CN102230870A - Method for testing grading broken stone CBR numerical value - Google Patents

Method for testing grading broken stone CBR numerical value Download PDF

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CN102230870A
CN102230870A CN2011100875211A CN201110087521A CN102230870A CN 102230870 A CN102230870 A CN 102230870A CN 2011100875211 A CN2011100875211 A CN 2011100875211A CN 201110087521 A CN201110087521 A CN 201110087521A CN 102230870 A CN102230870 A CN 102230870A
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simulation
cbr
broken stone
graded broken
wall
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CN102230870B (en
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蒋应军
任皎龙
徐寅善
李頔
李思超
刘延金
马庆伟
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Changan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for testing grading broken stone CBR numerical value. According to the invention, a physical model and a mechanical model are established for simulating the grading broken stone CBR test, the method comprises the following steps: testing basic parameters, simulating of a CBR testing model, test pieces, a load plate, a CBR pressure head and the like, endowing the physical model with micro mechanics parameters, simulating a loading process of CBR test, finishing an arrangement of the simulation result to obtain the relational curve of the pressure head penetration rate and the penetration force, and obtaining the penetration force corresponding to a penetration rate of 2.5 mm according to the relational curve of the penetration rate and the penetration force. According to the invention, the grading broken stone CBR value can be rapidly and accurately predicted by the method, and a change rule of grading broken stone stress-strain can be represented.

Description

A kind of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Transportation and Civil Engineering field, relate to a kind of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation method, described CBR is meant California bearing ratio.The present invention is based on PFC 2DSoftware platform can be predicted graded broken stone CBR rule quickly and accurately, shortens research cycle, reduces graded broken stone research and optimization of material cost.
Background technology
Graded broken stone belongs to typical road basement material, adopts its intensity of CBR index evaluation usually and carries out the design of material composition.The ultimate principle and the step of graded broken stone CBR shop experiment method are as follows: (1) prepares test specimen by maximum dry density and optimum moisture content; (2) the load plate with certain mass places the test specimen top and requires soaked in accordance with regulations; (3) test specimen after soaked is carried out penetration test; (4) arrangement is calculated the penetration test result and is obtained the CBR value.At present, do not see the report that graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation method is arranged.
The applicant analyzes above-mentioned graded broken stone CBR shop experiment method, have following defective: (1) has only by a large amount of CBR shop experiments of carrying out repeatedly, just might deeply disclose gather materials, rule between aggregate grading and the graded broken stone CBR, and realize the optimal design of graded broken stone material, this cause the graded broken stone material design cycle long, cost is high; (2) inner material that is difficult to measure graded broken stone under the load action is migrated and the ess-strain feature.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned prior art exists the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation method.This method can be predicted graded broken stone CBR rule quickly and accurately.
For realizing above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be achieved:
A kind of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation method is characterized in that, carries out according to following steps:
1) CONSTRUCTINT PHYSICAL MODELS
(1) simulation of CBR test specimen
1. the test of basic parameter:
Measure rubble density, determine mineral aggregate gradation and maximum dry density thereof and optimum moisture content;
2. the simulation of die trial:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generates horizontal body of wall that vertical body of wall that two leaf length are H and a leaf length be D and forms semiclosed rectangle that opening makes progress with the simulation die trial;
3. the generation of graded broken stone:
Calculate the two-dimensional map area S that i kind specification is gathered materials according to rubble density, compactness, sample dimensions, mineral aggregate gradation and maximum dry density i, see formula (1).Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " ball " generates particle in the simulation die trial, and makes it to meet the particle diameter requirement that i kind specification is gathered materials.When the total area that generates particle reaches S iThe time, stop particle and generate;
S i = 4 dh KP i ρ i ρ max - - - ( 1 )
In the formula: ρ Max: maximum dry density, g/cm 3
D: test specimen diameter, cm;
H: test specimen height, cm;
K: compactness, %;
P i: the grader retained percentage that i kind specification is gathered materials, %, i are the natural number greater than 0;
ρ i: the density that i kind specification is gathered materials, g/cm 3, i is the natural number greater than 0;
Generate each specification aggregate particle as stated above successively;
4. the generation of imitation specimen:
Utilize PFC 2DIt is the simulation pressing plate of D that built-in command " wall " generates length.Pressing plate promotes to simulate aggregate particle in the die trial straight down with speed V, till the computing step number reaches n.N calculates by formula (2).
