CN1726381A - Magnetic position sensor - Google Patents

Magnetic position sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1726381A
CN1726381A CNA2003801062147A CN200380106214A CN1726381A CN 1726381 A CN1726381 A CN 1726381A CN A2003801062147 A CNA2003801062147 A CN A2003801062147A CN 200380106214 A CN200380106214 A CN 200380106214A CN 1726381 A CN1726381 A CN 1726381A
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magnetic
measurement plane
sensor configuration
motion
coordinates
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CN100353143C (en
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S·布茨曼恩
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

What is described is a configuration for determining the position of a body on an at least largely linear motion coordinate, along which two magnetic configurations are disposed, each equipped with at least one pair of magnetic north and south poles, and disposed between the magnetic configurations is a magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration, which is set up to measure the direction of a resultant magnetic field spanned by the magnetic configurations and extending between them in a measurement plane relative to a spatial reference direction lying in this measurement plane. The motion coordinate is aligned at least largely at right angles to the measurement plane of the magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration, and magnetic axes of the two magnetic configurations extend essentially parallel to the measurement plane and projections of these magnetic axes onto the measurement plane are aligned to be offset by predetermined angles relative to one another. At least a first of the magnetic configurations is connected to the body and disposed to be mobile, together with the latter, relative to the magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration along the motion coordinate.As a result, a configuration for determining the position of a body with the aid of an angle sensor in cases of an at least largely linear motion is created.

