CN1684872A - 制造用于浸泡产品的四面体形过滤袋的机器和方法 - Google Patents

制造用于浸泡产品的四面体形过滤袋的机器和方法 Download PDF

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CN1684872A
CN1684872A CNA2003801000278A CN200380100027A CN1684872A CN 1684872 A CN1684872 A CN 1684872A CN A2003801000278 A CNA2003801000278 A CN A2003801000278A CN 200380100027 A CN200380100027 A CN 200380100027A CN 1684872 A CN1684872 A CN 1684872A
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filter bag
sealing
workstation
filter
transverse
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CN100500516C (zh
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达里奥·雷亚
绍罗·里沃拉
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IMA Industria Macchine Automatiche SpA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/70Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
    • B65D85/804Disposable containers or packages with contents which are mixed, infused or dissolved in situ, i.e. without having been previously removed from the package
    • B65D85/808Disposable containers or packages with contents which are mixed, infused or dissolved in situ, i.e. without having been previously removed from the package for immersion in the liquid to release part or all of their contents, e.g. tea bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/345Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
    • B29C66/3452Making complete joints by combining partial joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B29C66/81465General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint one placed behind the other in a single row in the feed direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B29C66/81467General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint arranged in an offset pattern
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849Packaging machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B29/00Packaging of materials presenting special problems
    • B65B29/02Packaging of substances, e.g. tea, which are intended to be infused in the package
