CN1661356A - Equipment for simulating compaction of soil by machines - Google Patents
Equipment for simulating compaction of soil by machines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1661356A CN1661356A CN 200510016550 CN200510016550A CN1661356A CN 1661356 A CN1661356 A CN 1661356A CN 200510016550 CN200510016550 CN 200510016550 CN 200510016550 A CN200510016550 A CN 200510016550A CN 1661356 A CN1661356 A CN 1661356A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- compaction
- machines
- simulating
- water potential
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
According to the track sliding principle and adjustable-speed motor and gear speed-regulating action, said invention designs and develops a soil mechanical compacting simulation device. Said device can be used for making various simulation tests with various action times of above 0.1s and loads of 0.1 kg/sq.cm-11 kg/sq.cm, and can be used for observing soil volumn-weight, soil porosity and soil water potential change.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to agricultural machinery technological field, is at the analogue means of experimental determination machinery to the soil compression effect.
Technical background:
Compaction of soil by machines has been widely regarded as to agricultural, gardening and the production of forestry challenging problem of tool more and more.Twentieth century is the century that mechanization develops rapidly, most local agro-farming changes tractor-drawn into by the livestock traction, especially in recent decades large tractor and outfitting tool thereof continue to bring out, and level of farming mechanization and farming efficient are greatly improved.But large tractor also rolls soil in farm work, cause the soil weight to increase, the soil aeration hole reduces, and the water penetrating power reduces, thereby causes the soil erosion to increase the weight of, the tractor-ploughing resistance increases, the crop root growth retardation, soil environment is destroyed, and promptly causes compaction of soil by machines (soil compaction), cause crop yield to reduce, drop into and strengthen.Because the excessive consolidation layer of soil mainly is present in subsoil, be difficult for being perceiveed by people, therefore, James C.F (1993) is referred to as " reticent thief " in " soil compression " book of its publication; Voorhees W. B (1977) is referred to as " ' natural resources ' that we newly get to know ".
At these problems of above existence, American-European countries has at first carried out research, and Asian, African and Latin American subsequently country also carries out this type of research, in the origin cause of formation, the characteristics of agricultural land soil mechanical ramming, endanger and avoid or aspect such as alleviating measures has obtained great success.And be in the design of tractor or in that soil cultivation is technical, all to have formed a cover technical measures system to eliminating mechanical ramming.China from last century the eighties aspect relevant soil works or paper in repeatedly mention soil compression, discussed soil compression problem (being referred to as the soil pressing plate in the book) in " pedology " book as the Zhu Zuxiang chief editor, but all specifically study no observation data.This area research is just at the early-stage in recent years, and Zhang Xingyi etc. study the compaction of farmland black earth tractor with small four wheels, and Li Ruxin etc. have measured the compaction of tractor with small four wheels to Beijing light loam.
At present mainly indicate the soil packing degree both at home and abroad with the soil weight, soil porosity, mechanical resistance (Penetrationresistance), soil water potential.Wherein soil water potential is the dynamic indicator that can show that soil texture changes with compacting intensity, can remedy the deficiency of other index.
