CN1715915A

CN1715915A - Molecular detection method for fusarium toxin

Info

Publication number: CN1715915A
Application number: CN 200410009300
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖玉才; 武爱波; 李和平; 赵纯森
Original assignee: Huazhong Agricultural University
Current assignee: Huazhong Agricultural University
Priority date: 2004-07-02
Filing date: 2004-07-02
Publication date: 2006-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2024-07-02
Also published as: CN1312475C

Abstract

The present invention relates to plant inspection and quarantine technology, and is especially molecular detection technology of fusarium toxin. The present invention features that by means of one pair of primers designed by the present inventor, fusarium toxin DON and NIV gene segments of whole length 300 bp and 360 bp separately are separated from fusarium. The present invention adopts only one pair of specific primers to detect the type of fusarium, deoxynivalenol (DON) or nivalenol (NIV) through once PCR proliferation reaction and 2.0 % agar-sugar gel electrophoresis to detect PCR product, and based on the length of the product length. The present invention may be used in the detection of fusarium toxin DON and NIV contamination of grains, feed and food.

Description

A kind of molecular detecting method of fusarium toxin

Technical field

The invention belongs to plant inspection quarantine technical field, relate in particular to a kind of inspection and quarantine method of fusarium toxin, relevant with molecular detection technology.

Background technology

By the microbial head blight of reaping hook (Fusarium head blight or scab) is a kind of important disease of moist temperate zone, world area harm wheat, cause the serious underproduction, and the toxin that head blight produces can make the person poultry poisoning, and the wheat edible quality is reduced, and threatens the health of humans and animals.Sickle-like bacteria can produce multiple trichothecene family's toxin (trichothecene).These toxin can suppress the eukaryotic cells protein synthesis, destroy the immune system of humans and animals, and the poisoner is often with symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhoea, dizzinesses, and the sick wheat poisoning of head blight is one of topmost fungoid food poisoning of China.In China head blight region of disease, Fusarium graminearum (Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) is main pathogenic species, and its perfect stage is Gibberella zeae (Gibberella zeae).Fusarium graminearum produces Type B trichothecene toxin, mainly comprises toxin deoxynivalenol (deoxynivalenol is called for short DON) and nivalenol (nivalenol is called for short NIV).Because DON and NIV serious threat are to human and animal's safety, breeding circle both at home and abroad, pathology educational circles, medical circle and national governments' inspection and quarantine department are all attached great importance to the detection monitoring research of these two kinds of toxin.

The detection method of fusarium toxin mainly is a chemical assay at present, but its purifying procedure is more time-consuming and complicated, needs expensive instrument and equipment.(Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ELISA) also is used for fusarium toxin and measures, and is mainly used in the detection of mycotoxin in the grain samples for immuno-chemical method such as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The ELISA kit that fast detecting fusarium toxin DON is only arranged at present, because often contain some other derivants in its detected toxin, so the result who measures is often higher, and the present commercial reagents box that does not also detect toxin NIV comes out.Along with in the international trade between the various countries grain Import and export volume constantly enlarge, various countries have strengthened at the port entry-exit management to wheat and corn, be badly in need of in the quarantine practice a kind of fast, sensitive, detect whether there is endotoxin contamination in the food import exactly, to judge whether it is qualified, can advance to close.

