CN112112746A - A method of fully burning combustion in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a method for fully combusting fuel in an internal combustion engine. A method for fully burning in the internal-combustion engine, set up the air nitrogen filter in the air intake pipe between internal-combustion engine and air filter, make the gas not containing nitrogen as the combustion-supporting gas, enter the cylinder block of the said internal-combustion engine, make the fuel burn; the fuel is natural gas, gasoline and diesel oil; the temperature at combustion is greater than the ignition point of the fuel. The method for fully combusting in the internal combustion engine can fully combust oxygen and fuel to increase energy, reduce the discharge which cannot fully combust and realize energy increment and emission reduction.

Description

A method of fully burning combustion in an internal combustion engine

technical field

The present invention particularly relates to a method for sufficient combustion in an internal combustion engine.

Background technique

Modern internal combustion engines use air as a fixed amount, and the fuel consumption is determined by the air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio itself is not a ratio that can be given perfectly and accurately, but is a balanced approximation ratio. It is impossible to achieve 100% full combustion. In order to increase the kinetic energy of the engine, technologies such as turbocharging and mechanical supercharging have emerged. This method increases the intake of air per unit space and increases the amount of oxygen in disguised form. However, this type of method does not change the amount of oxygen in the air and belongs to the excess air method.

The combustion method using natural air as the oxidant is natural combustion. Modern internal combustion engines are basically based on the principle of natural combustion. When the internal combustion engine burns with air, based on the nitrogen content of 80% in the air, a large amount of nitrogen oxides will be produced at high temperature and the reaction of producing nitrogen oxides will absorb heat. These nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide are discharged as exhaust gas and become smog and an important source of harmful gases for global warming.

In view of this, the present invention proposes a new method for full combustion in an internal combustion engine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for full combustion in an internal combustion engine. The method uses high-concentration oxygen as a combustion-supporting agent, and controls the combustion state of the fuel by controlling the oxygen, so that the oxygen and the fuel can be fully burned in the internal combustion engine. , reduce the emissions that cannot be fully combusted, so as to increase energy and reduce emissions.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the adopted technical scheme is:

A method for fully burning combustion in an internal combustion engine. An air nitrogen filter is arranged on the intake pipeline between the internal combustion engine and the air filter port, so that the gas without nitrogen is used as a combustion-supporting gas to enter the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, so that the burning fuel;

Described fuel is natural gas, gasoline, diesel oil;

The temperature at the time of combustion is greater than the ignition point of the fuel.

Further, the air nitrogen filter is arranged in the intake pipeline between the throttle valve of the internal combustion engine and the air filter port.

Further, when the piston, the cylinder block and the cylinder block of the cooling system in the internal combustion engine cannot withstand the temperature generated by the fuel combustion value, according to the temperature that the piston, the cylinder block and the cylinder block of the cooling system of the internal combustion engine can withstand , the amount of oxygen entering is adjusted by the air nitrogen filter; the remaining cylinder space is filled with air or oxygen.

The cylinder block, piston and cooling system of the engine cannot meet the requirements of complete combustion of fuel. Pure oxygen that is less than the amount required by the oxygen-fuel ratio can be used to enter the engine block, so that the oxygen required for the combustion reaction is greatly increased, and the nitrogen content of the air is naturally reduced. reduce accordingly. The endothermic effect and incomplete combustion of nitrogen oxides are correspondingly reduced. Compared with the existing internal combustion engine technology, it not only completes the energy increase under the same unit of fuel combustion, but also achieves emission reduction.

Further, when the temperature that the cylinder block, piston and cooling system cylinder space of the internal combustion engine can withstand can withstand the temperature generated by the fuel combustion value, the oxygen amount is calculated according to the oxygen combustion ratio, which is controlled by the air nitrogen filter. oxygen intake.

The engine block, piston and cooling system can meet the requirements of the complete combustion temperature of the fuel. Sufficient oxygen or excess oxygen is sent to the engine block and the fuel is completely oxidized and burned through the air nitrogen filter, and no natural air enters. The engine cylinder is a closed space, the fuel basically achieves complete combustion effect, no nitrogen oxides are produced without the participation of nitrogen, and carbon monoxide and other incomplete combustion products are basically not produced when the oxygen content is high or even exceeded. This method is the most ideal situation for internal combustion engine combustion, avoiding the internal combustion engine as one of the sources of smog.

