CN1642842B

CN1642842B - Operation support device

Info

Publication number: CN1642842B
Application number: CN038070863A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 成泽顺市; 宫本敏之; 鹭谷兼一; 石本英史; 森田纯男; 斑目弘一; 庄子研也; 小仓弘; 渡边洋
Original assignee: Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-03-25
Filing date: 2003-03-25
Publication date: 2011-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2023-03-25
Also published as: EP1491486A1; KR100745847B1; DE60323952D1; EP1491486B1; JP2004001987A; CN1642842A; EP1491486A4; US20050192732A1; KR20040094850A; WO2003084855A1; US7672768B2

Abstract

An operation support device is arranged in an operation room of a construction machine and includes a display device for displaying at least an operation procedure of the construction machine by using a text and an illustration, an image processing device for generating an image, and a controller for causing the image processing device to generate an image of operation procedure according to the work of the construction machine and causing the display device to display the generated image.

Description

Operation support device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of operation support device, this operation support device is offered help to the operation of being undertaken by the operator by the display screen place information of demonstration such as operating process of installing in construction machinery and equipment.

Background technology

When the construction machinery and equipment of transportation on truck etc. such as crawler crane, may before being contained in the crane arm of construction machinery and equipment etc. on the truck, must take them apart, and in new building site they be re-assemblied then in the building site.After the assembling construction machinery and equipment and before taking construction machinery and equipment apart, must carry out specific fitting operation, and the operator finishes each installation steps by the reference operator's hand book.

Yet if the operator usually has to reference to operator's hand book, fitting operation can not carry out efficiently, during such fitting operation, must finish a plurality of steps with particular order, as confirming serviceability, rise and the reduction crane arm etc. of erecting device.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of operation support device by helping the operator during operation in display screen place display operation process.

The operations according to the instant invention accessory equipment comprises: a read out instrument of installing in the operator's of construction machinery and equipment operator's compartment at this read out instrument place, shows the operating process that is used for construction machinery and equipment with text and illustration at least; An image processing apparatus, it produces image; A control setup, it makes the image of the corresponding operating process of operation of image processing apparatus generation and construction machinery and equipment, and makes read out instrument show the image that is produced by image processing apparatus; And information detection device, it is surveyed and drives and operate the information that construction machinery and equipment needs, wherein control setup makes image processing apparatus produce image according to information of being surveyed by the information detection device and operating process, and make the image of read out instrument display operation process, image with the information relevant with construction machinery and equipment, these images are produced by image processing apparatus, wherein the operating process of the construction machinery and equipment that shows at the read out instrument place can comprise instruction how to operate construction machinery and equipment, the affirmation project of checking, inspection item of checking and exercisable alarm, these are complementary with the information of being surveyed by the information detection device.Preferably, control setup shows read out instrument to be used for the operating process of fitting operation of rising or reducing the front attachment of construction machinery and equipment.Preferably, control setup is according to the image of the information updating of being surveyed by the information detection device in the demonstration of read out instrument place.

Preferably, the information detection device is surveyed a kind of posture, and the environmental information of indication construction machinery and equipment surrounding environment of quantity of state, the construction machinery and equipment of the state of an indication construction machinery and equipment.Also be preferably, control setup makes read out instrument show later operating process according to the posture of the construction machinery and equipment that is detected by the information detection device.

This equipment also comprises a selecting arrangement that is chosen in the operating process that the read out instrument place will show, and preferably, control setup makes read out instrument show the operating process of being selected by selecting arrangement.

When the posture of the construction machinery and equipment that is detected by the information detection device is allowing in the operating range, control setup can make read out instrument the display screen place show be applied to construction machinery and equipment on the relevant information (hereinafter being called torque limiter information) of load, rather than operating process.

Control setup can make the inventory of read out instrument with tree-shaped form display operation process.Control setup can be kept the demonstration of the inventory of operating process all the time at read out instrument part place.As a kind of selection, control setup can be at the read out instrument place inventory of display operation process on request.

Control setup comprises a memory cell, before handle arrives the power cut of construction machinery and equipment, this memory cell is stored in the operating process that the read out instrument place shows immediately in memory device, and when being switched to the electric power of construction machinery and equipment once more, control setup makes read out instrument be presented at the operating process of storing in the memory device at memory cell place.This equipment can also comprise an audio frequency output unit, and the operating process of this audio frequency output unit output construction machinery and equipment is instructed as audio frequency.

Preferably, read out instrument also show be applied to construction machinery and equipment on the relevant information (hereinafter being called torque limiter information) of load; And control setup image processing apparatus is produced provide torque limiter information image and with the image of the corresponding operating process of operation of construction machinery and equipment, make read out instrument show the image that produces by image processing apparatus.This equipment also comprises an information detection device, this information detection device is surveyed a kind of posture, and the environmental information of indication construction machinery and equipment surrounding environment of quantity of state, the construction machinery and equipment of the state of an indication construction machinery and equipment, also be preferably, control setup makes image processing apparatus produce an image according to the information that is detected by the information detection device, and make read out instrument show torque limiter information and with one of corresponding operating process of posture of construction machinery and equipment.

Preferably, when in the operating range that the posture of the construction machinery and equipment that is detected by the information detection device is not allowing, perhaps when detect by the information detection device, when the posture of the construction machinery and equipment in allowed band moves on to and allows operating range outer, control setup switches to operating process to the image in the demonstration of read out instrument place from torque limiter information.Also be preferably, but the operating process of the construction machinery and equipment that shows at the read out instrument place comprises about instruction how to operate construction machinery and equipment, the affirmation project that will check, the inspection item that will check, reaches a kind of operational alarm, these are complementary with the information that is detected by the information detection device, this equipment also comprises selecting arrangement, and this selecting arrangement is selected will be at the image of read out instrument place demonstration; And control setup makes read out instrument display operation process and one of the torque limiter information selected with one of corresponding torque limiter information of the posture of construction machinery and equipment or operating process with by selecting arrangement.

When detecting about inspection item wrong, control setup can make read out instrument show the failure diagnosis screen.The operating process of the construction machinery and equipment that is shown by control setup can also comprise operating manual; And if operating manual selected by selecting arrangement, then control setup makes read out instrument show the corresponding operating manual of screen with current demonstration.

Preferably, whether information detection device detection front attachment is installed on the construction machinery and equipment; And if the information detection device detects front attachment is not installed, then control setup makes read out instrument display operation process.Control setup can make read out instrument show to be used for the operating process of fitting operation that raises or reduce the front attachment of construction machinery and equipment.

A kind of construction machinery and equipment according to the present invention comprises this operation support device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the tower crane that carries out in fitting operation, the operation support device of realizing in this hoisting crane place is installed in according to one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are the enlarged drawings of the connecting device of the tower crane represented in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is illustrated in the structure of the operation support device of realizing in the one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is the inner structure of the controller in Fig. 3 and the diagram of block of structure of supposition around controller;

Each presents the example of the operating process screen that may show at the display unit place Fig. 5 to 31;

Figure 32 and 33 each present the example of the pre-performance review screen that can show at the display unit place;

Each presents the example of the torque limiter screen that can show at the display unit place Figure 34 to 36;

Each presents the example of the process screen that can show at the display unit place Figure 37 to 56;

Figure 57 presents the diagram of circuit that hoisting crane rises operation;

Figure 58 presents the diagram of circuit that hoisting crane reduces operation;

Figure 59 is illustrated in the inventory of the operating process of display unit place demonstration;

Figure 60 is presented on the example of the failure diagnosis screen that the display unit place can show;

Figure 61 represents the inventory with the install operation process of tree-shaped form demonstration;

Each is presented on the example of the inventory of the operating process that the display unit place can show Figure 62 to 65;

Figure 66 to 76 is presented on other example of the operating process screen that the display unit place can show;

Figure 77 is the diagrammatic side view of tower crane before the experience assembling process;

Figure 78 makes front attachment be parked in the diagrammatic side view of tower crane on the ground;

Figure 79 makes the front attachment diagrammatic side view that is in the tower crane that closes configuration state mounted thereto;

Figure 80 is illustrated in before the assembling process or the flow process of the operating process screen that shows when the front portion that is installed in the tower crane place being arranged on the ground;

Each is presented on the example of the operating process screen that the display unit place can show Figure 81 to 87;

Figure 88 represents that the tower crane when the front attachment of installing is in the flow process of closing the operating process screen that shows when putting device thereon;

Figure 89 is presented on the example of the operating process screen that the display unit place can show;

Figure 90 represents the flow process of the operating process screen that shows when the posture of the tower crane in operating range claims in the inoperative scope; And

Figure 91 and 92 each be presented on the example of the operating process screen that the read out instrument place can show.

The specific embodiment

(first embodiment)

Following is the explanation of the operation support device of realization in embodiments of the present invention that provides with reference to accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a lateral plan, and the structure of the tower crane of the operation support device of realizing is equipped with in expression in one embodiment of the invention.As shown in fig. 1, tower crane comprise a crane main body 1, axial support crane main body 1 sentence just by the tower crane arm 2 of oscilaltion, and one with the cantilever 3 of rotary way axial support at the front end place of tower crane arm 2.Be noted that Fig. 1 represents to be in the tower crane under the so-called installing condition, under this state, tower crane or rise or the process that reduces in.Although tower crane is under the installing condition, cantilever 3 locks onto the front surface side of tower crane arm 2 by connecting device 13, and as a result of, tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 as an integral unit by lifting.At crane main body 1 place, a crane arm lifter winch 4 and a cantilever elevation winch 10 are set.In addition, by means of its rise/fall suspended load hook lifting winch 15 to be arranged on crane main body 1 place.

First hanger rope 6 is connected to the front end of tower crane arm 2 at one end place, and is connected with crane arm lifting cable 5 around crane arm lifter winch 4 at its other end place.When rolling or carrying crane arm lifting cable 5, rise or reduce tower crane arm 2 by first hanger rope 6 by means of tower crane arm lifter winch 4.

At the front end place of tower crane arm 2, a rocking bar 7 is rotated so that allow by axial support.Rocking bar 7 supposition are triangular shaped, and one of summit is linked by the front end of second hanger rope 8 with cantilever 3.Another summit of rocking bar 7 links by the 3rd messenger cable 9 and short cable device 12 and cantilever elevation cable 11 around cantilever elevation winch 10.When rolling or twining out cantilever elevation cable 11 by means of cantilever elevation winch 10, rocking bar 7 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction or on the clockwise direction by the 3rd hanger rope 9, rise/fall cantilever 3 thus.

Operator's operator's compartment 1a is arranged on crane main body 1 place, and in operator's operator's compartment 1a, install by operator's operation with the control lever that drives above-mentioned tower crane arm lifter winch 4 and cantilever elevation winch 10 etc.In addition, display unit 30 (see figure 3)s in its place's demonstration such as various types of information of operating process are installed among operator's the operator's compartment 1a, check the position of this demonstration easily the operator.

(P5, final stage)

Fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are the enlarged drawings of connecting device 13.Connecting device 13 comprises cantilever lock pawl 13c and retainer 13d, and cantilever lock pawl 13c is supported on the support 13a place that is fixed on the tower crane arm 2 by pin 13b rotationally, and retainer 13d is fixed on the cantilever 3, so as with cantilever lock pawl 13c interlocking.Cantilever lock pawl 13c and support 13a link each other by spring 13e, and owing to the spring force that gives from spring 13e, cantilever lock pawl 13c and retainer 13d are meshing with each other, as shown in Fig. 2 (a).The rope 13f that is used for discharging this link is connected on the cantilever lock pawl 13c, and when pulling rope 13f, overcomes the spring force that is given by spring 13e, discharges being connected of cantilever lock pawl 13c and retainer 13d, as shown in Fig. 2 (b).A limit switch 13g is installed in cantilever lock pawl 13c place.When cantilever lock pawl 13c and retainer 13d were meshing with each other, limit switch 13g was placed to retainer 13d and contacts, and is switched on.

Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the structure that adopts in an embodiment of the present invention the operation support device.As shown in Figure 3, crane arm angular transducer 51, boom angle sensor 52, tension feeler 53 and 54, anemographs 55, revolution counter 56, loud speaker 57, a pick up camera 58 etc. are electrically connected on the controller 20 operation of controller 20 control operation accessory equipments.

(P6, the 3rd section)

The crane arm angular transducer 51 that is installed in the bottom end vicinity of tower crane arm 2 is surveyed tower crane arm 2 with respect to ground-surface angle (crane arm is angle over the ground).Near the boom angle sensor 52 of center of turn that is installed in cantilever 3 is surveyed the angle of cantilevers 3 with respect to tower crane arm 2.Tension feeler 53 is surveyed the tension force of crane arm lifting cable 5, and tension feeler 54 is surveyed the tension force of cantilever elevation cable 11.Anemograph 55 is installed in the front end place of tower crane arm 2, with measuring wind and wind direction.Revolution counter 56 is measured the rotating speed of the driving engine (not shown) in crane main body 1.By loud speaker 57 output alarm songs, sound etc.The pick up camera 58 that can be ccd video camera or cmos camera is captured in hoisting crane back or the image around the winch drum, so that monitor the state of crane main body 1 back or the state of winch drum, these states can not with the naked eye be checked from operator's operator's compartment 1a.

Controller 20 is according to calculated signals crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 angle over the ground with respect to the horizontal plane from angular transducer 51 and 52 inputs.Be noted that angular transducer 51 and 52 all is made of rotary encoder etc., and tension feeler 53 and 54 is made of force transducer etc. all.

In addition, limit switch 70,71,72,73 and 13g are electrically connected on the controller 20.Limit switch 70 is installed near the front end of cantilever 3, to survey the suspension hook pulleying.Limit switch 71 and 72 all is installed in the bottom end vicinity of tower crane arm 2, to survey the 90 ° of pulleying and the final pulleying of tower crane arm 2 respectively.Limit switch 73 is installed near the center of turn of cantilever 3, to survey the final pulleying of cantilever 3.Limit switch 13g surveys the coupled condition of connecting device 13.

(P6, final stage)

Controller 20 also is electrically connected with proportion magnetic valve 14a, 14b and 14c, and these electromagnetism are arranged to control the flowing of pressure oil that supplies to crane arm lifter winch 4, cantilever elevation winch 10 and hook lifting winch 15 from the hydraulic power source (not shown) respectively.

When detecting the pulleying of tower crane arm 2 grades, survey the corresponding limit switch 70 to 73 that is provided with for pulleying and export an ON signal to controller 20.When tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 are clamped together, at the limit switch 13g at connecting device 13 places to ON signal of controller 20 outputs.Response by the operator carry out for the operation of the control lever (not shown) of corresponding winch switching proportion electromagnetic valve 14a, 14b and 14c respectively, and these electromagnetic valves are also switched by controller 20, stop the driving of corresponding winch when activating the pulleying safety device of describing in detail later on box lunch.