Description

Magnetic position sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure of measuring object space.
Background technology
Known that magnetoresistive transducer can be used for measuring magnetic field, the most frequently used to purposes be speed pickup and angular transducer as the anti-locking system of motor vehicle braking system.But magnetoresistive transducer, especially AMR sensor at present rarely are used to measure the basic linear motion that is, and this to be the new application of automotive engineering wish very much.
The position transducer that has at least two non-contact sensor unit is used to measure the element that can move relative to sensor unit, and this sensor is open at German patent DE 195,30 386 A1.The transducing signal of sensor unit has produced measuring-signal, from the phase place of the measuring-signal of relative time clock signal, can determine the position of the element that moves relative to sensor unit.But this angle position, position or linear position.
The angular transducer that has at least two non-contact sensor unit, wherein sensor unit is arranged to setover mutually certain angle, can understand from European patent EP 0 671 605 A2.The sensor voltage of sensor unit is the even sine function (sensor characteristic) that relatively rotates the angle that element measures, but has angular deviation.This angular transducer is arranged on the chip, comprises two sensor units that are positioned on the chip, has the bridgeware that intermeshes, and the bridgeware of a sensor unit is bridgewares of next sensor element through 45 spatial movement of spending around common mid point.The angular transducer voltage that constitutes the tolerance that takes measurement of an angle can produce by the evaluation circuits that is connected to bridgeware in the angular range of 180 degree clearly.
With other sensor relatively, such AMR angular transducer, the angle that two full-bridges and the algorithm by 45 degree of setovering detects adjacent magnetic field, its advantage is to have very high absolute precision in very wide temperature range.Therefore wish that such sensor can detect the position of the element that is linear movement basically.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of structure, can under the situation of substantially linear motion at least, determine the position of object by angular transducer.
The present invention has realized this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of structure, can measure the position of object on the substantially linear coordinates of motion at least.Be provided with two magnetic components along coordinate, has at least one pair of magnetic north pole and the South Pole on it respectively, between described magnetic component, be provided with magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration, be used to measure the direction of the resultant magnetic field that described magnetic component covers, is extending between described magnetic component in the space reference direction of described measurement plane on the measurement plane relatively the resultant magnetic field, basic at least the measurement plane of the wherein said coordinates of motion with the described relatively magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration in right angle, the magnetic axis of described two magnetic components is basically parallel to measurement plane and extends, the projection of these magnetic axises on the measurement plane predetermined angular of setovering mutually, at least the first magnetic component is connected to object, is arranged to move along the coordinates of motion relative to magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration together with object.Therefore the direction of the magnetic field line between the South Pole and the arctic represents the magnetic axis of magnetic component.
In structure according to the present invention, utilize magnetic field structure spare, to setover mutually by magnetic axis, the resultant magnetic field covers the subspace of extending between the magnetic component along the coordinates of motion, and its magnetic field line is spiral basically.This resultant magnetic field is included in the field component on the measurement plane.Direction in the field component on the measurement plane changes along the space reference direction that the coordinates of motion are positioned on the measurement plane relatively.If magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration changes along the field wire of the resultant magnetic field that this relatively mode in the position of the coordinates of motion forms, magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration changes simultaneously in the direction of the field component of the resultant magnetic field that measurement plane is measured.
Object moves along the substantially linear of the coordinates of motion and therefore converts rotatablely moving of the field wire of resultant magnetic field on measurement plane by structure of the present invention to plain mode.This rotatablely moves and can very accurately measure by magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration.Formed a kind of object space of measuring, point-device measurement structure in the time of simple firm, the environment that can be advantageously used in having high mechanical stress and/or thermal stress.Therefore can be used for automobile engineering according to structure of the present invention, in particular for the occasion that has described stress and require accurately to measure.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, second magnetic component and magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration with fixed intervals along coordinates of motion setting.In the embodiments of the invention, the position relative motion coordinate of second magnetic component and magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration is fixed, and first magnetic texure moves along the coordinates of motion with object.The result is that along the size of the subspace that the coordinates of motion are extended, wherein the resultant magnetic field covers the subspace, along the move change of the coordinates of motion with first magnetic component and object between magnetic component.The magnetic field line that has also changed the resultant magnetic field simultaneously moves in opposite direction in the distribution of the subspace of extending along the coordinates of motion between the magnetic component, makes the spiral characteristic steepening of magnetic field line or shoals, and this depends on the interval of magnetic component.As for magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration, it fixedly installs with the second magnetic component relative motion coordinate, and the direction of the field component of the resultant magnetic field that forms on measurement plane and measure changes according to the synchronized movement of the object and first magnetic component.Therefore the direction of the field component of the resultant magnetic field that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration is measured on measurement plane has constituted the direct tolerance of the object that moves along the coordinates of motion.
In different preferred embodiments according to the present invention, be connected to object with fixed intervals between first and second magnetic components are mutual, so can move together along the coordinates of motion relative to magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration.In this embodiment of the present invention, magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration relative motion coordinate is fixed, and first and second magnetic components move along the coordinates of motion with object.Consequently, along the size of the subspace that the coordinates of motion are extended between magnetic component, wherein the resultant magnetic field covers the subspace, and the resultant magnetic field does not change when movement of objects in the field distribution of this sub spaces.Just the position of the relative resultant magnetic field of magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration changes when movement of objects.But, utilize the spiral form of resultant magnetic field in the field distribution of described subspace, the direction of the field component of the resultant magnetic field of measuring on the measurement plane and forming in magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration also according to the motion change of magnetic component and object.Therefore in this structure, the direction of the field component of the resultant magnetic field of measuring on measurement plane by magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration has constituted the direct tolerance of the object that moves along the coordinates of motion.
Certainly the present invention also comprises a kind of structure, and it is provided with described object, described magnetic texure and described magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration, this structure pass through converse formation of motion of the structure of introducing and these combined members.For example, object may make up with magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration, and this subassembly is arranged to move relative to magnetic component along the coordinates of motion together.Described object and a described magnetic component can make up with magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration, and this subassembly is arranged to move relative to other magnetic component along the coordinates of motion together.
Aspect tool superiority of the present invention, the projection of the magnetic axis of first and second magnetic components on measurement plane forms the angle that is at least 90 degree.The selection of the projection angulation of the magnetic axis of magnetic component is provided the spiral maximum likelihood of resultant magnetic field magnetic field line, the angle that the projection of the magnetic axis of selection magnetic component forms, preferably think about angular dimension, magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration adopts this angle to send clean signal.
Can be conveniently used in automotive field according to structure of the present invention.Particularly, the object of measuring position can be the moving component of motor vehicles.Best, object is the internal combustion engine of motor vehicles or the moving component of brake system.Application with superiority of the present invention also comprises the impact absorption part of moving component, the especially motor vehicles on the chassis of motor vehicles.When these component movement, its position can be by of the present invention simple in structure, and is reliable and accurately measure.Particularly, the intensity that this structure is had under the general stress of automotive field, with and the design of compact and weight reduction, also make this structure have superiority.
Description of drawings
Embodiment below by showing with reference to the accompanying drawings the invention is not restricted to these embodiment, and the present invention is further introduced.
Fig. 1 has schematically shown according to the front view of the structure of the mensuration object space of the first embodiment of the present invention (view A);
Fig. 2 has schematically shown the sectional view according to the structure of the mensuration object space of the first embodiment of the present invention along the section B-B of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 has schematically shown according to the side view of the structure of the mensuration object space of the first embodiment of the present invention (view C);
Fig. 4 has schematically shown the sectional view according to the structure of the mensuration object space of the first embodiment of the present invention along the section D-D of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 has schematically shown the front view (view E) of the structure of mensuration object space according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 has schematically shown along the sectional view of the structure of the mensuration object space according to a second embodiment of the present invention of the section F-F of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 has schematically shown the side view (view G) of the structure of mensuration object space according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 has schematically shown along the sectional view of the structure of the mensuration object space according to a second embodiment of the present invention of the section H-H of Fig. 7.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 has shown that schematically as the basic of the first embodiment of the present invention be the front view of the object 1 of piston-like, is expressed as among the figure " view A ", will measure its position on the coordinates of motion b that is linearity substantially.For this reason, object 1 is designed to be provided with first piston shape part 2, the second piston-like parts 3 and the connection plate-like part 4 that is connected these two parts.Coordinates of motion b in the present embodiment overlaps with the longitudinal axis of object 1, specifically is the longitudinal axis of piston-like part 2 and 3.Be provided with two magnetic components 5 and 6 along coordinates of motion b, it is designed to permanent magnet in the present embodiment, has a pair of magnetic north pole and the South Pole respectively, is respectively 7,9 and 8,10.First magnetic component, i.e. first permanent magnet, it is labeled as 5, is connected to the first piston shape part 2 of object 1, its arctic be labeled as 7, the South Pole be labeled as 8.Second permanent magnet, it is labeled as 6, is connected to the second piston-like part 3 of object 1, has the arctic that is labeled as 9 and the South Pole that is labeled as 10.
For the space structure of object 1 and permanent magnet 5,6 is described, Fig. 2 has shown along the sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 1 of section B-B; Fig. 3 has shown side view, is expressed as " view C " among the figure; Fig. 4 has shown along the sectional view of the section D-D of Fig. 3.
In the structure of being introduced, the magnetic axis of permanent magnet 5,6 is parallel to the plane vertical with coordinates of motion b, and this plane is as measurement plane.This measurement plane is parallel to section B-B and D-D.The projection of permanent magnet 5 and 6 magnetic axis also on measurement plane, the predetermined angular of setovering mutually, this angle is 90 degree in the embodiment shown.The magnetic axis that utilizes permanent magnet 5,6 and setover mutually in this way, the resultant magnetic field covers the subspace of extending along coordinates of motion b between two permanent magnets 5,6.The magnetic field line of resultant magnetic field is spiral basically.The resultant magnetic field does not show its magnetic field line for the reason of simplifying, and comprises the field component that is positioned on the measurement plane, and the direction of the field component on the measurement plane is positioned at space reference direction on the measurement plane relatively along the variation of coordinates of motion b.
Fig. 1 is in structure shown in Figure 4, and magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 is arranged between the permanent magnet 5,6, and it is used for measuring the direction of the field component of resultant magnetic field on measurement plane that is covered by permanent magnet 5,6.Fig. 1 has shown the housing 12 of magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 to Fig. 4, and housing comprises AMR (anisotropic magnetic resistance) angular transducer module, and it is such as knowing from European patent EP 0 671 605 A2.Also schematically shown terminal 13, magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 is physically connected to signal evaluation circuit (not shown in the diagram) by terminal.
If magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 changes along the field wire of the relative resultant magnetic field, position of coordinates of motion b, the direction of the field component of resultant magnetic field on measurement plane that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 is measured changes synchronously.Therefore, when magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 has moved to the first piston shape part 2 of object 1 along coordinates of motion b, the direction of the field component of resultant magnetic field on measurement plane that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 is measured is corresponding to the direction of the magnetic axis of permanent magnet 5, and permanent magnet is connected to the first piston shape part 2 of object 1.If, on the other hand, when magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 moves to the second piston-like part 3 of object 1 along coordinates of motion b, therefore the direction of the field component of resultant magnetic field on measurement plane that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 is measured has rotated 90 degree corresponding to the direction of the magnetic axis of the permanent magnet 6 of the second piston-like part 3 that is connected to object 1.
Therefore direction on the measurement plane that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 is measured is the direct tolerance of magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 along the position of coordinates of motion b.Object 1 with permanent magnet 5,6 together along coordinates of motion b under the situation that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 moves, the direction on measurement plane that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 11 is measured is the direct tolerance of object 1 in the position of coordinates of motion b.
Fig. 5 has schematically shown as the front view of the object 20 of the second embodiment of the present invention, be expressed as " view E " among the figure, and object still is piston-like substantially, will measure it and be the position on the linear movement coordinate c basic.Coordinates of motion c in the present embodiment overlaps with the longitudinal axis of object 20.Be provided with two magnetic components 21 and 22 along coordinates of motion c, it has the form of permanent magnet in the present embodiment, has a pair of magnetic north pole and the South Pole respectively, is respectively 23,25 and 24,26.First magnetic component, i.e. first permanent magnet, it is labeled as 21, is connected to first piston shape object 20, its arctic be labeled as 23, the South Pole be labeled as 24.Second permanent magnet, it is labeled as 22, is connected to part 27, and its relative motion coordinate c fixes, and also has piston-like in the embodiment shown, has constituted the mating section of object 20, has the arctic that is labeled as 25 and the South Pole that is labeled as 26.
For the space structure of object 20 and permanent magnet 21,22 is described, Fig. 6 has shown along the sectional view of Fig. 5 structure of section F-F; Fig. 7 has shown side view, is expressed as " view G " among the figure; Fig. 8 has shown along the sectional view of the section H-H of Fig. 7.
In the structure of being introduced, the magnetic axis of permanent magnet 21,22 is parallel to the plane vertical with the coordinates of motion, and this plane is as measurement plane.This measurement plane is parallel to cross section F-F and H-H.The projection of permanent magnet 21 and 22 magnetic axis also on measurement plane, the predetermined angular of setovering mutually, this angle is 90 degree in the embodiment shown.Utilize permanent magnet 21 and 22 and the mutual magnetic axis of biasing in this way, the resultant magnetic field covers along the subspace that coordinates of motion c extends between two permanent magnets 21,22.The magnetic field line of resultant magnetic field is spiral basically.The resultant magnetic field does not show its magnetic field line for the reason of simplifying, and comprises the field component that is positioned on the measurement plane, and the space reference direction that the direction of the field component on the measurement plane can be positioned on the measurement plane relatively changes along coordinates of motion c.
In structure shown in Figure 8, magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 is arranged between the permanent magnet 21,22 at Fig. 5, and it is used to measure the direction of the field component on the measurement plane of the resultant magnetic field that permanent magnet 21,22 covers.Fig. 5 has shown the housing 29 of magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 in Fig. 8, housing comprises AMR (anisotropic magnetic resistance) angular transducer module, as knowing from European patent EP 0 671 605 A2.Also schematically shown terminal 30, magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 is physically connected to signal evaluation circuit by terminal, and it is not shown in the diagram.In this embodiment, by supporting the piston-like part 27 of second permanent magnet 22, magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 relative motion coordinate c fix.
According to embodiments of the invention, second permanent magnet 22 and magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 are provided with along coordinates of motion c apart from one another by fixed range.First permanent magnet 21 moves along coordinates of motion c with object 20.Consequently, along the size of the subspace that coordinates of motion c extends, wherein the subspace is synthesized magnetic field and covers between permanent- magnetic field 21,22, with first permanent magnet 21 move and object 20 changes along moving of coordinates of motion c.This has changed the distribution at the magnetic field line of the resultant magnetic field of the subspace of extending along coordinates of motion c equally between permanent magnet 21,22, move in opposite direction, and the spiral characteristic steepening of magnetic field line and shoaling depends on the interval of permanent magnet 21,22.Magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 is with second permanent magnet 22, and relative motion coordinate c fixedly installs, and the direction of the field component of the resultant magnetic field of measuring on measurement plane and forming changes according to the synchronized movement of the object 20 and first permanent magnet 21.Therefore the direction of the field component of the resultant magnetic field that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 29 is measured on measurement plane has constituted the direct tolerance of the object 20 that moves along coordinates of motion c.
Particularly, when object 20 when coordinates of motion c moves to magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28, the direction of the field component of the resultant magnetic field that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 is measured on measurement plane is therefore corresponding to the direction of the magnetic axis of first permanent magnet 21.If, on the other hand, object 20 moves to apart from magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 a distance in opposite direction along coordinates of motion c, this distance is greater than the distance between the magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 and second permanent magnet 22, therefore the direction of the field component that magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 is measured on measurement plane has rotated 90 degree corresponding to the direction of the magnetic axis of second permanent magnet 22.
Therefore magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration 28 constitutes the direct tolerance of the position of the object 20 on the coordinates of motion in the direction of measuring on the measurement plane.
The field wire rotation of being introduced, promptly change along the direction of the coordinates of motion in the field component of the resultant magnetic field that measurement plane is measured, its spiral form by the resultant magnetic field produces and can measure reliably by magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration, the absolute value that is totally independent of magnetic field intensity changes, as long as angular transducer is worked under state of saturation.
Particularly under the situation of second embodiment, the measurement relation between the angle of the field component that the coordinates of motion and magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration are measured can be non-linear.Relation between object space and the field wire angle is preferably carried out linearization by the respective opposed conversion of angular transducer being sent signal.

Claims (9)

1. one kind is being the structure of measuring object space on the linear movement coordinate substantially, be provided with two magnetic components along coordinate, has at least one pair of magnetic north pole and the South Pole on it respectively, be provided with magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration between the described magnetic component, be used to measure the direction of the resultant magnetic field that described magnetic component covers, is extending between described magnetic component in the space reference direction of described measurement plane on the measurement plane relatively described resultant magnetic field, the wherein said coordinates of motion are basically with the measurement plane of the described relatively magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration in right angle, the magnetic axis of described two magnetic components is basically parallel to measurement plane and extends, the projection of described magnetic axis on the measurement plane predetermined angular of setovering mutually, at least described first magnetic component is connected to object, is arranged to move along the coordinates of motion relative to described magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration together with object.
2. structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, has fixed intervals along the described coordinates of motion between second magnetic component and the described magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration.
3. structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described first and second magnetic components are connected to the object of fixed distance, and is arranged to and can moves with object along the described coordinates of motion relative to described magnetoresistive angle-sensor configuration.
4. according to each described structure in the claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that the angle that the projection of the magnetic axis of described first and second magnetic components on described measurement plane forms is at least 90 degree.
5. according to each described structure in the claim of front, it is characterized in that described object is the moving component of motor vehicles.
6. structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described object is the moving component of the internal combustion engine of motor vehicles.
7. structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described object is the moving component of the brake system of motor vehicles.
8. structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described object is the moving component on the chassis of motor vehicles.
9. structure according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described object is the moving component of the surge arrester of motor vehicles.
CNB2003801062147A 2002-12-18 2003-12-10 Magnetic position sensor Expired - Fee Related CN100353143C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02102796 2002-12-18
EP02102796.6 2002-12-18

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CN100353143C CN100353143C (en) 2007-12-05

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EP (1) EP1576339A1 (en)
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CN (1) CN100353143C (en)
AU (1) AU2003302983A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004055481A1 (en)

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AU2003302983A1 (en) 2004-07-09
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WO2004055481A1 (en) 2004-07-01
US20060066297A1 (en) 2006-03-30
US7119534B2 (en) 2006-10-10
JP2006510879A (en) 2006-03-30

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