Further, when the space of the cylinder block and piston of the internal combustion engine cannot meet the space required to reach the temperature of the fuel combustion value, and no nitrogen oxides are generated, the volume of the cylinder block is calculated according to the exhaust gas volume of the internal combustion engine, and the nitrogen filter is used to calculate the volume of the cylinder block. Controls the amount of oxygen entering the cylinder. So that the existing engine does not produce harmful gases.

Further, the nitrogen-free gas contains oxygen and inert gas, and the content of oxygen is more than 90%.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

The invention uses pure oxygen as auxiliary gas, and the pure oxygen filtered by the air filter and the fuel are mixed and burned in the internal combustion engine, so that the natural air no longer participates in the combustion in the cylinder, and nitrogen oxides are no longer generated; or the air intake volume is reduced. , increase the amount of oxygen, reduce the nitrogen content, and reduce nitrogen oxides. By controlling the input amount of oxygen in the combustion process, the combustion state of the combustible material in the entire combustion process is controlled, so that the fuel can be more completely burned or fully burned while achieving energy enhancement and emission reduction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of oxygen-enriched combustion;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of combustion without the participation of natural air;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the combustion operation principle of the oxygen cutting machine.

Detailed ways

In order to further illustrate a method for fully combusting and burning in an internal combustion engine of the present invention and achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following describes a method for fully burning and burning in an internal combustion engine according to the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments, its specific implementation, The structure, characteristics and efficacy are described in detail as follows. In the following description, different "an embodiment" or "embodiments" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

Before describing in detail a method of the present invention for full combustion in an internal combustion engine, it is necessary to further describe the related methods mentioned in the present invention to achieve better effects.

(1) The following are definitions and explanations of terms appearing in the book:

Internal combustion engine: refers to the usual internal combustion engine with air as the oxidant, excluding special engines such as rocket engines.

Oxygen-fuel ratio: The molecular molar ratio is determined by the equation of full oxidation of oxygen and fuel. According to the molar mass ratio, how much oxygen is required for each unit of fuel to burn, and the ratio of oxygen to fuel is called the oxygen-fuel ratio. Such as natural gas CH ₄ , 2O ₂ +CH ₄ =CO ₂ +2H ₂ O, the molar ratio is 2:1, the molar mass ratio is 64:16, and the oxygen-fuel ratio is 4. Gasoline is 27O ₂ +2C ₈ H ₂₂ , the molar ratio is 864:228, and the oxygen-fuel ratio is 3.79. The oxygen-fuel ratio of diesel C ₁₂ H ₃₄ is 3.47.

Oxygen is a combustion accelerant. Oxygen is widely distributed in the air, reaching 20% of the total mass, and it is the largest energy source in the world. The vast majority of combustion is oxidative combustion. The amount of oxygen required for complete combustion is greater than the amount of fuel. To achieve complete combustion, the oxyfuel ratio is usually greater than 3. In the case of combustion with air, it is impossible to completely burn the fuel. Only when oxygen is used as an oxidant, a controllable variable of oxygen is used for combustion with the fuel, and the amount of oxygen inhaled is controlled according to the oxygen-fuel ratio. Excessive oxygen does not pollute the air, while excess fuel will produce exhaust gas and harmful gases due to incomplete combustion. By controlling the amount of oxygen inhaled, the scale of complete combustion can be controlled.

Oxygen-enriched: It means that the amount of oxygen used is greater than the oxygen content in natural air, but less than the oxygen content of complete combustion.

Oxygen: The amount of oxygen required to achieve complete combustion.

Excessive Oxygen: The amount of oxygen used exceeds that required for complete combustion.

Nitrogen filter: The nitrogen filter uses molecular sieve oxygen generator (psa oxygen generator) technology. Pressure swing adsorption to filter nitrogen to produce oxygen. Using zeolite molecular sieve, the molecular sieve has a much stronger adsorption force on nitrogen molecules in the air than oxygen molecules under a certain pressure. By improving the technology, a getter system through which only oxygen molecules pass through is obtained. Two sets of molecular sieves are alternately cycled together with the opening and closing of pneumatic valves to adsorb nitrogen under pressure and discharge nitrogen under reduced pressure. Complete nitrogen and oxygen separation. Thereby providing high purity oxygen for combustion.

Industrial oxygen production: refers to pure oxygen in this application, that is, air without nitrogen. The nitrogen-free air obtained after being filtered by a nitrogen filter has an oxygen purity of more than 90% and contains a trace amount of inert gas.