In recent years along with the fast development of sickle-like bacteria molecular biology research, synthetic, the toxin gene expression regulation aspect of contratoxin obtained some very significative results, particularly in the research of trichodiene synthase gene, the many genes that relate in the toxin route of synthesis and the effect in the toxin metabolic pathway of synthesizing have been disclosed.Therefore, many researchers wish effectively to utilize these up-to-date molecular biology research result and related gene sequence informations, to find a kind of method that sickle-like bacteria produces toxin type and content that identifies simply, fast, at low cost.Recently, the researchist of several countries has done some good tries, Kim etc. pass through Tri5, Tri13 and Tri7 gene order information, check and analysis are respectively from barley, toxin DON and NIV (Kim that the Fusarium graminearum of wheat and cotton (Fusarium graminearum) produces, H-S et al.Polymorphism of trichothecene biosynthesis genes in deoxynivalenol-andnivalenol-producing Fusarium graminearum isolates.Mycol.Res., 2003107,190-197), wherein the operating process of Tri5 detection method relates to the Southern hybridization technique, expense is higher, be difficult to widely apply in practice, and according to Tri5, two kinds of detection methods of Tri13 and Tri7 are three kinds of crop barleys, occurred qualification result and the inconsistent situation of chemical analysis testing result in wheat and the cotton, caused testing result and certain deviation occurred; Difference (the Bakan et al.Identification by PCR of Fusarium culmorum strains producing largeand small amounts of deoxynivalenol.Appl.and Environ.Microbiol. of the high yield DON that Bakan etc. have detected by round pcr and 6 French fusarium culmorums (Fusarium culmorum) bacterial strain of low yield DON toxin, 2002,68:5472-5479), used multiple different primer, and only relate to the detection of a kind of toxin DON, bacterial strain is the Fusarium fusarium culmorum, non-Fusarium graminearum; Chandler etc. have detected three kinds of sickle-like bacteria Fusariumgraminearum by Tri7 and Tri13, Fusarium culmorum and the toxigenic situation of Fusarium cereali (Chandler et al.Development of PCR assays to Tri7 and Tri13 trichothecene biosynthetic genes, andcharacterization of chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium culmorum andFusarium cerealis. Physiol.and Mol.Plant Pathol., 2003,62:355-367), having used 10 pairs of primers detects, the specificity fragment length of toxin DON and NIV is uncertain, and more toxin testing result misfits each other.Owing to exist above some to lack limit, cause these method distance detection practical applications of toxin in grain and food security to differ far away.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome scarce limit and the deficiency that prior art exists, develop and a kind ofly can quick and precisely detect the method for identifying molecules that fusarium toxin pollutes in toxin that sickle-like bacteria bacterial strain itself produces and grain, the food security, to reach accurately, to detect simultaneously fast, cheaply the purpose of 2 kinds of fusarium toxin DON and NIV.

The present invention be achieved in that the toxin controlling gene Tri5-Tri6 intergenic region territory sequence information that utilizes several Fusarium graminearums of having published among the Genbank and fusarium culmorum ( Http:// www.ebi.ac.uk/embl/index.html), establish

Count a pair of

Auele Specific Primer is to amplify the fragment of difference maximum between the bacterial strain toxin producing gene.Through behind pcr amplification, product detects through agarose gel electrophoresis, according to PCR product banding pattern directly fast detecting go out Fusarium graminearum itself and produce toxin DON and NIV, can be used for the detection of fusarium toxin DON and NIV in field wheat seed and the corn kernel simultaneously.Concrete steps are as follows:

The specific fragment of a kind of sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) toxin deoxynivalenol (DON), its dna sequence dna is shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:3, and the sequence total length is 300bp.

The specific fragment of a kind of sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) toxin nivalenol (NIV), its dna sequence dna is shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:4, and the sequence total length is 360bp.

Be used to the to increase primer of DNA specific fragment of above-mentioned fusarium toxin DON, NIV, its dna sequence dna is shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:1 and SEQ ID NO:2.

A kind of molecular detecting method of fusarium toxin, its step comprises:

1) separation, purifying Fusarium graminearum are identified the back preservation;

2) bacterial strain that step 1) is obtained places dull and stereotyped last 25 ℃ of the PDA, the dark condition that are covered with the sterilization viscose paper to cultivate 7 days down, and the mycelia of collection grind into powder in liquid nitrogen is with CTAB method extracting mycelia DNA;

3) get 0.5g left and right sides biological sample to be detected and in liquid nitrogen, grind after, extract DNA with the CTAB method, dissolve with 50ul TE, add 2ul 10mg/ml RNA enzyme, behind 37 ℃ of water-bath 30min, it with volume ratio 25: 24: 1 phenol: chloroform: isoamylol solution purification DNA, repeat deposit D NA once, use 50ul TE dissolving DNA at last again, biological sample to be detected wherein is seed, feed or the food that polluted by fusarium toxin, or is subjected to plant and the tissue of the plant of fusarium toxin infection process;

4) with the primer shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:1 and the SEQ ID NO:2 to carrying out pcr amplification, obtain the specific fragment shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:3 and SEQ ID NO:4;

5) with step 2) and 3) dna fragmentation that obtains detects the product poison type of described Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain or/and whether tested biomaterial exists described toxin DON and/or NIV; The specificity band of fusarium toxin DON and NIV is respectively 300bp and 360bp.

