CN1693510A - Aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy and its preparation technology - Google Patents
Aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy and its preparation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1693510A CN1693510A CN 200510043496 CN200510043496A CN1693510A CN 1693510 A CN1693510 A CN 1693510A CN 200510043496 CN200510043496 CN 200510043496 CN 200510043496 A CN200510043496 A CN 200510043496A CN 1693510 A CN1693510 A CN 1693510A
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Abstract
An Al-Zn-Mg alloy high strength and stable performance contains Zn (6-8 wt.%), Mg (2.5-3.0), Cu (1.0-1.5), Ti (0.20-0.25) and Al (rest). Its preparing process includes such steps as proportionally mixing raw materials in electric crucible, smelting and casting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, particularly relate to the aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy and the preparation technology thereof of a kind of intensity height, stable performance.
Background technology
Aluminum zinc series alloy is the first-generation cast aluminium alloy of Application and Development.The solubleness of zinc in aluminium very big (when 382 ℃ of eutectic temperatures, can reach 84%), its main drawback is: oversaturated αGu Rongti promptly decomposes under not high temperature, separates out zinc, makes the resistance toheat of aluminium-zinc alloy very low; The alloy corrosion resistance is also very poor.So simple aluminium zinc binary alloy does not adopt industrial, in aluminium-zinc alloy, add an amount of magnesium, strengthening effect is very remarkable, and the aluminium zinc magnesium alloy has maximum reinforcement potentiality in all aluminium alloys.For many years, domestic and international rather extensive to the research of aluminium zinc magnesium alloy, this alloy is a kind of extremely promising high strength cast aluminum alloys.The trade mark of aluminium zinc magnesium alloy is ZL402 in the national standard.Its main component is (mass percent): zinc 5.0-7.0%, magnesium 0.3-0.8%, chromium 0.3-0.8%, titanium 0.1-0.4%.Its as-cast specimen normal temperature mechanical property tensile strength after T1 handles is 235MPa, and unit elongation is 4%.Machinability is fine, can obtain the very high part of surface smoothness; But this alloy is as the engineering structure part and the airplane parts that bear big load, and its tensile strength is on the low side, and mechanical property awaits further to improve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and the aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy and the preparation technology thereof of a kind of intensity height, good toughness, stable mechanical performance is provided.
The present invention realizes in the following manner:
A kind of aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy contains aluminium, zinc, magnesium, titanium elements, it is characterized in that it also contains copper, and the mass percent of each component is: zinc 6.0-8.0%, and magnesium 2.5-3.0%, copper 1.0-1.5%, titanium 0.20-0.25%, all the other are aluminium.
The preparation technology of above-mentioned aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1). use electrical crucible, adopt cast iron or cast steel crucible, in order to prevent to ooze iron, be coated with last layer coating on the surface of crucible, the coating composition is: talcum powder+water glass;
(2). according to zinc: 6.0-8.0%, magnesium: 2.5-3.0%, copper: 1.0-1.5%, titanium: 0.20-0.25%, all the other calculate for the mass percent of aluminium and take by weighing fine aluminium, pure zinc, pure magnesium, aluminum bronze and aluminium titanium master alloy as raw material;
(3). the aluminium ingot of in crucible, packing into successively, aluminum bronze master alloy and aluminium titanium master alloy, and heat up with resistance furnace, treat all fusings after, spread the insulating covering agent that one deck is made up of Repone K and magnesium chloride on the liquid level;
(4). when resistance furnace is warming up to 680-700 ℃, under flux covers spelter and MAG block are together added in the crucible, MAG block will be pressed into crucible bottom with bell jar, melts fully until it;
(5). when resistance furnace is warming up to 720-730 ℃, add aluminum chloride or zinc chloride and carry out the degasification refining, the degasification clock mask slowly moves in liquation so that refining is complete;
(6). refining was left standstill the cast of skimming 5 minutes after finishing between 690-710 ℃.
The preparation technology of above-mentioned aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy is characterized in that in the step (2), aluminium content 〉=99.7% in the fine aluminium, zinc content 〉=99.9% in the pure zinc; Mg content in the pure magnesium 〉=99.95%; The mass percent of each composition is in the aluminum bronze master alloy: 50% bronze medal, 50% aluminium; The mass percent of each composition is in the aluminium titanium master alloy: 5% titanium, 95% aluminium.
The preparation technology of above-mentioned aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy is characterized in that the add-on of used insulating covering agent in the step (3) is the 3-4% of furnace charge total mass, and the mass percent of each component is a magnesium chloride 60% in the insulating covering agent, Repone K 40%; The add-on of aluminum chloride or zinc chloride is the 0.15-0.2% of furnace charge total mass in the step (5).
Compare with ZL402, alloy of the present invention has added copper on composition, has enlarged zinc and the magnesium solubleness in aluminium, has increased the quantity of strengthening phase, has improved the strengthening effect of alloy; Copper can also reduce intracrystalline and intergranular potential difference simultaneously, and corrosion process is evenly carried out, and improves corrosion stability.Strength of alloy can reach more than the 250MPa under the as cast condition, and tensile strength reached more than the 300MPa after the sample that cast is good was heat-treated, and compares with existing similar alloy, and intensity level improves all more than 20%, and elongation after fracture can reach 6%.Content of impurities in this alloy<0.75%, wherein iron<0.3%; Silicon<0.3%; Manganese<0.15%.
Embodiment
Provide three most preferred embodiments of the present invention below:
Embodiment one
Preparation 20Kg contains zinc 6.5%, magnesium 2.5%, copper 1.5%, titanium 0.25%, and surplus is the aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy of aluminium, and preparation technology is as follows:
(1). adopt electrical crucible, the cast steel crucible;
(2). preparation of raw material: aluminium block (aluminium 〉=99.7%); Spelter (zinc 〉=99.9%); MAG block (magnesium 〉=99.95%); Aluminium titanium master alloy (containing aluminium 95%, titanium 5%); Aluminum bronze master alloy (containing aluminium 50%, copper 50%);
With reference to " the casting handbook (the 3rd volume, the casting nonferrous alloy, the 2nd edition, China Machine Press, 2001.10, P187-188) and experience determine the scaling loss amount of alloying element, aluminium: 1.5%, zinc: 15%, magnesium: 20%, the copper titanium changes in fusion process not quite.
The add-on calculation formula:
In the formula: M is the molten alloy total mass;
A is the percentage ratio that should contain certain element in the alloy;
C is the percentage ratio of contained certain element in master alloy or the alloy pig;
E is the scaling loss amount of certain element;
X is for adding the total mass of certain element or master alloy.
In example, M=20Kg;
A:Zn%=6.5%;Mg%=2.5%;Cu%=1.5%;Ti%=0.25%;Al%=89.25%;
C:Zn%=99.9;Mg%=99.95%;Cu%=50%;Ti%=5%;Al%=99.7%;
E:Al:1.5%,Zn:15%,Mg:20%。
Then:
The quality of the fine aluminium that aluminum bronze master alloy and aluminium titanium master alloy are brought into is respectively: 0.60 * 0.5=0.30Kg; 1.00 * 0.95=0.95kg;
So the quality that need add fine aluminium is: 18.18-0.3-0.95=16.93Kg;
(3). the aluminium ingot 16.93kg that in crucible, packs into successively, aluminum bronze master alloy 0.60kg and aluminium titanium master alloy 1.00kg heat up with resistance furnace, after treating all to melt, spread one deck insulating covering agent 750g on the liquid level; Crucible is warmed up to 600 ℃ with resistance furnace, adds 17.52 kilograms of insulating covering agent 730 grams, fine aluminiums, be warming up to 690 ℃ of insulations;
(4). when resistance furnace is warming up to 680-700 ℃, under flux covers spelter 1.53kg and MAG block 0.63kg are together added in the crucible, MAG block will be pressed into crucible bottom with bell jar, melts fully until it;
(5). when resistance furnace is warming up to 720-730 ℃, add zinc chloride 35g and carry out the degasification refining, the degasification clock mask slowly moves in liquation so that refining is complete;
(6). refining was left standstill the cast of skimming 5 minutes after finishing between 690-710 ℃.
The gained alloy ingredient is: zinc 6.5%, and magnesium 2.5%, copper 1.5%, titanium 0.25%, content of impurities<0.75%, surplus is an aluminium.Tensile strength of alloys is 247MPa under the as cast condition, and it is 290MPa that T6 handles back tensile strength, and elongation after fracture is 6.7%.But the titanium elements crystal grain thinning that adds improves castability and mechanical property; The copper that adds has enlarged zinc and the magnesium solubleness in aluminium, has increased the quantity of strengthening phase, has improved the strengthening effect of alloy; Copper can also reduce intracrystalline and intergranular potential difference simultaneously, and corrosion process is evenly carried out, and improves corrosion stability.
Embodiment two
Preparation 20Kg contains zinc 8.0%, magnesium 3.0%, copper 1.0%, titanium 0.25%, and surplus is the aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy of aluminium.
Take the processing step identical with embodiment one, wherein step (2) calculate each raw material add-on be: 1.88 kilograms on pure zinc, 0.75 kilogram in pure magnesium, 0.40 kilogram of aluminum-copper alloy, 1.00 kilograms of aluminum titanium alloys, 16.72 kilograms of fine aluminiums; Add aluminum chloride 35 grams in the step (5) and carry out the degasification refining.
The gained alloy ingredient is: zinc 8.0%, and magnesium 3.0%, copper 1.0%, titanium 0.25%, content of impurities<0.75%, surplus is an aluminium.Tensile strength of alloys is 250MPa under the as cast condition, and it is 302MPa that T6 handles back tensile strength, and elongation after fracture is 6%.
Embodiment three
Preparation 20Kg contains zinc 6.0%, magnesium 2.8%, copper 1.5%, titanium 0.2%, and surplus is the aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy of aluminium.
Take the processing step identical with embodiment one, wherein step (2) calculate each raw material add-on be: 1.41 kilograms on pure zinc, 0.70 kilogram in pure magnesium, 0.60 kilogram of aluminum-copper alloy, 0.80 kilogram of aluminum titanium alloy, 17.17 kilograms of fine aluminiums.
The gained alloy ingredient is: zinc 6.0%, and magnesium 2.8%, copper 1.5%, titanium 0.2%, content of impurities<0.75%, surplus is an aluminium.Tensile strength of alloys is 255MPa under the as cast condition, and it is 310MPa that T6 handles back tensile strength, and elongation after fracture is 6%.
Claims (4)
1. an aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy contains aluminium, zinc, magnesium, titanium elements, it is characterized in that it also contains copper, and the mass percent of each component is: zinc 6.0-8.0%, and magnesium 2.5-3.0%, copper 1.0-1.5%, titanium 0.20-0.25%, all the other are aluminium.
2. according to the preparation technology of the described aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy of claim 1, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1). use electrical crucible, adopt cast iron or cast steel crucible, in order to prevent to ooze iron, be coated with last layer coating on the surface of crucible, the coating composition is: talcum powder+water glass;
(2). according to zinc: 6.0-8.0%, magnesium: 2.5-3.0%, copper: 1.0-1.5%, titanium: 0.20-0.25%, all the other calculate for the mass percent of aluminium and take by weighing fine aluminium, pure zinc, pure magnesium, aluminum bronze and aluminium titanium master alloy as raw material;
(3). the aluminium ingot of in crucible, packing into successively, aluminum bronze master alloy and aluminium titanium master alloy, and heat up with resistance furnace, treat all fusings after, spread the insulating covering agent that one deck is made up of Repone K and magnesium chloride on the liquid level;
(4). when resistance furnace is warming up to 680-700 ℃, under flux covers spelter and MAG block are together added in the crucible, MAG block will be pressed into crucible bottom with bell jar, melts fully until it;
(5). when resistance furnace is warming up to 720-730 ℃, add aluminum chloride or zinc chloride and carry out the degasification refining, the degasification clock mask slowly moves in liquation so that refining is complete;
(6). refining was left standstill the cast of skimming 5 minutes after finishing between 690-710 ℃.
3. according to the preparation technology of the described aluminium zinc magnesium series alloy of claim 2, it is characterized in that in the step (2) aluminium content 〉=99.7% in the fine aluminium, zinc content 〉=99.9% in the pure zinc, Mg content in the pure magnesium 〉=99.95%; The mass percent of each composition is in the aluminum bronze master alloy: 50% bronze medal, 50% aluminium; The mass percent of each composition is in the aluminium titanium master alloy: 5% titanium, 95% aluminium.
4. according to the preparation technology of claim 2 or 3 described aluminium zinc magnesium series alloys, it is characterized in that the add-on of used insulating covering agent in the step (3) is the 3-4% of furnace charge total mass, the mass percent of each component is a magnesium chloride 60% in the insulating covering agent, Repone K 40%; The add-on of aluminum chloride or zinc chloride is the 0.15-0.2% of furnace charge total mass in the step (5).
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Cited By (6)
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CN104611577A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-05-13 | 芜湖市民泰铜业有限责任公司 | Refining method of nonferrous metal |
CN106167868A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2016-11-30 | 闻喜县瑞格镁业有限公司 | A kind of high strength and high hardness Cast aluminium alloy gold and preparation method thereof |
CN107012375A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-04 | 宁波弘敏铝业有限公司 | A kind of fishing gear aluminium alloy and its preparation technology |
CN107779642A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-09 | 宝鸡市铭坤有色金属有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of almag |
CN108642352A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-10-12 | 赣州铝业股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy of high-strength corrosion-resisting and its melting and casting method |
CN110629084A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Preparation method and product of high-thermal-conductivity wrought aluminum alloy |
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CN1020037C (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1993-03-10 | 天津大学机电分校 | Combined shaping lechnology for casting and die forging Al-Zn-Mg series alloy |
CN1204281C (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2005-06-01 | 北京航空材料研究院 | High purity high strength aluminium alloy |
US20050006010A1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2005-01-13 | Rinze Benedictus | Method for producing a high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy |
BRPI0409267B1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2017-04-25 | Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh | Aluminum alloy product with high mechanical strength and fracture toughness and good corrosion resistance, aluminum alloy structural component and die plate |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104611577A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-05-13 | 芜湖市民泰铜业有限责任公司 | Refining method of nonferrous metal |
CN106167868A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2016-11-30 | 闻喜县瑞格镁业有限公司 | A kind of high strength and high hardness Cast aluminium alloy gold and preparation method thereof |
CN107012375A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-04 | 宁波弘敏铝业有限公司 | A kind of fishing gear aluminium alloy and its preparation technology |
CN107779642A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-09 | 宝鸡市铭坤有色金属有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of almag |
CN108642352A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-10-12 | 赣州铝业股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy of high-strength corrosion-resisting and its melting and casting method |
CN110629084A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Preparation method and product of high-thermal-conductivity wrought aluminum alloy |
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