CN1732759A - Tissue culturing, rapid propagating and transplanting method of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. - Google Patents
Tissue culturing, rapid propagating and transplanting method of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention disclose a technique for the tissue culturing and breeding of the red-welcome cuckoo as well as the technique for domestication and replanting, which comprises the first generation culture of inducing the clump sprout by applying the germ-free seedling as explant, subculture for enrichment-culture, root-growing inducing for the clump sprout, water-planting for domestication before replanting the tissue culture sprout, the final replanting to flowerpot and getting the red-welcome cuckoo. The invention is suitable for the red-welcome cuckoo from different places, the k-factor of the clump sprout is high, the root is uniform, and the survival rate after the water-culture domestication is high and is suitable for the red-welcome cuckoo commercial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to korean rhododendron tissue-culturing rapid propagation and domestication transplantation technique.Specifically relating to the aseptic seedling epicotyl of korean rhododendron is explant, obtains to grow thickly bud and the complete production technology of breeding in a large number, take root, tame and transplanting by adventitious organogenesis.Belong to biological technical field.
Background technology:
Rhododendron Ericaceae (Ericaceae) Rhododendron (Rhododoendron) plant, the whole world has more than 900 and plants, concentrate and be distributed in the southeast, Asia, extend to Eastern Tibet, Burma and western part of China from northwest, the Himalayas, and extend to the Thailand and the Philippine peninsula southwards always, the kind of cuckoo platymiscium 90% in this Regional Distribution.China is the centre of origin of cuckoo, has 59% of world's azalea original seed.Record as far back as existing azalea of fiveth century (Northern and Southern Dynasties), after this again through successive dynasties scholar's the introducing and planting with the working people chanted, greatly improved the status of azalea, make it to become one of China's ten great tradition famous flowers, and enjoy the good reputation of " king of Woody flower ", but regrettably China fails to become azalea cultivation big country, and many azalea germ plasm resources remain to be developed, and production technology needs to solve.
The application beginning of azalea in the gardens, Europe sees the record of Parkinso in 1629.Afterwards, foreign big powers rob china natural resources without restraint, and azalea breed breeding and cultivation are developed rapidly.It is in full bloom as before that the Edinburgh, Britain botanical garden still has more than the 350 kind of azalea from China now.The application of azalea in American-European gardens is quite general, and its shared status is also very important.As having that the people exclaims, " do not have Chinese azalea, just do not have the Britain gardens ".It is individual surplus the listed azalea kind in the whole world has ten thousand now.
Korean rhododendron (Rhododendron mucronulatum) is distributed widely in mountain area, the Korea peninsula and the Japanese archipelago of China's North, Northeast China, is found first in 1837.Korean rhododendron is opened the aubergine flower, and the nature florescence, early early spring was open with winter jasmine, the capsule of weeping forsythia, and the florescence is long, and cold resistance is strong, and damage by disease and insect is few, anti-pruning is applied to northern gardens after if can be numerous soon, will the single present situation of pattern in early spring plays good effect in the northern gardens to changing.
At present, group culturation rapid propagating technology has become the important means that flower seed plantlet is produced, and most ornamental plantss can breed by tissue culture method.Anderson (Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci.1984.109 (3): 343-347) found out the medium of a kind of suitable azalea, after again to its further improvement, formed the azalea group training medium that generally adopts.But, also should adjust during application in conjunction with different azaleas because the azalea interspecific difference is bigger.
Douglas (24:337-347) once took root outward to the reaction of agar solid culture and liquid culture and test tube with regard to 8 kinds of cultivation azaleas and carried out relatively, shows that each kind breaks up the number of bud and be not quite similar on agar by Sci.Hort.1984.This may be each kind to due to the hormone-content requirement difference in the medium.Bud differentiation number is more on some kind liquid medium within.Test-tube plantlet in peat growing medium 5 the week in rooting rate reach 50%-70%.Ettinger (.Hort.Sci.1985,60 (2): 269-274) breeding Western cuckoo, proving that stem apex is an explant preferably with group training micro-propagation method.And regardless of the Zip level of multiplicative stage (Stage II), it is all better to take root.(HortScience 1986,21 (1): 137-139) find that the test-tube plantlet that lateral bud forms when cultivating for the first time is thicker and leafy usually in three kinds of fallen leaves azalea Shoot Tip Culture, do not have feature in young age, generally rootability is relatively poor for Athanasios.Result of the test shows that the rooting of vitro seedling ability of subculture 3-5 time is the highest.In the fast numerous research of cuckoo tissue cultivating seedling transplantation rooting rate low be the problem that everybody pays close attention to always.
The korean rhododendron tissue-culturing rapid propagation does not at home and abroad appear in the newspapers in the document.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to set up korean rhododendron tissue-culturing rapid propagation and domestication transplantation technique system.