    • B65B29/028Packaging of substances, e.g. tea, which are intended to be infused in the package packaging infusion material into filter bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/433Casing-in, i.e. enclosing an element between two sheets by an outlined seam
    • B29C66/4332Casing-in, i.e. enclosing an element between two sheets by an outlined seam by folding a sheet over
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2711/00Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2711/12Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B29K2711/126Impregnated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
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    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/40Packages formed by enclosing successive articles, or increments of material, in webs, e.g. folded or tubular webs, or by subdividing tubes filled with liquid, semi-liquid, or plastic materials
    • B65D75/44Individual packages cut from webs or tubes
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    • B65D75/50Tetrahedral packages

Abstract

一种制作用于浸泡产品(P)的四面体形过滤袋(1)的机器(100),该机器(100)包括一条由一系列操作站(50,9,10,14,11,12,13)形成的生产线(L),在这些操作站上,由一个连续的扁平过滤纸管(2)制作成多个过滤袋(1),这些过滤袋中分别被装入定量的浸泡产品(P)并连续进行切断和封闭口密封(SL,ST,SC);该生产线(L)沿水平方向(A)延伸,并且按顺序包括第一密封工作站(50),该第一密封工作站用于制作第一纵向密封(SL)以形成管(2),因此该工作站沿着与水平方向(A)平行的方向延伸;一个第二管(2)密封工作站(9),用于横向于水平方向(A)在管(2)上制作一连串横向密封(ST);一个切断工作站(10),用于在横向密封(ST)切断管(2),以便于形成一系列处于成形过程中的过滤袋(1),每个过滤袋有一个密封底端和一个未密封端(7);一个用于打开每个过滤袋(1)未密封端(7)的工作站(11);一个用于计量加入产品(P)的工作站(12),在该工作站,计量的产品(P)通过未密封开口端(7)被装入过滤袋(1);以及一个第三密封工作站(13),用于制作一个密封(SC),该密封部分可以封闭每个过滤袋(1)仍然敞开的一端(7);该封闭口密封(SC)沿横向于上述纵向密封(SL)和上述横向密封(ST)的方向延伸。

Description

制造用于浸泡产品的四面体形 过滤袋的机器和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造用于浸泡产品(infusion product),如茶叶、甘菊等的过滤袋的机器和方法。
特别的是,本发明涉及四面体形或金字塔形过滤袋及其生产。
技术背景
目前,在市场上最常见并得以广泛采用的过滤袋是那些具有一个或两个耳片(lobe)、或具有产品容纳部分的过滤袋,这些过滤袋具有基本上扁平的形状并由过滤纸形成,过滤纸包裹在所装入的浸泡产品周围,从而形成一个管。
其它类型的过滤袋虽然不如商业上更普遍的单或双耳片袋那样应用广泛,但是也被人们所知并被人们所使用,它们就是那些具有三维形状的过滤袋,如在美国专利US 2187417中描述的袋状过滤袋,或就是那些具有四面体形状的过滤袋,为了方便起见,这种四面体形状在下文中也被称作“金字塔形状”,正如在美国专利US4290521中描述的一样。
一方面,该发明具体涉及形成金字塔形过滤袋、给过滤袋装入浸泡产品并在最后密封过滤袋的步骤。
美国专利US4290947和US5548947中描述了一种现有技术中的用于制造金字塔形过滤袋的机器。该机器包括一个用于连续供给过滤纸的工作站,和一个用于形成一个垂直延伸的连续管的工作站;一个将定量浸泡产品装入该垂直管的定量加料装置;以及用于制作密封部分/折痕的密封/折叠工作站,该工作站通过将管与制作金字塔形状所必需的折痕密封在一起,可以接连制作横向密封部分,并可以沿垂直方向工作。
实际上,上述美国专利的金字塔形过滤袋是在一条垂直生产线上制作的,使用的流程包括以下步骤:定位并纵向密封过滤袋以形成管;在该管的下端制作一个第一横向封闭部分;将一定量的产品装入该管的下端,并通过重力使其沉积;制作一个第二横向封闭部分,该第二横向封闭部分与上述第一横向封闭部分成90°,以便于形成金字塔形状;最后,切断该过滤纸管,从而接连形成金字塔形过滤纸袋。
然而,该流程具有明显的缺点,尤其因为该定量加料装置是在金字塔形过滤纸袋制作机的定量加料工作站对浸泡产品进行计量并将其装入管中。
实际上,该定量加料装置通常包括一个中空圆筒件,定量的浸泡产品被计量着装入其中,随后,该圆筒件逐一释放定量产品到过滤纸管的下端。该圆筒件垂直延伸,并且具有相当的长度。
由于该中空圆筒件内的计量操作很复杂,所以这种操作具有固有的速度限制,因此总体上大大减慢了茶叶袋制作机的操作速度。此外,复杂的密封操作也具有速度限制,其中,过滤纸端部可以通过该密封操作而被封闭起来,从而使过滤袋具有金字塔形状。
于是,制作上述金字塔形过滤袋的机器只能以有限的速度进行操作,因此,不能满足当前对于高速和大量生产的市场需求。
因此,本发明的一个目标在于,提供可以克服现有技术的上述缺点的一种机器以及一种相关的过滤袋生产方法。
发明内容
因此,本发明提供了一种制作用于浸泡产品的四面体形过滤袋的机器,该机器包括一条由一连串操作站形成的生产线,在这些操作站上,由一个连续的扁平过滤纸管制作成多个过滤袋,这些过滤袋中分别被装入定量的浸泡产品并连续进行切断和封闭口密封;该机器的特征在于,该生产线沿水平方向延伸,并且按顺序包括第一密封工作站,该第一密封工作站用于制作第一纵向密封部分以形成管,因此该工作站沿着与水平方向平行的方向延伸;一个第二管密封工作站,用于横向于水平方向在管上制作一连串横向密封部分;一个切断工作站,用于在横向密封部分切断管,以便于形成一连串处于成形过程中的过滤袋,每个过滤袋有一个密封底端和一个未密封端;一个用于打开每个过滤袋未密封端的工作站;一个用于定量加入产品的工作站,在该工作站,定量的产品通过未密封开口端被装入过滤袋;以及一个第三密封工作站,用于制作一个密封部分,该密封部分可以封闭每个过滤袋仍然敞开的一端;该封闭口密封部分沿横向于上述纵向密封部分和上述横向密封部分的方向延伸。
本发明也提供了一种制作用于浸泡产品的四面体形过滤袋的方法,该方法的特征在于,它包含以下步骤,这些步骤在沿水平方向延伸的生产线上完成:形成一个连续的扁平过滤纸管;在管上制作一个沿着与水平方向平行的方向延伸的纵向密封部分;横向于水平方向在管上制作一连串横向密封部分;在横向密封部分切断管,以便于形成一连串处于成形过程中的过滤袋,每个过滤袋有一个密封底端和一个未密封端;打开每个过滤袋的未密封端;通过未密封的开口端将浸泡产品定量装入过滤袋;沿横向于上述纵向密封部分和上述横向密封部分的方向,制作另一个密封部分,以封闭每个过滤袋的开口端。
附图说明
实现本发明上述目的的技术特征在下面的权利要求书中得以清楚的描述,而且通过下面结合附图的详细说明可以很显然地看到其优点,其中这些附图显示了本发明一个优选实施例,而该优选实施例只是用作例子而已,实际上并不对本发明范围进行限制,其中:
图1和图2分别是由本发明的机器制造的金字塔形过滤袋的前透视图和平面视图;
图3是用于制作附图1所示金字塔形过滤袋的机器的示意性透视图,该图部分呈横截面形式,同时为了清楚起见,有一些零件已被切去;
图4、图5和图6是特写(close-up)视图,显示了在构成图3所示机器一部分的一个工作站上进行的连续步骤;
图7、图8、图9和图10是特写视图,显示了在构成图3所示机器一部分的另一个工作站上进行的连续步骤;
图11显示了构成图3所示机器一部分的另一个工作站,该工作站可以执行本发明的一个步骤。
具体实施方式
参考图3,数字100从整体上表示一台用于制作过滤袋1的机器,如图1和图2所示,该过滤袋用于容纳一种浸泡产品P,如茶叶、甘菊等,并且具有一个由三个三角形面和一个三角形底部形成的四面金字塔形状,同时,有一根线绳F将该过滤袋连到一个拾取(pickup)签E。
如图3所示,机器100连续操作,并包括一个基本上沿水平方向A延伸的生产线L,多个工作站(station)沿着该生产线按如下顺序连续布置:一个工作站(已知类型,没有示出),用于将过滤纸折叠成连续平整的管2的形状;一个密封工作站50,用于制作一个纵向密封部分SL(平行于方向A)并修整管2;一个密封工作站9,用于在管2上制作一连串横向密封部分ST(横向于方向A),以确定每个过滤袋1的连续周边;一个工作站10,用于横向(仍相对于方向A而言)切断平整的管2,以便于形成单个过滤袋1,而且每个过滤袋具有一个开口或未密封口7;一个工作站11和一个计量加料工作站12,工作站11用于打开口7,计量加料工作站12用于通过未密封口7将计量好或投配量的浸泡产品P装入每个过滤袋1;以及另一个密封工作站13,密封工作站13适合于通过制作一个密封部分SC而封闭开口7,密封部分SC沿横向于密封部分SL和密封部分ST的方向延伸,以便于形成三维金字塔形状,下面将参考图9和图10进行更加详细的说明。
在方向A上并且在切断工作站10和工作站11之间,机器100还包括一个传输工作站14,在过滤袋1的成形过程中,一旦过滤袋1被切断,该传输工作站就夹紧过滤袋1,并将它们一个接一个传输到过滤袋1拾取装置15,该装置安装在传送装置16上,该传送装置16沿着进给路线的一条曲线路段PC运输正成形的过滤袋1,该进给路线位于经过上述工作站11、12和13的直线L上。
更仔细地观察上述工作站的结构细节,密封工作站50包括一个位于一个超声波发射器或超声焊极(sonotrode)51上面的接触元件52(通常被业内专家称为“砧座”)。该超声焊极51在远离管2的一个位置和接近管2的一个位置之间、沿着垂直方向(箭头F50)往复运动,并通过超声波方式制作密封部分SL。
类似地,密封工作站9包括一个位于一个超声波发射器或超声焊极20上面的接触元件19。该超声焊极20在远离管2的一个位置和接近管2的一个位置之间、沿着垂直方向(箭头F20)往复运动,并通过超声波方式制作密封部分ST。
在实验测试中,使用超声焊极51和20制作密封部分的方案可以在密封速度方面取得最好效果,因此,这种方案被认为是优选方案。在一个替换实施例(图中未示)中,密封部分可以通过传统的加热密封辊来制作,而不是通过超声焊极51和20,在这种情况下,接触元件52和19将由相应的辊子代替。
如图3所示,切断工作站10包括一个旋转刀25和一个位于过滤纸管2下的对置刀(counterknife)26。
当旋转时,旋转刀25在方向A上并对每个密封部分ST,在下游切断管2,从而将管2分成一连串过滤袋1。
再次参考图3,传输工作站14包括一对双面夹子30,它们在各过滤袋1被切断时抓紧它。
这两个夹子30由常用的四连杆型驱动装置31所启动,该启动装置31位于管2的下面并设计成可以通过一个从切断工作站10到拾取装置15的平移运动(箭头F30)来传输各过滤袋1。
如图3和图4所示,拾取装置15包括多对夹子32,这些夹子被均匀地径向设置在一个转鼓33上,该转鼓构成了上述传送装置16。
在过滤袋1的成形过程中,过滤袋1被夹子30传输到夹子32,其中每对夹子32在第一个横向密封部分ST处拾取一个过滤袋1。
转鼓33的旋转运动确定成形过程中的过滤袋1的这段进给路线PC,它通过转动过滤袋1,从而使每个过滤袋1依次被定位到用于打开未密封口7的工作站11,用于计量装入产品P的工作站12,和密封工作站13,如图5至图11所示。
如图4所示,每对过滤袋1拾取夹32设置有过滤袋1固定装置18,该固定装置包括用于支撑过滤袋1的一对平行的第一杆34,第一杆34垂直于夹子32延伸,而且第一杆的一侧被连接到夹子32,并随其一起运动。
第一杆34的结构使得当夹子32在由横向密封部分ST确定的过滤袋1边缘闭合时,第一杆可以沿着由纵向密封部分SL限定的边缘在两侧夹住过滤袋1。
稳定装置18还包括一对第二杆35,第二杆被连接到夹子32中心,并相对这对第一杆34以一角度延伸,并且通过彼此分岔,从而形成一个V形元件,其中该V形元件的尖端位于这对夹子32处:由于采用这种稳定结构,所以过滤袋1可以得到最佳支撑与定位,以便随后实现使过滤袋1形成四面体形状的步骤。
如图5和图6中更详细地显示的一样,一旦过滤袋1被这对夹子32拾取之后,过滤袋1就被移动靠近装置17,该装置17可以给过滤袋1准备开口,而且该装置17包括一个第一刚性接触元件36,该接触元件具有C形截面,并且可以在一个远离过滤袋1的无效位置(idleposition)(如图5中虚线所示)和一个工作位置之间运动,在工作位置时,第一元件36接触并且部分包围开口7的部分端部,以便通过推挤(如图5中实线和箭头F36所示)来部分打开开口。
该准备装置17还包括一个第二刚性元件37,第二刚性元件37将过滤袋1定位在靠近计量工作站12的地方,并且可操作地进行定位,以作用于过滤袋1的一个边缘,该边缘与第一刚性元件36作用的边缘相对。
如图6所示,第二刚性元件37包括一个叉子,该叉子有两个叉股37a和37b,并且可以从一个远离过滤袋1的第一无效位置(图6中虚线)移动到一个第二工作位置,第二刚性元件在沿水平方向进行平移运动之后,在该工作位置上接触并包围过滤袋1的由这对夹子32夹住的端部(图6中实线和箭头F37),最后到达一个第三位置,在该第三位置上时,刚性元件37通过在过滤袋1具有开口7的自由端的方向上(图6中虚线和箭头F37A)离开拾取夹32,从而稳定过滤袋1。
这样,过滤袋1处于接收产品P的正确位置,而且开口7准备完全被打开。
如图7所示,用于打开每个过滤袋1的开口7的工作站11包括一对销28,每个销28被安装在一个臂29的端部,该臂可操作地定位于每个过滤袋1的开口7上方。销28随各个臂29一起从一个第一提高的无效位置移动到一个可以为开口做准备的第二低工作位置;其中,在第一提高的无效位置时,臂29靠在一起而且远离开口7(图7中虚线),而在第二低工作位置时,销28位于开口7内(图7中实线和箭头F28),然后销28移动到一个第三中间位置,在第三中间位置时,这些销部分打开开口7,以便于将产品P的投配量装入过滤袋中(图8中箭头F28A)。
在到达上述第三工作位置后,销28便停止,从而使过滤袋1的开口7朝着产品P计量工作站12敞开。
如图8所示,工作站12包括一个用于计量装入产品P的管嘴27,该管嘴通过一个常用的计量装置供应产品P,该计量装置没有在图中示出。
该管嘴27可以在一个无效位置(图8中实线)和一个计量位置(图8中虚线和箭头F27)之间移动,其中,在无效位置时,管嘴27远离过滤袋1,而在定量加料位置时,管嘴27通过开口7在过滤袋1内部。
当管嘴27被抬起时,臂29移动到一个第四工作位置,在该第四工作位置时,臂29进一步分离,从而使销28可以对开口7施加一个拉作用(图9中箭头F28)。
在这点上,转鼓33移动过滤袋1,使其靠近工作站13,而且在工作站13密封部分SC被制作。
如图9和图10更详细地显示的一样,密封工作站13被设置有一对夹子24,这对夹子24可以夹持开口7的内边缘,从而稳定开口7的相对边(图示箭头F24表示其运动方向)。显然,这对夹子24的宽度小于通过拉开口7形成的边缘的宽度,由此,使销28能够被拔出(图10中箭头F28C)。类似地,在低于通过拉伸开口7形成的自由边缘的位置,这对夹子24与过滤袋1接触,同时留下一个自由部分,以便于可以制作密封部分SC。
如图11所示,密封部分SC最好是一个由超声波密封装置22制作的超声波密封,一个砧座23可操作地定位于该装置中,以作为超声波发生器或超声焊极21的基座(base)。
与制作密封部分SL和ST的情况一样,在实验测试中,使用超声焊极21的方案可以在密封速度方面提供最好效果,因此这个方案被认为是优选方案。在一个替换实施例(未示出)中,密封部分可以通过一个传统的加热密封装置来制作,而不是通过超声焊极21,在这种情况下,元件23将被另一个夹子代替。
如图11清楚所示,超声焊极21和砧座23(或作为替换的夹子21和32)可以在一个远离开口7边缘的无效位置(图11中虚线)和一个两者接触并使过滤袋1边缘接合的工作位置(图11中实线和箭头F21和F23)之间运动。
一旦制作好密封部分SC,过滤袋1就完成,并具有如图1和图2所示的四面体形状,并且能够被转鼓33释放并被传输到下游的堆叠和装盒装置。
该机器及其体现的方法可以达到本发明的上述目的,因为其形成过滤袋1的过程简单而且快速,其中,过滤袋与通过迄今为止的已知方法制造的那些过滤袋不同,首先,过滤袋被逐一部分成形,然后,通过它们的开口装入产品,最后,被密封成它们最终的四面体形状。
该装置能够水平进给过滤纸管,并且能够在定量装入产品之前形成过滤袋,并且可以密封过滤袋,因此便意味着该装置比起现有技术中的装置来讲,功能更多、结构更紧凑,所以可以以更低得多的成本来制作这种过滤袋,同时也不降低机器速度和产量。
可以在不脱离本发明思想范围的条件下,对本发明进行各种修改和变化。而且本发明的所有零件都可以用技术上的等同物进行替代。

Claims (16)

1.一种制作用于浸泡产品(P)的四面体形过滤袋(1)的机器(100),该机器(100)包括一条由一系列操作站(50,9,10,14,11,12,13)限定的生产线(L),在这些操作站上,形成由一个连续的扁平过滤纸管(2)制作成多个过滤袋(1),这些过滤袋中被装入相应剂量的浸泡产品(P)并受到连续进行切断和封闭口密封(SL,ST,SC);该机器(100)的特征在于,该生产线(L)在水平方向(A)上延伸,并且按顺序包括第一密封工作站(50),该第一密封工作站用于制作第一纵向密封(SL)以形成管(2),使得第一纵向密封部分沿着与水平方向(A)平行的方向延伸;一个第二管(2)密封工作站(9),用于横向于水平方向(A)在管(2)上制作一系列的横向密封(ST);一个切断工作站(10),用于在横向密封(ST)处切断管(2),以便于形成一系列处于成形过程中的过滤袋(1),每个过滤袋有一个密封底端和一个未密封端(7);一个用于打开每个过滤袋(1)未密封端(7)的工作站(11);一个用于计量浸泡产品(P)的工作站(12),在该工作站,一定量的产品(P)通过未密封开口端(7)被插入过滤袋(1);以及一个第三密封工作站(13),用于制作一个密封(SC),该密封可以封闭每个过滤袋(1)仍然敞开的一端(7);该封闭口密封(SC)沿横向于上述纵向密封(SL)和上述横向密封(ST)的方向延伸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机器,其特征在于,切断工作站(10)与打开工作站(11)之间有一个传输工作站(14),在该传输工作站,每个处于成形过程中的过滤袋(1)被从切断工作站(10)上拾取,并通过输送装置(16)输送至打开工作站(11)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的机器,其特征在于,该输送装置(16)包括一个转鼓(33),该转鼓设计成可以沿着线路(L)中的进给路线的一条曲线路段(PC)来供应过滤袋(1),该线路(L)通过