In addition, display unit 30 and input media 40 also are electrically connected on the controller 20.

Near the input medias 40 that are positioned at the display unit 30 comprise: upwards refers to, refer to, refer to, reach the arrow key 41 to 44 that refers to and be used for sending the instruction that is used for switching display screen or selection display screen downwards left to the right; With the key (O, X, △,) 45 to 48 that is operated with affirmation selection displaying contents.The image that operator response shows at display unit 30 places and operated key 41 to 48.

Control unit 20 has image processing function, and according to the signal from angular transducer 51 and 52, tension feeler 53 and 54, anemograph 55, revolution counter 56, pick up camera 58, input media 40 and limit switch 70 to 73 and 13g output, the image that generation will show at display unit 30 places.Display unit 30 is made of for example liquid crystal indicator, and is the so-called multiple display unit that can be presented at image that controller 20 places produce etc.Response is by the key operation of input media 40 inputs, and controller 20 switches in the displaying contents at display unit 30 places where necessary.

In addition, controller 20 is used from the effect of the overload preventing device of hoisting crane, promptly as torque limiter.According to by angular transducer 51 and 52 and the result of detections carried out of tension feeler 53 and 54, torque limiter calculates representative and hangs the load factor of load with respect to the ratio of the load limit of the actual loading of swinging radius and hoisting crane, according to result of calculation control ratio electromagnetic valve 14a, 14b and 14c, and control the driving of crane arm lifter winch 4, cantilever elevation winch 10 and hook lifting winch 15 thus.

(P8, the 2nd section)

Fig. 4 represents the structure and the structure around controller 20 of controller 20.As shown in Figure 4, controller 20 comprises: a single-chip microcomputer 20A, and it produces synthetic image, calculated load factor etc.; A nonvolatile memory 21 allows data rewrite; An indicative control unit 22; An image output interface 23; An amplifier 24; An audio frequency control unit 61; An audio frequency output interface 62; Or the like.

Can be the number of screen that the nonvolatile memory 21 of EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory) storage allocation in memory device is given the screen that shows at display unit 30 places etc., or the like.The order that indicative control unit 22 sends according to the CPU 27 by single-chip microcomputer 20A is controlled at the screen that display unit 30 places show.Image output interface 23 connects indicative control unit 22 and display unit 30.Amplifier 24 amplifies the current command value from single-chip microcomputer 20A where necessary, and the amplified current bid value is outputed to proportion magnetic valve 14a, 14b and 14c.Audio frequency control unit 61 converts the audio frequency digital signal that produces at CPU 27 places to the audio frequency analog signal, and audio frequency output interface 62 outputs to loud speaker 57 to this audio frequency analog signal.

Single-chip microcomputer 20A comprises: an A/D converter 25, and it is converting digital signal from angular transducer 51 and 52, tension feeler 53 and 54, anemograph 55 and revolution counter 56 to the signal of its input; An input interface 26 is to the digital signal of these input interface 26 inputs from input media 40 and limit switch 70 to 73 and 13g; And an image input interface 63, to the digital signal of these image input interface 63 inputs from pick up camera 58.In addition, single-chip microcomputer 20A comprises: CPU 27, and it realizes the The whole control to controller 20, and carry out arithmetical operation according to specific program; A read-only memory (ROM) (ROM) 28 is wherein stored initialize program; And a random-access memory (ram) 29, when CPU 27 carries out control and arithmetical operation, the interim numerical value etc. of storing in this random-access memory (ram) 29.

Display unit 30 according to given operating process show text, illustration, and the image of catching such as dynamic image with by pick up camera 58 image.Be noted that in this article the term " text " that uses is meant character, be sentence or message that interpreter operation process etc. shows.The procedure stores that is controlled at display unit 30 place's content displayed is in the ROM 28 of controller 20.

(P9, the 2nd section)

The CPU 27 of controller 20 is long and jib-length and from angular transducer 51 and the 52 tower angles of importing and the signal of boom angle, the posture of real-time detection tower crane according to the tower that was provided with before operation start.So the tower crane posture of real-time detection is sentenced the form demonstration of illustration and digital value at display unit 30.The tower crane posture is stored among the RAM 29 temporarily in real time.If tower angles and boom angle with angular transducer 51 and 52 detections have any variation with respect to the value of storing in RAM 29, then change the illustration of handling in display screen, and last look is stored among the RAM 29 according to this.In addition, CPU 27 handles from the picture signal of pick up camera 58 inputs if necessary, and at display unit 30 places the image and the out of Memory that are made of this picture signal is shown together.

The operation support device of Shi Xianing is by above-mentioned structure in an embodiment of the present invention.Secondly, explain the operation of the operation support device of carrying out in an embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.

The operation support device of realizing in the first embodiment of the present invention provides that illustration instructs, text instructs and audio frequency instructs and helps or prompting operation person operates by the operating process for the tower crane fitting operation.In addition, it is the respective operations step with given fitting operation at display unit 30 places, shows the posture, hoisting crane environmental information of amount, the hoisting crane of indication such as the angle of inclination of tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 and the hoisting crane state the cable tension etc. as image.

Be noted that the operations according to the instant invention accessory equipment can show the operating process of torque limiter screen and fitting operation at display unit 30 places as image, this torque limiter screen provides about being applied to the information of the load on the tower crane.To in the explanation of second embodiment, provide about the details of how switching mutually with the corresponding operating process screen of given fitting operation and torque limiter screen.

(P9, final stage)

Each presents an example of image Fig. 5 to 56, and display unit 30 places of the operation support device that this image can be realized in an embodiment of the present invention show, instruct, indicate the amount of this tower crane state etc. with the operating process that is provided for fitting operation.As shown in Fig. 5 to 56, the display screen at display unit 30 places is included in the big main screen that shows the left side and at less the screen that shows the right side.Operating process, operational details, tower crane posture etc. are indicated in main screen with the form of text or illustration, and the quantity of state of the tower crane current state of indication such as cable tension and be provided in time screen about the information of environment.In addition, when indicating status amount not, do not use time screen, but replace on the entire display screen curtain display operation details etc.

In the top of display screen, indicate type, and the current point in time of the installation guide of current demonstration and fitting operation, and the key that is used for switching display screen is presented in the bottom of display screen.Be presented at and reach the arrow that refers to downwards upwards,, left to the right in the bottom of screen; It is corresponding with arrow key 41 to 44 and key 45 to 48 at input media 40 places respectively that " circle key O ", " cross key X ", " triangle key △ " reach " square key ".The operator selects given key in the key 41 to 48 at input media 40 places, with the corresponding instruction such as " selection " or " setting " of the key that sends and select.Be noted that owing to when switching display screen, may change in an embodiment with the content of the cooresponding instruction of given key, thus the operator must be in key 41 to 48 options button, to send right instructions at the current screen of display unit 30 places demonstration by check.

(P10, the 3rd section)

Fig. 5 represents to be used for the menu screen of installation guide.What Fig. 6 to 16 expression showed checks the screen that is provided for pre-the rise, is rising to carry out to rise in advance before the tower crane arm 2 when tower crane arm 2 is placed on the ground to check.That Figure 17 to 27 expression shows, for rising tower crane arm 2 performed rises after checking and operate the screen that guidance is provided finishing pre-the rise.That Figure 28 to 31 expression shows, operate the screen that guidance is provided for after rising tower crane arm 2, rising cantilever 3 performed rises.

That Figure 32 and 33 expressions show, provide the screen of guidance for performed pre-performance review when the tower crane arm 2 that has risen and cantilever 3 and tower crane have been resumed work posture.The torque limiter screen that Figure 34 to 36 expression shows in the demonstration at display unit 30 places when tower crane is worked.

That Figure 37 to 41 expression shows, when having finished, before reducing tower crane arm 2, provide the screen of guidance for rising tower crane arm 2 performed rises operations by the work of tower crane.That Figure 42 to 46 expression shows, provide the screen of guidance for reducing cantilever 3 performed reductions operations, and Figure 47 to 56 expression shows, operate the screen that guidance is provided for putting down the tower crane arm 2 performed reductions that connect with cantilever 3.

When carrying out tower crane rise fitting operation, the installation guide menu screen of representing in Fig. 5 at first shows at display unit 30 places.In the installation guide menu screen in Fig. 5, be presented in the main screen to the actions menu that comprises during the rise of mode of operation is instructed, be presented in time screen such as the information of the amount of indication hoisting crane state for rising tower crane.The actions menu that is used to rise guidance comprises four, and promptly " the pre-rise checked ", " tower rises operation ", " cantilever rises operation " reach " end ".

Under normal circumstances, the fitting operation that is used for rising tower crane is carried out in the following order: the pre-rise checked, checks crane main body 1 during this period, and by making tower crane arm 2 be placed on the operation of checking safety device on the ground; Tower rises operation, and tower during this period crane arm 2 rises, and connects with cantilever 3 simultaneously; And cantilever rise operation, after the locking that is released between tower crane arm 2 and the cantilever 3, rise cantilever 3 during this period.

Figure 57 presents and is used for the diagram of circuit that tower crane rises the guide screen of operation, and these operations are presented at display unit 30 places.Controller 20 determines to show which guide screen according to the key entry of being carried out at input media 40 places by the operator.

(P11, the 4th section)

Afterwards, operation forwards step S102 to select " the pre-rise checked " in step S101 in actions menu screen (see figure 5).In step S102, for pre-the rise checks that the screen (Fig. 6 to 16) that provides operating process to instruct is presented at display unit 30 places.The operator follows the operating process that shows at display unit 30 places rises inspection in advance.After the pre-rise inspection of finishing in step S102, operation forwards step S103 to.At step S103,, tower provide the screen (Figure 17 to Figure 27) of operating process guidance to be presented at display unit 30 places for rising operation.The operator follows the operating process that shows at display unit 30 places and carries out tower rise operation.In case the tower of finishing in step S103 rises operation, operation just forwards step S104 to.In step S104,, cantilever provide the screen (Figure 28 to Figure 31) of operating process guidance to be presented at display unit 30 places for rising operation.The operator follows the operating process that shows at display unit 30 places and carries out cantilever rise operation.

When finishing posture that cantilever in step S104 rises operation and tower crane and be set in the operating range, operation forwarding the next operating process of being engaged in the work of beginning hoisting crane to.The operation of this respect will be described in detail afterwards.

As mentioned above, when the actions menu screen selection of representing in Fig. 5 in step S101 that is used for rising guidance " was risen in advance and checked ", demonstration comprised that in the following order " rise is checked in advance ", " tower rises and operates " reach the operating process of " the cantilever rise is operated " at display unit 30 places.Thereby the operator can be risen operation, so that easily and reliably the tower crane that is in the state of falling is set to work posture.

Rise the tower crane arm 2 that fell and connect and do not rise inspection in advance, then in actions menu screen (see figure 5), select " tower rises operation " among the step S101 in Figure 57 with cantilever 3.Select " tower rises operation " afterwards in step S101, operation forwards step S103 to.As a result, be used for pre-demonstration of rising the operating process of checking, show at display unit 30 places to be used for the display screen (Figure 17 to 27) that tower rises the operating process of operation by skipping.When finishing tower in step S103 and rise operation, operation forwarding step S104 to, is used for the display screen (Figure 28 to Figure 31) that cantilever rises the operating process of operation to eject at display unit 30 places.

(P12, the 3rd section)

On the other hand, if the operator wishes to rise cantilever 3 by means of the tower crane arm 2 that has risen, then be chosen in " cantilever rises operation " in the actions menu screen (see figure 5) among he the step S101 in Figure 57.Select " cantilever rises operation " afterwards in step S101, operation forwards step S104 to.As a result, be used for rising in advance the demonstration that the cross-check sum tower rises the operating process of operation, show at display unit 30 places to be used for the display screen (Figure 28 to 31) that cantilever rises the operating process of operation by skipping.

Be noted that if in step S102, make a mistake when guidance in display screen is risen inspection in advance, then show to switch to the failure diagnosis screen by following.For example, when the tower angle of tower crane arm 2 above 90 °, promptly be in the following time of state of 90 ° of pulleying, there is not the alarm buzzer sounding, then the demonstration at display unit 30 places can switch to the selection screen, this selection screen allows operation's direction whether to carry out failure diagnosis, as the failure diagnosis of representing in Figure 60.The operator selects whether to carry out failure diagnosis by input device 40 then, and if the operator select the operational failure diagnosis, then the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to failure diagnosis screen (not shown).Because the method that can adopt when the failure diagnosis of carrying out hoisting crane is known technology, so the detailed explanation of this method is not provided.

Promptly, the actions menu screen (see figure 5) that rises guidance by being used for of being chosen in that display unit 30 places show reach one of actions menu item in " cantilever rises operation " " the pre-rise checked ", " tower rises operation ", can show at display unit 30 places be used for selected operation and any after the operating process operated.Although the actions menu screen display of representing in Fig. 5 is at display unit 30 places, the operator can select one of actions menu item by the UP or the DOWN arrow 41 or 43 that operate in input media 40 places.In case selected an actions menu item, the operator just presses key (O key) 45 is set, to be advanced to next screen (process).

Note, if crane arm is fixed on the crane main body 1 as front attachment rather than tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 (if work mechanism is as conventional hoisting crane rather than as tower crane), then operate forwarding pre-rise to from the menu screen that shows check screen among step S101, this is pre-to rise check that the operation of carrying out in screen and the diagram of circuit that presents is corresponding in Figure 57 in step S102.When the guidance that provides being provided finishing pre-rise and check, show that the crane arm that is used for carrying out at step S105 rises the screen of the operating process of operation in display screen.The operator carries out crane arm rise operation by the guidance that provides is provided then in screen.Otherwise operation can be from directly forwarding step S105 to the corresponding menu screen of step S101, and screen is checked in the pre-rise of not ejecting in step S102, during step S105, shows that crane arm rises function screen.Yet, because for fitting operation that conventional hoisting crane carries out being installed far away from the complicated operation that is used for the tower hoisting crane, so install operation process needn't show at display unit 30 places.

(P13, the 3rd section)

Now, when selecting " the pre-rise checked " in the actions menu screen in Fig. 5, provide the explanation that the rise that shows at display unit 30 places is instructed successively.When selecting pre-rise to check, the demonstration at display unit 30 places switches to the display screen of representing in Fig. 6.

A: the pre-rise checked (rise and instruct)

In Fig. 6, in main screen, be presented at the project list that to check in the pre-rise inspection, and in inferior screen, show and those the similar contents in Fig. 5.During the pre-rise of carrying out for tower crane is checked, carry out " main body inspection ", " brake service checks ", " locking check " reaches " safety device check ".Be noted that the operator can be chosen in the given inspection item that will check during the pre-rise inspection.Although eject the display screen of the pre-rise list of the check of representing in Fig. 6 at display unit 30 places, the operator can select the inspection item of hope by operation UP or DOWN arrow key 41 or 43.In case selected inspection item, the operator to eject next screen, promptly is advanced to later operating process with regard to operation setting key (O key) 45.Below a kind of like this supposition is given an explaination: selected in the display screen of the pre-rise list of the check of in Fig. 6, representing " main body inspection ", and after demonstration is used for guidance that main body checks, ejects successively and be used for the display screen that " brake service checks ", " locking check " reach " safety device check ".