(2) Taking a four-cylinder 2.0-displacement gasoline engine as an example, the temperature that the cylinder block can withstand:

known conditions:

The volume of a single cylinder is 0.5 liters, and the air mass is 0.6 grams; the air-fuel ratio is 14.7, and the single-cylinder gasoline consumption is 0.041 grams; the oxygen-fuel ratio is 3.79; the gasoline calorific value (combustion value) is 43070KJ/KG; 0.717, oxygen cv=0.661; the temperature of the engine cylinder after compression (500-700°C), 600°C is used here; the thermal efficiency of the engine is 38%.

The existing engine can be used normally within the instantaneous temperature of 2100°C; the temperature of the top of the piston does not exceed 400°C and can be used normally.

The air mass is 1.2 g/L; the oxygen mass is 1.325 g/L.

The theoretical temperature of the existing engine is 43070×0.41÷0.717÷0.6+600=4704℃;

From the actual engine heat conversion rate of 38%, it is estimated that the temperature in the cylinder should be 4704°C × 38%=1787°C, which is in line with the existing engine conditions.

Calculation of the temperature of the engine to reach the combustion value:

The oil is 0.041 grams, and according to the oxygen-fuel ratio, the oxygen is 0.041×3.79=0.155 grams.

The volume of oxygen is 0.155÷1.32=0.117 liters, and the volume of the cylinder block can produce a combustion value temperature of 43070×0.041÷0.661+600=23433℃; according to the thermal efficiency of modern engines, it is 23433×38%=8904℃. This instantaneous temperature is currently available. The engine can't take it.

The 0.117-liter cylinder volume is a quarter of the 0.5-liter cylinder volume.

To adapt to the temperature that modern engines can withstand, air can be added as a filler, or oxygen can be added to cool down to the temperature that the cylinder can withstand. The oxygen content of air as a filler can be ignored and used as excess oxygen. The detriment of air as a filler is that it produces _NOx compounds that absorb heat and pollute the air, but at no cost. The use of excess oxygen as a filler is costly, but pollution-free.

In terms of expansion work, the 0.117-liter and 0.5-liter cylinders are equal, and the line spacing of the 0.117 piston should be 4 times that of the 0.5 piston line spacing, and the conversion rate of work is also 4 times.

(3) Efficiency

Whereas the prior art uses an air-fuel ratio, the present invention uses an oxy-fuel ratio or slightly lower.

The comparison of heat energy conversion efficiency of oxygen-fuel ratio and air-fuel ratio is shown in Table 1.

Table 1

From Table 1, it can be seen that the combustion of the prior art is not sufficient. At least 50% of natural gas, 23% of gasoline, and 17% of diesel do not participate in the oxidation reaction, which does not include the reaction that produces nitrogen oxides.

After understanding the relevant methods mentioned in the present invention, a method for fully burning and burning in an internal combustion engine of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

Technical scheme of the present invention:

A method for fully burning combustion in an internal combustion engine. An air nitrogen filter is arranged on the intake pipeline between the internal combustion engine and the air filter port, so that the gas without nitrogen is used as a combustion-supporting gas to enter the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, so that the burning fuel;

Described fuel is natural gas, gasoline, diesel oil;

The temperature at the time of combustion is greater than the ignition point of the fuel.

Preferably, the air nitrogen filter is arranged in the intake pipeline between the throttle valve of the internal combustion engine and the air filter port.

Preferably, when the piston, the cylinder block and the cylinder block of the cooling system in the internal combustion engine cannot withstand the temperature generated by the fuel combustion value, it is necessary to add oxygen generated by a nitrogen filter to the intake pipe between the engine and the air filter system. , into the cylinder, and share the intake pipe with the air. According to the temperature that the piston, cylinder block and cooling system cylinder space of the internal combustion engine can bear, the air nitrogen filter adjusts the amount of oxygen entering; the remaining cylinder block space is filled with air or oxygen. For the remaining space, air is used as a filler to cool down and increase the space to enter the cylinder.

The amount of oxygen entering is less than the amount of oxygen required for a unit cylinder to achieve an oxygen-fuel ratio. According to the temperature that the cylinder body and piston can withstand, the amount of pure oxygen entering is regulated, and the remaining space is entered into the cylinder body by air as a filler for cooling and absorbing heat and increasing the space. This method is to increase the oxygen content per unit volume, instead of increasing the intake air volume of turbocharging, which belongs to oxy-fuel combustion (as shown in Figure 1). In this process, air acts as a filler and a cooling agent to enlarge the space.