Above-mentioned steps 4) said PCR concrete steps are:

1) amplification reaction system: in 25ul PCR reactant liquor, contain the 50ng template DNA, 2.5ul PCR damping fluid, 1.5ul 25mM MgCl ₂, 2ul 1.25mM dNTPs, 0.5ul Primerl (10pmol/ul), 0.5ul Primer2 (10pmol/ul), 1U Taq archaeal dna polymerase;

2) PCR reaction conditions: 95 ℃ of 5min; 94 ℃ of 1min, 55 ℃ of 1min, 72 ℃ of 55sec, 30 circulations; And eventually

Extend 72 ℃ of 6min;

3) after reaction is finished, get 15ul PCR product electrophoresis on 2.0% Ago-Gel, gel imaging system medium ultraviolet lamp is taken a picture down, according to the big or small result of determination of amplified production.

Obviously, the technical scheme above using, the present invention can be applicable to the evaluation of the toxin of sickle-like bacteria own and the biomaterial that the fusarium toxin because of potential in seed, feed or the food security of cereal crops infects or pollutes or the fast detecting of product.More detailed technical scheme is as described below:

1.1 bacterial strain is collected

Collect the sick fringe sample of head blight from Chinese different regions, cultivate through separate tissue and monospore purifying, after the form standard program is identified, obtain Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain (Fusarium graminearum Schwabe), comprise that the toxin type is the Chinese bacterial strain 4020 of DON.Also has Fusarium graminearum (Fusariumgraminearum) from America and Europe, Nepalese known generation toxin DON and NIV, above-mentioned bacterial strains is provided by doctor Nicholson of Britain John Ying Nasi research institute that (document is seen Carter etc., Variation in Fusarium graminearum isolates from Nepal associated with their hostof origin.Plant Pathol, 2000 (49): 1-10), as shown in table 1.

The toxogenic Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain in table 1 country variant of the present invention and area

Strain number	Source country	The host	The toxin type
Strain number	Source country	The host	The toxin type	IL42 ^a RLl ^a Lor9 ^a F700 ^b F701 ^b 4020 ^b 5005 ^b 7105 ^b 8029 ^b ML4 ^a RK10 ^a WLI ^a	U.S. Nepal Italy German China China Nepal Nepal Nepal	Wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat and corn rice and wheat	DON DON DON DON DON DON DON DON DON NIV NIV NIV

Annotate: this table is to utilize specific PCR to detect the Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain of known generation toxin DON and NIV. ^aThe bacterial strain of the malicious type of known product that expression is provided by doctor Nicholson of Britain; ^bThe bacterial strain of the toxin type of measuring through the HPLC method among expression the present invention.

1.2 toxin detects

Chinese Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain (seeing Table 1, following mark b) is inoculated in the aseptic plastic pipe that fills 50ml PDB fluid nutrient medium (commercial nutrient culture media potato dextrose broth is available from Britain DIFCO company), and shaken cultivation (20 ℃, a 150rpm) week.Centrifugal (4 ℃, 3000rpm) after, get the 5ml supernatant, add 5ml hexane (commercial analysis is pure), vortex 15 seconds leaves standstill to layering; With vacuum pump sucking-off upper organic phase, lower floor's sample joins in the silicagel column, with 1ml ethyl acetate (commercial analysis is pure) flushing 3 times, and solution evaporate to dryness (logical N ₂, 50 ℃), during to the solution residue 1ml left and right sides, add the 1ml ethyl acetate again, vortex 30sec, the complete evaporate to dryness of solution (logical N ₂, 50 ℃).The toxin sample after 0.2um aperture filter membrane (available from U.S. Waters company) filters, is gone up sample introduction analysis at high performance liquid chromatograph (available from U.S. Waters company, model is 2690) with 0.5ml 15% methyl alcohol (commercial analysis is pure) dissolving.System operational parameters is: moving phase is 15% methyl alcohol; Flow velocity 0.40ml/min; Wavelength 224nm; Sample size 20ul; Chromatographic column is Chrompack/varian, Chromspher C18 2 GlassCaridges of 3mm ID * 10cm; Guard column is Chromguard reversed phase 3.0mm * 12.5mm.

