CN1641487A

CN1641487A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor and image forming device incorporating same

Info

Publication number: CN1641487A
Application number: CNA2005100042109A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杉村博
Original assignee: Sharp Corp
Current assignee: Sharp Corp
Priority date: 2004-01-14
Filing date: 2005-01-14
Publication date: 2005-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2025-01-14
Also published as: US20050153222A1; US7449269B2; JP2005202022A; CN1641487B; JP3987040B2

Abstract

The invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor capable of producing high quality images even when development is carried out under low electric potential conditions, and also provides an image forming device incorporating such an electrophotographic photoreceptor. In a photosensitive layer 14 of a photoreceptor 1, the mobility of electric charges is 2x10<-6 >cm2/(V.s) or greater at an electric field intensity E of 1x105 V/cm. Further, the slope a in equation 1 representing the mobility of electric charges is 5x10-4 or less in an electric field range of 5x104<E<1x105.

Description

Electrophtography photosensor and imaging device with this photoreceptor

Technical field

The present invention relates to utilize the electrofax mode, be used for the Electrophtography photosensor of printer, facsimile recorder, duplicating machine etc. and imaging device with this photoreceptor.

Background technology

In the imaging device that utilizes the electrofax mode, according to view data charged photoreceptor is carried out illumination, by in and the electric charge of photosensitive surface form electrostatic latent image.Therefore, in the photographic layer of photoreceptor, generally contain by illumination and produce the charge generation material of electric charge and be used to carry the charge transport material of the electric charge of generation.

In having the photoreceptor of above-mentioned photographic layer, wish to move and promptly to carry out by the electric charge of charge transport material.That is, charged to the development treatment of carrying out electrostatic latent image from photoreceptor, the electric charge that produces on photographic layer by illumination moves to photosensitive surface, therefore must eliminate the surface charge of photoreceptor.If the elimination ability drop of surface charge, then reduce by the potential difference (PD) between the non-exposure portion of the exposure portion of exposure light irradiation and not exposure.The reason that the reduction of this potential difference (PD) is the decline that causes image color, background pollution takes place (the dirty れ of flesh).

Therefore, in patent documentation 1～5, proposed by mobility to the electric charge that produces on the photoreceptor regulation photographic layer with above-mentioned photographic layer, thus can be with the imaging device of good image quality imaging.For example, in patent documentation 1～3, to 10 ⁵Charge mobility under the noble potential condition of the V/cm order of magnitude on photographic layer has been made regulation.

In addition, in recent years, improve equal angles, wish under the electronegative potential condition, to carry out development treatment from province's electrification of developing apparatus, the minimizing of consumption of toner, the permanance of photoreceptor.In order to realize this good development treatment under the electronegative potential condition, people try hard to developing apparatus and developer are improved (for example patent documentation 6～10 etc.).For example, in patent documentation 10, disclose,, can improve the permanance of photoreceptor, reduced the imaging device of the developer consumption of per 1 printed article by the developer that use has the regulation colouring power to after fixing, guaranteeing necessary image concentration.

(patent documentation 1)

No. 3227956 communique of Japanese patent gazette (registration on September 7 calendar year 2001) (corresponding United States Patent (USP) 5747208)

(patent documentation 2)

Day disclosure communique spy opens 2000-305289 communique (on November 2nd, 2000 is open) (corresponding United States Patent (USP) 6521386)

(patent documentation 3)

Day disclosure communique spy opens 2003-195536 communique (on July 9th, 2003 is open)

(patent documentation 4)

No. 2833222 communique of Japanese patent gazette (registration on October 2nd, 1998)

(patent documentation 5)

Day disclosure communique spy opens 2001-324825 communique (November 22 calendar year 2001 is open)

(patent documentation 6)

Day disclosure communique spy opens flat 10-83120 communique (on March 31st, 1998 is open)

(patent documentation 7)

Day disclosure communique spy opens 2003-29527 communique (on January 31st, 2003 is open)

(patent documentation 8)

Day disclosure communique spy opens 2003-43783 communique (on February 14th, 2003 is open)

(patent documentation 9)

Day disclosure communique spy opens 2003-167441 communique (on June 13rd, 2003 is open)

(patent documentation 10)

Day disclosure communique spy opens 2000-122355 communique (on April 28th, 2000 is open) (corresponding United States Patent (USP) 6122468)

Yet, for the imaging device of record in the above-mentioned patent documentation 1～10, its not record be fit to the content of the photoreceptor that uses when under the electronegative potential condition, carrying out development treatment.

In general, because the mobility of electric charge depends on electric field in the photoreceptor, if the charged current potential of photoreceptor is under the lower electronegative potential condition, then the mobility of electric charge reduces in the photographic layer.That is to say, under the electronegative potential condition because the mobility of electric charge reduces, thus to the irradiation of photoreceptor between development treatment, the electric charge that produces in photographic layer has the possibility that can not fully move.If under the higher state of the current potential of the exposure portion by exposure light irradiation, carry out development treatment, the potential difference (PD) reduction between this exposure portion and the non-exposure portion that not have to expose by illumination.The reduction of potential difference (PD) is the decline that causes image color, the reason that background pollution takes place.Therefore, form preferable image, must stipulate the mobility of the electric charge on the photographic layer of photoreceptor under the electronegative potential condition in order to be implemented under the electronegative potential condition.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a kind of when under the electronegative potential condition, carrying out development treatment even the present invention aims to provide, also can realize the Electrophtography photosensor of imaging of good image quality and imaging device with this photoreceptor.

In order to address the above problem, the Electrophtography photosensor that the present invention relates to is the Electrophtography photosensor that is formed with the photographic layer that comprises charge generation material and charge transport material at least on support, it is characterized in that, and be 1 * 10 in electric field intensity ⁵Under the V/cm, the mobility of the electric charge in the above-mentioned photographic layer is 2 * 10 ^-6Cm ²/ (Vs) more than, be 5 * 10 simultaneously in the electric field scope ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵In (E represents electric field intensity [V/cm]), represent the mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1) of the charge mobility in the above-mentioned photographic layer

\log μ = a \times \sqrt{E} + b

(mathematical expression 1)

(μ represents the mobility [cm of the electric charge in the photographic layer 14 in the formula ²/ (Vs)], a, b are real number) slope a be 5 * 10 ^-4Below.