n = L Vd t = H - h Vd t - - - ( 2 )
In the formula: n: computing step number, step;
L: simulation pressing plate displacement, cm;
V: simulation pressing plate translational speed, cm/s;
d t: time step, s/step;
H: die trial height, cm;
H: test specimen height, cm.
(2) simulation of CBR pressure head and load plate
1. the simulation of pressure head:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generates horizontal body of wall that vertical body of wall that two leaf length do not limit and a leaf length be 5cm and forms semiclosed rectangle that opening the makes progress pressure head with simulation CBR numerical experimentation;
2. the simulation of load plate:
Utilize PFC 2DIt is the load plate of the horizontal wall n-body simulation n CBR numerical experimentation of l that built-in command " wall " generates two leaf length, and l calculates by formula (3):
l = D - 5 2 - - - ( 3 )
In the formula: D: die trial internal diameter, cm.
2) structure of mechanical model
1. choosing of contact model:
Adopt Hertz model and gliding model to describe the graininess architectural feature and the nonlinear mechanics characteristic of graded broken stone.Wherein, the Hertz model is by Poisson ratio v, shear modulus G definition, and gliding model defines by coefficientoffriction;
2. the input of micro mechanics parameter:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " prop " is given the graded broken stone physical model with the micro mechanics parameter, comprises Poisson ratio v, shear modulus G, coefficientoffriction.
The micro mechanics parameter can be obtained by graded broken stone CBR laboratory test results inverse.
3) simulation of CBR test loading procedure and result's arrangement
1. the simulation of CBR test loading procedure:
The simulation pressure head is pressed in the graded broken stone imitation specimen with constant speed, write down the displacement and the contact force of simulation pressure head in going on foot when each calculates, and arrangement obtains the relation curve of pressure head penetrating power~injection amount;
2. result's arrangement:
Pairing penetrating power when reading the injection amount being 2.5mm from penetrating power~injection discharge curve calculates graded broken stone CBR value by formula (4).
CBR = p 2.5 7000 × 100 - - - ( 4 )
In the formula: p 2.5: pairing penetrating power when pressure head injection amount is 2.5mm, KPa;
The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) can predict graded broken stone CBR value quickly and accurately, and optimize graded broken stone and form;
(2) graded broken stone ess-strain feature, further investigation graded broken stone Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground and failure mechanism can omnidistancely be described;
(3) can realize the research that some are difficult to carry out owing to the restriction of factors such as funds, time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation simulation die trial;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation is gathered materials and generated;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation simulation compacting process; Be 0step from left to right successively, 10000step, 20000step, 30000step.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation simulation pressure head and simulation load plate;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation loading procedure;
Fig. 6 is the penetrating power~injection discharge curve (A grating) of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation;
Fig. 7 is the penetrating power~injection discharge curve (B grating) of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation;
Fig. 8 is the penetrating power~injection discharge curve (C grating) of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation;
Fig. 9 is the penetrating power~injection discharge curve (D grating) of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation;
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment
According to technical scheme of the present invention, present embodiment provides a kind of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation method, is example with lake, safe and comfortable sea limestone gravel, and the rubble density measurement the results are shown in Table 1, and the micro mechanics parameter sees Table 2.
