motor has membrane separating oxygen generating plant and THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE two big classes, and they produce oxygen-rich gas by separating natural air.The membrane separating oxygen generating plant is divided into three kinds again: adopt the oxygen generating plant (can produce maximum concentration be 50% oxygen-rich gas) of hollow fiber film assembly, plate type membrane component oxygen generating plant and rolled membrane module (all can produce the oxygen-rich gas of maximum concentration 31%) oxygen generating plant.The pressure swing adsorption method oxygen generating plant is divided into two kinds of normal pressure desorption method (PSA method) and vacuum desorption method (VPSA method) oxygen generating plants again, but the oxygen-rich gas of general production concentration 95%.These several oxygen generating plants all can match with the explosive motor of spray oxygen in above-mentioned 3 kinds of cylinders.The concentration of the oxygen-rich gas of producing, pressure swing adsorption method system oxygen concentration is the highest, and the concentration of hollow fiber film assembly is placed in the middle, and the concentration of board-like film and rolled membrane module is minimum.For explosive motor, when producing equal degree of enrichment in the cylinder, the concentration of the oxygen-rich gas that sprays into is high more, and the nitrogen content that sprays in the gas is just low more, the energy density of explosive motor is just high more, and the compression ratio of explosive motor just can correspondingly improve and increase the thermal efficiency.Thus, should select the high oxygen generating plant of oxygen-rich concentration.But the pressure swing adsorption method oxygen generating plant of generation high concentration oxygen-rich gas is compared with embrane method, and the volume and weight of equipment is big, cost is higher, should be supporting with large combustion engines such as heavy truck, boats and ships.The embrane method oxygen generating plant, volume is little, in light weight, and technology is simple, is fit to small-sized explosive motor supporting.The hollow fiber film assembly oxygen-rich concentration is higher than board-like and rolling, but price also is higher than board-like and rolling.So choosing of oxygen generating plant should comprehensively be determined according to the concrete condition and the oxygen enrichment target of explosive motor in conjunction with These characteristics.
Above-mentioned several air-separating oxygen-making method and apparatus all is prior aries, and concrete working principle is introduced in conjunction with the preferred forms of back.The oxygen generating plant that also has above-mentioned several method for producing oxygen through to make up mutually in the practical application in industry.
Explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method:
So-called explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method, be meant the injection period of in the air inlet of existing explosive motor or ventilation, compression, combustion process, selecting different oxygen-rich gass, make up with different fuel injection manners (being different mixed gas generation types), the different control modes of catching fire etc., make explosive motor under the oxygen enrichment situation, can promote perfect combustion, improve power character and fuel economy, can reduce NO in the explosive motor simultaneously again
X, discharge of poisonous waste such as CO, CH, PM combustion process control method.Specifically there are following four kinds:
Explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method 1:
Spray oxygen explosive motor form 1 or 2 or 3 is in the process with the work of work on hand mode in above-mentioned cylinder, 1., in the existing air inlet of explosive motor or gas exchange process latter stage and/or compression process increase or change following technical measures:, in cylinder, spray into oxygen-rich gas; 2., if adopt direct fuel injection mode in the cylinder, then postpone the cylinder fuel injection time, and adopt 120MPa and above jet pressure (pump pressure) high velocity jet fuel; If adopted fuel pre-mixed charge mode, then postpone and catching fire (igniting) time.
Above-mentioned explosive motor is meant ventilation, compression, the acting of original air-breathing, the compression of existing four-stroke ic engine, acting, exhaust process and two-stroke internal combustion engine, process and their original fuel supply process of exhaust in the work on hand mode, and fuel supply process comprises the fuel pre-mixing combustion dual mode based on the in-cylinder direct injection of diffusive combustion and the outer injection of cylinder.(down together).
In the existing air inlet of above-mentioned explosive motor or gas exchange process latter stage and/or the compression process, in cylinder, spray into oxygen-rich gas.Its meaning is with the overlapping angle of adjusting between the angle of closing of opening angle with the normal natural air intake valve of intake oxygen enrichment door or electronics spray oxygen valve, be beneficial at the compression process initial stage, when in-cylinder pressure is low to in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas (down together).
Postpone the fuel injection time (mainly in diesel oil, using at present) of direct fuel injection mode in the cylinder or catch fire (igniting) time (mainly in petrol engine, the using at present) of postponement fuel premixing mode, can significantly reduce NO
XGeneration, this is to reduce NO in the prior art
XCommon method, but cause burning insufficient easily, the discharge amount of materials such as CO, CH, PM is raise.Under the oxygen enrichment situation, postpone fuel injection or postponement and catch fire (igniting) time, reduce NO equally
XGenerate, and because plentiful oxygen is arranged, in the main combustion period and after burning period after can guaranteeing to postpone fuel injection time or postponing ignition time, fuel can fully burn under the oxygen enrichment situation, the discharging of materials such as CO, CH, PM can reduce greatly.Can reach like this and reduce NO simultaneously
X, CH, CO, PM discharging purpose.And, and shorten after burning period through fully burning increase power output.In adopting cylinder during the direct fuel injection mode, adopting 120MPa (pump pressure) and above high pressure to carry out that fuel sprays is in order to accelerate the mixing velocity of fuel and gas in the jar, to accelerate the evaporation rate of fuel, thus the quickening velocity of combustion.Fueling injection pressure is high more, and velocity of combustion is fast more.
Explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method 2:
Spray oxygen explosive motor form 1 or 2 or 3 is in the process with the work of work on hand mode in the above-mentioned cylinder, 1., in the air inlet or gas exchange process latter stage and/or compression process of existing explosive motor increase or change following technical measures:, in cylinder, spray into oxygen-rich gas; 2., two-stage injection in the fuel tank, sectional combustion.
Two-stage injection in the so-called fuel tank is meant at delay period to spray into a spot of fuel, and the temperature of restriction delay period is to reduce NO
XGeneration, main combustion period (adopts the above pressure injection of 120MPa) more at a high speed and sprays into a large amount of fuel, enhancing mixed, fully burning reduces the discharging of materials such as CO, CH, PM under the oxygen enrichment situation, form the Near Constant Pressure Combustion process, shorten after burning period, improve the thermal efficiency, increase power output, whole combustion process grows from weak to strong, sectional combustion (down together).
Explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method 3:
Spray in the above-mentioned cylinder in the process of oxygen explosive motor form 1 or 2 or 3 with the work of work on hand mode, 1., postpone the discharge time that fuel high pressure directly sprays in the cylinder (adopting the above pressure injection fuel of 120MPa) or carry out in the fuel tank two-stage injection or postpone catching fire (igniting) time under the fuel premixing mode, increase or change following technical measures: with minimizing NO
XDischarging; 2., in combustion process (delay period later stage and main combustion period and after burning period) to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas, mixing velocity, increase amount of oxygen with combustion gas in the cylinder in acceleration main combustion period and the after burning period, improve velocity of combustion, promote perfect combustion, form the Near Constant Pressure Combustion process, shorten after burning period, reduce the generation of materials such as CO, CH, PM, improve the thermal efficiency.
Explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method 4:
Spray in the above-mentioned cylinder in the process of oxygen explosive motor form 1 or 2 or 3 with the work of work on hand mode, 1., no matter fuel in-cylinder direct injection or the premixed explosive motor of fuel increase following technical measures:, in existing air inlet or gas exchange process, be equipped with exhaust gas recirculation (ERG), to suppress NO
XGeneration; 2. in the combustion process (delay period later stage and main combustion period and after burning period) to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas, mixing velocity, increase amount of oxygen with combustion gas in the cylinder in acceleration main combustion period and the after burning period, promote perfect combustion, form the Near Constant Pressure Combustion process, shorten after burning period, improve the thermal efficiency, reduce the generation and the discharging of materials such as CO, CH, PM.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: 1., adopted the oxygen-rich gas in-cylinder direct injection, seal in method and incorporate method into and compare with of the prior art, the consumption of oxygen-rich gas reduces significantly, and the volume of the oxygen generating plant of required outfit, weight, energy consumption, cost all reduce significantly.
2., adopt the in-cylinder direct injection oxygen-rich gas, can in explosive motor air inlet, compression, combustion process, spray oxygen-rich gas, simultaneously accurately control spray oxygen amount and spray oxygen period according to need.Make the mode of explosive motor oxygen-enriched combusting versatile and flexible, formed multiple oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method.
3., multiple oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method, all can from the source, reduce explosive motor NO simultaneously
X, pollutant such as CO, CH, PM discharging.On the other hand, because under the oxygen enrichment situation, velocity of combustion can be improved, promote perfect combustion; Under the oxygen enrichment situation, there is plentiful oxygen to promote perfect combustion, can reduces fuel consumption, improve power output; Compare with supercharge method, enter in the cylinder under the situation of same oxygen amount, the nitrogen total amount reduces, and can suitably improve compression ratio and improves the thermal efficiency.Environmental protection and energy-conservation laying equal stress on.
4., for two-stroke internal combustion engine, adopt spray oxygen method in the cylinder, be equipped with direct fuel injection in the cylinder again, can overcome the low defective of two-stroke internal combustion engine scavenging efficiency, help bringing into play the high advantage of two-stroke internal combustion engine power per liter.
5., help improving the power per liter of explosive motor, especially overcome the shortcoming that the gas engine energy density is low, power per liter is low.
Below be the embodiment that the inventor provides, need to prove that these embodiments are preferable examples, according to technological scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art can list other forms of distortion easily, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The oxygen generating plant that the present invention adopts rolled membrane module or plate type membrane component or hollow fiber film assembly to constitute; Or the oxygen generating plant of employing pressure swing adsorption method.The inventor has provided the oxygen generating plant of four kinds of forms among Fig. 1～Fig. 4:
1. oxygen generating plant is made of voltage stabilizing gas holder 6, gas compressor 14, vacuum pump 5, the rolling that has denitrogen mouth 4 or plate type membrane component 3, ventilator 2 and air-strainer 1;
2. oxygen generating plant is made of gas holder 6, gas compressor 14, the hollow membrane assembly 22 with denitrogen mouth 4, air compressor 21 and air-strainer 1;
3. oxygen generating plant is made of voltage stabilizing gas holder 6, gas compressor 14, the rolling that has denitrogen mouth 4 or plate type membrane component 3, air compressor 21 and air-strainer 1;
4. oxygen generating plant is made of gas holder 6, gas compressor 14, oxygen-rich gas outlet valve 37,38, adsorption tower 35,36, adsorption tower suction valve 31,33, atmospheric valve 32,34, denitrogen mouth 4, air compressor 21 and air-strainer 1.
Fig. 1 has adopted the oxygen generating plant of plate film assembly or rolled membrane module and the principle schematic of the interior spray of cylinder oxygen explosive motor form 1 combination.Comprise existing internal combustion, in each combustion chamber of air cylinder of explosive motor, increase at least one intake oxygen enrichment door 10, the outlet of this intake oxygen enrichment door 10 and firing chamber UNICOM, the outlet of the import of intake oxygen enrichment door 10 and a check valve 7 links, and the import of check valve 7 is connected on the intake oxygen enrichment house steward 13; The oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of this intake oxygen enrichment house steward 13 and the oxygen generating plant that is made of voltage stabilizing gas holder 6, gas compressor 14, vacuum pump 5, the board-like or rolled membrane module 3 that has denitrogen mouth 4, ventilator 2 and air-strainer 1 links.Only drawn among a figure cylinder of four-stroke ic engine, for multi-cylinder and two-stroke internal combustion engine, its principle is identical.Intake valve 8, exhaust valve 9, piston 11 and cylinder 12 have been represented a cylinder of existing four-stroke ic engine, increased the intake valve of a prior art and be called intake oxygen enrichment door 10 at its top of combustion chamber, be equivalent to two and advance a three valve explosive motor that outes.But be that with the difference of existing three valve explosive motor intake oxygen enrichment door 10 is to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas.Intake valve 8 and exhaust valve 9 original working methods do not change, and during explosive motor work, natural air enters cylinder through the existing intake valve 8 of explosive motor, finishes normal air inlet.The generation of oxygen-rich gas is that natural air is sucked air-strainer 1 (no oil rectifier), through ventilator 2 (ventilator through belt or gear transmission by the explosive motor main shaft drives, or ventilator by a motor by battery and/or generator powered drive) pressurization after, give membrane module 3 (plate type membrane component or rolled membrane module all can), be provided with vacuum pump 5 and gas compressor 14 after the membrane module 3, air is under the synergy of ventilator 2 and vacuum pump 5, both sides at membrane module 3 form pressure reduction, under the effect of this pressure reduction, oxygen molecule sees through membrane module 3 easily and forms concentration is 30% oxygen-rich gas, gas compressor 14 pressurizes the back by voltage stabilizing gas holder 6 with oxygen-rich gas, oxygen-rich gas air supply header 13, check valve 7 is given intake oxygen enrichment door 10, intake oxygen enrichment door 10 is intake valves of prior art, needs according to the different oxygen-enriched combustion control method, adjusting, it is opened, close constantly, to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas.Nitrogen is not easy to see through membrane module 3, forms nitrogen-rich gas and is discharged into atmosphere by denitrogen mouth 4.Its intermediate pump 5 and gas compressor 14 can be through belt or the gear transmission main shaft drives by explosive motor, also can be by a motoring, and motor relies on battery and/or generator powered.
Above-mentioned membrane module 3, both plate type membrane components, also rolled membrane module, its key property is identical with working principle.Two kinds of membrane modules all have positive pressure operation, negative-pressure operation, three kinds of working methods of malleation+negative-pressure operation.Ventilator 2+ membrane module 3+ vacuum pump 5 among Fig. 1 has constituted malleation+negative-pressure operation mode.Pressure requirement 〉=the 0.4MPa (absolute pressure) of positive pressure operation, the pressure of negative-pressure operation require to be 25KPa (absolute pressure), and during malleation+negative-pressure operation, the outlet pressure of membrane module 3 and inlet pressure ratio are controlled between 0.12～0.4.The energy consumption of positive platen press is 3～6.5 times of negative pressure method, and the required membrane area of negative pressure method is again 3～6.5 times of positive platen press.
Fig. 2 has adopted the oxygen generating plant of hollow fiber film assembly and the schematic diagram of the interior spray of cylinder oxygen explosive motor combination.Only drawn among a figure cylinder of four-stroke ic engine is identical for two-stroke and multi-cylinder internal combustion engine principle.Intake valve 8, exhaust valve 9, piston 11 and cylinder 12 have been represented a cylinder of existing four-stroke ic engine among the figure, increased an intake oxygen enrichment door 10 at its top of combustion chamber, be communicated with in the outlet of intake oxygen enrichment door 10 and the firing chamber, its import links with the oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of check valve 7, intake oxygen enrichment house steward 13 and oxygen generating plant successively.Intake valve 8 and exhaust valve 9 original working methods are constant, and during explosive motor work, in the intake process, natural air enters cylinder by intake valve 8, finishes normal air inlet.The generation of oxygen-rich gas is that natural air is sucked air-strainer 1 (no oil rectifier), give hollow membrane assembly 22 through oilless compressor 21, oxygen sees through hollow fiber film assembly 22 easily and forms concentration is 50% oxygen-rich gas, after gas compressor 14 pressurizations, through voltage stabilizing gas holder 6, intake oxygen enrichment house steward 13, check valve 7, give intake oxygen enrichment door 10, to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas.Because nitrogen is not easy to see through hollow fiber film assembly, and forms nitrogen-rich gas, is discharged into atmosphere from denitrogen mouth 4.Hollow fiber film assembly can be used the positive pressure operation mode, and operation pressure is 〉=0.4MPa.
Among the figure, " central processing unit (CPU) " is the central processing unit (CPU) of existing explosive motor fuel electric spray control system.On the basis that the working condition signal that has explosive motor now has inserted, again with pressure transducer 23, concentration sensor 24, temperature transducer 25, flow transducer 27 pressure, concentration, temperature, the flux signal of the oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet measured respectively give central processing unit (CPU), carry out integrated treatment with the duty parameter of explosive motor, according to the EFI of explosive motor air inlet total amount (natural inflow+intake oxygen enrichment) control fuel.