By above-mentioned formation,, can guarantee that also the electric charge that produces in the above-mentioned photographic layer has sufficient mobility even set the charged current potential of lower Electrophtography photosensor.Thereby even under the electronegative potential condition, electric charge also can promptly move on the surface of Electrophtography photosensor the short time.Thus, between the exposure area and unexposed area on Electrophtography photosensor surface, can guarantee to have sufficient potential difference (PD).That is to say, use above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor,, also can obtain having sufficient image color, high resolving power and images with high image quality even under the electronegative potential condition, carry out imaging.

In addition,, the present invention relates to imaging device, it is characterized in that: contain above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor in order to address the above problem.

By above-mentioned formation, owing to be provided with the Electrophtography photosensor that contains the good photographic layer of charge mobility, therefore can provide a kind of under the electronegative potential condition, can form preferable image with less developer level, can form the imaging device of low cost and high resolution image.

By the content of following record, can fully understand other purpose, feature and advantage of the present invention.In addition, by reference accompanying drawing and following explanation, can recognize advantage of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is the oblique view of an embodiment of expression Electrophtography photosensor.

Fig. 1 (b) is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor.

Fig. 2 is the schematic side view of an embodiment that expression has the imaging device of above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor.

Fig. 3 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of other embodiment of expression electro-photography apparatus.

Embodiment

Below, according to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, an embodiment of the invention are described.Fig. 1 (a) is the oblique view of the Electrophtography photosensor (calling photoreceptor in the following text) 10 of present embodiment.Fig. 1 (b) is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of this photoreceptor 1.Fig. 2 is the schematic side view of imaging device 2 that expression is provided with the present embodiment of photoreceptor 1.

As shown in Figure 2, above-mentioned photoreceptor 1 is located in the imaging device 2.The drive unit of above-mentioned photoreceptor 1 by not illustrating among the figure is driven in rotation with predetermined circumference speed along arrow R direction, is accompanied by this rotation, forms electrostatic latent image on photoreceptor 1 surface, with this latent electrostatic image developingization.Shown in Fig. 1 (a), above-mentioned photoreceptor 1 becomes the shape of cylinder, forms photographic layer 14 on support 11 surfaces.

Above-mentioned support 11 is formed by conductive material.Can use metals such as aluminium, copper, brass, zinc, nickel, stainless steel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, indium, titanium, gold, platinum as this conductive material and contain alloy material of these metals etc.In addition, as above-mentioned conductive material, can use evaporation or apply mylar, paper or the metal film of aluminium, aluminium alloy, tin oxide, gold or indium oxide etc.; The plastics or the paper that contain electroconductive particle; Contain the plastics of electric conductive polymer etc.These conductive materials can be processed into cylindric, cylindric or the film sheet.

Above-mentioned photographic layer 14 forms from the order lamination of support 11 surperficial sides according to charge generation layer 15, charge transport layer 16.Charge generation layer produces electric charge by rayed.Therefore, shown in Fig. 1 (b), described charge generation layer 15 comprises the adhesive resin (hereinafter referred to as the charge generation layer adhesive resin) 18 that produces the charge generation material 12 of electric charge and combine with this charge generation material 12 by absorbing light.In addition, charge transport layer 16 is accepted the electric charge that produced by charge generation layer 15, with this charge transport to photoreceptor 1 surface.Thus, on photoreceptor 1 surface, the surface charge of exposed areas is neutralized by rayed, forms electrostatic latent image.Therefore, shown in Fig. 1 (b), the adhesive resin (charge transport layer adhesive resin) 17 that above-mentioned charge transport layer 16 comprises the charge transport material 13 of delivered charge and combines with above-mentioned charged species 13.

Even above-mentioned photographic layer 14 under the electronegative potential condition, is 1 * 10 at electric field strength E ⁵During V/cm, the mobility of charge carrier (electric charge) is 2 * 10 ^-6More than the cm/ (Vs), be preferably 3 * 10 ^-6Cm ²/ (Vs) more than so that the neutralization of the surface charge of exposed areas (hereinafter referred to as exposure portion) can be carried out rapidly.In addition, above-mentioned photographic layer 14 is 5 * 10 in the electric field scope of electric field strength E [V/cm] ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵Scope in, represent the mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1) of the carrier mobility in the above-mentioned photographic layer 14

\log μ = a \times \sqrt{E} + b

(mathematical expression 1)

(μ represents the carrier mobility [cm in the photographic layer 14 in the formula ²/ (Vs)], a, b are real number) slope a be 5 * 10 ^-4Below, be preferably 3 * 10 ^-4Below.

As mentioned above, by 1 * 10 ⁵The mobility of electric field intensity download stream of V/cm and 5 * 10 ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵The electric field scope in the slope a of mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1), stipulated the carrier mobility of the photographic layer 14 of above-mentioned photoreceptor 1.By stipulating the carrier mobility under the above-mentioned electric field strength E, even more under the condition of electronegative potential, also can stipulate promptly to eliminate the carrier mobility of the surface charge of exposure portion than above-mentioned electric field intensity.

That is, in general, carrier mobility can be measured and determine by TOF (flight time) method and X-TOF (electrostatic time of flight time) method.Therefore, in order to stipulate the carrier mobility in the photographic layer 14, the carrier mobility that is determined under the required electric field intensity gets final product.Yet under above-mentioned electronegative potential condition, noise is more in the mensuration of the carrier mobility of above-mentioned TOF method and X-TOF method, is difficult to measure exactly carrier mobility.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the carrier mobility of the photographic layer 14 under the electric field strength E is predicted the carrier mobility of photographic layer 14 under the electronegative potential condition with the form shown in the above-mentioned mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1).