When the pre-rise inspection of representing from Fig. 6 as the operator selects main body to check, show to switch to the screen of in Fig. 7, representing.In Fig. 7, in main screen, be provided for the guidance that main body is checked, and in inferior screen, show and those the similar contents in Fig. 6.Can show form provider's inspection and guide with for example following message.

Confirm the orientation and the side frame coupling of main body.

Confirm the not installation of crane boom block.

Confirm that clutch tube has switched to the tower side.

The operator carries out the visual inspection of each details by when checking operating process with reference to the main body inspection and guide that show at display unit 30 places.When checking all inspection items, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45 is to forward next operating process to.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Fig. 8.Be noted that if at this moment the operator operates " returning " key (X key) 46, then show to switch to and return tight fwd display screen, the display screen of promptly in Fig. 6, representing.

(P14, the 3rd section)

In Fig. 8, in main screen, be provided for the guidance that brake service is checked, and in inferior screen, show the quantity of state etc. of indication tower crane state.Brake service is checked and is instructed and can provide with the form of for example following message.

Check is used for the operation of the automatic brake of cantilever elevation winch.

Check the operation of tower lifting drg.

Confirm the trainstop connection.

The operator instructs and when checking operating process checking with reference to the brake service that shows at display unit 30 places, by using check stop device such as operating lever, to guarantee their normal runnings.In addition, the operator confirms that trainstop is in the ON state, and this trainstop keeps the top revolution superstructure of crane main body 1.When finishing whole brake service and check, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Fig. 9.

In Fig. 9, in main screen, be provided for locking the guidance of check, and in inferior screen, show and those similar contents in Fig. 8.Lock operation is checked and is instructed and can provide with the form of for example following message.

Check the operation of drum lock pawl.

Confirm that the revolution lock is engaged.

Confirm that tower lifting drum blocking device is engaged.

(P15, the 1st section)

The operator checks operating process by checking to instruct with reference to the locking that shows at display unit 30 places, and the slewing lock of confirming to be used for locking the bulging blocking device of winch drum and being used for not allowing top revolution superstructure to rotate is in the lock state.Be installed among operator's the operator's compartment 1a owing to be used for meshing the switch of bulging blocking device and slewing lock, so can judge the state of blocking device by the serviceability of checking these switches.As a kind of selection, when blocking device is in engagement following time, in the inferior screen at display unit 30 places etc., can light the locking lamp.When finishing whole locking and check, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Figure 10.

Show among Figure 10 not to be divided into main screen and time screen, and be used on the entire display screen curtain, providing the planning chart of safety device check.The Safety Device for Tower Crane of checking in safety device is checked is " suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist ", " 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist of tower ", " cat head point prevention sytem for overhoist ", " cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist ", and " overload preventing device ".UP or the DOWN arrow key 41 or 43 of operator by operating in input media 40 places selected the safety device that will check.If the operator selects as shown in Figure 10 " suspension hook pulleying ", and operation " details " key (O key) 45, then show to switch to the display screen of in Figure 12, representing.

As being used for the details guidance that safety device is checked, the safety verification project that will check when checking the operation of suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist is presented on the entire display screen curtain, as shown in Figure 12.Be noted that when the weight (not shown) on the front end that is suspended on cantilever 3 is promoted by suspension hook and as a result of limit switch 70 is switched on, activate the suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist.When connecting the suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist, be used to roll the driving of suspension hook, i.e. the tension of hook lifting winch 15 drives, and the driving of unclamping of unclamping driving and cantilever elevation winch 10 of tower crane arm lifter winch 4 stops automatically, and the alarm bell sounding is with the pulleying of alert operator suspension hook.

(P15, final stage)

The operator confirms the normal running of suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist by checking the safety verification project that shows at display unit 30 places.That is, when promoting weight, he confirms that by operating operation lever (not shown) the tension of hook lifting winch 15 drives, the driving of unclamping of unclamping driving and cantilever elevation winch 10 of tower crane arm lifter winch 4 all stops.In addition, he confirms alarm bell sounding when the normal running of suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist.Be noted that when tower crane arm 2 to be in when falling state that cantilever 3 and tower crane arm 2 are placed on the ground together, and thereby, assist operator on the ground etc. can be with the portable weight that rises.

After all safety verification projects of representing in Figure 12 by check are confirmed the normal running of suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Figure 13.

In the display screen of in Figure 13, representing, show the safety verification project that when checking the operation of 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist of tower, will check.Note, when the tower angle that detects tower crane arm 2 when the limit switch 71 near the center of turn setting of tower crane arm 2 has reached 90 °, the tension that 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist of tower stop tower crane arm lifter winch 4 automatically drives, and the buzzer that gives the alarm is with 90 ° of pulleying of alert operator tower.

When keeping depressing limit switch 71, promptly when limit switch 71 was in the ON state, the operator operated an operating lever (not shown), drove with the tension of confirming tower crane arm lifter winch 4 to stop and also sounding of alarm buzzer.Be noted that limit switch 71 manually pressed so that it is in the ON state by on the ground assist operator etc.

After all safety verification projects of representing in Figure 13 by check are confirmed 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist normal runnings of tower, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Figure 14.

In the display screen in Figure 14, be shown as the safety verification project of checking cat head point prevention sytem for overhoist and will check.Note, when the tower angle that detects tower crane arm 2 when the limit switch 72 near the center of turn setting of tower crane arm 2 has reached greater than 90 ° summit limit, cat head point prevention sytem for overhoist stops the tension driving of the tension driving of cantilever elevation winch 10, tower crane arm lifter winch 4 automatically and the tension of hook lifting winch 15 drives, and also send alarm bell and alarm buzzer, with the pulleying of alert operator cat head point.

(P16, final stage)

When keeping depressing limit switch 72, promptly when limit switch 72 is in the ON state, the operator operates each operating lever (not shown), with the tension of confirming cantilever elevation winch 10 drive, the tension of the tension driving of tower crane arm lifter winch 4 and hook lifting winch 15 drives and all stops and also sounding of alarm bell and alarm buzzer.Be noted that limit switch 72 manually pressed so that it is in the ON state by on the ground assist operator etc.

After all safety verification projects of representing in Figure 14 by check are confirmed the normal running of cat head point prevention sytem for overhoist, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Figure 15.

In the display screen in Figure 15, be shown as the safety verification project of checking cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist and will check.Note, the boom angle that detects cantilever 3 when the limit switch 73 near the center of turn setting of cantilever 3 has reached a summit limit, for example 65 °, the time, the tension that cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist stops cantilever elevation winch 10 automatically drives, the tension of unclamping driving and hook lifting winch 15 of tower crane arm lifter winch 4 drives, and also send alarm bell and alarm buzzer, with the summit pulleying of alert operator cantilever.

When keeping depressing limit switch 73, promptly when limit switch 73 is in the ON state, the operator operates each operating lever (not shown), with the tension of confirming cantilever elevation winch 10 drive, unclamping of tower crane arm lifter winch 4 drive and the tension of hook lifting winch 15 drives and all stops and also sounding of alarm bell and alarm buzzer.Be noted that limit switch 73 manually pressed so that it is in the ON state by on the ground assist operator etc.

After all safety verification projects of representing in Figure 15 by check are confirmed the prevention sytem for overhoist normal running of cantilever summit, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Figure 16.

In the display screen of in Figure 16, representing, in main screen, show the message of instruction, and in inferior screen, show load factor and indicate whether to export alarm signal and the indication icon of danger signal automatically with the operation that is used for checking the overload preventing device.Note, the overload preventing device that plays so-called torque limiter effect is according to the calculated loads such as cable tension that are applied on the cantilever 3, in case and load calculated surpasses the limit that is provided with corresponding to swinging radius in advance, just stop further to increase the operation of load, as tower crane arm lifter winch 4 unclamp driving, cantilever elevation winch 10 unclamp driving, and the tension of hook lifting winch 15 drive and the buzzer that also gives the alarm.

(P17, final stage)

In the main screen in Figure 16, can show for example following message.

Check the overload preventing device.Alarm will ring 3 seconds after pressing the O key, and will export automatic danger signal after 6 seconds.Confirm that response stops tension driving and lifting driving to the operation of lever.

The operator is by following the instruction in the message that shows in the display screen of display unit 30, operate in the O key 45 at input media 40 places, unclamp unclamping drivings, reaching the tension driving of hook lifting winch 15 of drivings, cantilever elevation winch 10 with what confirm the output alarm and also stop tower crane arm lifter winch 4.Be noted that and indicate whether that the information of exporting alarm signal and automatic danger signal is presented in time screen.

In case checked the operation of overload preventing device, needed in checking the inspection of all items of checking just to finish pre-the rise.After, if rise tower crane arm 2, then be chosen in after the operation of checking the overload preventing device " next one " key that in the bottom of the display screen at display unit 30 places, shows, to move forward to the display screen of representing in Figure 17, this display screen is provided for the operating process guidance that tower rises operation.

Note, although in the above explanation that provides, rise the safety device inventory that will check that the demonstration that is used for the guidance that safety device checks in checking is represented from Figure 10 pre-, so that instructing more in detail with each safety device is corresponding as shown in Figure 12 to 16 to be provided, but also can skip the detailed guidance in Figure 12 to 16.In a single day in this case, the operator should check the operation of each safety device with reference to the inventory of representing in Figure 10, and has checked all safety devices, the operator just should select " next one " by operation UP or DOWN arrow key.Eject the demonstration of " next one " key (O key) in the bottom that is chosen in display screen of " next one ", as shown in Figure 11, rise the Operating Guideline screen to allow the operator to move forward to the tower of in Figure 17, representing by " next one " key 45 that operates in input media 40 places.

(P18, the 5th section)

B: tower rises operation (rise and instruct)

In Figure 17, the guidance with preparation tower rise operating order is provided in the main screen, and whether the indication cable tension changes, indicates connecting device ingear quantity of state; The quantity of state of indication engine speed, wind speed and direction etc. is presented in time screen.Having the preparation tower rises the guidance of operating order and can be for example provides with the form of following message.

Operate the tower lifting lever that is used to strain and take pivoted lever.

Stop momently to confirm that main body is under the stability condition and drg is worked.

Throw off the locking of tower lifting drum.

After the preparation tower of the demonstration at display unit 30 places rose Operating Guideline affirmation operating process, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45 was to start tower rise operation in reference.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Figure 18.Be noted that if operate " returning " key (X key) 46 in the display screen of in Figure 17, representing, then show and return tight fwd display screen, the display screen of promptly in Figure 16, representing.

In Figure 18, in main screen, provide tower to rise Operating Guideline, and in inferior screen, show with Figure 17 in those similar contents.Tower rises Operating Guideline and provides with the form of the illustration of the message " rise tower " represented in Figure 18 and tower crane.The operator is operational tower lifting lever and take tower crane arm 2 by following the pre-lift operations of representing in Figure 17 to instruct, and starts tower and rises operation.Synthesize at display unit at controller 20 places according to the tower angle of the tower crane arm of surveying by crane arm angular transducer 51 2 etc. and to be in the illustration that shows in the main screen.Be noted that by the real-time tower angle of crane arm angular transducer 51 detections and also indicate in main screen.

(P19, the 3rd section)

Tower crane arm 2 in the display screen of representing in Figure 18 reaches 9 ° tower angle by means of the rocking bar of having taken 7, and this tower crane arm 2 is connected into an integrated unit with cantilever 3.When during the operational tower lifting lever, rising tower crane arm 2 gradually as an integrated unit for further tension in this state with cantilever 3.When rising tower crane arm 2, the tower crane arm in the illustration that display unit 30 places show also moves, as shown in Figure 19.Be noted that the display screen in Figure 19 represents that tower crane arm has 59 ° tower angle.When in tension operation further during engagement tower lifting lever, 2 liters of tower crane arms in addition higher, and the tower crane arm in illustration is further moved.

For example 70 ° the time, Pop-up message in the demonstration in the main screen at display unit 30 places " stops tower " to the tower angle that must reach a predetermined value when 2 liters of tower crane arms, as shown in Figure 20.Stop the tension operation of tower lifting lever by the operator of this message notifying.When stopping in being used for rising the display screen that operating in of tower crane arm 2 represent among Figure 20, the demonstration at display unit 30 places switches to the display screen of representing in Figure 21.

In the display screen of representing in Figure 21, display message in main screen " unloads and removes tower lifting pad " and the illustration of crane main body 1.The operator is risen Operating Guideline by the tower that provides in the display screen of representing is provided in Figure 21, (1) unloads crane main body 1 and (2) remove tower lifting pad.In case remove tower lifting pad, the operator is just at input media 40 places operation " next one " keys (O key) 45, to forward next operating process to.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to switch to the display screen of representing in Figure 22.Be noted that tower lifting pad is used for preventing, when rising tower crane arm 2, the rear side of crane main body 1 is owing to the weight of tower crane arm 2 is raised.

(P20, the 1st section)

In the main screen in the display screen of in Figure 22, representing with in Figure 18 to 20 expression similar form display message " rise tower " and the illustration of tower crane.The operation that is used for rising tower crane arm 2 that operator's continuation is instructed in message.The tower angle that is noted that the tower crane arm that shows in the display screen in Figure 22 is 70 °.

Rise operating period at tower, the tower crane arm 2 that connects with cantilever 3 is raised by tension crane arm lifting cable 5.At this moment, also must synchronously strain cantilever elevation cable 11, to guarantee that cantilever elevation cable 11 can not become lax when tower crane arm 2 is raised.The operator checks the cantilever elevation cable tension show and the intensity of variation of crane arm lifting cable tension in inferior screen at display unit 30 places, and operates the respective operations lever to prevent the cable Tai Song or too tight that becomes.In this embodiment, if cantilever elevation cable tensions of being surveyed by tension feeler 53 and 54 and any of crane arm lifting cable tension become unusually, then in the demonstration alarm of display unit 30 places.Be noted that the alarm that is used for unusual cable tension can be used as audio frequency message and is provided.

Figure 23 presents the example of the alarm that may show at display unit 30 places when detecting cantilever elevation cable tension unusual.Display screen in Figure 23 is included in the illustration and the alert message " the cantilever elevation cable is lax " of the tower crane that shows in the main screen.In addition, the indication icon of the cantilever elevation cable tension intensity of variation in inferior screen moves on to L (low) side, and the curve that the cantilever elevation cable tension changes is lighted to indicate unusual cable tension.The alert message that response shows at the screen place of display unit 30, the operator operates the operating lever of tension cantilever elevation cable 11, so that regulate the cantilever elevation cable tension.In case the cantilever elevation cable tension returns normally, the demonstration at display unit 30 places just is switched to tower and rises the Operating Guideline screen, as the screen of representing in Figure 22.Thereby the operator is by operation recovers tower rise operation to operating lever.