Table 1 rubble density
Aggregate size (mm) 19~31.5 9.5~19 4.75~9.5 ≤4.75
Apparent density (g/cm 3) 2.712 2.709 2.692 2.681
Table 2 micro mechanics parameter
Poisson ratio Modulus of shearing (GPa) Friction factor
0.25 8.0 0.35
Table 3 mineral aggregate gradation
Figure BDA0000054328220000051
Be that example illustrates that the implementation step of graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation method is with grating A in the table 3 down:
1) CONSTRUCTINT PHYSICAL MODELS
(1) simulation of CBR test specimen
1. the simulation of die trial:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generates horizontal body of wall that vertical body of wall that two leaf length are 15cm and a leaf length be 15.2cm and forms semiclosed rectangle that opening makes progress with the simulation die trial, sees Fig. 1;
2. the generation of graded broken stone:
Prepare Φ 15.2cm * h12cm test specimen by 98% compactness, then the graded broken stone generative process of gathering materials is as follows:
Calculate the two-dimensional map area that 19~31.5mm gathers materials:
Figure BDA0000054328220000052
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " ball " generates the particle of diameter between 19~31.5mm constantly, when its total area reaches 324.3cm 2The time, stop particle and generate; Calculate the two-dimensional map area that 9.5~19mm gathers materials: Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " ball " generates the particle of diameter between 9.5~19mm constantly, when its total area reaches 108.2m 2The time, stop particle and generate; Calculate the two-dimensional map area that 4.75~9.5mm gathers materials:
Figure BDA0000054328220000063
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " ball " generates the particle of diameter between 4.75~9.5mm constantly, when its total area reaches 108.9cm 2The time, stop particle and generate; Calculate the two-dimensional map area that 2.36~4.75mm gathers materials:
Figure BDA0000054328220000064
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " ball " generates the particle of diameter between 2.36~4.75mm constantly, when its total area reaches 38.6cm 2The time, stop particle and generate; Calculate the two-dimensional map area that 0.6~2.36mm gathers materials:
Figure BDA0000054328220000065
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " ball " generates the particle of diameter between 0.6~2.36mm constantly, when its total area reaches 57.9cm 2The time, stop the particle generation, thereby finish the generation of graded broken stone, see Fig. 2.
3. the generation of imitation specimen:
Determine that body of wall speed is 0.1cm/s, the step is 0.001 during calculating, and then computing step number is:
Figure BDA0000054328220000066
So utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generate a leaf length be the horizontal body of wall of 12cm with the simulation pressing plate, and make its speed promote to simulate aggregate particle in the die trial straight down with 0.1cm/s, reach till 30000 until the computing step number, see Fig. 3.
(2) simulation of CBR pressure head and load plate
1. the simulation of pressure head:
Utilize PFC 2DIt is that the horizontal body of wall of 5cm is formed semiclosed rectangle that opening the makes progress pressure head with simulation CBR numerical experimentation that built-in command " wall " generates two vertical bodies of wall and a leaf length, sees Fig. 4.
2. the simulation of load plate:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generates the load plate of two horizontal bodies of wall with simulation CBR numerical experimentation, sees Fig. 4.Body of wall length is:
Figure BDA0000054328220000071
2) structure of mechanical model
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " prop " is given the graded broken stone physical model with micro mechanics parameter in the table 2, generates mechanical model.
3) simulation of CBR test loading procedure and result's arrangement
1. the simulation of CBR test loading procedure:
Speed with 1mm/min promotes to simulate the pressure head (see figure 5) straight down, and writes down displacement and the contact force that goes on foot interior simulation pressure head when each calculates;
2. result's arrangement:
Draw the relation curve (see figure 6) of pressure head penetrating power~injection amount, and pairing penetrating power when therefrom obtaining the injection amount and being 2.5mm, can calculate the graded broken stone CBR value of grating A: CBR = p 2.5 7000 × 100 = 45000 7000 × 100 = 643 % .
According to above-mentioned steps, can obtain the graded broken stone CBR analog result of grating B, grating C and grating D in the table 3 successively, see Fig. 7~Fig. 9 and table 4.
