CN1687728A - Method and device for measuring friction force of bearing under tiny load - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring friction force of bearing under tiny load Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the bearing micro-load friction measuring method and the equipment. The measuring frame comprises the extruding arm, the measuring dial, the loading bolt, the measured bearing and the baffle. Equip the measured bearing in the hole of the measuring dial; add the force on the measuring frame from the top by the upward force and realize the micro-load measuring through the gravity of the measuring frame paralleled floating above the spin axis. The angle produced by the parallel of the friction and the pull force of the deviation is amplified into the vertical displacement of the extruding arm end. The non-contacting sensor realizes the precise measurement of the friction and the frictions coefficients of the sliding bearing and rolling bearing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement of moment, be specifically related to a kind of friction force of bearing under tiny load measuring method and device.
Background technology
The measuring method of friction has many kinds, but in any case, all be unable to do without the measurement of two parameters, i.e. pressure and friction force.For the situation of transverse bearing under the tiny load condition, friction force measurement difficulty is 2 points: the instability of friction force, this instability are often relevant with bearing capacity, rotating speed and structure; Small friction force is difficult to measure with common method.So measure the friction force under the transverse bearing tiny load, must find a kind of accurate measurement method of friction force.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of friction force of bearing under tiny load measuring method and device.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical matters employing is:
Tiny load can be guaranteed, and promptly obtains radial load substantially and approaches zero loading, realizes the condition of tiny load friction.For the realization of tiny load condition, concrete solution is as follows: load from direction straight up, with the weight of loading force equalizer bearing itself and measurement bay, realize tiny load.
One, friction force of bearing under tiny load measuring method:
1) its method of measuring friction force is for utilizing lever principle, between tested sliding bearing and the rotating shaft or the moment of friction between the tested rolling bearing Internal and external cycle be converted to rotational angle by the measurement bay that is suspended on the rotating shaft, after the pulling force balance that loads the force, its rotational angle can keep balance, and this rotational angle and moment of friction keep linear approximate relationship in low-angle＜5 °, make error be no more than 5 ‰;
2) from the top loading force, load the line of force and be connected on the pulley, utilize its force direction conversion, realize loading;
What 3) measure that friction force relies on is to be suspended in the rotational angle that produces after the moment of friction of the measurement bay in the rotating shaft and the loading moment balance;
4) two arms are stretched out in the measurement bay end, one of them arm is laid the position sensing system that comprises PSD position transducer and laser instrument, utilize PSD position transducer moving with respect to static laser facula, the variation of measurement bay rotational angle relies on the vertical displacement of the measurement point of cantilever, its displacement numerical value and jib-length, be the distance of rotating shaft core, calculate the anglec of rotation, the displacement that promptly utilizes the lever amplification to be caused to sensor.
When rotational angle＜5 °, measure equation is as follows:
In the formula: μ-friction factor; The N-rotating shaft is to the pressure of bearing, N=|P-G|; The P-loading force; G-measurement bay weight; Rotational angle under θ-Frotteurism; R-loading force application point is to the distance at measurement bay center; R-rotating shaft radius; The displacement that l-measures; The s-displacement transducer is to the distance at measurement bay center.The error of this formula under ° situation of angle θ＜5 is no more than 5 ‰, can meet the demands fully.
Two, friction force of bearing under tiny load measurement mechanism can be divided into following two kinds:
1, bush(ing) bearing friction measurement device: measurement bay comprises extension arm, measuring disk, loading force bolt, tested sliding bearing, baffle plate.Tested sliding bearing is placed in the measuring disk hole of measurement bay, tested sliding bearing and measuring disk hole are wringing fit, tested sliding bearing and rotating shaft are clearance fit, two baffle plates are pressed in two end faces of tested sliding bearing respectively, measurement bay is suspended in the rotating shaft, the loading force bolt is housed on the measuring disk face of cylinder, have aperture in the loading force bolt, an end that loads the line of force passes the aperture location of loading force bolt, the other end of the loading line of force is walked around pulley and is carried the lotus counterweight, be positioned on the measuring disk face of cylinder that loads the line of force both sides extension arm is housed respectively, lay the position sensing system that comprises PSD position transducer and laser instrument on the extension arm.
2, annular bearing with rolling contact friction measurement device: measurement bay comprises extension arm, measuring disk, loading force bolt, tested rolling bearing, baffle plate.Tested rolling bearing is placed in the measuring disk hole of measurement bay, tested housing washer and measuring disk hole are wringing fit, tested rolling bearing inner ring and rotating shaft are wringing fit, two baffle plates are pressed into two end faces of tested rolling bearing respectively, the baffle plate internal diameter is greater than the inner ring maximum gauge, measurement bay is suspended in the rotating shaft, the loading force bolt is housed on the measuring disk face of cylinder, have aperture in the loading force bolt, an end that loads the line of force passes the aperture location of loading force bolt, the other end of the loading line of force is walked around pulley and is carried the lotus counterweight, be positioned on the measuring disk face of cylinder that loads the line of force both sides extension arm is housed respectively, lay the position sensing system that comprises PSD position transducer and laser instrument on the extension arm.