(P21, the 1st section)

Display screen in Figure 24 is before tower crane arm 2 enters the state of 90 ° of pulleying, for example when the tower angle is 85 °, if tower lifting drum locks an example of the alarm that does not also have to throw off and export.Unless the locking of tower lifting drum is thrown off, be booked otherwise lock pawl rouses the place at winch, and when tower crane arm enters the state of 90 ° of pulleying, can make the tension operation failure.The preparation tower of representing in Figure 17 rises in the display message in the Operating Guideline " throwing off tower lifting drum locks ", if the message that the operator ignores in Figure 17 is not thrown off the locking of tower lifting drum unintentionally, then the illustration with tower crane shows alert message, as " the drum locking is not also thrown off ".

When the operator responds this message and throws off tower lifting when locking drum, the demonstration at display unit 30 places switches to tower and rises the Operating Guideline screen, as the screen of representing in Figure 22.Yet, the real-time angle of the tower crane arm 2 that the reflection of the illustration of actual displayed and tower angle is detected by crane arm angular transducer 51 in main screen at this moment.

When the tower crane arm 2 that connects with cantilever is further risen and the tower angle reaches a predetermined value for example 88 ° the time, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 25.In the display screen of in Figure 25, representing, in main screen, show the illustration and the message " 90 ° of pulleying are coming " of tower crane with 88 ° of tower angles.

When tower crane arm 2 when this state is further risen, the demonstration at display unit 30 places tightly reaches in the tower angle and be switched to the display screen of representing before 90 ° in Figure 26.In the display screen of in Figure 26, representing, in main screen, show near the image the limit switch 71 of 90 ° of 58 that catch by pick up camera, as to survey tower crane arm 2 pulleying.The operator has reached 90 ° by the tower angle of lower position switch 71 and tower crane arm 2 by observing the image affirmation of catching that shows at display unit 30 places.In case the tower angle of tower crane arm 2 reaches 90 °, the demonstration at display unit 30 places just is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 27.Be noted that when the time, activate 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist of tower, and stop the tension driving of tower crane arm lifter winch 4, stop the rise operation of tower crane arm 2 thus by lower position switch 71.

(P22, the 1st section)

In the display screen of in Figure 27, representing, in main screen with the illustration display message of tower crane " because 90 ° of pulleying towers stop automatically " with 90 ° of tower angles.When the display screen of representing in Figure 27 was presented at display unit 30 places, tower rises Operating Guideline to be finished.After, be chosen in " next one " key (O key) that shows in the bottom of the display screen among Figure 27, rise the display screen of operating process to rise cantilever 3 to move forward to the cantilever of in Figure 28, representing.

C: cantilever rises operation (rise and instruct)

In Figure 28, in main screen, be provided for the guidance that cantilever rises operation, and in inferior screen show state amount etc.Cantilever rises Operating Guideline and can provide with the form of for example following message.

The rope of pulling connecting device and disengagement cantilever lock pawl.

Confirm that with the naked eye the cantilever lock pawl throws off.

Before beginning to be used for rising the operation of cantilever 3, the operator checks operating process and guarantees that tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 throw off mutually by rise Operating Guideline with reference to the cantilever that shows at display unit 30 places.Tower crane arm 2 under coupled situation and cantilever 3 are for example discharged mutually by on the ground assist operator.By following when instruct discharging connecting device 13, operator's operation " next one " key (O key) 45 is to forward next operating process to.On the other hand, if he selects " returning " key (X key), then show and return tight display screen in front, the display screen of promptly in Figure 27, representing.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to be switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 30.Yet, at first do not throw off connecting device 13 if operate " next one " key 45, show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 29, representing.

In Figure 29, have the illustration of tower crane of 90 ° of tower angles and alert message " rope of pulling connecting device and throw off the cantilever lock pawl ", with cantilever 3 with respect to ground-surface ground angle, promptly the boom angle except that the tower angle is presented in the main screen.When cantilever 3 and tower crane arm 2 are in coupled situation following time, boom angle is-90 °.In inferior screen, light the indication icon that indication connecting device 13 is engaged in addition, still be under the engagement with the alert operator connecting device.Can replace provides the alarm that does not also have disengagement as the connecting device 13 of audio frequency message.

When following instruction in the display screen of representing discharge connecting device 13 by means of the rope 13f of pulling at connecting device 13 places in Figure 29, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 30.

(P23, the 2nd section)

In Figure 30, the illustration display message with tower crane in main screen " arrives control position to cantilever elevation ".In inferior screen, show the indication icon that the indication connecting device has been thrown off.Be noted that the list of illustrations that shows in the main screen in Figure 30 is shown the cantilever 3 that the boom angle of realizing 11 ° has been strained by the operation of operating lever.

Under the state of representing in Figure 30, operating lever further is being engaged to rise cantilever 3 in the tension operation.When the boom angle of cantilever 3 reaches predetermined value for example 15 ° the time, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 31.Under the display screen of in Figure 31, representing, show below message and finished the rise guidance with the notifying operation person.

Finish tower and risen guidance.

Check prevention sytem for overhoist.

Along with the display screen that is presented at display unit 30 places among Figure 31, tower crane rises to instruct and finishes.After, in order to move into hoisting crane work, the operator is chosen in " next one " key (O key) that shows in the display screen bottom among Figure 31, to move forward to the display screen that is provided at the pre-performance review among Figure 32.

The above explanation, the operator can be easily and rise cross-check sum reliably in advance and rise operation by following that the rise that shows at display unit 30 places instructs as reference Fig. 5 to 31.Be noted that the operations according to the instant invention accessory equipment, except that showing the operating process of rising fitting operation, provide the torque limiter screen in hoisting crane work or operating period.

Be also noted that, when finishing the tower crane fitting operation, begin before the hoisting crane work, must carry out pre-performance review the hoisting crane of the posture of resuming work.Thereby, if after rising the guidance end, operate " next one " key 45, then show the guidance that is used for pre-performance review at display unit 30 places at the input media place.

D: operating range

Figure 32 is illustrated in the inventory of the safety device that will check in the pre-performance review, and this inventory is presented on the entire display screen curtain.As by checking and like that in pre-performance review, to check 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist of tower, cat head point prevention sytem for overhoist, cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist, to reach the overload preventing device with reference to rising in advance at the display screen among Figure 10 to 16.The operator is chosen in a kind of safety device in the inventory by operation UP or DOWN arrow key 41 or 43 in the display screen that is presented at read out instrument 30 places among Figure 30, and operated " details " key (O key) at 45 o'clock then, show to be switched to the detail screen that is used for checking corresponding safety device, as expression at Figure 12 to 16 those one of.

Note, as under the situation about checking in pre-rise, can carry out pre-performance review at the display screen place of display unit 30 with the detailed safety verification project of the corresponding demonstration of each safety device by checking, perhaps can check by checking the safety verification project that is used for each safety device with reference to the inventory in the display screen of in Figure 32, representing.We suppose that the operator passes through to check with reference to the inventory of the pre-performance review in Figure 32 the operation of each safety device, and thereby, we omit the explanation that the image of confirming details is provided.

(P24, the 3rd section)

In case all check the operation of safety device, the operator just operates UP or DOWN arrow key 41 or 43 to select " next one " at input media 40 places.When selecting " next one ", the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 33.After, the display screen in Figure 33 shows that the operator selects " next one " key (O key) with in the work of beginning hoisting crane.The operation of response " next one " key 45, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the torque limiter screen, as the screen of representing in Figure 34.

As shown in Figure 34, be applied to tower crane on the relevant information of load be displayed in the torque limiter screen.The operator suitably drives tower crane arm 2, cantilever 3 etc., so that guarantee that by the information that shows in check during the hoisting crane work excessive load can not be applied on the tower crane in the torque limiter screen.

In the display screen of in Figure 34, representing, in main screen, be presented at the illustration of the synthetic tower crane in controller 20 places, and amount and the environmental information with the state of indicating tower crane shows the bulging image of winch of being caught by pick up camera 58 in inferior screen.In the illustration of the tower crane that in main screen, shows, tower length, jib-length and tower angle and boom angle that indication is surveyed respectively at crane arm angular transducer 51 and boom angle sensor 52 places.In addition, the swinging radius that calculates according to tower length, jib-length, tower angle and boom angle is indicated in main screen.Also indication and corresponding load limit of work at present radius and suspended load actual loading in main screen, this load limit and actual loading are to calculate according to the crane arm lifting cables of being surveyed by tension feeler 53 and 54 5 and the cable tension of cantilever elevation cable 11.In inferior screen, provide according to load limit and suspended load actual loading load calculated factor.ROM 28 places that are stored in controller 20 with reference to rated load, nominal load table in advance with definite and the corresponding load limit of work at present radius.Be noted that the motion that needn't animation becomes the reflection tower crane such as the illustration of the tower crane that shows in the torque limiter screen of in Figure 34, representing.

(P25, the 2nd section)

Also be noted that in the inferior screen at the torque limiter screen place that the degree of the tension variation of crane arm lifting cable 5 and cantilever elevation cable 11 is represented in Figure 34 and do not show.Yet,, make the operator can monitor any irregular winding of cable etc. by checking winch 4,10 in the image of catching and 15 state by pick up camera 58.

In addition, by operating in the display switch key (arrow key to the left or to the right) that shows in the display screen bottom of representing among Figure 34, in the main screen at display unit 30 places, can show the image of catching by pick up camera 58.For example, if be presented among Figure 34 display screen simultaneously, the operator to Right Arrow, then shows the image of catching of crane main body 1 rear side, as shown in Figure 35 in the operation of input media 40 places in main screen.At this moment, in inferior screen, show information such as swinging radius, tower angle, boom angle and suspended load actual loading with load factor, engine speed, wind speed and wind direction.

If operate in the torque limiter display screen of in Figure 35, representing input media 40 places to left arrow 44, then show and return the display screen of in Figure 34, representing, if and operator's operation is to Right Arrow 42, then eject the image of winch 4,10 or 15 in the demonstration in main screen, as shown in Figure 36.In Figure 36, the image that shows in main screen can be any image of expression winch 4,10 or 15, and perhaps main screen can be divided into three zones, all to show the image of winch 4,10 or 15 immediately.In the inferior screen in Figure 36, also as in the display screen of representing among Figure 35, the amount of the state of demonstration indication tower crane etc.When the operator operates in the LEFT (left) at input media 40 places in the torque limiter of representing among Figure 36 or RIGHT (to the right) arrow key 42 or 44, show the display screen that is switched in Figure 34 or Figure 35.

Make the operator by monitoring the tower crane in the torque limiter screen in Figure 35 to 36 that display unit 30 places show work posture and the state of winch drum, carry out hoisting crane work and do not move to operating range outside or cause transshipping.If after hoisting crane work, will reduce lifting work arm 2 with cantilever 3, then show the guidance that is used to reduce operation at display unit 30 places, and thereby, the operator reduces fitting operation by following to reduce to instruct.

(P26, the 2nd section)

In the bottom of the display screen of Figure 34 to 36, show and instruct key (key).When the operating operation person operate in input media 40 places instruct key (key) 48 time, show that at display unit 30 places the reduction that is used for reducing tower crane instructs.Usually, cantilever 3 is at first released to connect with tower crane arm 2, so that reduce tower crane after rising tower crane arm 2.Then, the tower crane arm 2 that now connects with cantilever 3 is lowered to ground.Yet, may needs change the instruction of the reduction that shows at display unit 30 places in instructing according to the posture of tower crane etc.Thereby when Operating Guideline key 48, controller 20 determines that according to the state that plays tower heavy-duty machines, posture etc. the reduction that will eject instructs on the display screen at display unit 30 places.

Figure 58 presents diagram of circuit, the flow process of expression reduction Operating Guideline corresponding with the state of tower crane, that show at display unit 30 places.Controller 20 judges show which specific guidance screen.One of torque limiter screen in Figure 34 to 36 when showing, when the operator be chosen in input media 40 places instruct key 48 time, the flow process in the diagram of circuit that presents in Figure 58 begins.

At first, whether at step S201, carrying out about construction machinery and equipment is to have as front attachment to be fixed to the tower crane arm 2 on the crane main body 1 and the tower crane of cantilever 3.If make construction machinery and equipment in step S201 is the sure decision of tower crane, and then operation forwards step S202 to.At step S202, carry out according to the whether decision in operating range such as the work at present radius of the tower crane of the data computation that provides by crane arm angular transducer 51, boom angle sensor 52 etc.This decision is undertaken by the work at present radius is compared with the swinging radius limit of calculating at the torque limiter place, if and the deviation of work at present radius then determines the work at present radius in operating range in the predetermined value that is provided with respect to the swinging radius limit.If make sure decision in step S202, then operation forwards step S203 to.

At step S203, carry out about the whether decision outside 90 ° of tower angle.If make sure decision at step S203, then operation forwards step S205 to, and to show the pre-fitting operation screen that reduces at display unit 30 places, promptly the tower in Figure 35 to 41 rises function screen.When finishing when tower that the instruction that provides in screen carries out being provided rising operation, operation forwarding step S206 to.At step S206, be shown in the screen (seeing Figure 42) that cantilever reduces the first step in the operating process at display unit 30 place's indicator gauges.

(P27, the 2nd section)

Be noted that promptly, the tower angle is 90 ° if make negative decision in step S203, then operation forwarding step S206 to, to be shown in the screen (seeing Figure 42) that cantilever reduces operating process at display unit 30 place's indicator gauges.

When unclamping cantilever 3 when realizing predetermined boom angle in step S206, operation forwards step S207 to, and whether to operate " assembling/take apart key ", promptly the O key 45, decision.If make sure decision in step S207, then operation forwards step S208 to, to be shown in the screen (Figure 43 to 46) that cantilever reduces the later step in the operating process at display unit 30 place's indicator gauges.When finishing when cantilever that the instruction that provides in display screen carries out being provided reducing operation, operation forwarding step S209 to.In step S209, show that at display unit 30 places tower reduces the screen (Figure 47 to 56) of operating process.In case finish and the tower that the instruction that provides in display screen carries out is provided is reduced operation, the operation that reduces fitting operation just finishes.

On the other hand, negate decision if in step S202, make, that is, if tower crane not in operating range, is then operated and is forwarded step S204 to.In step S204, make the decision whether cantilever 3 throws off with tower crane arm 2, the decision whether promptly tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 are under the non-coupled situation.Be in decision under the non-coupled situation if make tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 in step S204, then operation forwards step S208 to, to reduce cantilever 3.If the negative decision of making in step S 204 that cantilever 3 has unclamped and connecting with tower crane arm 2 through connecting device 13, then operation enters step S209, reduces the screen of operating process to show tower.

Be noted that if in step S207, make also the negative decision that key 45 was assembled/taken apart in operation, judge that then the work of hoisting crane will continue, and be presented at the torque limiter screen among Figure 34.

In addition, negate decision if in step S201, make, if promptly construction machinery and equipment is conventional hoisting crane rather than tower crane, then operation forwards step S210 to, reduces the screen of operating process to show crane arm at display unit 30 places.When finishing when crane arm that the instruction that provides in display screen carries out being provided reducing operation, the operation that reduces fitting operation finishes.Be noted that because the fitting operation that must carry out for the conventional hoisting crane of reduction does not have the desired fitting operation complexity of tower crane, so the operating process at display unit 30 places may be optional under the situation of conventional hoisting crane.

(P28, the 1st section)

Explained later when tower crane in operating range and the reduction that shows at display unit 30 places when being 90 ° of the tower angle of tower crane arm with the reduction operation that helps to carry out instruct.When in one of torque limiter of expression in Figure 34 to 36 during options button (key 48), be presented at the display screen among Figure 37 at display unit 30 places.

F: tower rises operation (reducing operation)

Figure 37 represents the guidance that tower rises operation that is used for that the illustration with the tower crane in main screen shows.In inferior screen, show and the similar information that in the torque limiter screen, shows, as swinging radius, tower angle, boom angle and suspended load actual loading and load factor, engine speed, wind speed and direction.Tower rises operation and can provide with the form that for example message " is set to 40 °-50 ° to boom angle ".At this moment, in the illustration of tower crane, show boom angle.In operator tension or unclamp cantilever 3 so that reach 40 ° to 50 ° boom angle, and operation " next one " key (O key 45) afterwards, shows to be switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 38.

In the display screen of representing in Figure 38, the illustration display message with the tower crane of indicating boom angle and tower angle in main screen " rises to 90 ° to tower ".When tower crane arm 2 for example was raised to 88 ° predetermined tower angle, the demonstration at display unit 30 places was switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 39.

In the display screen of in Figure 39, representing, in main screen with the illustration display message " 90 ° of pulleying are coming " of tower crane of 88 ° of tower angles of indication.When further rising tower crane arm 2 in this state, the tower angle that is presented at display unit 30 places reaches be switched to the image of representing of being caught by pick up camera before 90 ° immediately in Figure 40.

(P28, final stage)

The operator who catches image of the peripheral region of the limit switch that is used for 90 ° of pulleying detections that shows in the main screen of observation in Figure 40 confirms that limit switch has been pressed and the tower angle of tower crane arm 2 has reached 90 °.In case the tower angle reaches 90 °, just activate 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist of tower and drive, and be switched to the display screen of in Figure 41, representing in the demonstration at display unit 30 places with the tension that stops tower crane arm lifter winch 4.

In the display screen of in Figure 41, representing, in main screen with the illustration display message " because 90 ° of pulleying stopped tower automatically " of the tower crane of 90 ° of tower angles of indication.Like this, tower rises the Operating Guideline end.If reduce cantilever 3 later on, then the operator is chosen in " next one " key (O key 45) that shows in the display screen of representing among Figure 41, to move forward to the display screen that the cantilever of representing reduces operating process in Figure 42.

G: cantilever reduces operation (reduce and instruct)

The cantilever represented in Figure 42 reduces in the Operating Guideline screen, in main screen with the illustration display message " unclamping cantilever is 15 ° up to boom angle " of tower crane.In inferior screen, show and those similar amounts etc. of indication tower crane states in Figure 41.Be noted that the illustration of the tower crane that shows and boom angle change by the progress of the unclamp operation of reflection cantilever 3 in main screen.

Released when reaching 15 ° boom angle when cantilever 3, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 43.In Figure 43, a piece of news " pressed and assemble/take apart key " be presented on the entire display screen curtain in the ejection mode..When the operator presses assembling/disengagement key (O key) 45 at input media 40 places during at this screen display, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the display screen that shows among Figure 44.

In Figure 44, the illustration display message with tower crane in main screen " unclamps cantilever to connecting device, guarantees that simultaneously suspension hook does not touch ground ".Cantilever 3 is lowered, and becoming up to it connects with tower crane arm 2, and simultaneously operator's suspension hook (not shown) of with the naked eye guaranteeing to be suspended on the front end of cantilever 3 is not touched ground.Be noted that the illustration indication cantilever 3 in the main screen of representing has been lowered to-36 ° angle in Figure 44.When cantilever 3 is further reduced when reaching-90 ° boom angle, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 45.

(P29, final stage)

In Figure 45, in main screen with the illustration display message " the cantilever lock pawl of with the naked eye confirming connecting device meshes " of tower crane of-90 ° of boom angles of indication.At this moment, in inferior screen, be presented at state, engine speed, wind speed, wind direction of tension variation degree in cantilever elevation cable 11 and the crane arm lifting cable 5, connecting device 13 etc., rather than swinging radius, tower angle, boom angle and load.Before being engaged on the cantilever lock pawl 13c at connecting device 13 places, in inferior screen, show " connecting device disengagement ".After confirming that with the naked eye cantilever lock pawl 13c has meshed, the operator selects " next one " key (O key 45).

The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to be switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 46.If cantilever lock pawl 13c meshes, show in the inferior screen of then in Figure 46, representing " connecting device engagement ".Like this, cantilever reduces the Operating Guideline end.After, if reduce tower crane arm 2, then the operator is chosen in " next one " key (O key 45) that shows in the display screen of representing among Figure 46, to move forward to the display screen that tower that ejection represents reduces operating process in Figure 47.

H: tower reduces operation (reduce and instruct)

The tower of representing in Figure 47 reduces in the Operating Guideline screen, " carries out main lifting unclamp operation and suspension hook is reduced to ground " with the illustration display message in main screen.In inferior screen, show and similar quantity of state etc. in Figure 46.The operator carries out the unclamp operation of hook lifting winch 15 by the instruction of following in the guidance that shows, and selects " next one " key (O key 45) after the suspension hook (not shown) is set up on the ground.The operation of response " next one " key 45, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 48.

(P30, the 4th section)

In Figure 48, show below message with illustration in main screen: " tower reduces operation and begins now.Guarantee that the cantilever hanger rope can not become too tightly or pine too in this operating period ".The operator who has checked this message is chosen in " next one " key (O key 45) in the bottom of display screen.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to be switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 49.

In Figure 49, in main screen with the illustration display message " reduction tower " of the tower crane of indication tower angle.The operator carries out unclamp operation by means of tower descending operation lever, to reduce tower crane arm 2 in any variation of checking the cable tension that shows in inferior screen.At this moment, the operator suitably operates the cantilever elevation operating lever, so that the tension force of cantilever messenger cable 8 is remained on normal value.Be noted that the illustration in main screen changes, with the progress of the reduction operation that reflects tower crane arm 2.When reducing tower crane arm 2 when for example reaching 70 ° predetermined tower angle, show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 50, representing.

In Figure 50, the illustration display message with the tower crane of indicating 70 ° of tower angles in main screen " stops tower and reduces operation ".When the operator responds this message and stops the reduction operation of tower crane arm 2 and select " next one " key (O key 45), show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 51, representing.

In Figure 51, in main screen with the illustration display message of crane main body 1 " setting of tower lifting pad is put in place and move forward ".Respond this message, operator (1) drives crane main body 1 to front and (2) that tower lifting pad is placed on crane main body 1 forward so that crane main body 1 is arranged on the tower lifting pad.When crane main body 1 is positioned on the tower lifting pad and operator when selecting " next one " key (O key 45), show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 52, representing.

In Figure 52, the illustration with tower crane in main screen shows below message: " reduce tower, and stop 200 to 300mm the time on the ground when the front end of pivoted lever ".Be noted that this illustration represents that tower crane arm 2 has been lowered the tower angle to reach 10 °.When following instruction in message the front end of pivoted lever is reduced on the ground 200 to 300mm point, the operator stops to reduce tower crane arm 2, and selects " next one " key (O key 45) then.The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to be switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 53.Be noted that on the ground assist operator etc. confirms in the front end of pivoted lever and the distance between the ground.

In Figure 53, in main screen, " base plate is placed on below the front end of pivoted lever, and front end is reduced on the base plate " with the illustration display message of tower crane.By following the instruction in this message, operator (1) is positioned at base plate below the front end of pivoted lever 7 and (2) reduce tower crane arm 2 so that the front end of pivoted lever 7 is arranged on the base plate.When the front end of pivoted lever 7 is lowered on the base plate and operator when selecting " next one " key (O key 45), show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 54, representing.

(P31, final stage)

In Figure 54, in main screen with illustration display message " operation cantilever elevation lever is to unclamping side, and cantilever is lacked cable be reduced on the short cable support ".The operator drives cantilever elevation winch 10 so that it unclamps by operation cantilever elevation operating lever, and short cable device 12 is reduced on the short cable support (not shown).Then, the operator selects " next one " key (O key 45).The operation of response " next one " key 45 shows to be switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 55.

In Figure 55, in main screen, " the bulging blocking device that is used for each drum is set to " engagement " with the illustration display message.When the bulging blocking device of each winch drum is set under the lock-out state, and the operator is when selecting " next one " key (O key 45), and demonstration is switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 56.

In Figure 56, in main screen, show below message: " reduce to instruct and finish.Thank you.Cut off the electricity supply and before taking apart, connect short-circuit plug.Press and instruct key " to rise operation.By means of the display screen of representing in Figure 56 that shows at display unit 30 places, the operation that reduces Operating Guideline finishes.If what the operator operated in input media 40 places in the screen in being presented at Figure 56 instructs key (key) 48, menu screen is instructed in the rise that then is presented among Fig. 5.

Be noted that by follow the instruction that provides in the Operating Guideline is being provided reduce operation in when the tension value of any cable becomes unusual, show such as the alarm screen of in Figure 23, representing with alert operator.In addition, when driving engine just rotates, carry out the fitting operation such as rising operation and reduction operation of above explanation usually under low speed, and thereby, if engine speed surpasses desired speed, then can show the alarm screen.In addition, if cable tension becomes unusually,, then can use audio frequency message and text message alert operator if perhaps engine speed becomes too high.The alarm of output can provide with the form of audio frequency message except that buzzer phone and bell when prevention sytem for overhoist activated.

(P32, final stage)

The operator is chosen in the break key (△ key) that shows in the display screen bottom, with suspend above detailed explanation, follow the operating process that in any of Fig. 5 to 56, shows and instruct in the current operation of carrying out.If in given display screen, operate in the △ key 47 at input media 40 places, then show to be switched to the torque limiter screen of in Figure 34, representing.Distributing to wherein, the number of operation disruption key (△ key) 47 is stored among the EEPROM 21 of controller 20, if and the operator is chosen in and instructs key (key) 48 in the torque limiter screen among Figure 34, then show once more just be transformed into the guide screen that shows before the torque limiter screen.In addition, if suspend the fitting operation that carries out together with the corresponding installation guide that in display screen, shows and cut off the electricity supply, if perhaps owing to power cut-offs such as interim interruptions, the number of then distributing to display screen when power supply disconnects is stored among the EEPROM 21 of controller 20.As a result, when passing through once more energized recovery fitting operation, be presented at the installation guide that has shown before the power cut-off, to allow from this some recovery fitting operation.

Figure 59 present display unit 30 places of operation support device in the present embodiment that show with the content corresponding display screen of various serviceability.In Figure 59, the crucial displaying contents that must show at display unit 30 places indicates

, indicate O and simply be recommended in the displaying contents that display unit 30 places show.

As shown in Figure 59, the screen that shows at display unit 30 places is grouped into and rises guide screen, operating range screen and reduce guide screen.Rise guide screen and further be divided into A) rise guide screen, B in advance) tower rises guide screen and C) cantilever rises guide screen.On the other hand, reduce guide screen and be divided into F) tower rises guide screen, G) cantilever reduces guide screen and H) tower reduces guide screen.Following is the explanation of the displaying contents that shows at display unit 30 places in each screen.

(P33, the 4th section)

A: the pre-rise instructed

Pre-rise check during (A1), in main screen, show the details of the inspection such as main body is checked, as previous explanation as shown in Fig. 6 to 9.In inferior screen, show the information that indication cantilever elevation cable tension is whether too low or too high with the information of engagement/release position of indication connecting device.In addition, can the display reminding operator in inferior screen confirm clutch tube be connected to tower side, drg mode selecting key be set at latched position, and the automatic brake of assistance for lifting drg mode selector switch be in the instruction that connects.By doing like this, drg mode selector key is maintained at blocking device, and assistance for lifting drg mode selector switch is maintained under the ON state, thereby does not also allow cantilever to fall even clutch tube is connected to crane side.

When checking the operation of each prevention sytem for overhoist (A2), in main screen, show the instruction that is used for checking suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist, overload preventing device etc., as shown in Figure 10 to 16.In these screens, in inferior screen, can show the image of catching of the limit switch peripheral region that is used for pulleying detection etc., to show the serviceability of corresponding prevention sytem for overhoist or overload preventing device.

B: tower rises and instructs

In lifting/rise operating period (B1), in main screen with engine speed being set to real-time posture and the real time operation guide that low instruction shows tower crane, as shown in Figure 18 to 20.The rotary state that also can show in addition, the winch drum.At this moment, also can whether too low or too high in inferior screen with indication cantilever cable tension, whether connecting device be under engagement or the release position, and engine speed, show that indication tower lifting cable tension is whether too low or be in information under the error state.Be noted that if engine speed surpasses predetermined value, then can show alarm.Replace showing engine speed is set to low instruction,, then can show alarm if engine speed is higher.

(P34, the 2nd section)

When the tower angle reaches 70 ° (B2), in main screen, show the instruction of removing tower lifting pad, as reference Figure 21 explains.Because if wind speed increases then crane main body 1 possibility overturning when the front end of tower crane arm 2 is set at remarkable height place, so in inferior screen, show wind speed and direction.If wind speed surpasses predetermined value, then can in display screen, show alarm.

When tower crane arm enters 90 ° when crossing volume states (B3), in main screen, show the image that is used for the limit switch peripheral region that 90 ° of pulleying survey of catching by pick up camera, check the serviceability of limit switch to allow the operator, as shown in Figure 26.

C: cantilever rises and instructs

When discharging connecting device (C1), in main screen, show the instruction that is used for discharging connecting device 13, as shown in Figure 28 and 29.At this moment, in inferior screen, show the whether information under engagement or release position of indication connecting device 13.

Rise operating period (C2) at cantilever, in main screen,, show the real-time posture and the real time operation guide of tower crane, as shown in Figure 30 with engine speed being set to low instruction.In addition, the rotary state that also shows the winch drum.Show in inferior screen whether indication cantilever elevation cable tension too low or too high, whether crane arm lifting cable tension too low or be under the error state, the information of engine speed, wind speed and wind direction.

D: operating range

When checking the operation of each prevention sytem for overhoist (D1), in main screen, show the instruction that is used for checking suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist, overload preventing device etc., as shown in Figure 32 and 33.In these screens, in inferior screen, can show the serviceability of prevention sytem for overhoist or overload preventing device.

During hoisting crane work (D2), in main screen, show the rotary state of torque limiter screen or winch drum, as shown in Figure 34 to 36.Also can show the image of rear side that catch by pick up camera, crane main body or the image of winch drum.In inferior screen, show by torque limiter load calculated factor, engine speed, wind speed and wind direction.

(P35, the 2nd section)

F: tower rises and instructs

Rise operating period (F1) at tower, in main screen,, show the real-time posture and the real time operation guide of tower crane, as shown in Figure 37 to 39 with engine speed being set to low instruction.The rotary state that also can show in addition, the winch drum.Show that in inferior screen indication tower lifting cable tension is whether too low or be under the error state, the information of wind speed and wind direction.Also can indicate engine speed.

Cross volume state following time (F2) when tower crane arm enters 90 °, in main screen, show the image in the limit switch zone on every side that is used for 90 ° of pulleying detections of catching, as shown in Figure 40 by pick up camera.

G: cantilever reduces guidance

Reduce operating period (G1) at cantilever, in main screen,, show the real-time posture and the real time operation guide of tower crane, as shown in Figure 42 with engine speed being set to low instruction.The rotary state that also can show the winch drum.Show in inferior screen whether indication cantilever elevation cable tension too low or too high, the information of wind speed and wind direction.

When regulating height under hook (G2), the demonstration instruction relevant with height under hook guarantees that with prompting operation person suspension hook is not arranged on the ground in main screen, shown in Figure 44 of previous explanation.

When the engagement connecting device (G3), idsplay order confirms that with prompting operation connecting device 13 has meshed in main screen, as shown in Figure 45 and 46.In inferior screen, show the information whether indication connecting device 13 is under engagement or the release position.

H: tower reduces guidance

Reduce operating period (H1) at tower, in main screen,, show the real-time posture and the real time operation guide of tower crane, as shown in Figure 50 with engine speed being set to low instruction.The rotary state that also can show in addition, the winch drum.Show in inferior screen whether indication cantilever elevation cable tension too low or too high, whether crane arm lifting cable tension too low or be under the error state, the information of wind speed and wind direction.

When the tower angle reaches 70 ° (H2), in main screen, show the instruction of placing tower lifting pad, as the previous explanation of reference Figure 51.

(P36, the 1st section)

When suspension hook being arranged on the ground (H3), in main screen, show suspension hook is arranged on instruction on the ground, as shown in Figure 47.

The display screen of representing in Fig. 5 to 56 is represented an example of the display screen that can show at display unit 30 places of the operation assisting device of present embodiment simply, and actual display screen can adopt different-format, as long as be displayed at least displaying contents in the table that presents among Figure 59 accordingly with each serviceability.In addition, when the operating process guidance is provided as the message that shows in main screen, also can be used as audio frequency message and export same guidance.

The tower angle of tower crane arm 2 needn't be 70 ° exactly when showing the instruction that is provided with or removes tower lifting pad, as long as the tower angle is near 70 °.In addition, can revise the instruction that is provided with or removes tower lifting pad accordingly with the state that is installed to the front attachment on the crane main body 1.For example, when the tower crane arm 2 with less tower boom length by from raked floor or when being reduced to ground, can save guidance, thereby not promote the danger of the rear side of crane main body 1 by the weight of tower crane arm 2 about tower lifting pad.

In addition, can the display operation process at the display screen place of display unit 30 or the operation process status be bright inventory at a glance so that allow the operator during fitting operation, to check the operating process of given fitting operation or operate process status.Figure 61 represents the inventory of the operating process of the fitting operation that presents with tree-shaped form.Figure 62 to 65 is presented on display unit 30 places operating process that can show and the example of operating process status.

The install operation process that shows in the screen of representing in Figure 62 comprises and rise to instruct and reduce and instruct, and makes indication icon in display screen indicate current selection to rise pre-rise inspection in instructing.When the operator was chosen in " settings " key (O key) 45 at input media 40 places by means of the screen in Figure 62 that shows at display unit 30 places, demonstration was switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 63, to be illustrated in the project that will check in the pre-rise inspection.For any other operation, for example, tower rises operation, and the operator is chosen in " setting " key (O key) in the display screen of representing among Figure 62, with the inventory of display operation process steps.Showing of a kind of like this inventory helps the operator operation and the flow process of the operating process step of given fitting operation certainly.

Otherwise, in the inferior screen at display unit 30 places, can show the inventory of operating process step of the fitting operation of selection all the time, as shown in Figure 64.In Figure 64, light current installation steps, for example brake verification is determined the current state of the process of whole erection operation to help the operator.The inventory that can show alternatively, the operating process step of the fitting operation that shows in the inferior screen that replaces in Figure 64 with the tree-shaped form of representing among Figure 65.A kind of like this demonstration allows the operator easily to determine the current generation of the process in the whole erection operation.

(P37, the 2nd section)

The distortion of-the first embodiment-

In embodiment described above, instruct as the pre-performance review of conduct expression in Figure 32 and 33, the inventory that shows safety device and inspection item at display unit 30 places, and when the operator selects " details " key, as shown in Figure 12 to 16, show and the corresponding specific inspection details of given safety device.Now, be explained with reference to the drawings pre-performance review and instruct another example that shows.

After finishing the rise guidance, when display unit 30 places were presented at the display screen of representing among Figure 31, the operator selected " next one " key (O key) 45 o'clock, showed the display screen that is switched to the pre-performance review guidance of representing in Figure 66.Figure 66 be illustrated in show on the entire display screen curtain, list safety device, i.e. overload preventing device, suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist, cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist, 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist of tower and cat head point prevention sytem for overhoist, the inspection menu.If the operator is chosen in " inventory " key (key 48) that shows in the bottom of display screen, then show the inventory that is switched to the inspection item that to check accordingly with each safety device, as the inventory of in Figure 32, representing.

When the operator selects safety device with " selection " key (arrow key 41 or 43 up or down), and operating in the safety device represented among Figure 66 checks and " settings " key (O key) 45 o'clock in the menu screen shows that at display unit 30 places the detailed inspection operating process of the safety device that is used to select is instructed.If select " overload preventing " and in Figure 66, operate O key 45, then show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 67, representing.On the other hand, if operation " next one " key (X key) 46, then demonstration is switched to the torque limiter screen, as the screen of representing in Figure 34, and does not show any detailed checked operation process instruction.

(P37, final stage)

In Figure 67, show below message, as the checked operation process instruction that is used for the overload preventing device.

Check alarm function and automatic hold function.

Press the alarm of O key and ring the automatic danger signal of output after 3 seconds and 6 seconds.Confirm operation response lever tension driving and fall to drive to stop

In addition, the chart that in display screen, shows load factor.In this example, chart indication load factor is 3%.When the operator pressed O key 45 at input media 40 places, the inspection of overload preventing device began, and is switched to the screen of representing in the demonstration at display unit 30 places in Figure 68.Be noted that response " returns " operation of key (X key) 46, show to turn back to the display screen of in Figure 66, representing.

Be presented in the display screen of representing among Figure 68 with those identical message among Figure 67.Chart indication load factor is 50%, and shows that indication not only do not exported alarm but also do not exported the detecting process mark of machine ringing.

After the inspection of overload preventing device begins 3 seconds, show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 69, representing.Display screen indication alarm in Figure 69 has been exported and load factor is 95%.The operator confirms to export for overload preventing device alarm indicated in demonstration.

After checking beginning 6 seconds, demonstration was switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 70.Screen display indication alarm in Figure 70 all has been output with automatic danger signal and load factor is 100%.Operator's operational tower lifting lever, cantilever elevation operating lever and suspension hook tension operating lever, and confirm that the tension driving of hook lifting winch, the driving of unclamping of unclamping driving and cantilever elevation winch 10 of tower crane arm lifter winch 4 all stop.

When after the operator is confirming the operation correctly of overload preventing device, operating O key 45, show and transfer to the display screen that next inspection and guide are provided, as shown in Figure 71.Note, the operation of " interruption " key (X key) 46 in the display screen that response is represented in Figure 68 or 69, show and turn back to the demonstration of in Figure 67, representing, and the operation of " interruption " key (X key) 46 in the screen display that response is represented in Figure 70 shows to turn back to the demonstration of representing in Figure 66.

In Figure 71, in display screen, show below message: " the tower angle is set to 80 ° and boom angle is set to 50 °, and the tension suspension hook contacting with weight up to it " so that the operating process that is used for checking suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist instruction to be provided.In addition, in screen, show the tower crane of the tower angle (A1) comprise instruction tension suspension hook and boom angle (A2) simple illustration, and the pulleying of indication suspension hook also do not have the mark of generation.When the operator entered volume state by the instruction tension suspension hook and the suspension hook that provide are provided in message provides, when weight is raised, show to be switched to the screen of in Figure 72, representing.

(P38, final stage)

Show below message in the display screen of in Figure 72, representing.

Activated the suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist.

Check following operation by operation respective operations lever.

(stopping automatically)

The suspension hook tension

Tower unclamps

Cantilever unclamps

＜alarm 〉

Bell

In addition, show in screen that the tension of indication suspension hook drives, tower crane arm unclamps and drives and cantilever unclamps the mark that the illustration that drives the tower crane that stops and the pulleying of indication suspension hook have taken place.The operator follow in message confirmation command each drive that operation has stopped and the alarm the tinkle of bells is output.When after the operator is confirming the operation correctly of suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist, operating O key 45, show to move forward to the display screen that next inspection and guide are provided, as shown in Figure 73.Be noted that the operation of " returning " key (X key) 46 in the display screen that response represents in Figure 71 or 72, show the display screen that turns back in Figure 66.

In Figure 73, in display screen, show below message so that the operating process instruction that is used for checking cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist to be provided.

The tower angle is set to 80 °, and when cantilever entered volume state, operation release-push and lifting cantilever became about 67 ° (final pulleying angles) up to boom angle.

Carry out the cantilever elevation operation with jogging speed.

In addition, in display screen, show the tower crane of the instruction comprise indication tower angle (A1) and boom angle (A2) and also to comprise the lifting cantilever simple illustration, and the summit pulleying of indication cantilever also do not have the mark of generation.Be noted that when boom angle to become when equaling a predetermined value less than summit pulleying angle that for example 65 ° the time, the state of cantilever pulleying takes place.When the operator by following instruction lifting cantilever in message with the pulleying angle that culminates, and cantilever shows to be switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 74 when entering volume state.

Show below message in the display screen of in Figure 74, representing.

Activated cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist.

Check following operation by operation respective operations lever.

(stopping automatically)

The suspension hook tension

Tower unclamps

The cantilever tension

(alarm)

Bell

Buzzer phone

(P40, the 1st section)

In addition, show that in screen the tension of indication suspension hook drives, tower crane arm unclamps driving and the cantilever tension drives the illustration of the tower crane that stops and the mark that the pulleying of indication suspended vertex has taken place.Each driving operation of confirmation command that the operator follows in message has stopped and alarm bell and alarm buzzer sounding.

Even reached for example 12 ° or littler predetermined value by lifting up to the relative angle of tower angle and boom angle if work as cantilever, promptly become 68 ° or when more ambassador's tower angle is 80 ° up to boom angle, do not activate cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist yet, then, show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 75, representing by following the instruction in the display screen in Figure 73.In the display screen of in Figure 75, representing,, eject and show that alert message " does not activate cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist " with message " possible reason is included in the unusual of limit switch place and unusual in cantilever backstop striker angle is provided with ".If the operator is chosen in the X key 46 among Figure 75, then show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 76, representing.

In the display screen of in Figure 76, representing, " carry out tower afterwards and reduce operation cantilever being reduced to security standpoint (is 60 ° or littler up to boom angle), and proofread and correct unusual then " with the illustration display message of tower crane.If the operator is chosen in the X key 46 in this display screen, then show to turn back to the display screen of in Figure 66, representing.

When operating O key 45 after cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist operation in the display screen that the operator is confirming to represent is correct in Figure 74, operation forwards the display screen that shows the inspection and guide that are used to remain safety device to.At the residue safety device, be 90 ° of prevention sytem for overhoist of tower and cat head point prevention sytem for overhoist, the checked operation process instruction in, in the guidance of the suspension hook prevention sytem for overhoist of expression at Figure 71 to 74 and the checked operation process of cantilever summit prevention sytem for overhoist like that, by using illustration and text message demonstration checked operation process.Omission is used for the detailed explanation of the guide screen of safety device.

When rising inspection in advance, the pre-performance review operating process of more than explaining is instructed and also can be provided demonstration.Note, under such a case, assist operator on the ground should be pressed each limit switch to present volume state, so that make the operator can follow the operation of the instruction checking safety device in display screen, because tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 in fact can not liftings during checking pre-the rise.

(P41, the 1st section)

Although give an explaination above with reference to embodiment about an example, but the operations according to the instant invention accessory equipment is not limited to this example and allows numerous variations, in this example, when carrying out fitting operation, if engine speed uprises, then show engine speed is set to the instruction of low value and shows alarm.For example, if engine speed uprises during fitting operation, then can reduce engine speed automatically by (not shown)s such as pulse motors.

In addition, in the inferior screen at display unit 30 places, can indicate crane main body 1 angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal plane.In addition, the display format that can adopt in conjunction with display screen is not limited to display format in the above-described embodiments, but can adopt any other different display format.Promptly, the design of the display screen that the energy change shows at operations according to the instant invention accessory equipment place etc., as long as the information that offers his needs of operator is to operate, this design shows that by amount, tower crane posture and the environmental information with the state of indication tower crane during fitting operation install operation process helps the operator to operate.Wish that operating process, machine posture and quantity of state are instructed to by illustration, text message and audio frequency message, thereby the operator can easily follow instruction.Input media 40 can be integrated with display unit 30, and can be touch panel device.

Although above reference is given an explaination about wherein show the example be used for rising and reduce the install operation process of tower crane at display unit 30 places, but the operations according to the instant invention accessory equipment is not limited to this example, but can be used for showing the construction machinery and equipment that is used for except that tower crane, as the standard hoisting crane, install operation process.That is, the present invention can be used in all types of operation support devices, and these equipment are by helping operator's operation with machine posture and machine state amount with multi-display curtain display operation process.

As described above, the operation support device of Shi Xianing is by using text, illustration, dynamic image etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, display unit 30 places of installing in the operator's of construction machinery and equipment operator's compartment 1a show install operation process and information, as the hoisting crane quantity of state, operator thereby can during fitting operation, check environment around hoisting crane quantity of state, hoisting crane posture and the hoisting crane, with the irregular coiling of the winch that prevents to cause by lax cable, by the cable pulleying cause to the damage of pivoted lever 7 etc.Since the mal of any unusual cable tension, connecting device 13 connects or release etc. by showing or output is instructed to as audio frequency, so with timely mode fully alert operator correct this situation immediately.

