CN1714244A - 压缩机 - Google Patents

压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1714244A
CN1714244A CNA200380102574XA CN200380102574A CN1714244A CN 1714244 A CN1714244 A CN 1714244A CN A200380102574X A CNA200380102574X A CN A200380102574XA CN 200380102574 A CN200380102574 A CN 200380102574A CN 1714244 A CN1714244 A CN 1714244A
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compressor
pressure
protecting device
diaphragm type
relief valve
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CN100395450C (zh
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蒂洛·舍费尔
格奥尔格·韦伯
托马斯·迪·维托
扬·欣里希斯
乌韦·贝克尔
维利·帕尔施
比约恩·法格利
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LuK Fahrzeug Hydraulik GmbH and Co KG
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LuK Fahrzeug Hydraulik GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F04B49/03Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/10Other safety measures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00Check valves
    • F16K15/02Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/04Check valves with guided rigid valve members shaped as balls
    • F16K15/044Check valves with guided rigid valve members shaped as balls spring-loaded
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F16K17/0406Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded in the form of balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/14Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member
    • F16K17/16Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00Working fluid
    • F05B2210/10Kind or type
    • F05B2210/12Kind or type gaseous, i.e. compressible
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00Working fluid
    • F05B2210/10Kind or type
    • F05B2210/14Refrigerants with particular properties, e.g. HFC-134a
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/07Exceeding a certain pressure value in a refrigeration component or cycle
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S417/00Pumps
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1624Destructible or deformable element controlled
    • Y10T137/1632Destructible element
    • Y10T137/1692Rupture disc
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1624Destructible or deformable element controlled
    • Y10T137/1632Destructible element
    • Y10T137/1789Having pressure responsive valve
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7847With leak passage
    • Y10T137/7848Permits flow at valve interface

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

具有用于高压限制的安全装置的压缩机、尤其是用于机动车中的空调设备的压缩机,该安全装置直到首次响应前是密封的,而响应后使系统压力缓慢降低。

Description

压缩机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有用于高压限制的安全装置的压缩机、尤其是用于机动车中的空调设备的压缩机。
背景技术
这种压缩机已公开。有这样一些压缩机,它们通过在超过最大压力时而破裂的膜片式保险器使全部制冷剂-油混合物向环境卸载。这些压缩机的缺点是,例如带有无耦合的压缩机的汽车在不冒压缩机损坏的危险的情况下在膜片式保险器响应后不能再运动。
此外,还公开了一些带有用于制冷剂R134A的溢流阀的压缩机。但是在新状态下不冒明显泄漏率的危险的情况下,它们的结构形式无法直接转用于使用制冷剂CO2的空调设备。此外,目前所使用的用于制冷剂R134A的溢流阀也有问题,即响应一次后会使密封性显著恶化。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提供一种不具有这些缺点的压缩机。
上述任务通过一种具有用于高压限制的安全装置的压缩机、尤其是用于机动车中的空调设备的压缩机来解决,其中高压限制(装置)直到首次响应前是密封的,响应后使系统压力缓慢降低。由此实现了压缩机即使在继续运行中也不会被损坏。优选这样的压缩机,其中安全装置具有膜片式保险器及溢流阀的组合。按照本发明,膜片式保险器及溢流阀串联。膜片式保险器在一侧以压缩机的排出腔的高压加载,而其在另一侧以大气压力加载。从高压侧看过来,溢流阀设置在膜片式保险器之后。
另外优选这样的压缩机,在该压缩机中,溢流阀设计的开启压力明显低于膜片式保险器的开启压力。溢流阀向大气侧卸压。此外还优选这样的压缩机,在该压缩机中,溢流阀具有规定的泄漏量,而膜片式保险器是密封的。溢流阀的规定的泄漏量具有优点,只要膜片式保险器未毁坏,在膜片式保险器与溢流阀之间的空间内就不建立压力。因此不影响膜片式保险器的响应特性。
还优选这样的压缩机,在该压缩机中,规定的泄漏量可通过多细孔的材料制成的溢流阀的阀座或阀活塞产生。此外还优选这样的压缩机,在该压缩机中,溢流阀的规定的泄漏量可通过一个旁通凹槽或旁通孔,或通过阀座或阀活塞区域内的表面不平度或表面粗糙度来产生。此外,该规定的泄漏量也可以通过阀座上的或阀活塞上的弹性体密封的可渗透性来实现。根据本发明的压缩机,其特征在于,处于设备内的剩余的制冷剂低于调节压力后通过溢流阀仅仅缓慢地通过泄漏位置减压。通过这种缓慢且有目的地排出气体确保了:该设备对于确定的时间保持能受限地运行,用户有时间寻找一个维修厂,而无需很快冒否则会出现的压缩机损坏的危险,因为突然排出的制冷剂会带走润滑油并导致无法对压缩机润滑。
附图说明
现在借助附图对本发明进行说明。
图1示出了一个壳体部分。
具体实施方式
附图示出了一个壳体部分1,该壳体部分可以例如是压缩机壳体的集成的组成部分。在壳体部分1中嵌入了一个膜片式保险器3,该膜片式保险器在它的高压5的侧7上被加载,该高压在压缩机的排出区域建立。在膜片式保险器的侧9上,也就是说在安全装置的区域11中,膜片式保险器在未毁坏状态下以大气压力15被加载,因为溢流阀13不是无泄漏地闭合且由此可使区域11内具有大气压力15。就像在这个实施例中描述的那样,溢流阀13例如可以由一个球形的阀体17及一个锥形的阀座19组成,其中,该球形的阀体17由一个弹簧21压紧到该阀座19内。弹簧21的预加载力确定了溢流阀的开启压力,该预加载力可以通过弹簧21的一个相应的支座23调节。在此将溢流阀13调节到一个开启压力,该开启压力明显低于膜片式保险器3的破裂应力,这样,该溢流阀在膜片式保险器破坏时立即开启。在此情况下,溢流阀13应在阀座19与阀体17之间的密封区域25内具有一个确定的泄漏位置且由此不是密封的。这个泄漏位置不仅可以通过用于阀座19或球形的阀体17的多细孔的材料产生,而且也可以通过区域25内的一个旁通凹槽或一个旁通孔,或通过相应的表面特性、表面粗糙度及类似的结构产生,这些类似的结构在区域25内实现了微小的泄漏且从而使得在膜片式保险器完好无损的情况下直到阀区域11在也存在大气压力15。如果超过膜片式保险器3的破裂应力,膜片式保险器3由于压向大气压力15的高压5而毁坏且制冷剂从压缩机中流出,那么,流出的制冷剂在溢流阀13的调节压力明显较低的情况下这么长时间地流出到大气中,直至压力低于空调设备内通过弹簧力调节的溢流阀的开启压力。然后溢流阀13又进入到一个闭合的位置,这样,留在空调回路内的制冷剂包括对于润滑所需的润滑剂只能缓慢地且因此在较长的一段时间内通过区域25中的泄漏位置溢出。通过这种缓慢且有目的地排出气体确保了:该设备对于确定的时间保持能受限地运行,用户有时间寻找一个维修厂,而无需很快冒压缩机损坏的危险,因为还有制冷剂及由此还有润滑剂存在于该设备中。这种安全装置的另一个优点还在于,空调设备内部的压力不会突然地从最大压力下降到大气压力,否则由此例如在密封装置内,在密封材料内部可能仍处于高压状态的已扩散的制冷剂,可能通过在密封装置外部的突然的压力下降而导致爆炸性减压及由此造成密封装置毁坏。

Claims (13)

1.具有用于高压限制的安全装置的压缩机、尤其是用于机动车中的空调设备的压缩机,其特征在于,该安全装置直到首次响应前是密封的,而响应后使系统压力缓慢降低。
2.根据权利要求1的压缩机,其特征在于,该安全装置具有膜片式保险器(3)及溢流阀(13)的组合。
3.根据权利要求2的压缩机,其特征在于,膜片式保险器(3)与溢流阀(13)串联。
4.根据权利要求3的压缩机,其特征在于,膜片式保险器(3)在一个侧上以压缩机的排出腔的高压(5)加载,而在另一个侧上以大气压力(15)加载。
5.根据上述权利要求中一项的压缩机,其特征在于,从高压侧看,溢流阀(13)设置在膜片式保险器(3)之后。
6.根据上述权利要求中一项的压缩机,其特征在于,溢流阀(13)设计的开启压力低于膜片式保险器(3)的开启压力。
7.根据上述权利要求中一项的压缩机,其特征在于,溢流阀(13)将制冷剂向大气卸压。
8.根据上述权利要求中一项的压缩机,其特征在于,溢流阀(13)具有规定的泄漏量,而膜片式保险器(3)是密封的。
9.根据权利要求8的压缩机,其特征在于,只要膜片式保险器(3)未毁坏,膜片式保险器(3)与溢流阀(13)之间的空间内通过规定的泄漏量不建立压力。
10.根据权利要求8或9的压缩机,其特征在于,规定的泄漏量可通过多细孔材料制成的阀座(19)或阀活塞(17)实现。
11.根据权利要求8或9的压缩机,其特征在于,规定的泄漏量可通过阀座(19)上的或阀活塞(17)上的一个旁通凹槽或旁通孔、或通过阀座(19)上的或阀活塞(17)上的表面粗糙度或表面不平度实现。
12.根据权利要求8或9的压缩机,其特征在于,规定的泄漏量可通过阀座(19)上的或阀活塞(17)上的一个弹性体密封以及它对于制冷剂的可渗透性来实现。
13.根据上述权利要求中一项的压缩机,其特征在于,空调设备内的压力下降到调整压力以下后,剩余的制冷剂通过溢流阀(13)通过泄漏缓慢地减压。
CNB200380102574XA 2002-11-07 2003-10-31 压缩机 Expired - Fee Related CN100395450C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10251803.3 2002-11-07
DE2002151803 DE10251803A1 (de) 2002-11-07 2002-11-07 Kompressor

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CN1714244A true CN1714244A (zh) 2005-12-28
CN100395450C CN100395450C (zh) 2008-06-18

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US (1) US7874309B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1563187B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4511937B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101002534B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN100395450C (zh)
AT (1) ATE512302T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003283202A1 (zh)
DE (2) DE10251803A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2004042232A1 (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102472411A (zh) * 2009-08-25 2012-05-23 开利公司 指示压力释放装置启动的设备与方法
CN107740759A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-02-27 浙江精雷电器股份有限公司 高性能插装式压缩机用单向泄流阀
CN108808948A (zh) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-13 宁波江北思洞工业设计有限公司 减速电机防水罩
CN108808947A (zh) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-13 宁波江北思洞工业设计有限公司 一种减速电机防水结构
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WO2004042232A1 (de) 2004-05-21
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US20060124170A1 (en) 2006-06-15
US7874309B2 (en) 2011-01-25
JP2006505736A (ja) 2006-02-16
EP1563187A1 (de) 2005-08-17
JP4511937B2 (ja) 2010-07-28
DE10251803A1 (de) 2004-11-11
KR101002534B1 (ko) 2010-12-17
CN100395450C (zh) 2008-06-18
KR20050071659A (ko) 2005-07-07
ATE512302T1 (de) 2011-06-15

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