上述打开工作站、计量工作站和第三密封工作站(11、12、13)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的机器,其特征在于,转鼓(33)支撑着夹持/稳定装置(15、17、18),该装置用于拾取过滤袋(1),并将过滤袋(1)保持在转鼓(33)上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的机器,其特征在于,该夹持/稳定装置(15、17、18)包括多对夹子(32),其中每对夹子拾取单一一个过滤袋(1),并且设置有一对第一过滤袋(1)支撑杆(34),这对支撑杆相互平行并沿垂直于夹子(32)的方向延伸,还设置有一对第二杆(35),这对第二杆在中央地连接于夹子(32),而且与这对第一杆(34)成一定角度地延伸,并且彼此分岔从而形成一个V形元件,该V形元件的尖端位于这对夹子(32)上;夹持/固定装置(15、17、18)还包括一个第一和一个第二刚性元件(36、37),这些刚性元件被设计成允许每个过滤袋(1)定位在计量站(12)上。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一所述的机器,其特征在于,第一密封工作站(50)包括用于制作纵向密封(SL)的超声波密封装置(51、52);该超声波密封装置(51、52)包括至少一个超声焊极(51),该超声焊极朝向和离开接触元件(52)运动。
7.根据权利要求1-5中任一所述的机器,其特征在于,第一密封工作站(50)包括用于制作纵向密封(SL)的加热密封装置(51、52)。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一所述的机器,其特征在于,第二密封工作站(9)包括用于制作横向密封(ST)的超声波密封装置(20、19);该超声波密封装置(20、19)包括至少一个超声焊极(20),该超声焊极可以朝向和离开接触元件(19)运动。
9.根据权利要求1-7中任一所述的机器,其特征在于,第二密封工作站(9)包括用于制作横向密封部分(ST)的加热密封装置(20、19)。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一所述的机器,其特征在于,第三密封工作站(13)包括用于制作封闭口密封(SC)的超声波密封装置(21、22、23);该超声波密封装置(21、22、23)包括至少一个超声焊极(21),该超声焊极可以朝向和离开接触元件(23)运动。
11.根据权利要求1-9中任一所述的机器,其特征在于,第三密封工作站(13)包括用于制作封闭口密封(SC)的加热密封装置(21、22、23)。
12.根据权利要求1-11中任一所述的机器,其特征在于,计量站(12)包括一个用于计量产品(P)的管嘴(27);该管嘴(27)在一个无效位置与一个计量位置之间移动,其中,在无效位置时,管嘴(27)自身离开过滤袋(1),而在计量位置时,管嘴(27)自身通过未密封端(7)在过滤袋(1)内。
13.根据权利要求1-12中任一所述的机器,其特征在于,用于打开未密封端(7)的工作站(11)包括一对销(28),每个销(28)被安装在一个臂(29)上;臂(29)和销(28)可以从一第一提高无效位置移动到一第二低工作位置,以便为开口做好准备,其中,在第一高无效位置时,每个臂(29)离开未密封端(7)并靠近另一个臂(29),而在第二降低的工作位置时,销(28)位于端(7)内,而且,臂(29)和销(28)还移动到一第三位置,在该第三位置时,销(28)打开端(7),从而允许一定量的产品(P)被装入其中,而且,臂(29)和销(28)还移动到一第四工作位置,在该第四工作位置时,臂(29)进一步分开,使得销(28)在端(7)上施加一个拉作用。
14.一种制作用于浸泡产品(P)的四面体形过滤袋(1)的方法,该方法的特征在于,它包含以下步骤,这些步骤在沿水平方向(A)延伸的生产线上完成:形成一个连续的扁平过滤纸管(2);在管(2)上制作一个沿着与水平方向(A)平行的方向延伸的纵向密封(SL);横向于水平方向(A)在管(2)上制作一系列横向密封(ST);在横向密封(ST)处切断管(2),以便于形成一系列处于成形过程中的过滤袋(1),每个过滤袋具有一个密封底端和一个未密封端(7);打开每个过滤袋(1)的未密封端(7);通过未密封的开口端(7)将浸泡产品(P)计量装入过滤袋(1);沿横向于纵向密封(SL)和横向密封(ST)的方向,制作另一个密封(SC),以封闭每个过滤袋(1)的开口端(7)。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,至少一个密封步骤是通过发射超声波来完成。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的方法,其特征在于,至少一个密封步骤是通过加热密封来完成。
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