1.3 mycelia DNA extracting

Place dull and stereotyped last 25 ℃ of the PDA, the dark condition that are covered with the sterilization viscose paper to cultivate 7 days down the bacterial strain shown in the table 1; Collect mycelia with aseptic scraper blade, grind into powder in liquid nitrogen, with CTAB method extracting mycelia DNA (Nicholson et al.Differentiation and quantification of the cereal eyespot fungi Tapesia yallundae and Tapesiaacuformis using a PCR assay.Plant Pathol., 1997,46:842-856).Get the 100mg mycelia, after in liquid nitrogen, grinding, add 400ul DNA extraction damping fluid (0.4M NaCl, 10mM Tris-HCl, pH8.9,2mM EDTA, pH8.0), add 40ul 20% lauryl sodium sulfate (SDS) behind the mixing, 8.6ul concentration is the Proteinase K (available from U.S. Promega company) of 18.6mg/ul, place 65 ℃ of 1h, add 300ul 6M NaCl then, vortex 30 seconds, centrifugal (rotating speed 10000rpm, 30min, 4 ℃).Supernatant is changed in the new pipe, add isopyknic isopropyl alcohol, mixing is placed on-20 ℃ of 1h, centrifugal (rotating speed 10000rpm, 20min, 4 ℃) deposit D NA, after the washing of 70% alcohol, dry 15min under the room temperature, DNA are dissolved among the 50ul TE (proportioning: 10mM Tris-HCl pH8.0,1mM EDTA pH8.0).

1.4 the preparation of conidium suspending liquid

Inoculation after purifying, the evaluation (is filled a prescription: carboxymethyl cellulose 7.5g, NH at the CMC fluid nutrient medium ₄NO ₃0.5g, KH ₂PO ₄0.5g, MgSO ₄.7H ₂O 0.25g, yeast extract 0.5g, adding distil water is settled to 1L, uses behind 121 ℃ of autoclaving 15min, pH7.0) middle shaken cultivation (25 ℃ 150rpm) behind the generation conidium, with the blood counting chamber counting, are adjusted to 5 * 10 with spore concentration ⁵About individual/milliliter, after producing the conidial suspension mixed in equal amounts of the Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain 4020 of toxin DON and NIV and WL1 (table 1) respectively, be used for inoculation.

1.5 field florescence inoculation

At susceptible wheat breed " peace farming 8455 " blooming stage, with the stainless steel scissors cut off middle part wheat small ear inside and outside Ying top a little, inject the conidium equivalent mixed liquor 20ul of Fusarium graminearum 4020 and WL1 with micro syringe, inoculate 100 fringes, bagging is preserved moisture, remove the bag of preserving moisture after 7 days, collected specimens after 20 days is used for the wheat seed toxin analysis.

1.6 seed sample collection and DNA extracting

The sick wheat head of inoculation is gathered in the field, after 60 ℃ of oven dry, and manual threshing; Gather the corn ear of field natural infection head blight from Hebei, Hubei and other places, with the seed of wheat and corn according to introduced disease grade classification (accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 4).After getting seed about 0.5g and grinding in liquid nitrogen, in the 2ml centrifuge tube of packing into, the 1ml that adds 70 ℃ of preheatings extracts damping fluid (proportioning: 100mM Tris-HCl pH7.5,500mM NaCl, 50mM EDTA, 3%SDS, 1ul/ml β mercaptoethanol), 65 ℃ of water-bath 30min; The centrifugal 5min of 12000rpm gets supernatant, adds isopyknic phenol: chloroform: isoamylol (volume ratio is 25: 24: 1), put upside down mixing; The centrifugal 5min of 13000rpm; Get supernatant to new centrifuge tube, add the absolute ethyl alcohol of 2 times of volumes and the 3M NaAc solution of 1/10 volume in the pipe in advance, leave standstill 10min on ice; The centrifugal 5min of 130000rpm; Alcohol-pickled and washing and precipitating with 70%, air dry 30min, the seed DNA that extracts dissolves with 50ul TE, add 2ul 10mg/ml RNA enzyme (available from U.S. Sigma company), behind 37 ℃ of water-bath 30min, use phenol: chloroform: the purify DNA of isoamylol (volume ratio is 25: 24: 1), repeat deposit D NA once, use 50ul TE dissolving DNA at last again, be used for pcr amplification.

1.7 design of primers

Toxin controlling gene TRI5 and the interval region sequence information between the TRI6 of several generation toxin sickle-like bacteria that the present invention is used are published (referring to http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl/index.html, 2 Fusarium graminearums that produce toxin DON and NIV respectively, GeneBank accession number are AF33636 and AF336365; 3 fusarium culmorum GeneBank accession number that produce toxin DON are AF480836, AF480837, AY134892).By these sequences being carried out (Multiple Sequence Alignment) after the multiple comparative analysis, design a pair of Auele Specific Primer: P1 (forward, 5 '-GCCGTGGGGRTAAAAGTCAAA-3 ') and P2 (oppositely, 5 '-TGACAAGTCCGGTCGCACTAGCA-3 '), to amplify the fragment (60bp) of difference maximum between the bacterial strain generation toxin gene, directly judge bacterial strain from PCR product length and whether produce toxin DON (sequence length is 300bp) or NIV (sequence length is 360bp), thereby detect in the seed be subjected to sick wheat that the sickle-like bacteria bacterial strain infects and corn whether contain toxin DON and NIV.

1.8 specific PCR detects

In 25ul PCR reactant liquor, contain the 50ng template DNA, 2.5ul PCR damping fluid, 1.5ul 25mM MgCl ₂, 2ul1.25mM dNTPs, 0.5ul Primerl (10pmol/ul), 0.5ul Primer2 (10pmol/ul), 1U Taq polymerase.The PCR reaction conditions is: 95 ℃ of 5min; 94 ℃ of 1min, 55 ℃ of 1min, 72 ℃ of 55sec, 30 circulations; Last 72 ℃ of 6min.After reaction is finished, get 15ul PCR product electrophoresis on 2.0% Ago-Gel.Gel imaging system medium ultraviolet lamp is taken a picture (available from U.S. Bio-rad company) down, directly judges in Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain generation toxin itself and wheat, the corn kernel whether contain fusarium toxin DON and NIV according to the length of PCR product segment.

1.9 PCR product order-checking

Adopt the terminal cessation method of four look fluorescence, carry out sequencing to producing toxin DON and the bacterial strain 4020 of NIV and the pcr amplification product of WL1, the PCR product uses ABI PRISM Big DyeTM Terminators v3.0 Cycle sequencing kit (available from American AB I company) (available from American AB I company) on ABI377 type sequenator that the PCR product is carried out two-way order-checking behind UItra Clean TM15 DNA purification kit (available from U.S. MOBIO company) purifying.

Useful effect of the present invention

Utilize the toxin biosynthetic controlling path gene information of having found, only design a pair of special primer, only through a pcr amplification, can simple rapid and reliable toxigenic type DON of Fusarium graminearum or the NIV of identifying.From accompanying drawing 5 as can be seen, 12 known different PCR products that produce the different Fusarium graminearum mycelia of malicious type DNA cloning can be known completely on 2.0% Ago-Gel and separate, be 2 kinds of different banding patterns, be respectively the specificity band of toxin DON (sequence length is 300bp) and NIV (sequence length 360bp), all Fusarium graminearums produce the malicious type of product that result that toxin identify through pcr amplification and chemical analysis detect bacterial strain itself all fit like a glove (table 2).The mycelia dna profiling that contains 2 kinds of different Fusarium graminearums 4020 that produce malicious types and WL1 can amplify the specificity band of DON and NIV simultaneously in the same reaction under identical amplification condition, do not disturb each other by (accompanying drawing 5).Wheat and the corn kernel sample gathered can be divided into different brackets by accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4: healthy, slightly susceptible, moderate is susceptible, seriously susceptible.Healthy seed is not because there be infecting of external bacterial strain, the also just not accumulation and the pollution of relevant toxin, so it is the same with negative blank, the specificity band that any toxin do not occur: and in slight, moderate and serious susceptible seed, detected the existence of 2 kinds of toxin simultaneously, and also do not disturbed (accompanying drawing 6) each other.These have proved absolutely that all the present invention has the specificity height, accuracy is high and highly sensitive characteristics.The sequence comparing analysis of PCR product shows that it is 2 classes (accompanying drawings 2) that the Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain that produces toxin DON and NIV clearly gathers.Sequence in NCBI database, carry out BLAST analyze the back ( Http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/), find that all sequences all is present in the triehothecenes gene family, thereby verified specificity of the present invention and accuracy from molecular level.So the present invention is a bigger progress on the gene of toxin and molecular Biological Detection research level, has established certain basis for directly utilizing these gene informations.In view of the above, can detect the pollution situation of toxin DON and NIV in grain, feed and the food security quickly and easily.