Larson and Gupta (1980) observe increase along with external force by laboratory test, and soil water potential is tending towards reducing reaching and begins to increase to zero after minimum.Think that soil water potential reaches the pairing pressure of smallest point and is soil can bear when soil cultivation maximum machine pressure, be higher than this pressure, will cause we do not wish the serious compaction of soil by machines problem that takes place.Cruse and Larson (1977) and Francis and Cruse (1983) find that when soil water potential went to zero, soil agreegate intensity reduced rapidly, and further pressure boost is sheared them, and fragmentation takes place.But all results obtain under the pressure effect of long period.For example, the minimum soil water potential value that Larson obtained is to obtain being continuously applied under about 30 minutes pressure.In the production practices of field, the tractor speed of travel is usually at 0.2-5m/s, 0.1-2.5 second action time that is equivalent to soil is rolled.Therefore consider the pressure action time of the influence to soil compression, the safe pressure value that the soil that Larson measured can bear should be lower than the pressure that actual field can bear, and promptly the safety value (not causing the serious compacting of soil) measured of Larson should improve.The inventor goes to U.S.A. and carry out the research of ground pressure action time and soil water potential relation in February, 2003, finds at present that in the world analogue means is the simulation test device of Dexter and Tanner design preferably.Utilize nitrogen that water receptacle is carried out the moment pressurization, create instantaneous pressure, the sample that sinks in the water is pushed.Though this device can be simulated different pressures and different action times, had four major defects, the one, pedotheque buries and is placed in the water, puts into and take out loaded down with trivial details, and water itself has pressure, strengthened error; Two are to use gas boosting, and in the whole process of pressurization, pressure is inhomogeneous, to the accuracy existence influence of analog result; The 3rd, can't carry out soil water potential and measure; The 4th, equipment complexity, cost of manufacture height.So we can say does not still have feasible soil compression simulation test testing device at present, the soil compression proving installation has become the bottleneck of compaction of soil by machines research.The place of Here it is practical significance of the present invention.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is exactly the defective that has analogue means at the world at present now, has manufactured and designed the compaction of soil by machines simulation test device.The key of apparatus of the present invention is to utilize buncher 2. 8. to realize simulating mechanical different rows with sliding rail to walk speed and different load-carryings, utilize piston that the soil of soil sample holder in is 7. carried out compacting, metal soil sample holder is linked to each other with depressimeter, form a whole set of compaction of soil by machines simulating test device; 10. equipment set is supported by support, high 90cm; 6. control direction of travel by two-direction switch; Can simulate 0.1s with upward pressure action time and 11kg/cm
2With downforce to disturbance under the different moisture content or former state soil compaction effect; Can measure before pressing and the soil weight, soil porosity after pressing, also can measure soil water potential simultaneously.
Final goal of the present invention is to build one can carry different load-carryings, the device that speed that the soonest can 1m/s is advanced.1. the walking car carries out compacting by piston to the soil sample of sample holder in 7..If load-carrying walking car is advanced with the speed of 1m/s, piston and bogie contact length have only 0.1m, then the shortest 0.1s that can be controlled in of the time of bogie effect soil sample.Can 3. control friction speed by speed setting controller, thereby this device can act on the simulation test of soil sample 0.1s and above each action time thereof.
1, the realization of the different speeds of travel
Adopt principle: 2. buncher adjusts friction speed; Change gear size speed change.
The electromagnetic adjustable speed motor that adopts is the YCT132-4A model motor that Shanghai sea light electrical machinery plant produces, and speed adjustable range is 1280-125r/min.
5. driving wheel is Φ 18cm, 43 teeth; Φ 6cm, 14 teeth.4. flywheel is Φ 14cm, 32 teeth.
2, the realization of different load-carryings
Settle the road wheel of Φ 20cm in the middle of the bogie, the dilatory wheel of simulation.Road wheel is fixed on the centre of walking car by axostylus axostyle and four vertical and lateral steamboats.Promote road wheel by these four vertical and lateral steamboats and on intermediate orbit, walk, vertically fall, soil sample is carried out compaction when walking to the piston place.Road wheel is provided with the counterweight support bar, can add different counterweights.
3, the mensuration of the soil weight and soil water potential
The cross-sectional area of soil metal sample holder is certain, and utilize depth gage can measure soil and press preceding and pressure back height change, and then the variation that can calculate the soil weight.Utilize the U.S. to produce depressimeter (Tensiometer) and measure soil water potential.Miniature pot clay end is inserted in the sample holder, behind the machine-walking, measure soil water potential.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.1. bogie slides; 2. buncher; 3. speed setting controller; 4. governor gear; 5. driven wheel; 6. two-direction switch; 7. metal sleeve; 8. metal runners; 9. 10. support of chain.
Embodiment:
The present invention makes at Heilongjiang Province's Hailun City in March, 2004 and finishes.Carry out the compacting simulation test in May, 2004.Test findings through 1 year shows that this device has reached designing requirement fully, has obtained desirable test findings.This device can carry out various action times, 0.1kg/cm more than the 0.1s
2-11kg/cm
2The various simulation tests of load-carrying, the may observe soil weight, soil porosity, soil water potential between wilting moisture and field moisture change.