Content of the present invention comprises that with the aseptic seedling of korean rhododendron be the grow thickly initial culture base of bud of explant induction, the bud shoot proliferation medium of growing thickly, and the blastogenesis root induction medium of growing thickly, water planting is transplanted acclimatization technology and nutrient solution prescription.
The present invention sets up the fast traditional font of korean rhododendron system, rate of increase height, and propagation is stable, and the transplanting survival rate height is to be suitable for the commercial mature technology that numerous korean rhododendron seedling is produced that expands.
(1) inducing the grow thickly initial culture base of bud of korean rhododendron is that following prescription selects one: A. azalea medium (seeing Table 1) adds indolebutyric acid IBA 0.5-1mg/L, zeatin ZT 2-5mg/L.B. the azalea medium adds indolebutyric acid IBA 0.5-1mg/L, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 5-10mg/L.C improvement .B5 medium (seeing Table 2) 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA1-5mg/L, naa NAA0.1-0.5mg/L.
(2) the korean rhododendron bud shoot proliferation medium of growing thickly is that following prescription selects one: A. azalea medium adds naa NAA0.1-0.2mg/L, zeatin ZT 5-10mg/L.B. the azalea medium adds indolebutyric acid IBA 1-2mg/L, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 5-10mg/L.C improves B
5Medium 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA0.5-1mg/L, naa 0.05-0.5mg/L.
(3) the korean rhododendron blastogenesis root induction medium of growing thickly is that following prescription selects one: A. azalea medium adds IBA 0.5-1mg/L+0.2-0.5mg/L ZT.B. the azalea medium adds naa 1-2mg/L, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA0.1-0.5.C improvement .B5 medium 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA0.1-0.5mg/L, IBA1-2mg/L.
(4) the korean rhododendron tissue cultivating seedling is transplanted the nutritive element composition of taming mill water culture nutrient solution and is seen Table 3, and transferring pH is 5.5.
The improvement B that the present invention mentions
5Medium and with hormone combination be reported first, the bud of growing thickly brings out, breeds and take root and can reach the purpose of commercial fast numerous korean rhododendron.
The high problem of lethality in the cuckoo tissue cultivating seedling transplanting process, it is the difficult problem of research and production always, the water planting acclimatization technology is for using on azalea and report first before the transplanting that the present invention carried, and survival rate reaches 100%, and successfully solves the technical barrier that cuckoo is transplanted.To the fast numerous reference that also has of other flowers.
The scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention divides following five steps to finish:
(1) explant is selected: the korean rhododendron seed carries out germinateing under the aseptic condition, and the epicotyl that cuts its stem apex is as explant.
(2) initial culture: on the initial culture base, induce through two months first generation after the explant segment, obtain to grow thickly bud.Condition of culture is 25 ± 1 ℃, illumination every day 12 hours, and light intensity is 2000~3000Lux..
(3) adventitious buds proliferation is cultivated: the bud shoot proliferation on the shoot proliferation medium that obtains to grow thickly, 45 days subcultures once, growth coefficient is 5-6.Condition of culture is 25 ± 1 ℃, illumination every day 14 hours, and light intensity is 2200Lux..
(4) root induction: the bud root induction on the root induction medium of growing thickly, to cultivate about January, rooting rate reaches 90%.Condition of culture is 25 ± 1 ℃, illumination every day 14 hours, and light intensity is 2000~3000Lux..
(5) tissue cultivating seedling water planting domestication and transplanting: the water planting condition is that to plant in homemade capacity be in the water planting culture plate of 2.5L to transplanted seedling, every dish 80~100 strains, 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, intensity of illumination is 2000~3000Lux, light application time is 12 hours/day, nutrient solution is ventilated continuously with electric air pump, changes one time of nutrition liquid every 7 days, cultivates about January.
Tissue cultivating seedling changes flowerpot over to after water planting, put cloudy place, and cultivation temperature is no more than 25 ℃, the cultivation through month, and survival rate 100%, growing state is better.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the korean rhododendron tissue culture procedures
A: aseptic seedling; B: callus; C: bud inducing culture; D: the bud of growing thickly after the propagation; E: the tissue cultivating seedling of root induction; F: the tissue cultivating seedling after the transplanting; G: the root system of tissue cultivating seedling; H: (light intensity is the tender stem of cultivating under the different light intensity from left to right: 420Lux; 1500Lux; 2200Lux)
Fig. 2 transplants process for the tissue cultivating seedling water planting
A: the water culture experiment of tissue cultivating seedling after taking exercise of taking root; B: transplant the tissue cultivating seedling of taking root that buries; C: transplant survival tissue cultivating seedling
Embodiment:
Further illustrate the present invention in the following embodiments, this does not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The korean rhododendron seed that gather in cloud Mengshan, Beijing district, on superclean bench, the korean rhododendron seed was soaked seed 30~60 minutes with sterile water, take off heavy seed, change 0.1% HgCl2 solution disinfection 5 minutes then over to, with aseptic water washing 3 times, again with 0.1% HgCl2 sterilization 5 minutes, aseptic water washing 4 times is seeded in and contains on 3% sucrose and the 0.7% agar aseptic culture medium.Condition of culture is 25 ± 1 ℃, and dark changes 12 hours conditions of illumination every day over to and cultivates after germinateing about 2 weeks, about February, get the epicotyl segment initial culture of stem apex.
