CN1649546A - 用于最小侵入骨关节手术的扩孔钻导杆 - Google Patents
用于最小侵入骨关节手术的扩孔钻导杆 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
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- A61B17/1666—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the hip for the acetabulum
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- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320016—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes
- A61B17/32002—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments
- A61B2017/320032—Details of the rotating or oscillating shaft, e.g. using a flexible shaft
Abstract
为了帮助医生控制装置,提供一种可调扩孔钻导杆,该扩孔钻导杆容易拆开进行清洁。该导杆具有可重新定位的把手、锁定环和弹性装置。该弹性装置作用在把手锁定机构上,该锁定机构可以绕导杆轴线将可重新定位的把手锁定在不同角位置。该弹性装置还将锁定环偏压到锁定位置。该锁定环有助于同时固定扩孔钻导杆。除去受到弹性装置弹力作用的锁定环可以放松组件的一端,从而有助于拆卸和/或者清洁。绕导杆调节把手的位置能替换各个手的手掌/夹紧部分,从而在不同方向达到最大控制。为了在病人左侧或者右侧进行手术,或者站在病人的后面或者正前面进行手术,或者采用不同的手术方法进行手术,这种调节是需要的。另外,为了适合用左手或者右手的医生的不同需要,这种调节也是重要的。
Description
发明背景
本发明涉及扩孔钻的把手,具体涉及可调节的容易消毒的髋臼扩孔钻的把手。
复杂的机械装置具有缝隙和凹槽,这种缝隙和凹槽即使不是不可能,也很难方便地清洗。不能充分清洗和消毒的装置具有在病人之间传播疾病的危险性,容易出现某种“prions”,它不能通过普通的医院消毒杀死,因此必须用洗刷/漂洗的物理法除去。
在Chana的题为“改进的手术装置和使用方法”的英国PCT申请No.GB0202934A中提出了若干种扩孔钻导杆的设计,该申请的内容已作为参考文献包含在本文中。然而,没有一种装置包括可相对于支架轴线进行角度再定位的把手,而且没有一个采用单一弹簧将角度再定位的把手锁定就位,又将两个外壳部分锁定就位。
需要的是一种容易调节、拆卸和清洁的扩口钻杆,该导杆包括采用一种只需极少部件的机构便可容易重新定位的把手。
发明概要
提供一种可调节的扩孔钻导杆,以便于医生控制该扩孔钻。导杆把手轴线的位置调节能够使通过各只手的手掌/夹紧部分的轴线改变,从而达到在不同方位的最大控制。为了适应在病人的左侧或者右侧操作,站在病人的后边和正前面进行操作,或者采用不同的外科手术方法,需要进行这种调节。另外,为了适应天生用右手或者用左手的医生的不同需要,这种调节很重要。通过调节可以增强操作和使用这种装置的方便性。
本发明的一个目的是使把手容易清洁,因为能够接近这种装置的所有表面,所以可以清洁这些表面(即,覆盖另一部分的部分可以移动或者去掉,从而露出所有表面)。另外,可以减小这种装置内部的小直径角部数目、隙缝数目和小缝隙的数目,同时去掉了盲孔。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种扩孔钻把手,这种把手容易拆卸,而且学会拆卸容易。
本发明的再一目的是尽量减少部件的数目,因而可降低丢失任何个别部件的危险。
附图的简要说明
该附图示出本发明的作为例子的不同实施例。
图1是侧视图,示出本发明的扩孔钻导杆。
图2是顶视图,示出本发明的扩孔钻导杆。
图3是沿图2所示3-3线截取的横截面图。
图4是平面图,示出先有技术传统扩孔钻导杆正以最小侵入方法对髋臼丞窝口进行扩孔。
图5是平面图,示出本发明的扩孔钻导杆正以最小侵入方法对髋臼丞窝口进行扩孔。
图6是本发明另一实施例的分解组件。
图7是图6所示另一实施例另一结构的外壳。
图8是透视图,示出本发明的具有可再定位把手另一实施例。
图9A是图8另一实施例的分解图。
图9B是图8另一实施例一部分分解图的细节图。
图9C是横截面图,示出图8另一实施例的可调节把手部分。
图10透视图,示出图8另一实施例的关键部件。
图11平面图,示出本发明的外科手术扩孔钻的工具包。
详细说明
图1-3和5所示的扩孔钻导杆115由传动接头104组成,该接头适合于连接于转动动力源,该动力源用于转动扩钻导杆115的转轴107。该转轴107装在扩孔钻的固定机构120上。该扩孔钻的固定机构120可以从正骨手术时卡住和固定手术扩孔钻1的各种机构中选出。可以明显看出,现已有适合于此种用途的很多不同机构,然而作为例子,本发明选择较好的卡口式机构120。该扩孔器固定机构120包括滑动件106,该滑动件具有扩孔钻固定机构120的销钉部件111。该销钉与位于头108中的卡子110配合操作,从而形成卡住不同尺寸扩孔钻1的卡口,同时又使得它们容易脱开,以便进行和不同型号扩孔钻折更换和清洁。选择用于扩孔钻导杆115的扩孔钻1可以成型为一定形状和尺寸,以便切割人体内的不同骨骼的部位。众所周知,扩孔钻设计为可以切割膝盖的髌骨,或者肩部的关节盂,或者如图4、5所示的髋臼丞窝口。
参照图4和5,图中示出本发明的扩孔钻导杆115和先有技术的导杆15,图中,该导杆穿过病人皮肤30上的小切口35。在图4中示出的扩孔钻导杆以最佳的取向接近髋臼40,以便对丞窝口45扩孔。先有技术导杆15的困难被表示为,转轴3紧密接触位小切口35的切口边缘37。现在外科手术协议已经达到了极限,切口的尺寸正在逐渐减小,以便加快病人的康复速度。在某些情况下,医生采用两个切口的方法,一个切口用来达到髋臼,而另一个切口用来达到股骨。一个切口方法或者两个切口方法造成较小的病人外伤,因此要求该装置可以变形,并更好地设计成可以弥补操作空间的不足。
图5的扩孔钻115示出一种新的扩孔钻导杆115,该导杆具有包转轴107的弯曲外壳113。该转轴107可以从适用的各种现有转传送机构或者装置中选出,这些机构包括镍钛转轴、可弯曲的圆形或扁平形金属丝绕线缆、一系列齿轮从动轴,或者一系列由万用接头连接的转轴,该转轴还可选用任何一种适合于这种用途的任何一种转矩传送机构或者装置。该转轴107固定于具有一系列选择性支承118和119的外壳113上,该外壳可以防止转轴顶着骑在外壳113的内侧,该外壳起一个屏蔽件的作用,防止血液从外壳内流出。也可以采用其它的将转轴固定于外壳的其它方法。转轴107的最重要特征是,它贴合选出的外壳113,并可以将转矩充分地输送到扩孔钻1。
用插管材料形成外壳113,驱动端部104沿轴线116基本上与固定机构120同直线。下面参考图8及以下的图,驱动端部104可以按另一种方式沿着平行于轴线116或者偏离该轴线116的轴线配置。在外壳上的弯曲部分最好位于穿过小切口的关键部位,而不紧密接触皮肤30的位置37,而同时仍保持同样的手术协议。驱动端部104和固定机构120应当位于一条直线上,或者平行的轴上,使得作用力130可以造成轴向运动140。这样便使得医生可以用现有的技术,因为图4中的扩孔钻导杆15将给出同样的结果,因为该轴形具有直的驱动轴3。因此医生可以直接沿扩孔钻的路径直接加力。
下面参照图6,图中示出另一实施例。和图1-3和5类似,该扩孔钻导杆215具有驱动接头204,该接头适合于连接于转动动力源,该动力源用于驱动扩孔钻转轴207。该转轴可以从现有各种转矩传送机构或者装置中选择,这些机构包括镍钛转轴、可弯曲的圆形或者扁平形的金属丝绕线缆、一系列齿轮从动轴或者一系列由万用接头209连接的连杆208。该转轴207可以选用任何一种认为适合于这种用途的任何一种转矩传送机构或者装置。在此实施例中,轴207由包含万用接头209和支承部件218的一系列连杆208构成。
扩孔钻固定机构220最好是卡口式接头,具有滑动件206,该滑动件具有扩孔钻固定机构220的销钉部件211。该销钉211与位于头部208上的卡子210配合操作,从而形成捕获不同型号扩孔钻的卡子,同时使得它们容易脱离,以便进行各种型号扩孔钻的更换和清洁。该转轴207装在外壳部件213和214中,这些部件可以分开进行清洁。
有很多方法可以将外壳部件213或者214结合在一起。例如,转轴207可以包括:捕获机构247,该捕获机构适合于接收外壳部件213和214的前端部,这些外壳部件彼此对准,并封装驱动轴107,以防止病人的皮肤在操作时接触转矩传送轴207。一旦外壳部件213和214对准,锁定机构250便彼此作用,将外壳部件213和214以密封方式固定,该锁定机构由环形件255和外壳部件部件213上的卡子260构成。和图1-3和5所述的实施例一样,最好是使驱动端部204基本上沿轴线216与固定机构220在一条直线上。该外壳部件213和214最好形成弯曲的结构;然而具有分离外壳的扩孔钻导杆215包括选择性的直线结构,如图7所示的外壳部件313和314,其中没有弯曲部分。
下面参考图8,在另一实施例315中,该驱动端部404沿着平行于轴线416和偏离该轴线416的轴线配置。另外,可重新定位的把手500可以兼作卡合机构部件447,以便将两个外壳部件413和414连接在一起。
捕获机构447可以在外壳部件413和414的前端部分上滑动,使得一个部件与一个部件对齐,由此可以封装转轴107,从而防止病人的皮肤接触组装后的转矩传送轴107。
图9A、9B和9C更清楚示出外壳部件413和414如何被准直和锁定就位。该外壳部件413和414在锁定套管502a(其内直径大于外壳部件的外直径)在外壳上滑动,与外壳部件的弯曲部分480对接时,可以使外壳部件413和414彼此相对取向。在外壳部件413和414以及锁定套管502a之间配置薄的环形的Teflon套筒(未示出),以便于拆卸。锁定套筒502a的前部开口502b放在外壳部件413的414弯曲部分480上,从而防止锁定套筒和外壳部件的相对转动。在前部分448,捕获机构447具有锁定装置450,该锁定装置包括环形套筒482,把手500固定在该套筒上。套筒482a包括具有凹槽482c(示于图9C)的表面482b,固定于锁定套筒502肩部502c的销钉484插入到该凹槽中,以便按照医生的意向将把手500可扭动地刚性地固定在8个位置中的任何一个位置上。弹簧486一方面通过将弹簧压力作用在环形套筒482a内部肩部482c(示于图9C)上,将环形套筒482a偏压到与销钉484啮合,另一方面,又反作用于锁定环455。该锁定环455包括附在上面的销钉490,该销钉可以进入锁定套筒502的卡口492,从而将锁定装置450固定在锁定套筒的端部,由此将捕获机构447固定在一起。外壳部件413和414通过销钉490固定在一起,该销钉啮合各个外壳部件413和414的卡槽492(很清楚示于图10,在该图中为清楚起见去掉了环形套筒502、弹簧586和锁定套筒502)。锁定环455的锁钉490和卡口260可以相互作用,使得以密封方式固定外壳部件413和414,同时偏压弹簧486,从而使环形套筒482a(因此使把手500)与销钉484啮合。另外,环形套筒482轴向运动的充分大游隙使得医生可以选择性使套筒与销钉484脱开,从而可以围绕锁定套筒502a重新将把手500定位在8个角位置中的任何一个位置上,而同时可以避免拆卸导杆115。
参考图11,图中收集了不同类型的外壳部件213-214、313-314和413-414,形成一套工具600,该套工具可选择性包括不同型号扩孔钻用的外壳113以及冲击器602、髋臼植入物、股骨髋部假肢604和基节杯假体606,选出的不同扩孔钻外壳结构使得医生可以根据手术方法选用弯曲结构、偏置结构或者直线结构的扩孔钻导杆115、215和315,在作同一手术期间或者在不同的病人之间,这种手术方法是不同的。
所述本发明的实施例可以进行各种改变和改型。虽然本文已经示出和说明本发明某些例示性实施例,但是在前面说明中,可以进行各种各样的改型、改变和替换。在一些情况下,可以采用本发明的一些特征,而不相应应用其它特征。因此,上述说明应该进行广泛的解释,只能理解为一种例示性的例子,本发明的精神和范围仅由所附的权利要求书确定。
Claims (16)
1.一种手术扩孔钻导杆(15,115),该导杆容易拆卸进行清洁,该导杆是细长的,具有第一和第二端部以及中间的外壳(113,213,313,314,413,414,502),该外壳基本上密封传动系统(207),并至少由两个外壳部件(113,213,313,314,413,414,502)构成,其特征在于,第一和第二端部中的至少一个端部以传动系统密封的方式由捕获部件(455,490,486,502)固定,该捕获机构包括锁定环(455)和弹性装置(486),该锁定环由锁定装置偏压在锁定位置,该至少两个外壳可以沿大约一个平面彼此分开,该平面大体平行于外壳的纵轴线(116),从而可以清洁外壳部件和/或者将外壳部件换成不同形式的另一种外壳部件,以便满足不同的手术协议。
2.如权利要求1所述的手术扩孔钻导杆,其特征于,捕获机构(455、490、582)还包括锁定套筒(482a),可重新定位的把手(500)固定在该锁定套筒上;弹性装置(486)配置在锁定套筒和锁定环之间,使得可以将锁定环偏压在锁定位置,并偏压锁定套筒,由此将重新定位的把手固定在围绕导杆的轴线(116)的锁定角位置,该锁定环有助于同时固定扩孔钻导杆;除去受到弹簧装置偏压的锁定环可以放松组件的端部,从而有助拆卸和/或者清洁。
3.如权利要求2所述的手术扩孔钻导杆,其特征于,锁定套筒(482a)具有锁定凹槽(482c),该凹槽用于接收结合啮合于外壳肩部(502c)的销钉(484),在销钉插入凹槽中时锁定锁定套筒,因此锁定可调节把手(500),由此将锁定套筒锁定在该肩部,由此锁定在外壳上。
4.如权利要求2所述的手术扩孔钻导杆,其特征于,该锁定环(455)具有至少一个附在其上面的销钉(411),该至少一个销钉在锁定环由弹性装置(486)偏压到卡口凹槽(260、492)中时,将锁定环锁定在锁定位置。
5.如权利要求1所述的手术扩孔钻导杆,其特征于,该驱动系统(207)选自一组驱动系统,该组驱动系统由镍钛驱动系统、铁金属驱动系统、软的圆形绕丝缆驱动系统、扁平的金属丝绕线缆驱动系统、齿轮从动轴驱动系统和其转轴由万向接头连接的驱动系统。
6.一种细长手术扩孔钻导杆(315),该导杆具有可调的把手(500),该把手容易拆开进行清洁,该导杆具有第一和第二端部以及中间外壳(113、213、313、314、413、414、502),该外壳基本上密封该驱动系统(207),其特征在于:可锁定的调节机构(450)可绕该导杆将该把手可调地固定在多个角位置上,该可锁定的调节机构包含锁定环(456)和其上连接可调把手的锁定套筒(482a);弹性装置(486)配置在锁定套筒和锁定环之间,使得可以将锁定环偏压到锁定位置,并将锁定套筒以及把手偏压到围绕外壳的选出的的锁定角位置;除去顶着弹性装置偏压力的锁定环有助于拆卸导杆进行清洁。
7.如权利要求6所述的手术扩孔钻导杆,其特征于,锁定套筒(482a)具有凹槽(482c),该凹槽用于接收结合啮合于外壳肩部(502c)的销钉(484),在销钉插入该凹槽时,锁定该锁定套筒,因而锁定该可调把手(500),由此将锁定套筒锁定在该肩部,进而锁定在该外壳上。
8.如权利要求6所述的手术扩孔钻导杆,其特征于,锁定环(455)具有至少一个附在上面的销钉(41),该至少一个销钉在该锁定环由该弹性装置(486)偏压到卡口凹槽(260、292)时,将锁定环锁定在锁定位置。
9.如权利要求8所述的手术扩孔钻导杆,其特征于,该驱动系统(207)选自一组驱动系统,该组驱动系统由镍钛驱动系统、铁金属驱动系统、软的圆形绕丝缆驱动系统、扁平的金属丝绕线缆驱动系统、齿轮从动轴驱动系统和其转轴由万向接头连接的轴的驱动系统。
10.一种手术扩孔钻导杆工具包,包括:
手术扩孔钻导杆驱动系统(207),该驱动系统的一端具有扩孔钻固定机构(120);
至少一对匹配的外壳部件(313,314;413,414)这些外壳部件接收该驱动系统,并将该驱动系统约束在操作方向。
11.如权利要求10所述的手术扩孔钻导杆工具包,包括至少两对匹配的不同形状的外壳部件(313、314;413,414),各种形状适合于满足不同的手术协议。
12.如权利要求10所述的一套手术扩孔钻导杆工具包,还包括至少一个手术扩孔钻(1)。
13.如权利要求10所述的一套手术扩孔钻导杆工具包,还包括股骨假体(604)。
14.如权利要求10所述的一套手术扩孔钻导杆工具包,还包括髋臼(acetabular cup)假体(606)。
15.如权利要求10所述的一套手术扩孔钻导杆工具包,还包括冲击器(602)。
16.如权利要求10所述的一套手术扩孔钻导杆工具包,还包括消毒盒(610)。
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EP (1) | EP1499248B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4358102B2 (zh) |
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CN (1) | CN1309349C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003219465A1 (zh) |
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CN1309349C (zh) | 2002-04-30 | 2007-04-11 | 普雷西梅德公司 | 用于最小侵入骨关节手术的扩孔钻导杆 |
US7004946B2 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2006-02-28 | Symmetry Medical, Inc. | Acetabular cup impactor |
US7326215B2 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2008-02-05 | Symmetry Medical, Inc. | Curved surgical tool driver |
US7008430B2 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-03-07 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Adjustable reamer with tip tracker linkage |
US7335207B1 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2008-02-26 | Biomet Manufacturing Corp. | Minimally invasive cup impactor |
-
2003
- 2003-04-28 CN CNB03809651XA patent/CN1309349C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-28 US US10/510,384 patent/US7785329B2/en active Active
- 2003-04-28 KR KR1020047017313A patent/KR100965538B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2003-04-28 AU AU2003219465A patent/AU2003219465A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-28 DE DE60331643T patent/DE60331643D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-28 EP EP03715277A patent/EP1499248B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-28 JP JP2004500703A patent/JP4358102B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-28 WO PCT/IB2003/001725 patent/WO2003092513A1/en active Application Filing
-
2005
- 2005-05-05 US US11/123,932 patent/US7637909B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2007
- 2007-11-05 US US11/935,198 patent/US7780669B2/en active Active
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108135623A (zh) * | 2015-08-18 | 2018-06-08 | 因西坡设备公司 | 偏置铰刀驱动器 |
CN108135623B (zh) * | 2015-08-18 | 2021-05-11 | 因西坡设备公司 | 偏置铰刀驱动器 |
US11576687B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2023-02-14 | Incipio Devices Sa | Offset reamer driver |
CN109561902A (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2019-04-02 | 因西坡设备公司 | 偏置铰刀驱动器 |
CN109561902B (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2021-11-26 | 因西坡设备公司 | 偏置铰刀驱动器 |
CN113081154A (zh) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-09 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | 一种髋臼锉弯杆机构 |
CN115227463A (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-25 | 北京长木谷医疗科技有限公司 | 手术器械的磨锉装置、手术器械及手术机器人 |
WO2024016700A1 (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-25 | 北京长木谷医疗科技有限公司 | 手术器械的磨锉装置、手术器械及手术机器人 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1309349C (zh) | 2007-04-11 |
KR20040104649A (ko) | 2004-12-10 |
US7637909B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 |
JP4358102B2 (ja) | 2009-11-04 |
US20050240192A1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
WO2003092513A1 (en) | 2003-11-13 |
US20050216022A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
AU2003219465A1 (en) | 2003-11-17 |
US20080065081A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
EP1499248A1 (en) | 2005-01-26 |
US20090318922A9 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
US7780669B2 (en) | 2010-08-24 |
DE60331643D1 (de) | 2010-04-22 |
KR100965538B1 (ko) | 2010-06-23 |
JP2005523764A (ja) | 2005-08-11 |
US7785329B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 |
EP1499248B1 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
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