CN1656209A - 胶体阴离子硅溶胶作为澄清剂的用途 - Google Patents
胶体阴离子硅溶胶作为澄清剂的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
- C12H1/02—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/04—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/0408—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of inorganic added material
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有pH值为1～5.5、颗粒直径为4～150nm和表面积为20～700m2/g的胶体阴离子硅溶胶用于澄清和稳定液体食品的用途。
Description
本发明涉及具有酸性pH值的胶体阴离子硅溶胶用于澄清和稳定液体食品的用途。
液体食品例如果汁、啤酒和葡萄酒在其生产过程中通常是以浑浊的形式产生。浑浊由通过过滤未除去的植物组分组成，由该植物获得食品，或者如在啤酒的情况下，浑浊由酵母组成。
消费者仅在特殊的情况下才会认为这种浑浊有价值。通常消费者需要澄清的产品。生产澄清的啤酒是特别有困难的。即使当啤酒以澄清的形式生产出来，在储存的过程中它也会变得浑浊。
DE-A-1642769公开了在啤酒中细分的沉淀硅溶胶具有稳定作用，这可以基本上由选择性吸收高分子量的蛋白质得到解释，所述的蛋白质是引起浑浊的形成的原因。进一步已知，使用聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮以将啤酒稳定化，在这种情况下稳定作用是通过多酚组分(单宁和花色苷)的吸收而完成。DE-A-1642769公开了由在水溶性聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮或其衍生物或混合聚合物存在下，从有机聚合物修饰的、用酸从硅酸盐溶液中沉淀出的硅溶胶组成的啤酒澄清化试剂。合适的有机聚合物组分是除了上述提及的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮以外，如聚乙烯基-3-甲基吡咯烷酮和相应的与乙酸乙烯酯的混合聚合物。
US-3617301公开了一种澄清啤酒的方法，其包括加入具有至少为700m2/g的表面积和平均孔径为3-12nm的水凝胶到啤酒中，并随后将其分离除去。
US-3878300公开了一种澄清啤酒的方法，其包括加入50-500ppm的硅酸水溶胶。水溶胶通过熟化和离子交换制备。
从现有技术出发，本发明的目的是改进用于澄清和稳定液体食品的已知方法。另外，用于澄清的产品应当容易处理。
现已惊奇地发现，具有酸性pH值的胶体阴离子硅溶胶是一种极好的用于澄清和稳定液体食品的试剂。
本发明由此提供具有pH值为1～5.5、颗粒直径为4～150nm和表面积为20～700m2/g的胶体阴离子硅溶胶用于澄清和稳定液体食品的用途。
本发明进一步提供一种澄清和稳定液体食品的方法，其通过将用于澄清的足够量的上述定义的硅溶胶加入到浑浊的液体食品，或者有浑浊倾向的液体食品中，并在澄清后将其再次分离除去。
在本发明的方法中，优选使用硅溶胶含量多于5重量％，特别是10％的胶体阴离子硅溶胶的水悬浮液。
优选的硅溶胶颗粒直径为6～50nm，特别是8～35nm。
胶体阴离子硅溶胶的pH值优选为2～5，特别是2～4。
具有酸性pH值的胶体阴离子硅溶胶悬浮液的颗粒优选是不会通过硅氧烷键彼此键合的胶体硅溶胶的单独的颗粒。所谓的硅氧烷键在此是指Si-O-Si键。
胶体阴离子硅溶胶的表面积优选60～500m2/g。
具有酸性pH的胶体阴离子硅溶胶可以例如通过如下方式制备：经过阳离子交换树脂将相应的具有碱性pH值的硅溶胶脱除阳离子。随后立即得到胶体阴离子酸性硅溶胶。
根据本发明能够被澄清和稳定的液体食品是例如水果汁、啤酒或葡萄酒。
本发明非常特别优选地涉及一种澄清和稳定经发酵的且未过滤的啤酒的方法，其中向经发酵的且未过滤的啤酒中加入如上所定义的具有酸性pH值的胶体硅溶胶的水悬浮液中，在此可使得发生絮凝，并随后分离除去形成的沉淀物，以至获得钠含量与未澄清的啤酒相等的具有良好稳定性的澄清啤酒。
在另一个优选实施方案中，液体食品的澄清和稳定在本发明方法中这样实施：除了硅溶胶以外，还加入聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮，优选以粉末的形式加入。聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮特别好地适合于分离除去多酚。
为了澄清和稳定液体食品，将优选5～500克/百升，特别是20～100克/百升，更特别是25～100克/百升的硅溶胶加入到未澄清的食品中。
实施例
在实施例中，使用一种胶体阴离子酸性硅溶胶，其可以商品名为Klebosol(Clariant France)获得。其具有如下特性：
SiO2含量：10重量％
Na2O含量：0.02重量％
比表面积：280m2/g
平均颗粒直径：9nm
pH(20℃)：3
密度(20℃)：1.058g/cm3
将50g/hl酸性Klebosol在用软管输送至储存罐中时计量加入到啤酒中。在储存6周后，通过联合层过滤器过滤啤酒。与本发明实施例平行地，作为比较实施例，研究根据同样的生产参数和从同样的麦芽批料生产的另一种啤酒。将60g/hl的干凝胶在过滤过程中加入到啤酒中。另外，两种啤酒都用20g/hl的PVPP稳定化。
在过滤过程中，不能看出压力升高或浑浊方面的差别。经过滤和未经过滤的啤酒的分析数据列于表1中。
根据Ross & Clark测定泡沫持久性：
通过导入CO2产生一定的泡沫体积。用作为泡沫持久性的量度的是泡沫气泡的平均寿命，其由泡沫分解时间与分解的泡沫的体积和仍然存在的泡沫的体积之间比例的对数之间的比例算出。
表1：实验过滤的分析数据
| 分析 | 比较实施例 | 本发明实施例 | ||
| 未滤液 | 滤液 | 未滤液+Klebosol | 滤液+Klebosol | |
| 原麦芽汁，重量％ | 11.95 | 12.0 | 11.95 | 11.82 |
| 醇，体积％ | 5.35 | 5.40 | 5.40 | 5.35 |
| 产量-表观发酵度，％ | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 |
| pH值 | 4.35 | 4.42 | 4.35 | 4.36 |
| Ross & Clark泡沫持久性 | 111 | 107 | 116 | 110 |
| 钠，mg/l | 11.8 | 12.5 | 14.5 | 14.2 |
| 类单宁(tannoid)，mg/l | 43 | 19 | 50 | 16 |
| 总多酚量，mg/l | 186 | 165 | 198 | 165 |
| 可用MgSO4沉淀的氮，mg/100ml | 16.8 | 16.1 | 17.3 | 16.5 |
| 总氧量，mg/l | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
这里的未滤液指过滤前的啤酒。
可以看出在泡沫、钠含量、类单宁、总多酚量、可用MgSO4沉淀的氮和暖天方面的差异，而其它的值几乎相等。
按本发明处理的啤酒的泡沫点与比较实施例相比，不仅在未滤液而且在滤液方面都得到了改进。可用MgSO4沉淀的氮量稍微高于比较实施例。按本发明处理的啤酒的钠含量增加约2mg/l。按本发明获得的未滤液中的类单宁含量稍微高于比较实施例中的未滤液。而在滤液方面，没有观察到不同。总多酚量相近。
在另一个实验中，暖天数在加压测试中测定。其是指浑浊强度作为时间函数的测量。首先，在室温下测定浑浊度。然后样品在40℃下储存24小时，然后在0℃下储存24小时。然后再次测定浑浊度。在40℃下储存和在0℃下储存的一个周期被称为一个暖天。周期重复直至浑浊度超过2.5个按欧洲酿酒厂协会(EBC)的单位。
这里，研究了3种啤酒。除了上述已提及的已经一次用干凝胶处理过和一次用Klebosol处理过的啤酒以外，作为比较的目的，研究一种用中性Klebosol(pH≈7)处理的啤酒。结果在表2中给出。
表2：作为在40℃下的储存时间的函数的浑浊度
| 储存时间/暖天 | 浑浊度/欧洲酿酒厂协会 | ||
| 用酸性Klebosol处理的啤酒(本发明) | 用干凝胶处理的啤酒(比较实施例) | 用中性Klebosol处理的啤酒(比较实施例) | |
| 0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| 2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| 5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
| 7 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.8 |
| 10 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 2.6 |
| 12 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 未测定 |
| 15 | 2.0 | 未测定 | 未测定 |
在用酸性Klebosol处理的啤酒在15天后仍然具有可接受的浑浊度的同时，用干凝胶处理的啤酒在15天后，和用中性Klebosol处理的啤酒在12天后，浑浊变得如此强烈以至已超过了测量极限。
Claims (8)
1、具有pH值为1～5.5、颗粒直径为4～150nm和表面积为20～700m2/g的胶体阴离子硅溶胶用于澄清和稳定液体食品的用途。
2、根据权利要求1的用途，其中使用硅溶胶含量多于5重量％的胶体阴离子硅溶胶的水悬浮液。
3、根据权利要求1和/或2的用途，其中使用的硅溶胶的颗粒直径为6～50nm。
4、根据权利要求1-3中一项或多项的用途，其中使用的硅溶胶的pH值为2～5。
5、根据权利要求1-4中一项或多项的用途，其中使用的硅溶胶的表面积为60～500m2/g。
6、根据权利要求1-5中一项或多项的用途，其中液体食品是水果汁、啤酒或葡萄酒。
7、根据权利要求1-6中一项或多项的用途，其中将聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮加入到硅溶胶中。
8、根据权利要求1-7中一项或多项的用途，其中加入的硅溶胶的量是5～500克/百升。
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|---|---|---|---|
| DE10229047A DE10229047A1 (de) | 2002-06-28 | 2002-06-28 | Verwendung kolloidaler anionischer Kieselsole als Klärungsmittel |
| DE10229047.4 | 2002-06-28 |
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| EP (1) | EP1520007B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2005538705A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN100350035C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE321839T1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR0312238B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2491061A1 (zh) |
| DE (2) | DE10229047A1 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK1520007T3 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04012705A (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2330879C2 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2578670B1 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2019-09-25 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Cashew nut shell oil having improved stability |
| DE102013018977B4 (de) | 2013-11-14 | 2017-04-27 | Ulrich Loser | Verwendung eines Mittels zur Abtrennung von Blaualgen |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2680721A (en) * | 1952-03-20 | 1954-06-08 | Du Pont | Process of increasing the size of unaggregated silica particles in an aqueous silicasuspension |
| US3252917A (en) * | 1962-08-27 | 1966-05-24 | Nalco Chemical Co | Method of producing alumina-coated silica in sol form |
| US3440174A (en) * | 1965-04-26 | 1969-04-22 | Nalco Chemical Co | Method of making silica sols containing large particle size silica |
| DE1642769C3 (de) * | 1967-04-04 | 1980-07-03 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt | Mittel zur Klärung und Erhöhung der Stabilität von Bier |
| GB1215928A (en) * | 1967-04-28 | 1970-12-16 | Unilever Ltd | A process for reducing haze in beer |
| GB1306446A (en) * | 1970-07-09 | 1973-02-14 | Monsanto Chemicals | Stabilisation of beer |
| US3878300A (en) * | 1972-11-30 | 1975-04-15 | Nl Industries Inc | Treatment of fermented beverages to increase chill haze stability |
| DE2408896C3 (de) * | 1974-02-23 | 1986-05-07 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Getränken |