The useful effect that the present invention has is:
By certain any displacement on the arm that measure to amplify length, make the friction angle also can be measured accurately; The balance cancellation weight influence of bearing itself and measurement bay, can realize the measurement under the tiny load situation; Use non-contacting sensor, realized the friction force of sliding bearing and rolling bearing and the accurate measurement of friction factor.This method can be measured under the small load real transverse bearing Frotteurism, to the open and shut characteristic of research bearing, truly lubricated and stick-slip effect etc. has remarkable advantages.The exploitation of novel bearing and lubricant or the judge that has of detection are worth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a friction measurement synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the dynamic balance synoptic diagram of measurement of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a structural principle synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a measurement bay isometric cutaway view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a loading force bolt isometric cutaway view of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, extension arm, 2, measurement bay, 3, rotating shaft, 4, position sensing system (comprising PSD position transducer and laser instrument), 5, load counterweight, 6, load the line of force, 7, pulley, 8, measuring disk, 9, loading force bolt, 10, tested sliding bearing, 11, baffle plate, 12, aperture.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Be the friction measurement synoptic diagram as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, its measuring process is as follows:
1) its method of measuring friction force is for utilizing lever principle, between tested sliding bearing and the rotating shaft or the moment of friction between the tested rolling bearing Internal and external cycle be converted to rotational angle by the measurement bay that is suspended on the rotating shaft, after the pulling force balance that loads the force, its rotational angle can keep balance, and this rotational angle and moment of friction keep linear approximate relationship in low-angle＜5 °, make error be no more than 5 ‰;
2) from the top loading force, load the line of force and be connected on the pulley, utilize its force direction conversion, realize loading;
What 3) measure that friction force relies on is to be suspended in the rotational angle that produces after the moment of friction of the measurement bay in the rotating shaft and the loading moment balance;
4) two arms are stretched out in the measurement bay end, one of them arm is laid the position sensing system that comprises PSD position transducer and laser instrument, utilize PSD position transducer moving with respect to static laser facula, the variation of measurement bay rotational angle relies on the vertical displacement of the measurement point of cantilever, its displacement numerical value and jib-length, be the distance of rotating shaft core, calculate the anglec of rotation, the displacement that promptly utilizes the lever amplification to be caused to sensor.
When rotational angle＜5 °, measure equation is as follows:
In the formula: μ-friction factor; The N-rotating shaft is to the pressure of bearing, N=|P-G|; The P-loading force; G-measurement bay weight; Rotational angle under θ-Frotteurism; R-loading force application point is to the distance at measurement bay center; R-rotating shaft radius; The displacement that l-measures; The s-displacement transducer is to the distance at measurement bay center.The error of this formula under ° situation of angle θ＜5 is no more than 5 ‰, can meet the demands fully.
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, be the bush(ing) bearing friction measurement device, wherein:
The annular bearing with rolling contact friction measurement device, structure is the same substantially with the bush(ing) bearing friction measurement device, just has any different on the clamping to bearing, do not figure in addition, wherein:
Can adopt wringing fit for sliding bearing 10 and housing washer, to guarantee the rigidity of measurement bay 2, the extension arm 1 of measurement bay 2 wherein an end lay the position sensing system 4 that comprises PSD position transducer and laser instrument, with the perpendicular displacement l that measures after the anglec of rotation that friction causes in its end points.By the parameter of l value and other (measurement bay weight G loads the distance R of force to the axle center, displacement transducer to the axle center apart from s etc.) can determine the size of friction factor.Measurement bay inside as shown in Figure 4, regulate measurement range for convenience, the place of laying at loading force bolt 9 has designed helicitic texture, make that R can be adjusted, thereby make and also can measure bigger friction, expansion measurement range that can be suitable is as at a high speed and under the bigger lubricant situation of viscosity.Load the force as shown in Figure 5, aperture 12 of design on the axis of loading force bolt 9, its diameter is no more than 0.05mm, and such design can guarantee to load the stability in force.
This method is applicable to transverse bearing or has the rub measurement that rotatablely moves under tiny load or little load condition.Its with balance method cancellation the weight influence of bearing itself and measurement bay, can realize the measurement under the tiny load situation, the use non-contacting sensor has been realized the accurate measurement of friction force and friction factor.
Above-mentioned embodiment is used for the present invention that explains, rather than limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present utility model and claim, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of friction force of bearing under tiny load measuring method is characterized in that:
1) its method of measuring friction force is for utilizing lever principle, between tested sliding bearing and the rotating shaft or the moment of friction between the tested rolling bearing Internal and external cycle be converted to rotational angle by the measurement bay that is suspended on the rotating shaft, after the pulling force balance that loads the force, its rotational angle can keep balance, and this rotational angle and moment of friction keep linear approximate relationship in low-angle＜5 °, make error be no more than 5 ‰;
2) from the top loading force, load the line of force and be connected on the pulley, utilize its force direction conversion, realize loading;
What 3) measure that friction force relies on is to be suspended in the rotational angle that produces after the moment of friction of the measurement bay in the rotating shaft and the loading moment balance;
4) two arms are stretched out in the measurement bay end, one of them arm is laid the position sensing system that comprises PSD position transducer and laser instrument, utilize PSD position transducer moving with respect to static laser facula, the variation of measurement bay rotational angle relies on the vertical displacement of the measurement point of cantilever, its displacement numerical value and jib-length, be the distance of rotating shaft core, calculate the anglec of rotation, the displacement that promptly utilizes the lever amplification to be caused to sensor.