(P42, the 1st section)

Tower crane can present specific setting to skip the demonstration in the operating process at display unit 30 places, and perhaps the operator can select to skip the demonstration in the specific operation process at display unit 30 places.For example, can make demonstration rise Operating Guideline, perhaps can skip the demonstration that tower lifting pad instructs from tower by the demonstration of skipping pre-rise checked operation process instruction.Thereby, realize that a kind of practicality and user-friendly operation support device, this operation support device only allow to instruct in the operating process of the display unit 30 display operation person of place actual needs.In addition, installing space can be saved, torque limiter screen and operating process can be shown at these display unit 30 places by using display unit 30.In addition, by show the inventory of install operation process at the display screen place with tree-shaped form, the operator can easily determine the current operation of carrying out.

By showing the information of needs accordingly with current tower crane posture or current operation item, as shown in Figure 59, for example by when the tower angle reaches 70 °, showing wind speed, can effectively utilize limited display zone at display unit 30 places, and simultaneously, can provide needed information to the operator in timely mode.

Because the screen number of distributing to the display screen that is showing when power supply disconnects is recorded in the nonvolatile memory 21, thus by energized again by means of the same screen energy recovery operation (restore funcitons) that is showing when the operation disruption.

(P42, the 3rd section)

Be the advantage that realizes by operating equipment in an embodiment of the present invention below.

(1) the operations according to the instant invention accessory equipment is by using text, it is literal, and message and the display unit 30 place display operation processes of illustration in being installed in operator's operator's compartment 1a, allow the operator to operate by checking the operating process that shows at the read out instrument place, and thereby the operator can easily operate with split hair caccuracy.

(2) because the operating process that is used for fitting operation is displayed on display unit 30 places, so can carry out easier and more reliably with reference to the fitting operation that the operator's hand book of relevant technologies carries out by the operator.

(3) owing to drive and operate the information that construction machinery and equipment needs, for example drive environment information and the information that produces when carrying out when operation, the operator is presented at display unit 30 places with cooresponding operating process, so can operate about the information of construction machinery and equipment easily and exactly by checking.

(4) according to the information of operating environment around the construction machinery and equipment and generation when operation is carried out, be updated in the display screen at display unit 30 places necessarily, and thereby, the operator can operate in height failure-free mode according to real time information.

(5) since operating process instruct and to be included in that display unit 30 places show: specially about how carrying out each operation, for example how to begin to rise operation, instruction; The affirmation project of checking is as the orientation of main body and the serviceability of drg; The inspection item of checking, such as the serviceability of safety device, and operational alarm, for example connecting device is in the alarm under the release position, so the operator can easily and operate highly reliably.

(6) state of indication tower crane, as be used for rising the tension force of the cable of front attachment, amount, this front attachment comprises tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3; By the posture of the construction machinery and equipment of expressions such as tower angle, boom angle and the environmental information that comprises wind speed and direction, be detected, the information that is generated by this detection is displayed on display unit 30 places.Thereby, make the operator can easily check the various types of information relevant with construction machinery and equipment.

(7) owing to show later operating process according to the current posture of construction machinery and equipment, for example when the tower angle reaches 70 ° demonstration about the instruction of tower lifting pad, so that the operator can easily operate by checking correct operating process.

(8) since show at display unit 30 places with at input media, promptly selecting arrangement 40, locate the corresponding operating process of operation carried out, so the operator can select and show any operating process that he wishes.

(9) if construction machinery and equipment in operating range, if promptly relevant work at present radius with radial limits in predetermined allowed band, then torque limiter information is displayed on display unit 30 places.This permission crane operation etc. carries out reposefully, and can utilize the finite space in operator's operator's compartment 1a simultaneously expeditiously.

(10) by in inferior screen, promptly in the part of display screen, with the tree-shaped form inventory of display operation process all the time, the operator can easily determine the accurate status of operation process.Otherwise, can in main screen, show the inventory of the operating process that presents tree-shaped form if necessary, so that the operator can easily determine the operation state of a process.

(11) operating process that shows at display unit 30 places was stored in the nonvolatile memory 21 before power cut-off immediately, and when energized once more, was presented at the operating process of storage in the nonvolatile memory 21 at display unit 30 places.As a result, even when because when interim power cut-off such as interrupting, also can be in some place's recovery operation of interrupt operation.

(12) by means of provide operating process to instruct by audio frequency output and text message, illustration and dynamic image, operation support device allows the operator to check operating process with higher reliability.

(P44, the 1st section)

(second embodiment)

Be the explanation of the operation support device in the second embodiment of the present invention, realized below.The similar of the structure of the operation support device of Cai Yonging and the operation support device of having explained previously with reference to Fig. 3 in first embodiment in a second embodiment.Although the explanation of first embodiment focuses on the demonstration at the tower crane install operation process at display unit 30 places, the transfer of the demonstration from the torque limiter screen to install operation process is given an explaination with reference to second embodiment.

When tower crane is current when presenting work posture, promptly when tower crane dead work, show the torque limiter screen such as in Figure 34, representing at display unit 30 places.In addition, the engine key switch (not shown) at crane main body 1 place is switched on, and shows being provided with after the screen that the tower-type crane operation state is set up wherein is set, and shows the torque limiter screen at display unit 30 places.

In a second embodiment, when display unit 30 places show the torque limiter screen, judge the posture of tower crane, and show the screen that provides with the corresponding operating process of current tower crane posture at display unit 30 places then.

Controller 20 is according to tower angle and boom angle in angular transducer 51 and the detection of 52 places, carry out about the whether decision in operating range of current tower crane, if and the tower crane posture then shows the torque limiter screen at the display unit place in operating range.On the other hand, if the tower crane posture moves to the inoperative scope from operating range, then controller 20 switches to the demonstration at display unit 30 places and the corresponding proper handling process of tower crane posture from the torque limiter screen.Tower crane posture in the inoperative scope is included into a kind of in following three classes.

(1) assembling or the front portion state that lands in advance

When tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 also are not fixed on the crane main body 1 (hereinafter being called pre-assembling posture), as shown in Figure 77, perhaps tower crane arm 2 on being fixed to crane main body 1 and cantilever 3 still on the ground the time (hereinafter be called front portion land state), as shown in Figure 78, tower crane is presented on first kind of posture in the inoperative scope.By surveying on the main body adaptor union 100 whether short-circuit plug 101 be connected to expression in Figure 77 and 78, carry out tower crane and be under the pre-assembled state or be in land decision under the state of front portion.If short-circuit plug 101 is connected on the main body adaptor union 100 as shown in Figure 77, judge then that front attachment also is not fixed on the main body and therefore tower crane be under the pre-assembled state.On the other hand, if short-circuit plug 101 is not connected on the main body adaptor union 100, judge that then front attachment is fixed on the main body.Being noted that this decision is made at controller 20 places carries out.

(2) anterior fixing laying state is arranged

When tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 were fixed on the crane main body 1, tower crane presented second kind of posture in the inoperative scope, and tower crane is current not to be in work posture and the current front portion that also is not in as shown in Figure 78 lands under the state.For example, when since strong wind etc. by unclamping tower crane arm 2 by means of when the cantilever 3 of coupled situation and tower crane arm 2 interrupt crane operation with the crane arm angle that realizes approximate 60 °, tower crane presents this state.As shown in Figure 79, (hereinafter be called anterior fixing placement or idle state are arranged).

(3) transition from operating range to the inoperative scope

Tower crane during from the transition of the posture of work posture to the inoperative scope, is presented on the third posture in the inoperative scope in experience.

(P45, the 4th section)

Be the detailed explanation of the operation of situation operate equipment described above in (1) to (3) that provides with reference to accompanying drawing below.

(1) assembling or the front portion state that lands in advance

Explain with reference to Figure 80 and to be in pre-assembled state under or front portion state following time operating process that lands when tower crane in the demonstration of display unit 30 places.Figure 80 is presented under the pre-assembled state or the diagram of circuit of the flow process of the operating process screen that shows at display unit 30 places under the anterior state that lands.When connecting the engine key switch, the flow process in the diagram of circuit that beginning presents in Figure 80.

If tower crane is in short-circuit plug 101 is connected under the pre-assembled state on the main body adaptor union 100 when connecting the engine key switch, then be presented at the screen of representing among Figure 81 at display unit 30 places.Showing on the entire display screen curtain of representing in Figure 81 can be by following message of reading.

Because short-circuit plug is connected, and removes all settings.If you wish tower crane is arranged under the mode of operation, power cut-off and throw off short-circuit plug at first.

If the operator operates OK key (O key) 45, the then setting located at prevention sytem for overhoist etc. of full scale clearance.Forwardly annex is fixed and after short-circuit plug 101 thrown off, 30 places were presented at the display screen of representing among Figure 82 at display unit.

(P46, the 1st section)

On the other hand, if short-circuit plug 101 is thrown off from main body adaptor union 100 when connecting key switch, then be presented at the display screen of representing among Figure 82.As shown in Figure 82, the table of the parameter of the MODE name of demonstration indication construction machinery and equipment and construction machinery and equipment on the entire display screen curtain.The parameter of construction machinery and equipment for example can comprise following parameter.

Construction machinery and equipment type of subject (crawler crane in this example)

Boom length

Jib-length

Deviation angle

Winch drum type (tower crane arm lifter winch 4 in this example, cantilever elevation winch 10, hook lifting winch 15 etc.)

The operator checks the operating conditions setting in the indication of display unit 30 places, and operation setting changes key (O key) 45 to change the operating conditions setting.Response is provided with the operation that changes key 45, is presented at the display screen of representing among Figure 83.

Figure 83 represents wherein to show the screen that condition setting wherein can be modified on the entire display screen curtain.Be the example that the setting that can show in the screen is set in parameter below.

The crane arm type

Boom length

The existence of the gib of crane arm/do not exist

Jib-length

In order to revise the parameter setting, the operator selects specific setting by operating up or down key 41 or 43, and key 42 or 44 changes the setting of selecting by operating to the left or to the right.In case the setting of regulation is changed, the operator just selects " setting " key (O key) 45.The operation of response " setting " key 45 is presented at the screen of representing among Figure 82 that is used for confirming the operating conditions setting once more.In addition, if the operator also operates in " interruption " key (X key) 46 in the display screen of representing among Figure 83, then show and return the display screen of in Figure 82, representing.

When the operator is chosen in " next one " key (X key) 46 in the display screen of representing among Figure 82, show to be switched to the torque limiter screen of in Figure 34, representing.At this moment, controller 20 is according to the posture of the acquisition of signal tower crane that is provided by crane arm angular transducer 51 and boom angle sensor 52.If the tower angle is essentially 0 ° and tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 all is placed on the ground, as shown in Figure 78, then controller 20 switches to the display screen of representing showing from the torque limiter screen among Figure 84.

(P47, the 2nd section)

In the display screen of representing in Figure 84, ejecting demonstration on the torque limiter screen can be by the message of reading below.

For taking outage source and connection short-circuit plug apart.For rising operation, press and instruct key.

If the operator wishes to rise tower crane arm 2, then he instructs key (key) 48 by the instruction manipulation of following in message.When Operating Guideline key 48, show to be switched to the rise guide screen of in Fig. 5, representing.Owing to explained in detail as instructing, so omit its explanation here in rise as shown in Fig. 5 and the later figure, that provide with reference to first embodiment.After pre-rise is checked, tower rise operation is carried out in the instruction that provides in rising guidance and cantilever rises operation by following, and the posture of tower crane is set in the operating range, shows the screen that indication rise guidance finishes, as the screen of representing in Figure 31.When the operator operates in " next one " key (O key) 45 in the screen of representing among Figure 31, show to be switched to the torque limiter screen of in Figure 34, representing.

The operation of the Menu key that response is represented in Figure 34 (O key) 45 shows to be switched to the display screen of representing in Figure 85.Figure 85 is illustrated in the popup menu that shows on the torque limiter screen, and this menu for example comprises following menu item.

Operating conditions

Check

The operating range limit

Loading liquifier

0 adjusting

Clock

Operating manual

The operator is by operating key 41 or 43 choice menus projects up or down, and operation " setting " key (O key) 45 then.For example, if he selects " inspection " and operation " setting " key 45, show that then being switched to the prevention sytem for overhoist operation of representing in Figure 32 checks screen.The operator carries out pre-performance review by the instruction that provides in the display screen in Figure 32 is provided to prevention sytem for overhoist then.If wrong in prevention sytem for overhoist, then show the selection screen that allows the operator to indicate whether to carry out failure diagnosis, as the screen of in Figure 60, representing.Owing to explained operation how to confirm the prevention sytem for overhoist operation in detail with reference to first embodiment, so repetition of explanation is not provided.

(P48, the 1st section)

When the operator operates in " returning " key (X key) 46 in the screen of representing among Figure 32, show to be switched to the torque limiter screen of in Figure 34, representing.Operator's walking crane operation then, by check the quantity of state of the tower crane that shows in the torque limiter screen, the posture of assurance tower crane can not enter the inoperative scope and overload can not take place simultaneously.Be noted that at each bottom place of above-mentioned display screen, show all the time a help assignment key (? key is represented), to allow the operator by the corresponding operating manual of screen or the operating instruction manual of operation help assignment key demonstration with current demonstration.For example, if the operator operates the help assignment key in the torque limiter screen of representing in being presented at Figure 32, then show and the corresponding operating manual screen of torque limiter screen, as the screen of in Figure 86, representing.

In the display screen of in Figure 86, representing, show the message such as following.

This is the torque limiter screen of indication machine state.Keep screen display to carry out hoisting crane work simultaneously.

Pressing in the torque limiter screen " ← " mainly promotes operation and shows to switch to.... (continued)

If the operator is chosen in the page or leaf on ﹠ off switch (→ key) 42 in the screen, then show to be switched to the display screen of in Figure 87, representing.

In Figure 87, show the message such as following.

Press " → " and show (have only and when by means of auxiliary boom or cantilever operation construction equipment, just show " ← " and " → ") to switch to the service hoisting operation

Press (O) and be used for demonstration is switched to the menu of torque limiter subfunction screen with ejection.... (continued)

The explanation of the later operating manual screen of representing is followed in omission in Figure 87.

The upper right side of the operating manual screen of expression shows corresponding page number in Figure 86 and 87, and the operator can be by the demonstration of operation page or leaf on ﹠ off switch (arrow key to the left or to the right) 42 or 44 blocked operation handbook screens.In addition, if operator's operation " returning " key (X key) 46 then shows and return the torque limiter screen of representing in Figure 34.