Table 4 numerical simulation result and measured result contrast
Figure BDA0000054328220000073
As seen from Table 4, the graded broken stone CBR measured result of different gradation and the relative error of analog result all are lower than 7%, and average relative error only is 4.49%; In addition, the numerical simulation process time spent deficiency of one group of grating is 5 minutes.Proof the present invention can predict graded broken stone CBR rule quickly and accurately.

Claims (1)

1. a graded broken stone CBR numerical experimentation method is characterized in that, carries out according to following steps:
1) CONSTRUCTINT PHYSICAL MODELS
(1) simulation of CBR test specimen
1. the test of basic parameter:
Measure rubble density, determine mineral aggregate gradation and maximum dry density thereof and optimum moisture content;
2. the simulation of die trial:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generates two leaf length HA vertical body of wall and a leaf length be DHorizontal body of wall form semiclosed rectangle that opening makes progress with the simulation die trial;
3. the generation of graded broken stone:
Calculate according to rubble density, compactness, sample dimensions, mineral aggregate gradation and maximum dry density by formula (1) iPlant the two-dimensional map area that specification is gathered materials S i
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " ball " generates particle in simulation in the die trial, and makes it to meet the iPlant the particle diameter requirement that specification is gathered materials, when the total area that generates particle reaches S i The time, stop particle and generate;
Figure 334133DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1)
In the formula: ρ Max : maximum dry density, g/cm 3
d: test specimen diameter, cm;
h: test specimen height, cm;
K: compactness, %;
P i : the iPlant the grader retained percentage that specification is gathered materials, % , iFor greater than 0 natural number;
ρ i : the iPlant the density that specification is gathered materials, g/cm 3, iFor greater than 0 natural number;
Generate each specification aggregate particle as stated above successively;
4. the generation of imitation specimen:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generates length DThe simulation pressing plate, pressing plate is with speed VPromote the aggregate particle in the simulation die trial straight down, reach until the computing step number nTill;
nPressing following formula (2) calculates:
Figure 251274DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2)
In the formula: n: computing step number, step;
L: simulation pressing plate displacement, cm;
V: simulation pressing plate translational speed (cm/s);
d t : time step, s/step;
H: die trial height, cm;
h: test specimen height, cm;
(2) simulation of CBR pressure head and load plate
1. the simulation of pressure head:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generates horizontal body of wall that vertical body of wall that two leaf length do not limit and a leaf length be 5cm and forms semiclosed rectangle that opening the makes progress pressure head with simulation CBR numerical experimentation;
2. the simulation of load plate:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " wall " generates two leaf length lThe load plate of horizontal wall n-body simulation n CBR numerical experimentation;
lPressing following formula (3) calculates:
Figure 31011DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(3)
In the formula: D: die trial internal diameter, cm;
2) structure of mechanical model
1. choosing of contact model:
Adopt Hertz model and gliding model to describe the graininess architectural feature and the nonlinear mechanics characteristic of graded broken stone;
Wherein, the Hertz model passes through Poisson ratio ν, modulus of shearing GDefinition, gliding model passes through friction factor μDefinition;
2. the input of micro mechanics parameter:
Utilize PFC 2DBuilt-in command " prop " is given the graded broken stone physical model with the micro mechanics parameter, comprises Poisson ratio ν, modulus of shearing G, friction factor μ
The micro mechanics parameter is obtained by graded broken stone CBR laboratory test results inverse;
3) simulation of CBR test loading procedure and result's arrangement
1. the simulation of CBR test loading procedure:
The simulation pressure head is pressed in the graded broken stone imitation specimen with constant speed, write down the displacement and the contact force of simulation pressure head in going on foot when each calculates, and arrangement obtains the relation curve of pressure head penetrating power ~ injection amount;
2. result's arrangement:
Pairing penetrating power when reading the injection amount being 2.5mm from penetrating power ~ injection discharge curve, calculate graded broken stone CBR value by formula (4):
Figure 363903DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(4)
In the formula: p 2.5: pairing penetrating power when pressure head injection amount is 2.5mm, KPa.