Fig. 3 has provided a kind of variation of Fig. 2, promptly adopts plate type membrane component or the rolled membrane module oxygen generating plant under positive pressure operation and the schematic diagram of explosive motor combination; With different is to be replaced by the hollow fiber film assembly among Fig. 2 22 board-like or rolled membrane module 3 among Fig. 2, constitute board-like or the oxygen generation system of rolled membrane module 3 under positive pressure operation, all the other are with the explanation of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that has adopted THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE and explosive motor combination.Only drawn among a figure cylinder of four-stroke ic engine is identical for two-stroke and multi-cylinder internal combustion engine principle.During explosive motor work, the intake process of explosive motor sucks natural air by the intake valve 8 of existing explosive motor.The generation of oxygen-rich gas, be that natural air is sucked air-strainer 1 (no oil rectifier), after oilless compressor 21 compressions, divide two-way, first suction valve 31 through adsorption tower, second suction valve 33 is given first adsorption tower 35 and second adsorption tower 36, be full of molecular sieve in the adsorption tower, nitrogen there is suction-operated, and oxygen can easily form oxygen-rich gas by molecular sieve at the adsorption tower top, through first outlet valve 37, second outlet valve 38, gas compressor 14, voltage stabilizing gas holder 6, intake oxygen enrichment house steward 13, electromagnetism spray oxygen valve 26 is as required to explosive motor in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas.After the nitrogen of molecular sieve adsorption a period of time in the adsorption tower, state can reach capacity, need close first inlet valve 31 or second inlet valve 33 of adsorption tower, open emptying first solenoid valve 32 or second solenoid valve 34, the nitrogen that molecular sieve in the adsorption tower is adsorbed is discharged into atmosphere through denitrogen mouth 4, make the regenerating molecular sieve in the adsorption tower, this process is called desorption.By the terminal valve of two adsorption towers of automatic control and the switching of denitrogen valve, two adsorption towers are taken turns to operate under the operating mode of absorption and desorption respectively, guarantee the oxygen-rich gas that output is continuous.The pressure of oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet, concentration, temperature, flow sensor signal insert the central processing unit (CPU) of fuel electric spraying control unit, expand one road signal by central processing unit (CPU) and control electromagnetism spray oxygen valve 26, realize dual control fuel EFI and oxygen-rich gas injection.
The process of desorption can be divided into normal pressure desorption (PSA method) and Vacuum solutions absorption (VPSA method).Above-mentioned with adsorption tower directly to the method for atmosphere denitrogen, be exactly the normal pressure desorption.If be connected in series vacuum pump (among the figure draw) on the nitrogen discharge pipeline, it is more thorough to make the process of desorption carry out ground, is called Vacuum solutions and adsorbs.Former approach is simple, latter's complexity.But latter's desorption process is thorough, and whole energy consumption is also low than the former.Oilless compressor 21 can also can be provided with a motor and be driven by battery and/or generator powered specially through belt or gear transmission mode by the main shaft drives of explosive motor.
Above-mentioned four kinds of embodiments, be applied to realize oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method 1 or at 2 o'clock, the intake process that is injected in existing explosive motor of oxygen-rich gas finishes front and back and compression process initial stage, carry out under the lower situation of in-cylinder pressure, the oxygen-rich gas delivery pressure of design oxygen generating plant is higher than the pressure at compression initial stage in the cylinder and gets final product.If will be used to realize oxygen-enriched combusting controlling method 3 or 4, being injected in the combustion process of its oxygen-rich gas carried out, the in-cylinder combustion pressure height, gas compressor 14 will be selected higher working pressure, make the pressure of oxygen-rich gas be higher than the interior firing pressure of cylinder, and the outlet of intake oxygen enrichment door 10 and electromagnetism spray oxygen valve 26 can adopt many pores (two holes and more than) to spray, with mixing of inflammable mixture in the oxygen-rich gas strengthening spraying into and the cylinder.
On multi-cylinder (3 cylinders and more than) explosive motor, above-mentioned ventilator 2, oilless compressor 21 and gas compressor 14 also can adopt in the prior art The Studying about Turbocharger of Engine device to carry out replacing whole or part substitutes.
Four kinds of embodiments have below only been enumerated.In fact, the explosive motor form 1 or 2 or 3 of spray oxygen in the cylinder all can be respectively and above-mentioned several oxygen generating plants adapted one by one mutually, and those skilled in the art is easy to realization according to technological scheme of the present invention and principle, enumerates no longer one by one in specification.
Claims (10)
1. spray the oxygen explosive motor in a cylinder, comprise existing internal combustion, it is characterized in that, in each combustion chamber of air cylinder of described explosive motor, increase at least one intake oxygen enrichment door (10), the outlet of this intake oxygen enrichment door (10) and firing chamber UNICOM, the outlet of the import of intake oxygen enrichment door (10) and a check valve (7) links, and the import of check valve (7) is connected on the intake oxygen enrichment house steward (13); The oxygen-rich gas delivery outlet of this intake oxygen enrichment house steward (13) and oxygen generating plant links.
2. spray oxygen explosive motor is characterized in that in the cylinder as claimed in claim 1, and its described oxygen generating plant is the oxygen generating plant that adopts rolled membrane module or plate type membrane component or hollow fiber film assembly to constitute; Or the oxygen generating plant of employing pressure swing adsorption method.
3. spray oxygen explosive motor is characterized in that described explosive motor is four-stroke or two stroke non-electronic fuel injection engine or electronic fuel injection engine in the cylinder as claimed in claim 1.
4. spray oxygen explosive motor in the cylinder as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, when described explosive motor is EFI formula motor, the pressure transducer (23) of oxygen-rich gas, the concentration sensor (24) of oxygen-rich gas, the temperature transducer (25) of oxygen-rich gas and the flow transducer (27) of oxygen-rich gas are set between described intake oxygen enrichment house steward (13) and voltage stabilizing gas holder (6), and above-mentioned pressure, concentration, temperature and flow transducer are connected with the control unit central processing unit (CPU) of electronic fuel injection engine respectively.
5. spray oxygen explosive motor in the cylinder as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, when described explosive motor is EFI formula motor, described intake oxygen enrichment door (10) is substituted by at least one electromagnetism spray oxygen valve (26), save check valve (7), the import of electromagnetism spray oxygen valve (26) directly and intake oxygen enrichment house steward (13) link, on the described electromagnetism spray oxygen valve (26) control coil is arranged, expanding control signal from the control unit central processing unit (CPU) is connected on the control coil of electromagnetism spray oxygen valve (26), the pressure transducer (23) of oxygen-rich gas is set between described intake oxygen enrichment house steward (13) and voltage stabilizing gas holder (6), the concentration sensor of oxygen-rich gas (24), the flow transducer (27) of temperature transducer of oxygen-rich gas (25) and oxygen-rich gas, above-mentioned pressure, concentration, temperature is connected with the control unit central processing unit (CPU) of electronic fuel injection engine respectively with flow transducer.
6. spray oxygen explosive motor is characterized in that described electromagnetism spray oxygen valve (26) is a solenoid valve or an electronics valve in the cylinder as claimed in claim 5.
7. spray the method that the oxygen explosive motor sprays oxygen-rich gas in a cylinder, it is characterized in that, this method increases at least one intake valve in each combustion chamber of air cylinder of existing internal combustion, the outlet of the intake valve that is increased and firing chamber UNICOM are equipped with oxygen generating plant and supply with oxygen-rich gas to the intake valve that is increased; By the open and close of the intake valve that increased of control, spray oxygen-rich gas by oxygen generating plant to combustion chamber of air cylinder in a certain period in explosive motor air inlet or ventilation, compression, combustion process.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the control step of oxygen-enriched combusting detailed process is:
1) at first in natural inflow latter stage that has explosive motor now and/or compression process, in cylinder, sprays into oxygen-rich gas;
2) then, postpone the discharge time of fuel in-cylinder direct injection and adopt the above pressure injection fuel of 120MPa; Or
Adopt fuel pre-mixed charge mode, postpone the ignition time under the fuel premixing mode; Or
Adopt fuel two-stage injection in the cylinder.
9, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the control step of oxygen-enriched combusting detailed process is:
1) at first employing is postponed the discharge time of direct fuel injection in the cylinder and is adopted 120MPa and above pressure injection fuel; Or
Adopt fuel two-stage injection in the cylinder; Or
Be equipped with exhaust gas recirculation; Or
Postpone the ignition time under the fuel premixing mode;
2) then, in the combustion process of existing explosive motor to the in-cylinder injection oxygen-rich gas.
10, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, its described oxygen generating plant is the oxygen generating plant that adopts rolled membrane module or plate type membrane component or hollow fiber film assembly to constitute; Or the oxygen generating plant that adopts pressure swing adsorption method to constitute.
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| CNB2005101077410A CN100410519C (en) | 2004-10-04 | 2005-09-29 | IC engine with oxygen jet in cylinder and oxygen-enriched combustion control |
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| CN200410079324 | 2004-10-04 | ||
| CN200410079324.5 | 2004-10-04 | ||
| CNB2005101077410A CN100410519C (en) | 2004-10-04 | 2005-09-29 | IC engine with oxygen jet in cylinder and oxygen-enriched combustion control |
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| CN1746478A true CN1746478A (en) | 2006-03-15 |
| CN100410519C CN100410519C (en) | 2008-08-13 |
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| CN101879397A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-10 | 通用电气公司 | Be used for from the use of the oxygen concentrator of blast furnace gas separation of nitrogen |
| CN102108918A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-06-29 | 张兵 | Aerator of automobile engine |
| CN104727990A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-06-24 | 吉林大学 | Molecular film type automotive nitrogen and oxygen separation device and separating method thereof |
| CN104847541A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-19 | 太原理工大学 | Oxygen-enriched combustion engine system |
| CN105508083A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-20 | 魏伯卿 | Local oxygen enrichment device for engine |
| CN109611192A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-12 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of gasoline engine high pressure sprays into device, engine and the automobile of gas |
| CN110360028A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-10-22 | 河南美力达汽车有限公司 | A kind of engine automatic aerator and its oxygenation method |
| CN112112746A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-22 | 曹永华 | Method for fully burning in internal combustion engine |
| WO2021137812A3 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-08-05 | Yerlikaya Ahmet | System for effective and efficient use of fossil fuel in an internal combustion engine |
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| JPS6090975A (en) * | 1983-10-24 | 1985-05-22 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Adiabatic engine |
| JPS6361765A (en) * | 1986-09-01 | 1988-03-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Charging device for diesel engine |
| JPH01138360A (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1989-05-31 | Hino Motors Ltd | Engine equipped with exhaust turbosupercharger |
| CN1196441A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1998-10-21 | 杨树桐 | Method for complete combustion of combustible mixed gas for internal combustion engine |
| CN1281939A (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2001-01-31 | 贺长宏 | Oxygen enrichment engine |
| CN1299924A (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2001-06-20 | 贺长宏 | Oxygen-rich combustion method for engine |
| CN2551775Y (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-21 | 秦松祥 | IC engine using pure oxygen to support combustion |
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| CN101879397B (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2015-03-11 | 通用电气公司 | Use of oxygen concentrators for separating N2 from blast furnace gas |
| CN101879397A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-10 | 通用电气公司 | Be used for from the use of the oxygen concentrator of blast furnace gas separation of nitrogen |
| CN102108918A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-06-29 | 张兵 | Aerator of automobile engine |
| CN102108918B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2013-09-18 | 张兵 | Aerator of automobile engine |
| CN104727990B (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2017-03-01 | 吉林大学 | A kind of automobile-used nitrogen oxygen segregation apparatus of molecule membrane type and separation method |
| CN104727990A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-06-24 | 吉林大学 | Molecular film type automotive nitrogen and oxygen separation device and separating method thereof |
| CN104847541A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-19 | 太原理工大学 | Oxygen-enriched combustion engine system |
| CN105508083A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-20 | 魏伯卿 | Local oxygen enrichment device for engine |
| CN109611192A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-12 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of gasoline engine high pressure sprays into device, engine and the automobile of gas |
| CN109611192B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-05-04 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Gasoline engine high pressure spouts gaseous device, engine and car into |
| CN110360028A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-10-22 | 河南美力达汽车有限公司 | A kind of engine automatic aerator and its oxygenation method |
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