Table 2 specific PCR detects known toxigenic Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain

Strain number	Source country	The host	The toxin type	Specific PCR detects the toxin type
				Specific PCR detects the toxin type		PCR product length (bp)	The toxin type
				IL42 RL1 Lor9 F700 F701 4020 5005 7105 8029 ML4 RK10 WL1	U.S. Nepal Italy German China China Nepal Nepal Nepal	PCR product length (bp)	The toxin type	Wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat and corn rice and wheat	DON DON DON DON DON DON DON DON DON NIV NIV NIV	360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 300 300 300	DON DON DON DON DON DON DON DON DON NIV NIV NIV

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a techniqueflow chart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the TRI5-TRI6 gene intervening sequence comparative analysis of 2 Fusarium graminearum bacterial strains of Chinese Fusarium graminearum 4020, Nepal Fusarium graminearum WLl and Korea S.WL1 is for producing the Chinese Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain of toxin NIV; 4020 for producing the Chinese Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain of toxin DON, and AF336366 and AF336365 are Korea S's Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain, produce toxin DON and NIV respectively.Wherein "-" represents identical sequence; The sequence of " * " expression disappearance, underscore partly is the sequence of primer amplification.

Fig. 3 is that the Fusarium graminearum DNA of application specific PCR method amplification among the present invention produces toxin DON and NIV segment.Swimming lane M is the molecular weight marker of 100bp; The negative blank of swimming lane C; Other swimming lane sample mycelia DNA source numberings see Table 1.

Fig. 4 is to be used for four diseases infection rank wheat seeds that specific PCR carries out toxin DON and NIV check and analysis.Mark A represents healthy seed among the figure; B represents slight susceptible seed; C represents the seed that moderate is susceptible; D represents serious susceptible seed.

Fig. 5 is to be used for four diseases infection rank corn kernels that specific PCR carries out toxin DON and NIV check and analysis.Mark A represents healthy seed among the figure; B represents slight susceptible seed; C represents the seed that moderate is susceptible; D represents serious susceptible seed.

Fig. 6 is that application specific PCR method detects wheat and corn and infects toxin DON in the head blight seed and the segment of NIV.Swimming lane M is the molecular weight marker of 100bp; The negative blank of swimming lane C; That other swimming lanes are respectively in accompanying drawing 3 and the accompanying drawing 4 is healthy, slightly susceptible, moderate is susceptible, serious susceptible wheat and the segment of corn kernel sample DNA amplification.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

The 4020 toxigenic detections of China's Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain are identified

The wheat scab fringe sample that to collect from Luoyang City, Chinese Henan Province is made separate tissue: the interior coetonium and seed of sick fringe is used 1 ‰ mercuric chloride solution immersion treatment 1min respectively, wash repeatedly 3 times with sterilized water, place under the dull and stereotyped last 25 ℃ of conditions of PDA and cultivated 3-5 days.Will be in the CMC fluid nutrient medium at the mycelium inoculation that produces on the PDA, place (25 ℃ of shaken cultivation on the shaking table under the illumination condition, 150rpm) 5-7 days, after producing conidium, carrying out monospore with plate dilution method in agar medium separates, then monospore is changeed to be implanted in to cultivate on the PDA inclined-plane and obtain single-ascospore strain, press Booth[Booth, C..The Genus Fusarium.Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew.1971] and Nelson[Nelson, P.E, et al.Fusarium Species-An Illustrated manual for identification.Penn.State Uni.Press, Uni.Park.1984] the standard type evaluation program that proposes identifies that the back preserves.The macroconidium of the Fusarium graminearum that separates is sickleshaped, has barrier film 2-7, most 3-5 barrier film, and the blunt circle in top, the base portion sertoli cell is obvious, and single spore is colourless, flocks together pink thick, and small-sized spore seldom produces.The ascus that produces through the perfect stage is club-like, includes 8 ascospores.Ascospore is colourless, spindle, and the blunt circle in two ends mostly is three barrier films.Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain for examination all can produce ascospore under artificial induction's condition.