That is to say, in the present embodiment,, as mentioned above, stipulated 1 * 10 in order to be defined in the carrier mobility of the photographic layer 14 under the electronegative potential condition ⁵In the time of carrier mobility under the electric field intensity of V/cm, also stipulated 5 * 10 ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵The electric field scope in the slope a of mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1).Thus,,, determine carrier mobility,, be defined in the carrier mobility of photographic layer 14 under the electronegative potential condition based on this carrier mobility can accurately measuring in the electric field region of carrier mobility by above-mentioned TOF method and X-TOF method.Therefore, even for employed photoreceptor 1 under the electronegative potential condition that is difficult to measure by above-mentioned TOF method and X-TOF method, also can predict and stipulate the carrier mobility of photographic layer 14.

As mentioned above, the above-mentioned photoreceptor 1 of formation makes that at electric field strength E be 1 * 10 ⁵Charge carrier (electric charge) mobility of the photographic layer 14 under the V/cm is 2 * 10 ^-6Cm ²/ (Vs) more than, and 5 * 10 ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵Scope in, the slope a of above-mentioned mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1) is 5 * 10 ^-4Below.Thus, in imaging device 2, the position that is exposed from photoreceptor 1 surface is between the position that the electrostatic latent image that photoreceptor 1 surface is formed develops, and the current potential of the exposure portion on photoreceptor 1 surface can be neutralized to below the development bias voltage.

By as above stipulating the carrier mobility of photographic layer 14, can fully guarantee the potential difference (PD) between the exposure portion on above-mentioned photoreceptor 1 surface and the unexposed area (hereinafter referred to as non-exposure portion).Therefore,, when carrying out imaging processing, the preferable image concentration of the toner picture on the transfer paper can be obtained being transferred to, background pollution etc. can also be prevented simultaneously for imaging device 2 (Fig. 2) with above-mentioned photoreceptor 1.

In addition, as the imaging processing under high speed in the imaging device 2 and the imaging processing by small-sized photoreceptor 1 etc., even under the situation short from the time of exposure-processed before the development treatment of electrostatic latent image begins of photoreceptor 1, also can be promptly in and the electric charge on photoreceptor 1 surface.Thereby the imaging processing under can realizing at a high speed, and the miniaturization of imaging device 2.

Then, making has the photographic layer 14 of the slope a of above-mentioned carrier mobility and mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1), shown in Fig. 1 (b), below to comprise charge transport material 13 and charge transport layer with the charge transport layer 16 of adhesive resin 17 and comprise charge generation material 12 and charge generation layer with the charge generation layer 15 of adhesive resin 18, be described in detail.

The charge transport material 13 that comprises in the charge transport layer 16 is so long as can be fit to delivered charge and produce an electric charge and the good materials of carrier mobility that layer 15 produces and get final product.As above-mentioned charge transport material 13, for example can enumerate carbazole derivates oxazole derivant oxadiazole derivant, thiazole, thiadiazoles derivative, triazole derivative, imdazole derivatives, imidazolone derivatives, imidazolidine derivative, two imidazolidine derivatives, compound of styryl, hydrazone compound, polycyclc aromatic compound, indole derivatives, pyrazoline derivative azolactone derivant, benzimidizole derivatives, quinazoline derivant, benzofuran derivatives, acridine derivatives, the azophenlyene derivant, amino stilbene derivatives, the triarylamine derivant, triarylmethane derivatives, phenylenediamine derivative, stilbene derivatives, benzidine derivative etc.In addition, also can use the polymkeric substance that on main chain or side chain, has by the structure of these compound derivings.As this polymkeric substance, for example can enumerate poly-(N-vinylcarbazole), poly-(1-vinylpyrene) and poly-(9-vinyl anthracene) etc.

Further, as above-mentioned charge transport material 13, can enumerate and have as following general formula (1)

Shown in the enamine compound of structure.This enamine compound is owing to have higher charge mobility, so charging property, susceptibility and responsiveness are higher.Even so under the situation of reusing above-mentioned photoreceptor 1, the photoreceptor 1 that also can provide electrical property also can not reduce.Therefore, in above-mentioned charge transport material 13, the above-mentioned enamine compound of preferred especially use.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), Ar ¹And Ar ²Expression can have substituent aryl, maybe can have substituent heterocyclic radical independently respectively.Ar ³Expression can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, can have substituent aralkyl, maybe can have substituent alkyl.Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Represent hydrogen atom respectively independently, can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, can have substituent aralkyl, maybe can have substituent alkyl.But Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Be not hydrogen atom simultaneously.Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Also can interosculate, form ring structure by atom or atomic group.

A represents to have substituent alkyl, can have substituent alkoxy, can have substituent dialkyl amido, can have substituent aryl, halogen atom or hydrogen atom.M represents 1～6 integer, and when m is 2 when above, a plurality of a can be identical or different, and the formation ring structure perhaps interosculates.