Preferably, when the temperature that the cylinder block, piston and cooling system cylinder space of the internal combustion engine can withstand can withstand the temperature generated by the fuel combustion value, the oxygen amount is calculated according to the oxygen combustion ratio, which is controlled by the air nitrogen filter oxygen intake. This type of oxygen combustion can also be used for oxygen combustion. Eventually it becomes a combustion without the participation of natural air (as shown in Figure 2).

When the engine block, piston and cooling system can meet the temperature requirements to reach the combustion value, a nitrogen filter system is installed between the engine and the air filter system. At this time, the air filter system directly becomes the filter of the nitrogen filter system. The amount of oxygen entering is calculated by the oxygen-fuel ratio formula, and then enters the engine cylinder through the nitrogen filter for combustion. It can be adjusted to full oxygen combustion or excessive oxygen full combustion. No natural air participation, no large amount of nitrogen, no nitrogen oxide emissions, it is an ideal combustion method.

Preferably, when the space of the cylinder block and piston of the internal combustion engine cannot meet the space required to reach the temperature of the fuel combustion value, and it is required that no nitrogen oxides be produced, the volume of the cylinder block is calculated according to the exhaust gas volume of the internal combustion engine, and the nitrogen filter is used to filter the nitrogen. The controller controls the amount of oxygen entering the cylinder. Instead of air directly, the amount of fuel entering is calculated according to the temperature that the engine, piston, cylinder block and cooling system cylinder space can withstand, which belongs to excess oxygen combustion.

The engine, cylinder block, piston, piston space, and cooling system cannot meet the requirements of high temperature generated by the combustion value of fuel, and fail to meet the requirements of environmental protection. The industrial pure oxygen is directly input from the nitrogen filter instead of air. The amount of fuel entering is based on the engine, cylinder block, piston, piston space, cooling system, and the temperature that can be tolerated. Since oxygen replaces air, no nitrogen is involved, and there is no endothermic reaction. The fuel burns completely. Only water, carbon dioxide and unburned oxygen are discharged.

Preferably, the nitrogen-free gas contains oxygen and an inert gas, and the oxygen content is more than 90%.

Example 1:

Beijing Hyundai Tucson with 2.0 displacement, related equipment installation:

First, punch holes in the intake pipe between the engine and the air filter system, install the oxygen pipe and seal the interface.

Stop on the side of the road to test the operation under the condition of neutral idle speed, start the nitrogen filter system, according to the metering of the nitrogen filter system. At this time, the gas treated by the filtration nitrogen system is a gas without nitrogen, and the content of oxygen is more than 90%, which can be used as pure oxygen.

It takes one minute to increase the pure oxygen production from 1 liter per minute to 5 liters per minute, and the engine speed basically does not change at this time; it takes another minute to increase from 5 liters per minute to 10 liters per minute, and the engine speed rapidly increases from 800 rpm began to rise to 1700 rpm; then the oxygen output was increased to 12 liters, the engine speed quickly increased to 2100 rpm, and then began to fall back to 1700 rpm, and then rose from 1700 to 2100 rpm, and the cycle was repeated.

On the road test, the oxygen output of the nitrogen filter was adjusted to 10 liters per minute when the first gear was idling, and the vehicle speed began to increase. The speed quickly approached 2100 from 800. After reaching 2100 rpm, the speed began to fall back to 1700, and then increased from 1700 to 2100. , which produces the same cycle effect as at idle speed, and it is observed that it is the same for more than ten times, and it can be determined that it is a stable cycle.

The second gear is idling, the basic situation is basically close to the first gear idle speed, only the speed is increased, which also produces a cycle of 1700 to 2100 rpm.

Through the above experiments, it can be concluded that the fuel supply at idle speed is limited. When it reaches 2100 rpm, all the oil is burnt cleanly. No matter how much oxygen is supplied, the upper limit can only reach the energy of 2100 rpm, and the speed is increased from 800 rpm to 2100 rpm, resulting in More than 250% idle speed boost.

Turn off the oxygen supply of the nitrogen filter system, stabilize the throttle at 2000 rpm, turn on the nitrogen filter, increase the oxygen supply to 10 liters per minute, the speed to 2500, and then increase the oxygen supply to 20 liters per minute, and the speed to 3500 Turn and start falling back into the loop. The speed-up stage belongs to oxygen-rich combustion.

Example 2.

Broken Ring Experiment:

Start the Jialing 70 motorcycle, the neutral speed is 4000 rpm, the throttle position is fixed, and during the process of stable acceleration for three minutes, black smoke and noise are emitted.

Turn off the flame for 20 minutes and then start again, which is consistent with the previous performance.

Turn on the nitrogen filter, input 15 liters of pure oxygen per minute into the running motorcycle's intake pipe, set the throttle to the previous position of 4000 rpm, and quickly increase the speed from 4000 rpm to 7000 rpm, and continue to run for 3 minutes. During operation, the engine produces loud noise and emits lighter white smoke.

After turning off the engine for 20 minutes, the motorcycle could not be started normally, and the cylinder was damaged.

This example demonstrates that the engine block cannot withstand the temperature produced by not yet reaching the combustion value.

Example 3.

Gas/Gasoline Oxygen Cutting Machine

The principle of gas and gasoline oxygen cutting machines is the same, only the fuel is different. The gasoline type needs to pressurize the oil storage tank before use. There are three control valves on the cutting gun, fuel valve, oxygen mixing valve, oxygen blowing valve, and nitrogen filter. Air filter and air filter in one.

Specific operations:

Open the fuel valve first, control the degree of combustion, and see a little black smoke. The steel plate was burned with this burning flame for 3 minutes, and there was no major reaction. At this time, the nitrogen filter system was turned on to supply oxygen, and the oxygen mixing valve was adjusted to a better oxygen-fuel ratio to start cutting, and the oxygen blowing valve was opened at the same time (the function of the oxygen blowing valve is blowing away the molten metal, this excess oxygen has no effect on combustion). After only a few seconds, the steel plate was melted and the cutting machine was able to work normally to cut the steel plate. The operator who uses the cutting machine works for a long time, and the worker will not have uncomfortable reactions such as poor breathing. This type of cutting device does not produce any toxic and harmful gases, and has little impact on the gas environment.

Oxygen cutting machine has a combustion operation principle similar to that of an internal combustion engine (see Figure 3 for combustion operation principle). A closed metal tank is installed at the cutting torch head, and an exhaust pressure reducing valve is installed at the other end, which is a simple internal combustion engine. The cutting torch head temperature can reach 3000 ℃.

Example 4.

The Tucson with 2.0 displacement and dual use of oil and gas uses natural gas to burn, and runs at idle speed in first gear, and the speed is 800 rpm. At this time, the nitrogen filter system is turned on to supply oxygen, and the oxygen volume is increased to 5 liters per minute. At this time, the engine speed is still 800 rpm, and then the oxygen volume is increased to 10 liters per minute. The engine speed remains unchanged, and is increased to 20 liters per minute. The minutes remain the same. This means that the gas has been burnt cleanly in the cylinder and is not affected by the additional oxygen entering. The addition of oxygen does not intensify the combustion, which is excess oxygen combustion.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and Modifications still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a method for fully burning combustion in an internal combustion engine, characterized in that, An air nitrogen filter is arranged on the intake pipeline between the internal combustion engine and the air filter port, so that the gas without nitrogen is used as a combustion-supporting gas to enter the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine to make the fuel burn; Described fuel is natural gas, gasoline, diesel oil; The temperature at the time of combustion is greater than the ignition point of the fuel. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The air nitrogen filter is arranged in the intake pipeline between the throttle valve of the internal combustion engine and the air filter port. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein When the piston, the cylinder block and the cylinder block of the cooling system in the internal combustion engine cannot withstand the temperature generated by the fuel combustion value, according to the temperature that the piston, the cylinder block and the cylinder block of the cooling system of the internal combustion engine can bear, the air The nitrogen filter adjusts the amount of oxygen entering; the remaining cylinder space is filled with air. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein When the temperature of the cylinder block, piston and cooling system cylinder space of the internal combustion engine can withstand the temperature generated by the fuel combustion value, the oxygen amount is calculated according to the oxygen combustion ratio, and the entry of oxygen is controlled by the air nitrogen filter. quantity. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein When the space of the cylinder block and piston of the internal combustion engine cannot meet the space required to reach the temperature of the fuel combustion value, and no nitrogen oxides are generated, the volume of the cylinder block is calculated according to the exhaust gas volume of the internal combustion engine, and the nitrogen filter controls the entry of oxygen into volume of the cylinder. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein The nitrogen-free gas contains oxygen and inert gas, and the oxygen content is more than 90%.

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