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CN103130433A (en) * 2013-02-28 2013-06-05 浙江理工大学 Highland road gradation crushed gravel material design method
CN103163033A (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-06-19 东南大学 Numerical value measuring method for resilience modulus of graded broken stones
CN103323322A (en) * 2013-05-20 2013-09-25 东南大学 Graded gravel California bearing ratio value determination method
CN104193259A (en) * 2014-08-14 2014-12-10 东南大学 Preparation method of cement graded broken stones for high-speed rail roadbeds
CN105910929A (en) * 2016-04-08 2016-08-31 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 Method for testing long-term road application characteristics of soft rock filling material
CN103914592B (en) * 2014-03-19 2016-10-26 东南大学 A kind of analog detection method of mixed coarse aggregate degree of compaction
CN107391803A (en) * 2017-06-26 2017-11-24 长安大学 A kind of CBR Numerical Experimental Methods of soil-stone embankment soil
CN108195695A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-06-22 长安大学 The linear approximation experimental rig and evaluation method of graded broken stone plastically deformed performance
CN108204930A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-06-26 长安大学 The second approximation evaluation experimental device and method of a kind of graded broken stone deformation performance
CN108256248A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-07-06 长沙理工大学 Based on method for testing grading broken stone CBR numerical value under three-dimensional state
CN108564239A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-09-21 长安大学 Graded broken stone plastically deformed performance evaluation model and method based on PDI indexs
CN109520829A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-26 长安大学 A kind of soil-stone material of maximum particle diameter greater than 40mm is carried than determining method
CN114232401A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-03-25 山东高速股份有限公司 Road subgrade reconstruction and extension method based on DCP

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CN103163033A (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-06-19 东南大学 Numerical value measuring method for resilience modulus of graded broken stones
CN103323322A (en) * 2013-05-20 2013-09-25 东南大学 Graded gravel California bearing ratio value determination method
CN103914592B (en) * 2014-03-19 2016-10-26 东南大学 A kind of analog detection method of mixed coarse aggregate degree of compaction
CN104193259A (en) * 2014-08-14 2014-12-10 东南大学 Preparation method of cement graded broken stones for high-speed rail roadbeds
CN104193259B (en) * 2014-08-14 2015-11-18 东南大学 A kind of preparation method about high ferro roadbed cement stabilized graded macabam
CN105910929A (en) * 2016-04-08 2016-08-31 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 Method for testing long-term road application characteristics of soft rock filling material
CN107391803A (en) * 2017-06-26 2017-11-24 长安大学 A kind of CBR Numerical Experimental Methods of soil-stone embankment soil
CN108195695A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-06-22 长安大学 The linear approximation experimental rig and evaluation method of graded broken stone plastically deformed performance
CN108204930A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-06-26 长安大学 The second approximation evaluation experimental device and method of a kind of graded broken stone deformation performance
CN108564239A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-09-21 长安大学 Graded broken stone plastically deformed performance evaluation model and method based on PDI indexs
CN108195695B (en) * 2018-01-04 2020-07-28 长安大学 Linear approximate test device and evaluation method for plastic deformation performance of graded broken stone
CN108564239B (en) * 2018-01-04 2021-10-01 长安大学 Method for evaluating plastic deformation performance of graded crushed stone based on PDI index
CN108256248A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-07-06 长沙理工大学 Based on method for testing grading broken stone CBR numerical value under three-dimensional state
CN108256248B (en) * 2018-01-26 2021-05-14 长沙理工大学 Three-dimensional state-based lower-level gravel distribution CBR numerical test method
CN109520829A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-26 长安大学 A kind of soil-stone material of maximum particle diameter greater than 40mm is carried than determining method
CN109520829B (en) * 2018-10-22 2021-04-09 长安大学 Method for determining bearing ratio of soil-rock mixture with maximum particle size larger than 40mm
CN114232401A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-03-25 山东高速股份有限公司 Road subgrade reconstruction and extension method based on DCP

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Granted publication date: 20121010