Place dull and stereotyped last 25 ℃ of the PDA, the dark condition that are covered with the sterilization viscose paper to cultivate 7 days down bacterial strain 4020; Collect mycelia with aseptic scraper blade, grind into powder in liquid nitrogen is with CTAB method extracting mycelia DNA.Get the 100mg mycelia, after in liquid nitrogen, grinding, add 400ul DNA extraction damping fluid (proportioning: 0.4M NaCl, 10mM Tris-HCl, pH8.9,2mM EDTA, pH8.0), add 40ul 20%SDS, 8.6ul Proteinase K (18.6mg/ul) behind the mixing, place 65 ℃ of 1h, add 300ul 6M NaCl then, vortex 30 seconds, centrifugal (10000rpm, 30min, 4 ℃).Supernatant is changed in the new pipe, add isopyknic isopropyl alcohol, mixing is placed on-20 ℃ of 1h, centrifugal (10000rpm, 20min, 4 ℃) deposit D NA, after the washing of 70% alcohol, dry 15min under the room temperature, DNA are dissolved among the 50ul TE (proportioning: 10mMTris-HCL pH8.0,1mM EDTA pH8.0).Adopt a pair of Auele Specific Primer P1 (forward, 5 '-GCCGTGGGGRTAAAAGTCAAA-3 ') and P2 (oppositely, 5 '-TGACAAGTCCGGTCGCACTAGCA-3 ') carry out pcr amplification (Biometra, T1, Germany).In the 25ulPCR reactant liquor, contain the 50ng template DNA, 2.5ul PCR damping fluid, 1.5ul 25mM MgCl ₂, 2ul 1.25mMdNTPs, 0.5ul Primerl (10pmol/ul), 0.5ul Primer2 (10pmol/ul), 1U Taq polymerase.The PCR reaction conditions is: 95 ℃ of 5min; 94 ℃ of 1min, 55 ℃ of 1min, 72 ℃ of 55sec, 30 circulations; Last 72 ℃ of 6min.After reaction is finished, get 15ul PCR product electrophoresis on 2.0% Ago-Gel.Gel imaging system medium ultraviolet lamp is taken a picture (available from U.S. Bio-rad company) down, directly judges bacterial strain according to the length of PCR product segment and produces toxin type DON and NIV (shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:3 and sequence table SEQ ID NO:4).The specificity band that produces toxin DON and NIV is respectively 300bp and 360bp, judges Fusarium graminearum 4020 according to the banding pattern of PCR product and produces toxin DON, and the invention effect as shown in Figure 5.

Embodiment 2

The toxigenic detection of Nepal Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain WL1 is identified

Fusarium graminearum bacterial strain WL1 (deriving from Nepal) provides (table 1) by doctor Nicholson of Britain John Ying Nasi research institute, bacterial strain mycelia DNA extracting, specific PCR reaction system and amplification condition are all with the check and analysis step of toxin DON and the NIV of the Chinese Fusarium graminearum 4020 among the embodiment 1, obtain the specific fragment of toxin NIV, its dna sequence dna is shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:4, the sequence total length is 360bp, and its invention effect as shown in Figure 5.

Embodiment 3

The detection of fusarium toxin in the wheat scab wheat

After getting wheat seed (deriving from Chinese Hubei Province) about 0.5g and in liquid nitrogen, grinding, pack in the 2ml centrifuge tube, the 1ml that adds 70 ℃ of preheatings extracts damping fluid (proportioning: 100mM Tris-HCl pH7.5,500mM NaCl, 50mMEDTA, 3%SDS, the 1ul/ml beta-mercaptoethanol), 65 ℃ of water-bath 30min; The centrifugal 5min of 12000rpm gets supernatant, adds isopyknic phenol: chloroform: isoamylol (volume ratio is 25: 24: 1), put upside down mixing; The centrifugal 5min of 13000rpm; Get supernatant to new centrifuge tube, add the absolute ethyl alcohol of 2 times of volumes and the 3M NaAc solution of 1/10 volume in the pipe in advance, leave standstill 10min on ice; The centrifugal 5min of 130000rpm; Alcohol-pickled and washing and precipitating with 70%, air dry 30min, the seed DNA that extracts dissolves with 50ul TE, add 2ul 10mg/ml RNA enzyme (Sigma company, USA), behind 37 ℃ of water-bath 30min, use phenol: chloroform: isoamylol (volume ratio is 25: 24: 1) purify DNA, repeat deposit D NA once, use 50ul TE dissolving DNA at last again, be used for pcr amplification.The reaction system of pcr amplification and condition are seen embodiment 1, the specificity band that produces toxin DON and NIV also is respectively 300bp and 360bp (accompanying drawing 6), can directly judge whether have toxin DON and NIV in the seed sample according to the banding pattern of PCR product, its invention effect as shown in Figure 6.

Embodiment 4

The detection of fusarium toxin in the field natural infection head blight corn kernel

The electrophoresis detection analysis of corn kernel (deriving from Chinese Hubei, Hebei province) DNA extraction, pcr amplification reaction system, amplification condition and PCR product all is same as among the embodiment 3 detection of toxin DON and NIV in the wheat seed, and its invention effect as shown in Figure 6.

The toxigenic specific sequence 1-4 of Fusarium graminearum (SEQUENCE LISTING)

＜110〉Hua Zhong Agriculture University

＜120〉a kind of molecular detecting method of fusarium toxin

<130>

<141>2004-06-26

<160>4

<170>PatentIn version 3.2

<210>1

<211>21

<212>DNA

<213>Forward primer

<400>1

gccgtggggr taaaagtcaa a 21

<210>2

<211>23

<212>DNA

<213>Reverse primer

<400>2

tgacaagtcc ggtcgcacta gca 23

<210>3

<211>300

<212>DNA

<213>Deoxynivalenol-specific

<400>3

gccgtggggg taaaagtcaa atcagacaag tgcacagcaa ccggcaaggc tcacggacgg 60

gctacagtga atattcgtga tatgattgtg gcctcctcta tatcactcac atatccatag 120

ttattccaaa cagttcgagt tctgtagata gtggatacgt cttccaggat gtatgtaatc 180

tagcagccgg tagttgaaac acctactatg tagaggcgag gagcccagca tcgccagtat 240

gcaccaagta tgatgatctc cattgtgctt cccctgctgc tagtgcgacc ggacttgtca 300

<210>4

<211>360

<212>DNA

<213>Nivanlenol-specific

<400>4

gccgtggggg taaaagtcaa agtcaaatca gataagtacg tagcaaccgg aaaggctccg 60

tggcttcagt acggtagcga gataaatcac cttgatgtgg ttgccgcttc ctccatatca 120

ctcacatatc catagttatt ccaaacaatt cgagttctgc agatagtgga tacatcgtcc 180

aggatgtagt ctagcagtcg gtagttgaaa cacctactat gtagaggcga ggagcccgct 240

ttaccttgag cctggcagca tcgccagtac tatgtatgca ctaaaagtga tgatctcaat 300

cgtgcttccc cctgttgcga ctttcctagg gctaaattgc tagtgcgacc ggacttgtca 360

Claims

1, the specific fragment of a kind of sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) toxin deoxynivalenol (DON), its dna sequence dna is shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:3, and the sequence total length is 300bp.

2, the specific fragment of a kind of sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) toxin nivalenol (NIV), its dna sequence dna is shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:4, and the sequence total length is 360bp.

3, be used to the to increase primer of claim 1 and 2, its dna sequence dna is shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:1 and SEQ IDNO:2.

4, a kind of molecular detecting method of fusarium toxin, its step comprises:

1) extracting DNA from tested biomaterial obtains the DNA sample;

2) with the primer shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:1 and the SEQ ID NO:2 the described DNA sample of step 1) is carried out pcr amplification, obtain the dna fragmentation shown in sequence table SEQ ID NO:3 and SEQ ID NO:4;

2) with step 2) dna fragmentation that obtains, detect whether have described toxin DON and/or NIV in the described biomaterial.

5, method according to claim 4, wherein said PCR step comprises:

1) PCR reaction conditions: 95 ℃ of 5min; 94 ℃ of 1min, 55 ℃ of 1min, 72 ℃ of 55sec, 30 circulations; And 72 ℃ of 6min of whole extension;

2) electrophoresis detection: after reaction is finished, get 15ul PCR product electrophoresis on 2.0% Ago-Gel, gel imaging system medium ultraviolet lamp is taken a picture down, according to the big or small result of determination of amplified production.

6, method according to claim 4, wherein step 2) described method is:

7, the application of a kind of molecular detecting method of fusarium toxin in detecting fusarium toxin.

8, the application in the fusarium toxin of a kind of molecular detecting method of fusarium toxin in detecting seed, feed or food security.

9, claim 1 or the 2 described dna sequence dnas application in detecting fusarium toxin.

10, the application in the fusarium toxin of the described dna sequence dna of claim 3 in detecting seed, feed or food security.