(P48, final stage)

(2) anterior fixing laying state is arranged

Secondly, explain when the tower crane posture is in that with reference to Figure 88 the operating process in the demonstration of display unit 30 places of anterior fixing laying state following time is arranged.Figure 88 presents the diagram of circuit that is in the flow process that the operating process screen that anterior fixing laying state following time shows at display unit 30 places is arranged when tower crane.When connecting the engine key switch, the flow process of representing in the diagram of circuit in Figure 88 begins.

Show to be switched and confirm screen (Figure 82), changing parameter screen (Figure 83), torque limiter screen (Figure 34) and menu screen (Figure 85) with the display operation condition setting, as above describe (1) under assembled state in advance or under the state that forwardly lands.When the torque limiter screen was showing, controller 20 was according to the acquisition of signal tower crane posture that is provided by crane arm angular transducer 51 and boom angle sensor 52.

If under the current laying state of in Figure 79, representing of tower crane, then show from the torque limiter screen to be switched to the display screen of among Figure 89, representing.Figure 89 represents as ejecting and the following message of demonstration on the torque limiter screen.

Rise crane arm (to work posture)?

Reduced crane arm (being put on the ground) so that take apart?

The operator selects to rise or reduce crane arm by operation item transfer key (arrow key up or down) 41 or 43, and operates " setting " key (O key) 45 then.If the operator is chosen in " rise " in the screen of representing among Figure 89, show that then being switched to the rise of representing in Fig. 5 instructs menu screen.When finishing when rising operation, show to be switched to the display screen that EO is risen in indication, as the display screen of in Figure 31, representing by the instruction that provides in rise instructing is provided.

On the other hand, if the operator is chosen in " reduction " among Figure 89, then show to be switched to the reduction guide screen of in Figure 37, representing.Owing to the reduction in the display screen of having explained in detail with reference to first embodiment in Figure 37 and later figure is instructed, so omit its explanation.When showing that indication reduces display screen end, that represent that instructs in Figure 56, the operator selects to instruct key (key) 48 o'clock, and menu screen is instructed in the rise of jumping out in Fig. 5.

(P49, final stage)

(3) from allowing the transition of operating range outside allowing operating range

Secondly, explain when of the transition of tower crane posture experience operating process with reference to Figure 90 in display unit 30 demonstrations from operating range to the inoperative scope.Figure 90 presents the diagram of circuit of the flow process of the operating process screen that shows at display unit 30 when operating range moves to the inoperative scope when the tower crane posture.When connecting the engine key switch, the flow process in the diagram of circuit of representing in Figure 90 begins.

Show to be switched and confirm screen (Figure 82), changing parameter screen (Figure 83), torque limiter screen (Figure 34) and menu screen (Figure 85) with the display operation condition setting, as describe (1) in under the pre-assembled state or under the state that forwardly lands and describing (2) in having under the laying state that the front portion fixes.

In the torque limiter screen of representing in being presented at Figure 34, controller 20 is according to the posture of the acquisition of signal tower crane that is provided by crane arm angular transducer 51 and boom angle sensor 52.When the tower crane posture when operating range moves the inoperative scope, show from the torque limiter screen to be switched to the screen that shows with the corresponding operating process of surveying of tower crane posture.

If the tower crane posture enters the inoperative scope, the tower angle of being surveyed by crane arm angular transducer 51 is 90 ° simultaneously, if promptly cantilever 3 released and as a result of the tower crane posture enter the inoperative scope, then be presented at the display screen of representing among Figure 91.Figure 91 represents the following message that shows as ejection on the torque limiter screen.

Tower crane is not in operating range.Rise cantilever.

Press and assemble/take apart key, to reduce cantilever.

If the operator is chosen in assembling in this screen/take key (O key) 45 apart, then this demonstration is switched to the reduction Operating Guideline screen that the cantilever that is used for as shown in figure 44 reduces operation.On the other hand, if cantilever 3 is tightened up and the tower crane posture reenters operating range, then be presented at the torque limiter screen of representing among Figure 34 again.

If the tower angle of surveying at crane arm angular transducer 51 is not 90 °, if promptly tower crane arm 2 released and as a result of the tower crane posture enter the inoperative scope, then be presented at the display screen of representing among Figure 92.Figure 92 represents the following message that shows as ejection on the torque limiter screen.

Tower crane is not in operating range.Rise crane arm.

(P50, final stage)

If tower crane arm 2 is tightened up and the tower crane posture reenters operating range when showing this screen, then be presented at the torque limiter screen of representing among Figure 34 again.Note, because the parameter of operating range and each tower crane changes accordingly, so controller 20 set in advance in use with the screen of in Figure 82, representing in the tower crane parameter that shows corresponding, promptly corresponding with tower boom length, jib-length etc., the operating range of specific tower crane.Also to note, that describes in (2) has anterior fixing laying state down and when tower crane experiences the transition from operating range to the inoperative scope of in (3) description, the operator also can select "? " key is to jump out and the corresponding operating manual screen of the screen of current demonstration.

As explained above, if the tower crane posture is in the inoperative scope when display unit 30 places show the torque limiter screen, then show and the corresponding operating process screen of specific tower crane posture.That is:

(1) if front attachment is placed on the ground, then is presented at the operating process of representing among Figure 84.

(2) if current being in of tower crane has anterior fixing laying state, then be presented at the operating process of representing among Figure 89.

(3) when the tower crane posture when operating range moves the inoperative scope, if the tower angle be 90 ° then be presented at the operating process of representing among Figure 91, if the tower angle is not 90 ° then is presented at operating process among Figure 92.

Although the operating process that above reference second embodiment shows at display unit 30 places when having tower crane arm 2 and cantilever 3 as front attachment tower crane mounted thereto when operation has provided explanation, but the hoisting crane that has only cantilever 3 when operation, be the conventional hoisting crane that crane arm only is installed on it, in time, also can show and those similar operation processes described above.Yet, when the posture of conventional hoisting crane moves to the inoperative scope of describing (3) from operating range, when promptly released and hoisting crane enters the inoperative scope when crane arm, on the torque limiter screen of in Figure 34, representing as ejecting the message that show such as following.

Tower crane is not in operating range.Rise crane arm or press and assemble/take apart key to reduce crane arm.

Be noted that and explaining the display screen represented in the accompanying drawing of embodiment representation example simply with reference to it, and layout and message can change, as long as in screen, submit necessary information.

(P51, final stage)

Be the advantage of the operation support device in the second embodiment of the present invention, realized below.

(1) display unit 30 places of the operation support device of realizing in the second embodiment of the present invention in being installed in operator's operator's compartment 1a show the torque limiter information screen, also by using text and illustration in display unit 30 place's display operation processes.Thereby, make the operator can lead to torque limiter information that check shows at display unit 30 places and operating process and easily and pin-point accuracy ground operate.In addition, because display unit 30 not only had been used for showing torque limiter information but also be used for the display operation process, so can utilize the finite space in operator's operator's compartment 1a efficiently.

(2) according to the posture of construction machinery and equipment, the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to operating process or switching on the contrary from torque limiter information.Owing to show the information that the current state with construction machinery and equipment is complementary by this way at display unit 30 places, so the operator can be easily and needing to carry out the operation carried out reliably under present case.

(3) if the construction machinery and equipment posture not in the operating range that allows, if perhaps the construction machinery and equipment posture has experienced from allowing the transition of operating range outside allowing operating range, then the demonstration at display unit 30 places is switched to and the corresponding operating process of specific construction machinery and equipment posture from torque limiter information.For example, if to be tower crane and front attachment current is placed on the ground for construction machinery and equipment, then show to be used for that front attachment is taken apart or front attachment rises the operating process of operation.If the current fixing laying state in front portion that has of construction machinery and equipment then shows the operating process that is used for straining or reducing tower crane arm 2.On the other hand, when the construction machinery and equipment posture when operating range moves to the inoperative scope, if the tower angle is 90 ° then shows the operating process that is used for straining or reducing cantilever 3, if the tower angle is not 90 ° then shows the operating process that is used for straining tower crane arm 2.As a result, make the operator can be easily and carry out reliably needing the operation carried out accordingly with current tower crane posture.

(4) operating process is instructed and to be comprised: specially about how operating with the tension or the instruction of unclamping tower crane arm 2 etc.; The affirmation project of checking is as the orientation of main body and the serviceability of drg; The project of checking is as the serviceability and the operational alarm of safety device.Owing to be presented at display unit 30 places with the corresponding operating process of current construction machinery and equipment posture or torque limiter information or with corresponding to operating process of carrying out at input media 40 places of operation or torque limiter information, so be presented at the information that needs under the present case, and can select and display operation person desired information.

(5), then show the failure diagnosis screen, so that can carry out failure diagnosis immediately to corresponding safety device etc. at display unit 30 places if detect mistake with respect to inspection item.

(6) when the operator operates the operating manual assignment key, show and the corresponding more detail operations of screen handbook in the display unit current demonstration in 30 places.As a result, the operator can obtain the information of his needs where necessary, and therefore handled easily person's work widely.

(7), then show and the not corresponding operating process of installing condition, to guarantee easily and the operation of height failure-free at display unit 30 places if front attachment is not installed at the construction machinery and equipment place.

(8) owing to be used for the operating process of fitting operation in the demonstration of display unit 30 places, so can be more easily and the install operation process that carries out highly reliably carrying out with reference to the operating manual of relevant technologies by the operator, rise operation and front attachment as front attachment and reduce and operate.

Industrial applicibility

Although to wherein adopting example of the present invention to give an explaination in the operation support device that shows the tower-type crane operation process, the present invention can use equally efficiently with the construction machinery except derrick crane.

Claims

1. operation support device comprises:

Read out instrument is installed in operator's the operator's compartment of construction machinery and equipment, at this read out instrument place, shows the operating process that is used for construction machinery and equipment with text and illustration at least;

Image processing apparatus, it produces image;

Control setup, it makes the image of the corresponding operating process of operation of image processing apparatus generation and construction machinery and equipment, and makes read out instrument show the image that is produced by image processing apparatus; And

The information detection device, it is surveyed and drives and the needed information of operation construction machinery and equipment, wherein:

Control setup makes image processing apparatus produce image according to information of being surveyed by the information detection device and operating process, and the image of image that makes read out instrument display operation process and the information relevant with construction machinery and equipment, and these images are produced by image processing apparatus,

The operating process that it is characterized in that the construction machinery and equipment that shows at the read out instrument place comprises that they are complementary with the information of being surveyed by the information detection device about rising or reduce instruction, the affirmation project that will check, the inspection item that will check and the operational alarm of the front attachment of construction machinery and equipment.

2. operation support device according to claim 1, wherein:

Control setup shows read out instrument to be used for the operating process of fitting operation of rising or reducing the front attachment of construction machinery and equipment.

3. operation support device according to claim 1, wherein:

The image that control setup shows at the read out instrument place according to the information updating of being surveyed by the information detection device.

4. operation support device according to claim 1, wherein:

The information detection device is surveyed posture, and the environmental information of indication construction machinery and equipment surrounding environment of quantity of state, the construction machinery and equipment of indication construction machinery and equipment state.

5. operation support device according to claim 4, wherein:

Control setup makes read out instrument show later operating process according to the posture of the construction machinery and equipment that is detected by the information detection device.

6. operation support device according to claim 1 and 2 also comprises:

Selecting arrangement is chosen in the operating process that the read out instrument place will show, wherein:

Control setup makes read out instrument show the operating process of being selected by selecting arrangement.

7. operation support device according to claim 4, wherein:

When the posture of the construction machinery and equipment that is detected by the information detection device is allowing in the operating range, control setup make read out instrument the display screen place show be applied to construction machinery and equipment on the relevant information (hereinafter being called torque limiter information) of load, rather than operating process.

8. operation support device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein:

Control setup makes the inventory of read out instrument with tree-shaped form display operation process.

9. operation support device according to claim 8, wherein:

Control setup is kept the demonstration of the inventory of operating process all the time at read out instrument part place.

10. operation support device according to claim 8, wherein:

Control setup is the inventory of display operation process on request at the read out instrument place.

11. operation support device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein:

Control setup comprises memory cell, before handle arrives the power cut of construction machinery and equipment, this memory cell is stored in the operating process that the read out instrument place shows immediately in memory device, and when being switched to the electric power of construction machinery and equipment once more, control setup makes read out instrument be presented at the operating process of storing in the memory device at memory cell place.

12. operation support device according to claim 1 and 2 also comprises:

The audio frequency output unit, the operating process of output construction machinery and equipment is instructed as audio frequency.

13. operation support device according to claim 1, wherein:

Read out instrument also show be applied to construction machinery and equipment on the relevant information (hereinafter being called torque limiter information) of load; And

Control setup image processing apparatus is produced provide torque limiter information image and with the image of the corresponding operating process of operation of construction machinery and equipment, and make read out instrument show the image that produces by image processing apparatus.

14. operation support device according to claim 13 also comprises:

The information detection device is surveyed posture, and the environmental information of indication construction machinery and equipment surrounding environment of quantity of state, the construction machinery and equipment of the state of indication construction machinery and equipment, wherein:

Control setup makes image processing apparatus produce an image according to the information that is detected by the information detection device, and make read out instrument show torque limiter information and with the corresponding operating process of the posture of construction machinery and equipment in one.

15. operation support device according to claim 14, wherein:

When in the operating range that the posture of the construction machinery and equipment that is detected by the information detection device is not allowing, perhaps when detect by the information detection device, when the posture of the construction machinery and equipment in allowed band moves on to and allows operating range outer, control setup switches to operating process to the image in the demonstration of read out instrument place from torque limiter information.

16. according to claim 14 or the described operation support device of claim 15, wherein:

The operating process of the construction machinery and equipment that shows at the read out instrument place comprises about instruction how to operate construction machinery and equipment, the affirmation project that will check, the inspection item that will check, reaches operational alarm, and these are complementary with the information that is detected by the information detection device,

This operation support device also comprises selecting arrangement, and this selecting arrangement is selected will be at the image of read out instrument place demonstration; And

Control setup make read out instrument display operation process and with the corresponding torque limiter information of the posture of construction machinery and equipment in one or operating process and the torque limiter information selected by selecting arrangement in one.

17. operation support device according to claim 16, wherein:

When detecting about inspection item wrong, control setup makes read out instrument show the failure diagnosis screen.

18. operation support device according to claim 16, wherein:

The operating process of the construction machinery and equipment that is shown by control setup also comprises operating manual; And

If operating manual is selected by selecting arrangement, then control setup makes the corresponding operating manual of screen of read out instrument demonstration and current demonstration.

19. according to claim 14 or 15 each described operation support devices, wherein:

Whether the information detection device is surveyed front attachment and is installed on the construction machinery and equipment; And

If the information detection device detects front attachment is installed not, then control setup makes read out instrument display operation process.

20. according to claim 13,14 or 15 described operation support devices, wherein:

21. construction machinery and equipment with operation support device according to claim 1 and 2.