2, a kind of friction force of bearing under tiny load measuring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when rotational angle＜5 °, measure equation is as follows:
In the formula: μ-friction factor; The N-rotating shaft is to the pressure of bearing, N=|P-G|; The P-loading force; G-measurement bay weight; Rotational angle under θ-Frotteurism; R-loading force application point is to the distance at measurement bay center; R-rotating shaft radius; The displacement that l-measures; The s-displacement transducer is to the distance at measurement bay center.The error of this formula under ° situation of angle θ＜5 is no more than 5 ‰, can meet the demands fully.
3, be used for the described a kind of friction force of bearing under tiny load measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that: measurement bay (2) comprises extension arm (1), measuring disk (8), loading force bolt (9), tested sliding bearing (10), baffle plate (11); Tested sliding bearing (10) is placed in measuring disk (8) hole of measurement bay (2), tested sliding bearing (10) is a wringing fit with measuring disk (8) hole, tested sliding bearing (10) is a clearance fit with rotating shaft (3), two baffle plates (11) are pressed in (10) two end faces of tested sliding bearing respectively, measurement bay (2) is suspended in the rotating shaft (3), measuring disk (8) is equipped with loading force bolt (9) on the face of cylinder, have aperture (12) in the loading force bolt (9), an end that loads the line of force (6) passes aperture (12) location of loading force bolt (9), the other end of the loading line of force (6) is walked around pulley (7) and is carried lotus counterweight (5), be positioned on measuring disk (8) face of cylinder that loads the line of force (6) both sides extension arm (1) is housed respectively, lay the position sensing system (4) that comprises PSD position transducer and laser instrument on the extension arm.
4, be used for the described a kind of friction force of bearing under tiny load measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that: measurement bay (2) comprises extension arm (1), measuring disk (8), loading force bolt (9), tested rolling bearing, baffle plate (11); Tested rolling bearing is placed in measuring disk (8) hole of measurement bay (2), tested housing washer and measuring disk (8) hole is a wringing fit, tested rolling bearing inner ring and rotating shaft (3) are wringing fit, two baffle plates (11) are pressed into two end faces of tested rolling bearing respectively, baffle plate (11) internal diameter is greater than the inner ring maximum gauge, measurement bay (2) is suspended in the rotating shaft (3), measuring disk (8) is equipped with loading force bolt (9) on the face of cylinder, have aperture (12) in the loading force bolt (9), an end that loads the line of force (6) passes aperture (12) location of loading force bolt (9), the other end of the loading line of force (6) is walked around pulley (7) and is carried lotus counterweight (5), be positioned on measuring disk (8) face of cylinder that loads the line of force (6) both sides extension arm (1) is housed respectively, lay the position sensing system (4) that comprises PSD position transducer and laser instrument on the extension arm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100498056A CN1321321C (en) | 2005-05-24 | 2005-05-24 | Method and device for measuring friction force of bearing under tiny load |
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| CNB2005100498056A CN1321321C (en) | 2005-05-24 | 2005-05-24 | Method and device for measuring friction force of bearing under tiny load |
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Cited By (22)
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| CN100387954C (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2008-05-14 | 慈兴集团有限公司 | Measuring for friction torque of bearing under micro-loading at different rotation rate and measuring apparatus therefor |
| CN100478663C (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2009-04-15 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Detector for measuring bearing friction torque |
| CN102539039A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 清华大学 | Method and equipment for measuring friction torque of radially loaded bearing |
| CN105758351A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-13 | 张远程 | Length measurement device and method based on force-electricity conversion sensor |
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| CN106092405A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Measure the hydraulic means moment of friction methods such as hydrostatic bearing |
| CN106441196A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 北京理工大学 | Shaft-hole fit clearance measuring device and method based on friction |
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| US4235092A (en) * | 1979-06-08 | 1980-11-25 | Burroughs Corporation | Low friction bearing running torque measuring apparatus |
| DE3536474A1 (en) * | 1985-10-12 | 1987-04-16 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE FRICTION TORQUE OF A MEASURING BEARING |
| JPH09257652A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 1997-10-03 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Method for evaluating frictional characteristics of bearing |
| CN2604674Y (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2004-02-25 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Bearing friction force torque measuring instrument |
| CN2802484Y (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2006-08-02 | 浙江大学 | Device for measuring microload friction of bearing |
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| CN1321321C (en) | 2007-06-13 |
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