Claims (1)
1. equipment for simulating compaction of soil by machines, it is characterized in that utilizing buncher 2. 8. to realize simulating mechanical different rows and walk speed and different load-carryings with sliding rail, utilize piston that the soil of soil sample holder in is 7. carried out compacting, metal soil sample holder is linked to each other with depressimeter, form a whole set of compaction of soil by machines simulating test device; Can simulate 0.1s with upward pressure action time and 11kg/cm
2With downforce to disturbance under the different moisture content or former state soil compaction effect; Can measure before pressing and the soil weight, soil porosity after pressing, also can measure soil water potential simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510016550 CN1661356A (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2005-01-28 | Equipment for simulating compaction of soil by machines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510016550 CN1661356A (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2005-01-28 | Equipment for simulating compaction of soil by machines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1661356A true CN1661356A (en) | 2005-08-31 |
Family
ID=35010794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510016550 Pending CN1661356A (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2005-01-28 | Equipment for simulating compaction of soil by machines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1661356A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106872040A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-20 | 北京林业大学 | Soil color describes servicing unit and soil color describes equipment |
| CN108088603A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-05-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Dynamic soil mechanical resistance simulation measuring and calculating device and measuring method |
| CN108088603B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2024-06-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Dynamic soil mechanical resistance simulation measuring and calculating device and measuring and calculating method |
-
2005
- 2005-01-28 CN CN 200510016550 patent/CN1661356A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106872040A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-20 | 北京林业大学 | Soil color describes servicing unit and soil color describes equipment |
| CN108088603A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-05-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Dynamic soil mechanical resistance simulation measuring and calculating device and measuring method |
| CN108088603B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2024-06-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Dynamic soil mechanical resistance simulation measuring and calculating device and measuring and calculating method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN202083598U (en) | Dry-wet circulation large-size strain control type direct shearing device | |
| Horn et al. | Modern forestry vehicles and their impacts on soil physical properties | |
| CN105388031A (en) | Soil bin test trolley | |
| Solgi et al. | Soil compaction and porosity changes caused during the operation of Timberjack 450C skidder in northern Iran | |
| Rahardjo et al. | Understanding the stability of Samanea saman trees through tree pulling, analytical calculations and numerical models | |
| CN102230870A (en) | Method for testing grading broken stone CBR numerical value | |
| Ma’ruf | Shear strength of Apus bamboo root reinforced soil | |
| CN105890946A (en) | Preparation method for cohesive soil layer for simulating static pile sinking process | |
| Borchert et al. | Nutrient concentration on skid trails under brush-mats–Is a redistribution of nutrients possible? | |
| Yildiz et al. | Effects of roots and mycorrhizal fungi on the stability of slopes | |
| CN102445529A (en) | Soil compaction degree test device | |
| CN1661356A (en) | Equipment for simulating compaction of soil by machines | |
| CN204436367U (en) | A kind of high-pressure water jet drilling well experimental bench | |
| CN105784446A (en) | Device for making cohesive soil layer in process of simulated static pressure pile sinking | |
| Harnas et al. | Stability of containerized urban street trees | |
| CN101256183A (en) | Soil mechanical ramming simulation apparatus | |
| CN106093351B (en) | The test method and its device of soil deformation characteristic under a kind of simulation DYNAMIC LOADING OF DRIVING TRAIN ON BRIDGES | |
| EP2362090A3 (en) | Adjustable spread foundation, preferably separated, for offshore wind farms | |
| CN202595695U (en) | Device for making clay block used in simulation test of high sand concentration flood 'bottom tearing scour' | |
| CN108871950B (en) | Model test device for simulating tree root toppling, pulling and destroying under strong wind and rainstorm effect | |
| CN203385621U (en) | Large soil engineering triaxial creep test system | |
| CN205591239U (en) | Cofferdam structure | |
| CN205826379U (en) | Cube preparation of soil sample device | |
| CN203772622U (en) | Device for artificially preparing structured intact soft clay test soil sample | |
| CN208026738U (en) | A kind of new soil compaction apparatus |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |