CN1653846B - 用于使用自组织网络的无线远程遥测的方法和装置 - Google Patents
用于使用自组织网络的无线远程遥测的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种无线远程遥测系统使用低成本、低功率的自组织网络来提供远程设备的灵活读取和控制。在可用于公用事业的实施例中,在众多消费者中间电力的消耗由具有自组织网络通信能力的公用事业计量系统进行测量。远程计量单元通过自组织网络将信息发送到一个或多个中间通信单元或中继段。中间通信单元或中继段包括移动单元、移动基单元、用户家用电脑以及家用基单元。这些中继段的每一个都能在同一大规模系统内共存。根据无线基础设施或中央单元的智能计划,中间通信单元通过多中继段的自组织网络或蜂窝网络将接收到的信息传送到中央控制器。
Description
发明背景
I.发明领域
本发明一般涉及无线通信,尤其涉及使用自组织(ad-hoc)网络进行远程测量设备的无线计量的新颖且改进了的方法和装置。
II.相关技术描述
许多行业利用远程计量设备来监视、测量或记录关键的数据。例如,公用事业公司使用位于客户站点的公用事业仪表来测量公用事业消耗。诸如电力、水和天然气公司等公用事业公司的反常促使这些公用事业公司寻求设备和服务的技术革新,通过降低成本以便与其它可能的公用事业服务提供商竞争。
在常规的公用事业计量系统中,每个公用事业用户都按照一段预定时间的公用事业使用来付账单,比如一个月或两个月。具有视觉显示器的电机仪表用于测量公用事业使用情况,所述视觉显示器诸如一组刻度盘、或者“里程表”型的显示器。个人,一般是公用事业公司的雇员,周期性地访问服务区域中的每个公用事业仪表,用眼睛读取仪表所显示的公用事业消耗情况。
常规的公用事业计量系统中存在几个低效情况。例如,公用事业公司必须为了访问每个仪表并读取该仪表的人付工资。这可能要求将仪表读取人去一个危险的区域。另外若要实际地访问每个仪表也需要化很长一段时间。此外,大多数电机仪表能够被希望减少其公用事业费账单的人打开和篡改。由于仪表仅仅是约一个月读取一次,因此篡改对于公用事业公司并不明显。常规公用事业计量系统的另一缺陷在于:由于远程设备并不是按常规被测量或报告,因此局部故障检测不可行,比如局部断电或灯火管制的情况。
该领域内公用事业公司所面临的问题与其它行业的公司所面临的问题类似,在于它们需要远程地监视、测量或控制计量设备或销售点。例如,邮递公司,比如美国邮政服务等,一般维持大量的邮件投递点。每天,必须检查这些投递点以便看是否堆放了要递送的邮件。很多时候,尤其在郊区,在邮递员到达并检验远程邮件箱时并没有邮件。结果是资源的低效利用。同样,自动贩卖机服务提供商根据预定的日程表将雇员派往远程自动贩卖机,在雇员到达以前并不知道该机器的实际需求。显然,有许多行业面临着由于对远程站进行安排好的服务而不是对这些远程站进行事件驱动的需求端管理所产生的类似低效率问题。
1998年5月5日公布的美国专利号5,748,104,题为“Wireless RemoteTelemetry System”,公布了一种远程遥测方法和系统,该专利被转让给本发明的受让人并且通过引用被结合于此。然而,基础设施的无线部分需要高功率的远程单元和精细的网络计划。
因此,需要一种远程遥测系统,该系统通过以低成本和高效的方式提供无线远程遥测数据信息,从而避免现有技术远程遥测系统的缺点。还需要一种用于在远程位置提供高级用户服务的“网关”。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种新颖且改进的无线和远程遥测系统,其使用自组织网络对远程遥测设备提供频繁的读取和控制。例如,在可用于公用事业服务的实施例中,在众多消费者中间电力的消耗由具有自组织网络通信能力的公用事业计量系统进行测量,所述消费者诸如住宅和商业建筑物。公用事业计量系统通过自组织网络与移动单元进行通信。然后,移动单元通过自组织网络和/或无线通信系统与中央控制器通信。
当移动单元来到远程计量单元的附近时,移动单元通过自组织网络从公用事业计量系统接收信息。移动单元可以根据需要、以低话务时间周期或按照预定的日程表将接收到的信息周期性地发送到中央控制器,所述预定日程表可以远程地设定并且由无线基础设施或中央控制器来调节。远程计量单元向中央控制器发送的消息包括公用事业消耗读数和故障状态指示。
系统可以向远程计量单元提供诸如递送速率信息这样的各种高级服务,以便改变高峰时段的需求,在公用事业服务或计量系统内的故障情况后对建筑物所有者的远程通知、以及诸如负载平衡这样的实时控制功能,以便使高峰使用率最小。系统还提供了各种技术在高峰报告时刻管理系统上的报告负载,比如在大范围的断电期间。而且,远程计量单元可以为远程位置处的高级消费者服务提供一网关。通过提供无线和自动的计量服务,公用事业公司能通过避免仪表的人力密集的视觉读取而降低成本。
公用事业公司可以使用接收到的数据,响应于电涌和电力下降来监视和调节负载。如果在早期检测到这些变化,通过提高高峰使用率时的费用或者指导远程设备的直接控制,可以调节供给或改变需求,从而降低了峰均比。为个别消费者采集的信息可以实时地被处理以便生成短期和长期的使用率预报。遍布在分布系统中的多个远程计量单元的同时读取提供了服务损失、盗窃、泄漏以及故障或错误测量仪表的位置。使用行为的准确反馈可以在账单中被提供给消费者,以便更准确地定标和控制浪费的习惯并且满足节约目标。
附图简述
通过下面提出的结合附图的详细描述,本发明的特征、性质和优点将变得更加明显,附图中相同的元件具有相同的标识,其中:
图1是以框图形式说明的本发明的远程遥测系统的纵览;
图2是按照一实施例的远程计量单元的框图;以及
图3是按照一实施例的远程单元的框图。
优选实施例的详细描述
图1以框图形式说明了按照一个实施例、远程遥测系统100的纵览图。应该注意到,尽管将参照电力服务来描述本发明,然而本发明的原理可等价地应用于其它公用事业公司,比如水和天然气服务提供商、以及前面讨论的需要远程地监视、控制和/或服务远程站的其它行业。
多个远程计量单元102a-102n分别位于遍布于公用事业网络中的基本点。例如,远程计量单元102a-102n可以位于住宅和商用建筑物,其中出现公用事业服务的终端使用。移动单元还可位于期望较大规模监视的诸如子站等关键分布点。远程计量单元102a-102n可由例如基收发机组成,所述基收发机通过适用于计量类型(即刻度盘或里程表型)的接口设备与现有的常规电机公用事业仪表耦合。这种构造的优点在于,小的、低成本的和容易制造的设备能容易地适合被安装在现有的仪表上,而无须昂贵的系统升级。下面参照图2描述这一远程计量单元。
在一实施例中,远程计量单元102a-102n各自执行基本测量功能,包括报告公用事业服务消耗、仪表篡改检测和报告,使用中断报告,以及服务级的“电涌”和“电力不足”的检测和报告。远程计量单元102a-102n可以通过至少一个基站108和移动电话交换局(MTSO)110把它们报告的消息发送到中央控制器116,所述MTSO 110与公共交换电话网(PSTN)112相接。中央控制器116可以包括例如计算机系统以及相关的存储数据库和接口电路,其允许用于执行这里所述的控制功能的应用专用软件。在下面要描述的各个实施例中,可以在远程计量单元102a-102n和中央控制器116之间以“网孔网络”的型式内插各个中间通信单元或“中继段”。中间通信单元包括用户移动单元140、移动基单元130、用户家用电脑132以及家用基单元122。这些各种实施例的每一个都可以在同一大规模系统中共存。
在一实施例中,基站108和MTSO 110属于一码分多址(CDMA)扩频通信系统。这一系统的例子在美国专利号4,901,307中描述,它于1990年2月13日公布,题为“SPREAD SPECTRUM MULTIPLE ACCESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USING SATELLITEOR TERRESTRIAL REPEATERS”,它被转让给本发明的受让人,并且通过引用被结合于此。此外,无线通信系统可以按照电信工业联盟(TIA)/电子工业联盟(EIA)临时标准95或者cdma2000标准来设计,前一标准题为“Mobile Station-Base StationCompatibility Standard for Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum CellularSystem”,后一标准题为“TIA/EIA/IS-2000 Standard for cdma2000 SpreadSpectrum Systems”。或者,无线通信系统可以按照ANSI J-STD-008来设计,该标准题为“Personal Station-Base Station Compatibility Requirements for 1.8to 2.0 GHz Code Division Multiple Access(CDMA)Personal CommunicationsSystems”。然而,应该注意到,本发明的原理可应用于其它无论是蜂窝还是非蜂窝的无线通信系统,并且不管所采用的调制方案。例如,本发明可等价地应用于基于时分多址(TDMA)的系统,比如美国TDMA标准IS-54,或者全欧洲的全球数字移动电话系统(GSM)。此外,本发明的原理可应用于模拟频率的调制通信系统,比如高级移动电话系统(AMPS)。
在一实施例中,远程计量单元102a-102n通过自组织网络将它们相应的报告消息发送到中间通信单元。使用自组织网络的优点包括基础设施结构的灵活性、没有有线连接、以及灵活的网络拓扑。自组织网络使中间通信单元能成为移动和低功率的,该单元能被人携带或安装在汽车内。中间通信单元会为了任何数据传输而中断计量单元102a-102n,而无须网络计划。自组织网络可,例如,基于蓝牙、IEEE802.11或者超宽频带通信协议。
蓝牙通信协议为稳健的数据和语音传输提供了简单和短范围的(例如10米到100米)、基于无线的解决方案,而无须电缆或者在视线内。它提供了许多优点,比如低复杂度、低功耗、低成本、频率跳跃以及时分双工的实现。进入彼此范围内的蓝牙设备会动态地设立自组织的点对点和/或点对多点的无线连接。该标准适用于电池供电的设备。蓝牙通信协议是本领域公知的。
IEEE 802.11通信协议在无线局域网(WLAN)环境中以自组织的基础提供了设备间的连接。这个无线通信标准具有较高的数据速率、较长的范围,例如高达90,而功率要求也较高。该标准适用于非电池供电的设备。IEEE 802.11通信协议是本领域公知的。
超宽频带通信协议也以自组织的基础提供了设备间的连接。它为短距的直接通信提供灵活的、低成本的实现方式,不要求任何基站。这个自组织的通信协议也是本领域公知的。
在一实施例中,移动单元140可以从计量单元102n接收信息,并且按照计划好的数据传送方案将接收到的信息传输到基站108。当移动单元进入计量单元102n的范围内时,移动单元可以通过自组织网络从计量单元102n接收信息。个人或车辆也能携带该移动单元。携带该移动单元的个人可以是在走路、慢跑、骑自行车、或者在计量单元102n的附近运送一个物体。携带移动单元的车辆可以包括送货车、旅客列车、公共汽车和/或出租车。当能由自组织网络启用的这样一个移动单元进入自组织网络启用的计量设备的范围时,移动单元可以读取和保存来自计量设备的信息。然而,移动单元自动地或者按照计划好的数据传送方案将该信息传输到另一无线设备或中央控制器,所述数据传送方案由无线基础设施或通用控制器所管理。
在一实施例中,移动单元140可以通过蜂窝通信网络,例如CDMA蜂窝网络,将接收到的信息直接传输到基站108。移动单元可以以低话务的时间周期、周期性地、或者根据移动站108或中央控制器116的请求,来传输该信息。
在另一实施例中,当移动单元接近中央单元时,移动单元140可以通过自组织网络、或通过多中继段的自组织网络将接收到的信息传输到中央控制器116。与单个自组织网络相比,使用多中继段自组织网络将信息从移动单元140传输到中央控制器116降低了传输能量。
在另一实施例中,移动单元140可以通过无线二进制运行时间环境(BREW)协议将接收到的信息传输到中央控制器116。BREW是可以加载于移动单元140和中央控制器116之上的应用平台,用于通过互联网传输信息。BREW协议是本领域公知的。
在另一实施例中,移动单元140通过中间中继段,比如HBU 122,将接收到的信息传输到基站108。从移动单元140到HBU 122的传输可以在低功率的蜂窝或自组织网络上进行。有利的是,移动单元140无须消耗高传输功率来与HBU 122通信。
在另一实施例中,移动单元140可以通过用户终端132将接收到的信息传输到中央控制器116。当移动单元进入家用电脑132的范围时,如上所述从移动单元140到用户终端132的传输也可以在自组织网络上进行。如上所述,用户终端132可以通过例如互联网将接收到的信息传输到中央控制器。最好的是,移动单元140无须消耗高传输功率来与用户终端132通信。
在一实施例中,计量单元102n处可用的信息可以通过多个移动单元中继到基站108或中央控制器116。如果一个移动单元由于其移动性而不能接收计量单元102n处可用的全部信息,进入计量单元102n的范围内的其它移动单元能从计量单元102n提取其余的信息,例如数据分组。在该实施例中,根据某一组标识,例如分组ID,将基站108或中央控制器116处接收到的数据分组组成在一起。
在一实施例中,移动基单元(MBU)130可位于车辆128内,并且被驶向远程计量单元102a的通信范围。该实施例是对移动单元140的替代,它可用于增加尚未安装无线通信服务的郊区的覆盖率。在该实施例中,MBU 130可以通过自组织网络从远程计量单元102a读取测量信息,这在上面参照其它实施例已作描述。MBU 130还包括一台单独的计算机(未示出),用于数据存储和后处理,而不是用于从基站108到中央控制器116的即时传输。在该实施例中,当MBU 130驶过远程计量单元102a时就对它读取。然后,MBU 130直接或者通过移动单元140、HBU 122和/或用户终端132把接收到的信息发送到基站108。
在一实施例中,HBU 122收集由远程计量单元102c产生的报告消息,并将其发送到基站108。HBU 122可以从基站108接收控制消息、命令以及对报告消息作出响应,并将它们中继到远程计量单元102c用于所需的行动。然而,应该注意到,在其它实施例中,为了与中央控制器116通信,HBU 122可以利用直接到PSTN的预先安装的陆线通信链路126。如果远程站内已经存在了预先存在的陆线通信链路126,那么这个替代实施例的优点在于通信成本降低。此外,HBU 122会有一个应用接口,该应用接口能够根据从中央控制器116发出的控制消息,远程地调度自动仪表读数、自动账单信息传输等等。
在一实施例中,HBU 122可以包括集成的RS-232串行端口、消费者电子总线(CEBus)收发机等等,使接口能通过链路134连到用户终端132。用户终端可以包括个人电脑或传真机。链路134还可以是上述的自组织连接。这样,HBU 122可充当一接口,使消费者接收并显示从中央控制器116被发送到HBU 122的信息。例如,可以在用户终端132处显示实时的账单信息、账户状态查询以及各种其它增值的服务,比如广告服务。在高峰公用事业使用时段,实时价格信息会从中央控制器116被传送到用户终端122处的消费者处,提示该消费者通过关闭非关键的电子设备来节约功耗。
HBU 122还为了与家用集成的和公用事业负载管理有关的其它服务充当“网关”。例如,考虑通过自组织网络连接或电源线载体(PLC)接口138连到HBU 122的符合CEBus的设备136。设备136可以是照明设备、供暖/空调装置、安全系统或者家庭娱乐系统。在高峰时段,中央控制器116可以向公共总线上的设备136或一组设备发送控制消息,以便关闭、从而减少实时的功率负载。同样,通过经由基站108和HBU 122、或者经由自组织网络链路142把控制消息从移动单元140发送到设备136,消费者能远程地激活和停用设备136。
在一实施例中,远程计量单元102b与用户终端132间会有一个自组织网络接口。在该实施例中,在计量设备102b处测得的信息可以被传输到用户终端132,该传输是有规律的、根据需要、按计划的、或者在便携式用户终端132进入计量单元102b的范围内时进行。用户终端可以处理、保存接收到的信息,并且/或者通过全局通信网(比如因特网)将接收到的信息传送到中央控制器。
在各个上述实施例中,在其它移动用户单元也尝试与基站通信的同时,多个远程计量单元102a-102n会同时尝试通过中间“中继段”(即移动单元140、计算机终端132、HBU 122或MBU 130)来发送消息。这样,在美国专利号5,748,104中提供了用于避免互相竞争的远程计量单元102a-102n之间的“碰撞”的技术,该专利通过引用被结合于此。
现在参照图2,该图说明了远程计量单元200。在可用于电力办公用事业计量读数的一个实施例中,测量设备202可以是转盘型或里程表型的电机功耗监视器和显示器,这是本领域公知的。于是,读取接口204可以是适用于所采用的测量设备202类型的光学或电机接口。例如,如果测量设备202是一电机的转盘,那么盘的转数则代表功耗。在这样一种情况下,读取接口204可以包括为盘的每次旋转读取单个光脉冲的光源或光电池。读取接口204将光脉冲变换成模拟电脉冲,并将它们发送至模拟多路复用器(AMUX)208,又将它们发送到模数转换器(A/D)210。A/D把模拟电脉冲转换成代表读取接口204所计数的转数的数字信号,并将所产生的数字信号传递到微处理器214。响应于该数字信号,微处理器214计算并保存以千瓦时为单位的总功耗。在优选实施例中,可以从大约半个小时到一个月中间选择存储间隔。
按照或者可以本地编程或者可以通过寻呼信道104从中央控制器116(见图1)下载的报告日程表,微处理器214产生公用事业消费量消息,用于传输到中央控制器116。消费量消息由微处理器214形成,然后经上变频、调制、放大、并且被传送到自组织网络接口单元240,或者由发射机216通过天线222发送。注意到在后一实施例中,微处理器214配置转换器220仅在除寻呼信道上已分配的寻呼时隙以外的时刻传输,从而使远程计量单元102能工作在半双工,而不丢失来自中央控制器116的到来消息。或者,如果不期望半双工操作的话,转换器220可以被常规的双工器所代替,如本领域所公知。
如前所述的中央控制器116发送指向远程计量单元102a-102n的控制和反馈消息。这些消息可以通过自组织网络接口单元240被传输。或者,这些消息可以被天线222捕获,被接收机218下变频和解调,并且被传递到微处理器214以进行适当的操作。注意到,微处理器214配置转换器220用于接收,除非需要向外的传输。中央控制器116发送的控制消息可以包括调度消息以及接收到远程计量单元102发出的各个报告消息的确认。
此外,在图2的示例性实施例中,步进向下变压器206a和206b分别与客户端的相A和相B电源线耦合。在美国住宅的典型电力安装型式中,相A和相B的电压电平均为120伏。步进向下变压器206a和206b分别输出一模拟电压电平信号,该信号分别与相A和相B上检测到的电压成正比。模拟电压电平信号被AMUX 208传递到A/D 210,在这里它们随后被转换成数字电压电平信号。然后,数字电压电平信号通过串行接口212被传递到微处理器214,然后它们分别与最大和最小的电压电平阈值相比较。在一实施例中,最大和最小的电压电平阈值是可编程的,根据需要,可以通过来自中央控制器116的控制消息来启用或禁用所述阈值。
如果代表相A上读到的电压的数字电压电平信号以及代表相B上读到的电压的数字电压电平信号都在最大和最小电压电平阈值之间,那么相A和相B的电压电平调节是令人满意的,并且不采取任何行动。然而,如果代表相A上读到的电压的数字电压电平信号或者代表相B上读到的电压的数字电压电平信号不在最大和最小电压电平阈值之间,那么相A和相B的电压电平调节不是令人满意的,于是微处理器214产生一故障状况消息,用于传输到中央控制器116(见图1)。如果在相A或相B上读到的电压电平内有过度的“电涌”或“电力不足”,包括有局部的断电或灯火管制,则会发生这样的故障状况。故障状况消息会包含相A和相B上读到的实际电压的已编码表示。微处理器214可以产生故障状况消息,用于传输到中央控制器116。而且,中央控制器116可以询问远程计量单元102,并指示它不仅报告现在的消费量读数,并且报告相A和相B上检测到的当前电压电平。
此外,在图2所示的实施例中,篡改传感器(tampering sensor)238在远程计量单元102的任何所企图的修改或断开时产生模拟篡改信号。篡改传感器238可以是例如水银开关,或是本领域公知的接近开关。这在公用事业计量应用中是理想的,因为篡改计量仪表以便“盗取”公用事业服务是非常普遍的。由于没有人会频繁地访问远程计量单元102以进行视觉检查,因此篡改传感器238是一项安全特征,它能远程检测盗用情况。模拟篡改信号通过AMUX 208被传递到A/D 210,随后被转换成数字篡改信号。数字篡改信号通过串行接口212被传递到微处理器214。微处理器214可以产生一故障状态消息,用于传输到中央控制器116,或者它为数字篡改信号提供内存存储以便进行延迟的报告。在远程计量单元102断开的情况下,数字篡改信号被保存在内存中以便以后检索。
在图2所示的实施例中,CEBus接口224、电源线收发机226以及双绞线收发机234被示出作为远程计量单元102的集成部分。然而,应该注意到,这些“网关”设备可以位于HBU 122(见图1)。此外,应该注意到,双绞线收发机234或电源线收发机226是否对于远程计量单元102是整体地定位、或者它们目前是否根本存在,可以取决于安装场所的特性和配置。同样应该注意到,尽管在图2中示出的CEBus接口224、电源线收发机226和双绞线收发机234是物理上分开的块,然而它们可以整合到单个超大规模(VLSI)应用专用集成电路(ASIC)中,或甚至被组合到微处理器214中。VLSI ASIC技术是本领域公知的。
在一实施例中,CEBus接口224包括用专用码编程的快闪EPROM,所述专用码是运行上面所述的各个高级服务所需的。此外,CEBus接口224包括用于存储CEBus系统配置参数的非易失性存储器。最后,CEBus接口224包括用于与微处理器214以及电源线收发机226和双绞线收发机234相接所需的电路。例如,CEBus接口224还可以包括用于通过双绞线收发机234以较高数据速率发送的嵌入式UART(未示出)。CEBus控制器和接口是本领域公知的。电源线收发机226和双绞线收发机234分别包括执行载波调制所必须的电路。这可以包括放大器、接收机、变换器以及各种无源元件。电源线和双绞线收发机也是本领域公知的。
操作上,从中央控制器116或者从移动单元140始发的控制或信息消息或者可通过自组织网络接口单元240、或者通过接收机218被接收,并且被传递到微处理器214,随后被路由到CEBus接口224。响应于控制或信息消息,CEBus接口224产生经PLC编码的消息,用于由双绞线收发机234或电源线收发机226或由两者的传输。PLC编码的消息分别在电源线228和230上被发送,或者在双绞线232上被发送。符合CEBus的设备136接收经PLC编码的消息,对它们进行解码,并且采取适当的行动。
图3示出工作在图1的系统100中的移动单元140的一个实施例,比如蜂窝电话或个人数字助理(PDA)。移动单元140包括用于发送和接收蜂窝语音和数据的天线300。天线300耦合到收发转换器302,用于将接收机路径和发射机路径区分开来。收发转换器耦合到形成接收机路径的接收机电路308,并且耦合到放大器304以及形成发射机路径的发送电路306。放大器304进一步耦合到功率调节单元310,所述功率调节单元310为放大器304提供控制。放大器304从发送电路306接收传输信号。
经由天线300接收到的蜂窝信号被提供给功率控制单元314,后者实现闭环功率控制方案。功率控制单元314耦合到通信总线318。通信总线318提供移动单元140内的模块间的公共连接。通信总线318还耦合到存储器322和恢复调节单元316。存储器322为可用于移动单元140的各种操作和功能存储计算机可读指令。处理器320执行存储器322中存储的指令。对于通常的工作状态而言,功率控制单元产生一功率控制信号,经由多路复用器312到功率调节单元310。然后,功率调节单元310传送功率控制信号,作为到放大器304的放大电平。
当移动单元140进入配备有自组织网络接口的另一设备的范围内时,移动单元140可以通过自组织网络接口324接收和/或发送信息。通过自组织网络接口324接收到的信息可以被存储在存储器单元322中以及/或者被处理器320处理,处理器320可以是一数字信号处理器(DSP)。
按照一个实施例,来自移动单元的信息传输可以是周期性的,或者根据来自基站或中央控制器的需要、或者按照计划好的方案,所述方案由无线基础设施或中央控制器进行管理。无线基础设施可以跟踪移动单元的位置和/或移动情况来管理从移动单元到中央控制器的数据传递。在一实施例中,当移动单元的当前位置信息表示移动单元处在中央控制器或中间无线设备的附近时,可以命令移动单元将信息传送到中央控制器或中间无线设备。与移动单元从离开中央控制器远距离传送信息相比,这个过程更好地管理了网络资源并节约了移动单元中的电池寿命。在另一实施例中,当移动单元的情况表明移动单元通常接近中央控制器或中间无线设备的日时或星期时,可以安排移动单元按照计划好的时间将信息传送到中央控制器或中间无线设备。与移动单元从离开中央控制器远距离传送信息或者网络话务繁忙时相比,这个用于信息传送的智能计划帮助管理网络资源并节约了移动单元中的电池寿命。
这样,所公开的实施例使用了低功率、低成本和自组织网络启用的无线通信设备来提供远程遥测设备的灵活读取和控制,而同时向消费者提供了高级消费者服务。无线通信设备从计量设备接收测量信息,并且按照计划好的数据传递方案将这类信息传送到中央控制器,从而避免了昂贵和高功率的发射机以及精细的网络计划。
提供了上述实施例的描述,使本领域的技术人员能制造或使用本发明。对于本领域的技术人员来说,对这些实施例的修改是显而易见的,且这里定义的基本原理可以应用于其它实施例。因此,本发明不限于这里所示的实施例,而是符合与这里公开的发明原理和新颖性特征一致的最宽泛的范围。
Claims (25)
1.一种在由遥测设备、移动单元和中央控制器组成的无线通信系统中用于远程遥测的方法,所述方法包括:
由移动单元通过自组织网络从遥测设备接收信息;以及
由移动单元通过自组织网络将接收到的信息发送到中央控制器。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括使用蓝牙通信协议来发送信息。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括使用IEEE 802.11通信协议来发送信息。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括使用超宽频带通信协议来发送信息。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括还使用蜂窝通信协议通过基站来发送信息。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括还使用无线二进制运行时间环境通信协议来发送信息。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括周期性地发送信息。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括以低话务时间周期发送信息。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括当移动单元进入家用基单元的范围时通过家用基单元发送信息。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送信息包括通过因特网经由家用电脑发送信息。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送包括当移动单元进入家用电脑单元的范围时发送信息。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发送信息包括通过多中继段的自组织网络发送信息。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接收包括使用蓝牙通信协议接收信息。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接收包括使用IEEE 802.11通信协议接收信息。
15.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接收包括使用超宽频带通信协议接收信息。
16.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接收包括周期性地接收信息。
17.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接收包括当移动单元进入遥测设备的范围时接收信息。
18.一种用于无线通信系统中的远程遥测的装置,包括:
用于通过自组织网络从遥测设备接收信息的装置;以及
用于通过自组织网络将接收到的信息发送到中央控制器的装置。
19.一种用于无线通信系统中的远程遥测的装置,包括:
接收机;
发射机;
存储器单元;以及
通信上耦合到所述存储器单元的数字信号处理(DSP)单元,所述DSP单元能够:
通过自组织网络从遥测设备接收信息;以及
通过自组织网络将接收到的信息发送到中央控制器。
20.如权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接收包括通过蓝牙网络接收信息。
21.如权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接收包括通过IEEE 802.11网络接收信息。
22.如权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接收包括通过超宽频带网络接收信息。
23.如权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述发送包括还通过无线二进制运行时间环境协议发送接收到的信息。
24.如权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述发送包括通过多中继段的网络发送接收到的信息。
25.如权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述发送包括还通过CDMA蜂窝通信网络发送接收到的信息。
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US10/099,128 US6985087B2 (en) | 2002-03-15 | 2002-03-15 | Method and apparatus for wireless remote telemetry using ad-hoc networks |
PCT/US2003/007948 WO2003079717A2 (en) | 2002-03-15 | 2003-03-13 | A method and apparatus for wireless remote telemetry using ad-hoc networks |
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CN1653846B true CN1653846B (zh) | 2010-06-23 |
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EP (1) | EP1488660B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2005521303A (zh) |
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CN (1) | CN1653846B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003220296B2 (zh) |
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MXPA04008974A (es) | 2004-12-13 |
JP2005521303A (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
WO2003079717A2 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
US20030174067A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 |
RU2004130470A (ru) | 2005-05-10 |
RU2310293C2 (ru) | 2007-11-10 |
KR20100077040A (ko) | 2010-07-06 |
IL164112A0 (en) | 2005-12-18 |
AU2003220296A1 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
CN1653846A (zh) | 2005-08-10 |
CA2479411A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
US6985087B2 (en) | 2006-01-10 |
EP1488660A2 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
CA2479411C (en) | 2010-01-05 |
JP2010178336A (ja) | 2010-08-12 |
WO2003079717A3 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
BR0308464A (pt) | 2007-03-27 |
EP1488660B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
KR20040095293A (ko) | 2004-11-12 |
AU2003220296B2 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
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