| DE3015439C2 (de) * | 1980-04-22 | 1986-04-10 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verwendung von im wäßrigen System zerfallenden Aktivkohlegranulaten |
| DE3231240A1 (de) * | 1982-08-23 | 1984-02-23 | Karl Dr. 8000 München Raible | Verfahren zur behandlung von bier |
| US4435247A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1984-03-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for polishing titanium carbide |
| US5242694A (en) * | 1992-02-18 | 1993-09-07 | G. Heileman Brewing Company, Inc. | Process for brewing low carbohydrate near beer |
| US5582818A (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1996-12-10 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Ultraviolet screening powder and cosmetics |
| AU690657B2 (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1998-04-30 | Mizusawa Industrial Chemicals, Ltd. | Stabilizing agent for beer |
| DE19707332C1 (de) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-01-29 | Bad Koestritz Chemiewerk Gmbh | Universell einsetzbares Mittel zur Klärung von Bier und Verfahren dazu |
| US6277476B1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2001-08-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Matched ink/receiver set containing colloidal inorganic particles |
| US6358495B1 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2002-03-19 | Shiseido Co., Ltd. | Titanium-silica complex and cosmetic preparation compounding the same |
-
2002
- 2002-06-28 DE DE10229047A patent/DE10229047A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-06-13 BR BRPI0312238-7A patent/BR0312238B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-13 CN CNB038120933A patent/CN100350035C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-13 AT AT03732571T patent/ATE321839T1/de active
- 2003-06-13 CA CA002491061A patent/CA2491061A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-13 US US10/518,315 patent/US20050276891A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-13 RU RU2005102089/13A patent/RU2330879C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-13 EP EP03732571A patent/EP1520007B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-13 WO PCT/EP2003/006264 patent/WO2004003128A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2003-06-13 MX MXPA04012705A patent/MXPA04012705A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-06-13 DE DE50302823T patent/DE50302823D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-13 JP JP2004516595A patent/JP2005538705A/ja active Pending
- 2003-06-13 DK DK03732571T patent/DK1520007T3/da active
-
2004
- 2004-01-06 ZA ZA200408053A patent/ZA200408053B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR0312238A (pt) | 2005-04-12 |
| EP1520007B1 (de) | 2006-03-29 |
| CA2491061A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
| DK1520007T3 (da) | 2006-06-26 |
| DE10229047A1 (de) | 2004-01-29 |
| ZA200408053B (en) | 2006-08-30 |
| ATE321839T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
| MXPA04012705A (es) | 2005-08-16 |
| WO2004003128A1 (de) | 2004-01-08 |
| RU2330879C2 (ru) | 2008-08-10 |
| JP2005538705A (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
| US20050276891A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
| DE50302823D1 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
| BR0312238B1 (pt) | 2014-09-23 |
| RU2005102089A (ru) | 2005-08-20 |
| CN100350035C (zh) | 2007-11-21 |
| EP1520007A1 (de) | 2005-04-06 |
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