The initial culture medium is the additional IBA 1mg/L of azalea medium, and ZT 5mg/L, condition of culture are 25 ± 1 ℃, illumination every day 12 hours, and light intensity is 2000~3000Lux..Induce the bud of growing thickly in a large number about 60 days, several about 30 of the every clump of bud clump.
Grow thickly bud by 3~4 bud cutting and separating propagation of follow-up generation, and medium is improvement B
5Medium adds 6-BA 1mg/L, and NAA 0.1mg/L, condition of culture are 25 ± 1 ℃, illumination every day 14 hours, and light intensity is 2200Lux..Bred about 50 days, every clump of bud number can reach about 20.Subculture still can keep for 10 times about higher growth coefficient 5-6.
The bud grafting root induction medium of growing thickly is the additional IBA 0.5mg/L+ZT 0.2mg/L of azalea medium, and condition of culture is 25 ± 1 ℃, illumination every day 12 hours, and light intensity is 2000~3000Lux..Left and right sides rooting rate was 88% in 40 days.
The group training table of taking root forwards the water planting condition to: planting in homemade capacity is in the water planting culture plate of 2.5L, every dish 80~100 strains, 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, intensity of illumination is 2000~3000Lux, light application time is 12 hours/day, nutrient solution is ventilated continuously with electric air pump, changes one time of nutrition liquid every 7 days, cultivates about January.
Tissue cultivating seedling changes the seedbed over to, shades 60%, and the control temperature is no more than 25 ℃, through about one month, and survival rate 100%, growing state is better.
Embodiment 2
The cultivation program is all undertaken by embodiment 1, institute's difference provenance that is to collect seed is cloud Mengshan, Shandong, the initial culture explant is the aseptic seedling stem apex, and the inducing clumping bud medium is the additional 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA1mg/L of improvement .B5 medium, naa NAA0.1mg/L.The shoot proliferation medium is the additional indolebutyric acid IBA 1mg/L of azalea medium, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 5mg/L.The root induction medium is the additional naa 2mg/L of azalea medium, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA0.2mg/L.
Embodiment 3
The cultivation program is all undertaken by embodiment 1, and institute's difference provenance that is to collect seed is the mist Lingshan, Hebei, and the initial culture medium is the additional 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA1.5mg/L of improvement .B5 medium, naa NAA0.2mg/L.The shoot proliferation medium is the additional indolebutyric acid IBA 1.5mg/L of azalea medium, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 10mg/L.The root induction medium is the additional naa 1.5mg/L of azalea medium, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA0.1mg/L.
Embodiment 4
The cultivation program is all undertaken by embodiment 1, and institute difference seed collecting provenance is mountain area, Dandong, and the initial culture base is the additional 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA1.2mg/L of azalea medium, naa NAA0.2mg/L.The shoot proliferation medium is the additional indolebutyric acid IBA 1.2mg/L of azalea medium, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 6mg/L.The root induction medium is the additional naa 2.5mg/L of azalea medium, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA0.3mg/L.
Embodiment 5
The cultivation program is all undertaken by embodiment 1, and institute's difference initial culture base is the additional 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA1.8mg/L of improvement .B5 medium, naa NAA0.3mg/L.The shoot proliferation medium is the additional indolebutyric acid IBA 0.8mg/L of azalea medium, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 4mg/L.The root induction medium is the additional naa 1.8mg/L of azalea medium, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA0.3mg/L.
Table one: azalea medium (Anderson W.C, 1984) composition
Component | Composition | Content (mg/L) |
Macroelement | Ammonium nitrate | 412.5 |
Potassium nitrate | 475 | |
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 170 | |
Bitter salt | 370 | |
Two hydration calcium chloride | 440 | |
Trace element | Four hydrated manganese sulfates | 22.3 |
Zinc vitriol | 8.6 | |
Boric acid | 6.2 | |
Two molybdic acid hydrate sodium | 0.25 | |
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate | 0.025 |
Salzburg vitriol | 0.025 | |
Organic element | Inositol | 100 |
Nicotinic acid | 0.5 | |
Thiamine hydrochloride | 0.1 | |
Puridoxine hydrochloride | 0.5 | |
Glycine | 2.0 | |
Molysite | Green vitriol | 55.6 |
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate | 74.6 |
Table two: improvement B5 medium composition
Component | Composition | Content (mg/L) |
Macroelement | Ammonium sulfate | 268 |
Potassium nitrate | 750 | |
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 150 | |
Bitter salt | 500 | |
Two hydration calcium chloride | 150 | |
Trace element | Four hydrated manganese sulfates | 10 |
Zinc vitriol | 2 | |
Boric acid | 3 | |
Two molybdic acid hydrate sodium | 0.25 | |
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate | 0.025 | |
Salzburg vitriol | 0.025 | |
Organic element | Inositol | 100 |
Nicotinic acid | 1 | |
Thiamine hydrochloride | 1 | |
Puridoxine hydrochloride | 10 | |
Molysite | Green vitriol | 55.6 |
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate | 74.6 |
Table 3: tissue cultivating seedling is transplanted the nutritive element proportioning of domestication mill water culture nutrient solution
Macroelement | KH 2PO 4 | 0.1-0.25mmol/L |
(NH 4) 2SO 4 | 0.1-0.5mmol/L | |
K 2SO 4 | 0.1-0.5mmol/L | |
MgSO 4·7H 2O | 0.1-0.5mmol/L | |
CaSO 4·2H 2O | 0.1-0.5mmol/L | |
Trace element | Na 2Fe-EDTA | 50-100μmol/L |
MnSO 4·4H 2O | 5.5-9.5μmol/L | |
ZnSO 4·7H 2O | 0.8μmol/L | |
CuSO 4·5H 2O | 0.1-0.3μmol/L | |
(NH 4) 2Mo 7O 24·4H 2O | 0.02μmol/L | |
H 3BO 3 | 46.3μmol/L |
Claims (7)
1. korean rhododendron tissue-culturing rapid propagation and domestication transplanting method, this method comprise that (1) explant selects: (2) initial culture: after the explant segment, induce through two months first generation, obtain to grow thickly bud.(3) adventitious buds proliferation is cultivated: the bud shoot proliferation on the shoot proliferation medium that obtains to grow thickly, 45 days subcultures once, growth coefficient is 5-6.(4) root induction: the bud root induction on the root induction medium of growing thickly, to cultivate about January, rooting rate reaches 90%.(5) domestication of tissue cultivating seedling water planting and transplanting.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that explant is the epicotyl of the aseptic seedling stem apex of korean rhododendron.
3. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that initial culture, shoot proliferation, root induction minimal medium are azalea medium and improvement B
5Medium selects one, and additional hormone is that the basic element of cell division is 6-BA, and ZT selects one, and growth hormone is IBA, and NAA selects one.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that tissue cultivating seedling is transplanted domestication mill water culture nutrient solution macroelement and microelement match sees Table 3, transferring pH is 5.5.It is in the water planting culture plate of 2.5L that transplanted seedling is planted in homemade capacity, and 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, intensity of illumination are 2000~3000Lux, and light application time is 12 hours/day, and nutrient solution is ventilated continuously with electric air pump, changes one time of nutrition liquid every 7 days, cultivates about January.Tissue cultivating seedling changes flowerpot over to after water planting, put cloudy place, and cultivation temperature is no more than 25 ℃.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 3, inducing the grow thickly initial culture base of bud of korean rhododendron is that following prescription selects one: A. azalea medium (seeing Table 1) adds indolebutyric acid IBA 0.5-1mg/L, zeatin ZT2-5mg/L.B. the azalea medium adds indolebutyric acid IBA 0.5-1mg/L, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 5-10mg/L.C improvement .B5 medium (seeing Table 2) 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA1-5mg/L, naa NAA 0.1-0.5mg/L.
6, in accordance with the method for claim 3, the korean rhododendron bud shoot proliferation medium of growing thickly is that following prescription selects one: A. azalea medium adds naa NAA 0.1-0.2mg/L, zeatin ZT 5-10mg/L.B. the azalea medium adds indolebutyric acid IBA 1-2mg/L, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 5-10mg/L.C improves B
5Medium 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 0.5-1mg/L, naa 0.05-0.5mg/L.
7, in accordance with the method for claim 3, the korean rhododendron blastogenesis root induction medium of growing thickly is that following prescription selects one: A. azalea medium adds IBA 0.5-1mg/L+0.2-0.5mg/L ZT.B. the azalea medium adds naa 1-2mg/L, 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 0.1-0.5.C improvement .B5 medium 6-benzylamino adenine 6-BA 0.1-0.5mg/L, IBA 1-2mg/L.
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