CN1675449A - 分离流体、尤其是油、气和水的管式分离装置 - Google Patents

分离流体、尤其是油、气和水的管式分离装置 Download PDF

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CN1675449A
CN1675449A CNA038193574A CN03819357A CN1675449A CN 1675449 A CN1675449 A CN 1675449A CN A038193574 A CNA038193574 A CN A038193574A CN 03819357 A CN03819357 A CN 03819357A CN 1675449 A CN1675449 A CN 1675449A
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separator
pipe
pipe separator
gas
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CN100346055C (zh
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P·E·格拉姆
I·豪科姆
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Equinor Energy AS
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • E21B43/36—Underwater separating arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/045—Breaking emulsions with coalescers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/06—Separation of liquids from each other by electricity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0042—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow
    • B01D19/0052—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused
    • B01D19/0057—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused the centrifugal movement being caused by a vortex, e.g. using a cyclone, or by a tangential inlet

Abstract

一种用来分离流体、如分离油、气和水的管式分离装置，用以从海床下的结构层中提取和生产油和气，该装置包括一个具有入口和出口的管状分离装置本体(1)，出、入口原则上与和管式分离装置相连的输送管(4，7)相对应。本技术方案的特殊特征是一个管弯头或弯曲部分(2)设置在该管式分离装置(1)中，或与它的出口相连以形成一个与该管式分离装置(1)相关的流体密封件，该密封件设计成能保持该管式分离装置中的流体高度，但还允许该管式分离装置(1)和弯曲部分(2)能被除垢。

Description

分离流体、尤其是油、气和水的管式分离装置
本发明关于用来分离流体、例如分离油、气和水的管式分离装置，用以从海床下的结构层中提取和生产油和气。该分离装置包括管状分离装置的本体，该本体的入口和出口截面原则上与和该分离装置连接的输送管道相对应。这里“原则上”指的是分离装置本体可具有稍大的直径，这样的直径是在分离装置上获得分层的气、油和水必须的。
申请人本人的挪威专利申请No.19994244、20015048、20016216和20020619描述了用于在海床或海面上分离油、水和/或气的先有技术的管式分离装置。然而，这些技术方案有它们的缺点，它们不能用所谓的除垢器(pigs)或铰刀(reamers)类的机械装置来进行内部清洁工作。
本发明提出一种管式分离装置的技术方案，其中，可以使用这种机械装置。本发明的特征在于：管弯头或弯曲部分设置在管式分离装置上或与它的出口连接，以形成相对于管式分离装置的下游流体密封件，该装置设计成使流体保持在分离装置中的流体高度，还可使该分离装置和弯曲部分可以被铰孔。
独立权利要求2-4指出了本发明的有利特征。
下面将参照示例和附图来进一步详细描述本发明。
图1 a1)，a2)表示本发明的具有流体密封件的管式分离装置的原理图，a1)是从上往下看的，a2)是从侧面看的视图，和
图1b)表示放大的流体密封件本身的纵剖面图，
图2-6表示具有流体密封件的同样管式分离装置的替换实施例。
如上所述，图1表示本发明的具有流体密封件2的管式分离装置1。该管式分离装置通过输油管/供油管7连到井口5上，这里示出四个井，井口5的上游具有一个带管道除垢器(未示出)的除垢仓库8，用来为下游的管、分离装置和流体密封件7，1，2除垢。流体密封件2在分离装置1的下游，在图示和下面的例子中，它与分离装置本身构成一个整体。该流体密封件2设计成一个管弯头或弯曲部分，该管弯头或弯曲部分从分离装置的主要的水平端部3向上、然后向下延伸，并跨接在分离装置的主要水平部分或出口管/输送管4中。
当设计该流体密封件2时，当然需要确保它的曲率半径足够大，以保证管道除垢器或其它设备能很容易地通过。
在上面的描述中，关于本发明的“流体密封件”表示本发明可用于分离包含两种或多种流体成份的任何类型的流体。然而，在图示的例子中，是关于生产油和气的，这里的“水密封件”是用于从油流中除去已分离出的水。在变成水密封件2时，在它们上游具有一个凹下部分9，在凹下部分9的顶部很方便地开有孔，用以通过排泄管10来从分离装置上排泄掉水。该孔可防止铰刀进入排泄口并可确保在凹下部分9上方的沿流动通道的顺利的流动。水可被回收到一个注入井中或送去处理、或储存在水罐或类似装置(未示出)中。
因此本发明的操作方法是：来自井口5的流动的油和水、可能还有少量的气在该分离装置中分离，油和少量的气流过流体密封件到达输送管4，而分离的水通过管10从分离装置排出。该分离装置可很方便地安装状态测量装置和状态调节器，从而控制水的高度并确保在所有时间内排放出必须排出的数量的水。
采用这里示出的技术方案，就能铰削分离装置和以很容易的方式连接的管子或对它们进行除垢。
图2表示类似于图1的技术方案。然而在这里，在有大量气体产生(高的气/油比)的情况下，一个旋风分离器装在井口上，从而使流体在分离装置之前先分离气体，这样做是为了避免在水密封件中的流体形成油团(Slugs)、旋涡和重新混合。在旋风分离器中分离的气体可通过管12附近的井中来回收或送回到分离器1下游的输送管4。
图3表示类似于图2的替换技术方案。在井口5后、但在分离装置1的前面，在分离装置1的入口的前面设有一个油团阻尼器12。由于不能将一除垢器送入该油团阻尼器，因此除垢器发送器和除垢器组8安置成使除垢器的供给管13连到油团阻尼器12下游分离装置1上。
图4表示类似于图1所示技术方案的另一替换实施例。然而这里具有高流体/气体比的气体通到一个越过水密封件的旁路管14中。该气体管14很方便地连到水密封件2的上游的分离装置上，并连到该水密封件下游的输送管4上。
图5和6示出又一替换的实施例。该技术方案可用于中质油，它的油相脱水到0.5％的水，该实施例基于图2所示的实施例，其中旋风分离器11用来在管式分离装置1之前分离气体。来自管式分离装置1(图5)的油流在水密封件2后送到下游的一个小型的静电聚结器15(图6)和接着送到一个附加的油/水分离装置16，该分离装置16在管式分离装置1以后来分离剩余的水。来自旋风分离器11的气体送回到附加的油/水分离装置16后的输送管17中的油流中。

Claims (4)

1.一种管式分离装置，用于分离流体、如分离油、气和水，用以从海床下的结构层中提取和生产油和气，该分离装置包括一个管状分离装置的本体(1)，该本体的入口和出口原则上与和该管式分离装置连接的输送管(4，7)相对应，
其特征在于：一个管弯头或弯曲部分(2)设置在管式分离装置(1)上或与它的出口相连，从而形成一个与管式分离装置(1)相关的下游的流体密封件，该流体密封件设计成能保持管式分离装置中的流体高度，而且还允许该管式分离装置(1)和弯曲部分(2)能够被除垢。
2.按照权利要求1的管式分离装置，其特征在于：在管式分离器(1)的上游的井口，还有用于分离气体的一个旋风分离器(11)，该气体设计成在管(12)中送回到管式分离装置(1)下游的传送管(4)中。
3.按照权利要求1的管式分离器，其特征在于：一根气体旁路管(14)设计成围绕着流体密封件(2)输送气体，管(14)的入口连到管式分离装置上游的管式分离装置上，而它的出口连到管式分离装置(1)下游的输送管(4)上。
4.按照权利要求1和2的管式分离器，
其特征在于：
还有一个小型的静电聚结器，一个位于其后的、管式分离装置(1)下游的附加分离装置(16)，来自旋风分离器(11)的气设计成送回到该附加分离装置(16)后的输送管(4)，而从附加分离装置(16)分离的水设计成送到附近的井中来进行回收。
CNB038193574A 2002-08-16 2003-08-01 分离流体的管式分离装置 Expired - Lifetime CN100346055C (zh)

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NO20023919A NO316840B1 (no) 2002-08-16 2002-08-16 Rorseparator for separasjon av fluid, spesielt olje, gass og vann
NO20023919 2002-08-16

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AU (1) AU2003263673B9 (zh)
BR (3) BRPI0313433B1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2495647C (zh)
DE (1) DE60303822T2 (zh)
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CN105555412A (zh) * 2013-04-16 2016-05-04 麻省理工学院 用于乳化剂及其它混合物的单极分离的系统及方法
US9975064B2 (en) 2013-04-16 2018-05-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for unipolar separation of emulsions and other mixtures
US10155179B2 (en) 2013-04-16 2018-12-18 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for unipolar separation of emulsions and other mixtures

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CA2495647A1 (en) 2004-02-26
DE60303822D1 (de) 2006-04-27
ATE318990T1 (de) 2006-03-15
US7516794B2 (en) 2009-04-14
EP1540136A1 (en) 2005-06-15
US20060124313A1 (en) 2006-06-15
RU2005107325A (ru) 2005-08-10
CN100346055C (zh) 2007-10-31
AU2003263673A1 (en) 2004-03-03
CA2495647C (en) 2011-05-24
RU2319000C2 (ru) 2008-03-10
AU2003263673B2 (en) 2008-03-13
MXPA05001695A (es) 2005-07-19
DE60303822T2 (de) 2006-10-12
NO20023919D0 (no) 2002-08-16
BRPI0313433A8 (pt) 2019-02-12
EP1540136B1 (en) 2006-03-01
WO2004016907A1 (en) 2004-02-26
BR0313433A (pt) 2005-07-12
NO316840B1 (no) 2004-05-24
BRPI0313433B1 (pt) 2019-09-24
AU2003263673B9 (en) 2008-06-12

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