R ¹Represent hydrogen atom, halogen atom, maybe can have substituent alkyl.R ², R ³And R ⁴Represent hydrogen atom respectively independently, can have substituent alkyl, can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, maybe can have substituent aralkyl.N represents 0～3 integer, when n is 2 or 3, and a plurality of R ²Can be identical or different, a plurality of R ³Can be identical or different.But when n is 0, Ar ³For having substituent heterocyclic radical.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), as Ar ¹, Ar ², Ar ³, Ar ⁴, Ar ⁵, a, R ², R ³Or R ⁴The aryl of expression can be enumerated, for example phenyl, naphthyl, pyrenyl, anthryl etc. independently of one another.As the substituting group that these aryl can have, for example can enumerate alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl group, trifluoromethyl; Thiazolinyls such as 2-propenyl, styryl; Alkoxys such as methoxyl, ethoxy, propoxyl group; Amido such as methylamino, dimethylamino; Halogen groups such as fluorine-based, chloro, bromo; Aryl such as phenyl, naphthyl; Aryloxy group such as phenoxy group; Arylthios such as sulfo-phenoxy group etc.As having these substituent aryl, for example can enumerate tolyl, methoxyphenyl, xenyl, terphenyl, Phenoxyphenyl, right-(thiophenyl) phenyl, right-styryl phenyl etc.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), as Ar ¹, Ar ², Ar ³, Ar ⁴, Ar ⁵, R ², R ³Or R ⁴The concrete example of the heterocyclic radical of expression can be enumerated, for example furyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl (ベ Application ゾチオ Off ェニ Le), benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl etc. independently of one another.As the substituting group that these heterocyclic radicals can have, can enumerate and aforesaid Ar ¹Deng the aryl of expression the same substituting group of substituting group that can have.As having substituent heterocyclic radical, can enumerate for example N-methyl indol base, N-ethyl carbazole base etc.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), as Ar ³, Ar ⁴, Ar ⁵, R ², R ³Or R ⁴The aralkyl of expression can be enumerated, for example benzyl, 1-naphthyl methyl etc. independently of one another.As the substituting group that these aralkyl can have, can enumerate and aforesaid Ar ¹Deng the aryl of expression the same substituting group of substituting group that can have.As having substituent aralkyl, can enumerate for example right-methoxy-benzyl etc.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), as Ar ³, Ar ⁴, Ar ⁵, a, R ¹, R ², R ³Or R ⁴The alkyl of expression, preferred carbon number are 1～6 alkyl.As this alkyl, can enumerate independently of one another, for example chain-like alkyls such as methyl, ethyl, n-pro-pyl, isopropyl, the tert-butyl group; Naphthenic base such as cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl etc.As the substituting group that these alkyl can have, can enumerate and aforesaid Ar ¹Deng the aryl of expression the same substituting group of substituting group that can have.As having substituent alkyl, for example can enumerate haloalkyls such as trifluoromethyl, methyl fluoride; Alkoxyalkyls such as 1-methoxy ethyl; The alkyl that 2-thienyl methyl etc. are replaced by heterocyclic radical etc.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), as the alkoxy that a represents, preferred carbon number is 1～4 alkoxy, can enumerate methoxyl, ethoxy, positive propoxy, isopropoxy etc.As the substituting group that these alkoxys can have, can enumerate and aforesaid Ar ¹Deng the aryl of expression the same substituting group of substituting group that can have.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), the dialkyl amido of representing as a, preferably with carbon number be 1～4 alkyl replace those.As this dialkyl amido, for example can enumerate methylamino, diethylin, diisopropyl amido etc.As the substituting group that these dialkyl amidos can have, can enumerate and aforesaid Ar ¹Deng the aryl of expression the same substituting group of substituting group that can have.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), as a and R ¹The chlorine atom of expression can be enumerated, for example fluorine atom, chlorine atom etc. independently of one another.

In above-mentioned general formula (1), as in conjunction with Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Atom, can enumerate for example oxygen atom, sulphur atom, nitrogen-atoms etc.Nitrogen-atoms for example is divalent groups such as imino group or N-alkyl imino, can be in conjunction with Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵As in conjunction with Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Atomic group, can enumerate for example alkylidenes such as methylene, ethylidene, methyl methylene; Alkenylene such as ethenylidene, allylidene; Oxygen methylene (chemical formula :-O-CH ₂-) etc. contain heteroatomic alkylidene; The sulfo-alkenylene (chemical formula :-S-CH=CH-) grade contains divalent groups such as heteroatomic alkenylene.

In addition, in charge transport layer 16,, contain charge transport layer adhesive resin 17 in order to obtain associativity.As this charge transport layer adhesive resin 17, preferably good material with the compatibility of above-mentioned charge transport material 13.Specifically, for example can enumerate vinyl polymer resins such as plexiglass, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin and copolymer resin thereof, polycarbonate resin, vibrin, polyestercarbonate resin, polysulfone resin, phenoxy resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, poly-arylide resin (Port リァリレ one ト Trees fat), polyamide, polyether resin, urethane resin, polyacrylamide resin, phenolics etc.In addition, also can use the partial cross-linked thermoset resin of these resins.These resins can only use a kind, also can mix more than 2 kinds and use.

In above-mentioned resin, preferably polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, poly-arylide resin, polyphenylene oxide are used as charge transport layer adhesive resin 17.Reason is that the specific insulation of these resins is 10 ¹³More than the Ω, electrical insulating property is good, and is simultaneously also good at aspects such as film forming (tunicle) and potential properties.

Contained charge transport material 13 and charge transport layer with the content of adhesive resin 17 are in the above-mentioned charge transport layer 16, charge transport material 13 with respect to 1 weight portion, charge transport layer is to get final product more than 1.2 weight portions with the lower limit of the content of adhesive resin 17, more than preferred 1.6 weight portions.In addition, with respect to the charge transport material 13 of 1 weight portion, charge transport layer is to get final product below 3 weight portions with the higher limit of the content of adhesive resin 17, below preferred 2.3 weight portions.

If with respect to the charge transport material 13 above-mentioned charge transport layers of 1 weight portion with adhesive resin 17 contain quantity not sufficient 1.2 weight portions, then the abrasion value of photographic layer 14 increases, the wearing quality reduction.On the other side, if the charge transport material 13 above-mentioned charge transport layers with respect to 1 weight portion use the content of adhesive resin 17 to surpass 3 weight portions, when then forming charge transport layer 16 by coating processs such as dip coating methods described later, the viscosity of coating liquid increases, film forming reduces, and throughput rate significantly worsens.In addition, if apply the viscosity increase of liquid and increase the quantity of solvent that applies in the liquid in order to suppress, then because whiting (Block ラッシ Application グ) phenomenon produces white opacity on charge transport layer 16, so not preferred.

In addition, in above-mentioned charge transport layer 16, can also contain above-mentioned charge transport material 13 and charge transport layer adhesive resin 17 material in addition.Specifically, can contain adjuvants such as the plastifier that is useful on the film forming that improves charge transport layer 16, flexible and surface smoothing or levelling agent; The enhancing and the mineral compound of raising electrical characteristics or the particulate of organic compound that are used for the physical strength of charge transport layer 16; Be used to improve the antioxidant of the potential property of charge transport layer 16 and permanance and sensitizer etc.In above-mentioned charge transport layer 16, can contain these materials more than a kind or 2 kinds.

In addition, for the susceptibility that improves photographic layer 14, the rising that is suppressed at residual electric potential when reusing photoreceptor 1 and fatigue etc., in above-mentioned charge transport layer 16, can also further contain the electron-acceptor materials such as electrophilic material more than a kind; Functional pigment as organic photoconductive compound and optical sensitizer etc.

The lower limit of the bed thickness of above-mentioned charge transport layer 16 is preferably more than the 5 μ m, more preferably more than the 10 μ m.In addition, below the preferred 50 μ m of the higher limit of the bed thickness of above-mentioned charge transport layer 16, more preferably below the 40 μ m.If the bed thickness less than 5 μ m of charge transport layer 16, then the charged hold facility on photoreceptor 1 surface reduces, and is therefore not preferred, if bed thickness surpasses 50 μ m, then the resolution of photoreceptor 1 reduces, and is therefore also not preferred.

On the other hand, contained charge generation material 12 is the materials that produce electric charge by illumination in the above-mentioned charge generation layer 15.As charge generation material 12, for example can enumerate perylene kinds pigment such as perylene acid imide, perylene acid anhydrides; Many rings such as quinacridone, anthraquinone benzoquinones class pigment; Phthalocyanine pigments such as metal phthalocyanine, nonmetal phthalocyanine, halogenation nonmetal phthalocyanine; The square salt of metal (ス Network ェァリゥ system) pigment, Azulene (ァズレニゥ system) pigment, thiapyran pigment pigment compounds such as (チァピリリゥ system); Have AZO pigments such as carbazole skeleton, styryl stilbene skeleton, triphenylamine skeleton, dibenzothiophen skeleton, oxadiazole skeleton, Fluorenone skeleton, two stilbene skeleton, Er Ben Yi Xi oxadiazole skeleton, diphenylethyllene carbazole etc.

In above-mentioned charge generation material 12, as pigment with high charge generation ability, preferred especially nonmetal phthalocyanine pigment, titanyl phthalocyanine pigment, the disazo pigment, the trisazo pigment that contain the disazo pigment of fluorenes ring (Off ロ one レン Ring) and Fluorenone ring, constitute by aromatic amine.Has high sensitive photoreceptor 14 by using these pigment, can providing.Further, in titanyl phthalocyanine pigment, in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of CuK α characteristic X-ray, Bragg angle (2 θ ± 0.2 °) has higher susceptibility at 27.3 ° of crystal type materials with diffraction peak, therefore more preferably.

For charge generation layer 5,, can contain charge generation layer adhesive resin 18 in order to increase associativity.As this charge generation layer adhesive resin 18, for example can use vibrin, vinylite, polyacrylate resin, polycarbonate resin, poly-arylide resin, polyvinyl acetal (Port リ PVC ニ Le ァセトァセ one Le) resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) propionic aldehyde (the Port リ PVC ニ Le プロピオ Na one Le) resin that contracts, polyvinyl butyral (Port リ PVC ニ Le Block チラ one Le) resin, phenoxy resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, melamine resin, silicone resin, acryl resin, cellulose esters, cellulose ether, vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer resin etc.

Contained charge generation material 12 and charge generation layer with the content of adhesive resin 18 are in the above-mentioned charge generation layer 15, general assembly (TW) with respect to charge generation material 12 and charge generation layer usefulness adhesive resin 18, more than the preferred 10 weight % of the lower limit of the content of charge generation material 12, more preferably more than the 25 weight %.In addition, with respect to the general assembly (TW) of charge generation material 12 and charge generation layer usefulness adhesive resin 18, below the preferred 99 weight % of the higher limit of the content of charge generation material 12, more preferably below the 75 weight %.

If with respect to charge generation material 12 and charge generation layer general assembly (TW) with adhesive resin 18, above-mentioned charge generation material 12 contain quantity not sufficient 10 weight %, then the susceptibility of the photographic layer 14 of photoreceptor 1 reduces, and is therefore not preferred.On the other side, if general assembly (TW) with respect to charge generation material 12 and charge generation layer usefulness adhesive resin 18, the content of above-mentioned charge generation material 12 surpasses 99 weight %, and then the dispersiveness of charge generation material 12 reduces, easy thickization of the particle of charge generation material 12.Consequently on the white background of toner attached to the transfer paper that has carried out imaging, be easy to generate the image photographic fog (カ Block リ) that forms small stain.

In addition, in above-mentioned charge generation layer 15, as required, can also contain the various adjuvants such as levelling agent, plastifier, antioxidant and sensitizer that are useful on improvement screening characteristics of the coating liquid of use when forming this charge generation layer 5.

The lower limit of the bed thickness of above-mentioned charge generation layer 15 is preferably more than the 0.05 μ m, more preferably more than the 0.1 μ m.In addition, below the preferred 5 μ m of the higher limit of the bed thickness of above-mentioned charge transport layer 16, more preferably below the 1 μ m.If the bed thickness less than 0.05 μ m of charge transport layer 16, then the efficient of light absorption reduces, and the susceptibility of photographic layer 14 reduces, and is therefore not preferred.On the other hand, if bed thickness surpasses 5 μ m, then the mobility of charge carrier of charge generation layer 15 inside becomes the rate determining step of the surface charge N-process of photographic layer 14, and the susceptibility of photographic layer 14 reduces, and is therefore not preferred.

Formation method to above-mentioned photographic layer 14 describes below.Shown in figure (1) b, above-mentioned photographic layer 14 is after forming charge generation layer 15 on the support 11, to form charge transport layer 16 on this charge generation layer 15.

Specifically, above-mentioned charge generation layer 15, at first hybrid charge produces layer with adhesive resin 18 in appropriate solvent, obtains the charge generation layer binder resin solution, disperses charge generation material 12 in this solution, obtains charge generation layer coating liquid.Be coated on the support 11 with coating liquid by the charge generation layer that will obtain then, can on support 11, form charge generation layer 15.In addition, the formation of above-mentioned charge transport layer 16 and above-mentioned charge generation layer 15 is same, at first dissolving or dispersion charge transport layer prepare charge transport layer coating liquid with adhesive resin 17, charge transport material 13 and adjuvant as required in appropriate solvent.Then, be coated on the charge generation layer 15 with coating liquid, form charge transport layer 16 by charge transport layer with preparation.

In addition, as above-mentioned charge generation layer with coating liquid and charge transport layer with applying the solvent that uses in the liquid, can use for example halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, ethylene dichloride; Ketones such as acetone, MEK, cyclohexanone; Ester such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate class; Tetrahydrofuran (ethers such as THF), diox; 1, the alkyl ether of ethylene glycol such as 2-dimethoxy-ethane; Benzene,toluene,xylene, monochloro-benzene etc. are aromatic hydrocarbon based; N, mixing more than a kind or 2 kinds in non-proton property such as dinethylformamide, the N,N-dimethylacetamide polar solvent etc. used.In addition, as required, in above-mentioned solvent, can also add alcohols, acetonitrile etc.

In above-mentioned solvent, before disperseing charge generation material 12 or charge transport material 13, can be in advance with pulverizing charge generation material 12 or charge transport materials 13 such as comminutors.As above-mentioned comminutor, can enumerate bowl mill, sand mill, masher (ァトラィ ), vibromill etc.

In addition, the dispersion machine as using when disperseing charge generation material 12 and charge transport material 13 can use paint mixer (ペィ Application トシェ one カ), bowl mill, sand mill, ultrasonic dispersing machine etc.In addition, when disperseing, the impurity that preferably prevent because the abrasion of the parts of the container of use and dispersion machine etc. taken place is sneaked into.

Further, with coating liquid or the charge transport layer coating method that applies liquid, be under the situation of cylinder shape as the above-mentioned charge generation of coating at support 11, can use spraying process, perpendicular rings (vertical リ Application グ) method, dip coating method.In these coating methods, can after considering that above-mentioned charge generation is with the rerum natura of coating liquid and the throughput rate of photoreceptor 1 etc., select optimal coating method.In above-mentioned coating method, the dip coating method is a kind of fairly simple method: support 11 is immersed in the coatings tank (Tu worker groove that has been full of charge generation usefulness coating liquid or charge transport layer usefulness coating liquid) in, then with constant speed or speed is gradually changed, mention support 11 simultaneously, form required charge generation layer 15 or charge transport layer 16 thus.Therefore, because good aspect throughput rate and manufacturing cost, above-mentioned dip coating method can be suitable for the formation of charge generation layer 15 or charge transport layer 16.

In addition, when forming above-mentioned charge generation layer 15 or charge transport layer 16, except said method, vacuum vapour deposition be can also pass through, charge generation layer 15 or charge transport layer 16 formed.Particularly when support 11 is sheet, by baker formula applicator (ベ one カ one ァプリケ one ) method, scraping article coating process, The tape casting (キャスティ Application グ), rolling method, knife coating, spin-coating method etc., can be suitable for the formation of charge generation layer 15 or charge transport layer 16.

In addition, on the photographic layer 14 that contains above-mentioned charge generation layer 15 and charge transport layer 16, the protective seam that is formed by resin, the resin that contains inorganic filler, inorganic oxide etc. can be set.By this protective seam is set, can improve the wearing quality of photographic layer 14.In addition, ozone that the corona discharge in the time of can preventing to make photoreceptor 1 surface charging produces or oxides of nitrogen etc. have a negative impact to photographic layer 14.

As mentioned above, the photoreceptor 1 shown in Fig. 1 (b) is formed by charge generation layer 15 and charge transport layer 16, but as shown in Figure 3, also can between support 11 and photographic layer 14 middle layer 19 be set.In Fig. 3, demonstration be fragmentary cross-sectional view with the photoreceptor 10 in photographic layer 14 and middle layer 19.

The middle layer 19 of photographic layer 10 shown in Figure 3 is in order to cover the defective such as concavo-convex on support 11 surfaces, forms surface uniformly and is provided with.Thus, can improve the film forming of photographic layer 14, and, can suppress photographic layer 14 and peel off from support 11 owing to the cohesiveness (then property) that can improve by middle layer 19 between support 11 and the photographic layer 14.In order to bring into play above-mentioned each function well, the bed thickness in above-mentioned middle layer 19 is usually below the above 20 μ m of preferred 0.1 μ m.

Dead matter are preferably contained as the inorganic layer of principal ingredient or contain any in the organic layer that organic principle is a principal ingredient in above-mentioned middle layer 19.When above-mentioned middle layer 19 is under the situation of inorganic layer,, can use for example alumilite process tunicle, aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide etc. as dead matter.When forming above-mentioned inorganic layer, can form oxide film and get final product by in sulfuric acid solution, on aluminum support 11, applying voltage.

On the other hand, in above-mentioned middle layer 19 is under the situation of organic layer, as the organic substance of adhesive resin, for example can use resins such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), casein, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, cellulose family, gelatin, starch, polyurethane, polyimide, polyamide.Above-mentioned organic layer also can contain metals such as aluminium, copper, tin, zinc, titanium; Inorganic pigments such as the electric conductivity of metal oxides such as zinc paste, aluminium oxide, titanium dioxide etc. or semiconduction particulate.The above-mentioned titanium dioxide that contains in the above-mentioned organic layer can be Detitanium-ore-type, rutile-type, any crystal formation such as amorphous, the also crystal formation that can be mixed with two or more.In addition, Titanium particles is preferably used AlO ₂O ₃Or ZrO ₂Use its back, surface of coverings such as potpourri Deng metal oxide or this metal oxide.

As the adhesive resin that is used for above-mentioned middle layer 19 (middle layer adhesive resin), in above-mentioned resin, the preferred polyamide resin.Reason is that polyamide can not be used to the charge generation layer of the charge generation layer 15 of formation photographic layer 14 on middle layer 19 with applying dissolution with solvents used in the liquid and swelling etc.In addition, the cohesiveness of polyamide and support 11 is good, has flexible grade as the necessary character of the characteristic of adhesive resin, and is therefore preferred.

In above-mentioned polyamide, more preferably use the alcohol soluble nylon resin.As this alcohol soluble nylon resin, for example can enumerate, the so-called copolymer nylon N-alkoxy methyl modification of nylon that is formed by copolymerization such as 6-nylon, 66-nylon, 610-nylon, 11-nylon, 12-nylon, N-alkoxyethyl modification of nylon etc. carry out modification of nylon after the chemical modification etc. to nylon.

Above-mentioned organic layer be by, organic solvent and middle layer are joined with adhesive resin in the material of above-mentioned organic layer, use dispersion machine etc. to prepare the middle layer with coating liquid, this coating liquid is coated on the support 11 and formation.

With the organic solvent that uses in the coating liquid, can use general organic solvent as above-mentioned middle layer.Wherein, the alcohol soluble nylon resin that belongs to polyamide in use is used under the situation of adhesive resin as above-mentioned middle layer, preferred use that to be selected from carbon number be in 1～4 the lower alcohol a kind or the organic solvent that mixes more than 2 kinds wherein or in being selected from the organic solvent of above-mentioned lower alcohol, mix and be selected from methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-ethylene dichloride, 1,2-propylene dichloride, toluene, THF, 1, the organic solvent beyond the lower alcohols such as 3-dioxolanes and the mixed organic solvents that forms.

Like this, by in being selected from the organic solvent of lower alcohol, mixing lower alcohol organic solvent in addition, compare with only using the situation of the organic solvent that is selected from lower alcohol, the dispersiveness of titanium dioxide improves, and the middle layer becomes possibility with the regeneration long-term and coating liquid of the storage stability of coating liquid.In addition, support 11 is immersed under the situation of dip coating method that the middle layer forms middle layer 19 in coating liquid using, can prevents the coating defective in middle layer 19 and inhomogeneous, coating forms photographic layer 14 equably on middle layer 19.Thus, can make the photoreceptor 10 that does not have the film defective, has the superior images characteristic.

In addition, the middle layer is not limited to above-mentioned dip coating method with the coating method of coating liquid.That is, when support 11 is under the situation of cylinder shape, spraying process, vertical around-France etc. can be used, when support 11 is sheet, baker formula applicator method, scraping article coating process, The tape casting, spin-coating method etc. can be used.

Below, according to Fig. 2, the imaging device 2 with photoreceptor shown in Figure 11 or photoreceptor 10 shown in Figure 3 is described.Though below be to be that example describes with the installing situation of photoreceptor 1 as shown in Figure 2 in imaging device 2, as shown in Figure 3, the situation of installing photoreceptor 10 also goes in the same explanation.

Imaging device 2 around the photoreceptor 1 on the sense of rotation of the sense of rotation R of photoreceptor 1, be provided with charged device (band Electricity device) 32, exposure device 30, developer 33, transfer printing device (translocation is write device) 34, tripping device 37, clearer 36 in turn.Above-mentioned photoreceptor 1, charged device 32, developer 33, tripping device 37, clearer 36 are located in the shell 38.In addition, above-mentioned imaging device 2 is provided with fixator (deciding device) on the carriage direction P of transfer paper (translocation is write paper) 45.

Above-mentioned charged device 32 can be a charge-carrying belt electrical equipment for example, and the electric power by external power source 39 supplies makes photoreceptor 1 surface charged equably.Above-mentioned exposure device 30 is by formations such as semiconductor lasers.This exposure device 30 makes photoreceptor 1 face exposure by coming from the laser beam of semiconductor laser, forms electrostatic latent image.Above-mentioned developer 33 supplying toners (developer), the electrostatic latent image that is used for photoreceptor 1 surface that the exposure by above-mentioned exposure device 30 is formed develops.Therefore, above-mentioned developer 33 has developer roll 33a in sleeve (ケ one シ Application グ) 33b, and by developer roll 33a, the toner that stirs in sleeve 33b is fed to photoreceptor 1 surface.As the toner that is used for above-mentioned developing radical 33, can be monocomponent toner, also can be the bi-component toner that contains charge carrier.

Above-mentioned transfer printing device 34 is arranged to contact with photoreceptor 1 by transfer paper 45.By from external power source 40 service voltages, the toner that above-mentioned transfer printing device 34 will form on photoreceptor 1 surface looks like to be transferred on the transfer paper 45.Above-mentioned tripping device 37 is set to be used for peeling off transfer paper from photoreceptor 1 surface.Above-mentioned clearer 36 is set to be used for reclaiming and to remain in photoreceptor 1 lip-deep toner.Be that above-mentioned clearer 36 passes through cleaning balde 36a, strike off remaining toner, be recovered to and reclaim with among the sleeve 36b attached to photoreceptor 1 surface.On the other hand, the transfer paper 45 that fixator 35 will have by the toner picture of transfer printing device 34 transfer printings is transported between warm-up mill 35a and the backer roll 35b, the above-mentioned toner picture of fusion, and hot pressing on transfer paper 45 is fixed it.

In the imaging device 2 of said structure, following the carrying out of imaging action.That is, when imaging device 2 was received according to the rules view data and carried out requiring of imaging, then charged device 32 was with the charged equably current potential to regulation of photosensitive surface.Then, according to above-mentioned view data, the laser beam that penetrates from exposure device 30 thus, on photoreceptor 1 surface, forms the electrostatic latent image based on above-mentioned view data with photoreceptor 1 face exposure.The developer 33 that this electrostatic latent image is arranged on exposure device 30 downstreams one side by the sense of rotation R with respect to photoreceptor 1 is development little by little, forms the toner picture on photoreceptor 1 surface.

With the exposure on above-mentioned photoreceptor 1 surface side by side, transfer paper 45 is transported between photoreceptor 1 and the transfer printing device 34 along arrow P direction among Fig. 2.Thus, in the transporting of the rotation of photoreceptor 1 and transfer paper 45, this photoreceptor 1 surface is gone up the toner picture that forms and is transferred in turn on the transfer paper 45.Then transfer printing the transfer paper 45 of toner picture be transported to fixator 35, after toner looks like to be fixed on the transfer paper 45, be discharged to the outside of imaging device 2.

On the other hand, behind transfer printing toner picture, be accompanied by the rotation of

photoreceptor

1,36a strikes off toner by cleaning balde, and the toner on photoreceptor 1 remained on surface is removed.Then,, repeat above-mentioned image and form operation, carry out the imaging on the transfer paper 45 by the further rotation of photoreceptor 1.

Above-mentioned imaging device 2 has above-mentioned photoreceptor 1.Therefore, even under the development conditions of electronegative potential, after exposing by exposure device 30, up between by developer 33 beginning development treatment, the electric charge that produces on the photographic layer 14 of photoreceptor 1 also can promptly move to photoreceptor 1 surface, eliminates surface charge.Therefore, form operation, can on transfer paper 45, form image with good image color by above-mentioned image.

In addition, by using above-mentioned photoreceptor 1, not only guaranteed the carrier mobility of regulation, the absolute value of the charged current potential of photoreceptor 1 can also be set at and be low to moderate below the 400V.Thus, owing to can suppress static fatigue, can realize the long lifetime of photoreceptor 1 by the charged of photoreceptor 1.Further, in order under electronegative potential, to carry out development treatment,, just can form image with high resolving power with required image color by less toner use amount if use the toner of small particle diameter.Therefore, if use above-mentioned photoreceptor 1, can provide imaging device cheaply.

In addition, because the weight average particle diameter of above-mentioned toner produces bigger influence to image quality, therefore in the present embodiment, below the above 8.5 μ m of preferred 4.5 μ m.The weight average particle diameter of toner is as if less than 4.5 μ m, and then the carried charge of per unit mass is too high, is difficult to carry out the development treatment of electrostatic latent image, has the tendency of image color deficiency.On the other hand, if the weight average particle diameter of toner surpasses 8.5 μ m, then electrostatic latent image is difficult to verily reproduce, and has the tendency that forms obviously coarse image.Therefore, the toner of use is a large amount of compare the colorants such as carbon black that resistance is lower, carried charge is lower with resin etc. and realize small particle diameterization by containing, and has the toner of suitable carried charge.Thus, colorant contained in the toner increases, and can guarantee sufficient image color with less toner.In addition, owing to can reduce the toner use amount of per 1 transfer paper, therefore can realize imaging cheaply.

In addition, as mentioned above, Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention is the Electrophtography photosensor that has formed the photographic layer that comprises charge generation material and charge transport material at least on support, is 1 * 10 in electric field intensity ⁵Under the V/cm, the mobility of the electric charge in the above-mentioned photographic layer is 2 * 10 ^-6Cm ²/ (Vs) more than, simultaneously in electric field scope 5 * 10 ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵Under (E represents electric field intensity [V/cm]), represent the mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1) of the charge mobility in the above-mentioned photographic layer

\log μ = a \times \sqrt{E} + b

(mathematical expression 1)

In addition, in Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, preferred above-mentioned photographic layer is formed with containing the charge transport layer lamination of above-mentioned charge transport material by the charge generation layer that contains above-mentioned charge generation material at least.

Because above-mentioned photographic layer has by charge generation layer that produces electric charge and the laminar structure that carries out the charge transport layer of charge transport, so the conveying of the generation of electric charge and electric charge can be carried out in different separately layers.Therefore, owing to can expand the range of choice of charge generation material and charge transport material, so can select best combination from the long lifetime equal angles of the desired charged characteristic of Electrophtography photosensor, susceptibility, residual electric potential, Electrophtography photosensor.Thus, can provide high performance electronic photosensitive body.

In addition, in Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, preferred above-mentioned charge transport layer contains above-mentioned charge transport material and adhesive resin at least, and with respect to 1 weight portion charge transport material, the content of above-mentioned adhesive resin is preferably below above 3 weight portions of 1.2 weight portions.

Be controlled in the above-mentioned scope by content ratio, when forming charge transport layer, can obtain good film forming charge transport material contained in the above-mentioned charge transport layer and adhesive resin.In addition, can reduce the abrasion value of photographic layer, improve the wearing quality of Electrophtography photosensor.Therefore,, guaranteed the sufficient mobility of the electric charge in the charge transport layer, can improve the permanance of Electrophtography photosensor simultaneously by making above-mentioned content ratio in above-mentioned scope.

In addition, in Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention, above-mentioned charge transport material preferably has general formula (1)

Shown structure,

In the formula, Ar ¹And Ar ²Expression can have substituent aryl, maybe can have substituent heterocyclic radical, Ar independently respectively ³Expression can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, can have substituent aralkyl, maybe can have substituent alkyl, Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Represent hydrogen atom respectively independently, can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, can have substituent aralkyl, maybe can have substituent alkyl.But Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Be not hydrogen atom simultaneously.Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Also can interosculate, form ring structure by atom or atomic group.A represents to have substituent alkyl, can have substituent alkoxy, can have substituent dialkyl amido, can have substituent aryl, halogen atom or hydrogen atom.M represents 1～6 integer, and when m is 2 when above, a plurality of a can be identical or different, and the formation ring structure perhaps interosculates.R ¹Represent hydrogen atom, halogen atom, maybe can have substituent alkyl.R ², R ³And R ⁴Represent hydrogen atom respectively independently, can have substituent alkyl, can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, maybe can have substituent aralkyl.N represents 0～3 integer, when n is 2 or 3, and a plurality of R ²Can be identical or different, a plurality of R ³Can be identical or different.But when n is 0, Ar ³Expression can have substituent heterocyclic radical.

The compound of above-mentioned charge transport material for having structure shown in the above-mentioned general formula (1), thus, even under the electronegative potential condition, also can form charge transport layer with excellent electric charge mobility.In addition, even in charge transport layer, under the less situation of the content of contained charge transport material, also can guarantee the sufficient mobility of the electric charge in the charge transport layer.Thus, can provide high resolving power and permanance good Electrophtography photosensor.

In addition, imaging device of the present invention contains any in the above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor.

Further, imaging device of the present invention is suitable for, and under the absolute value of the charged current potential of above-mentioned photoreceptor is condition below the 400V, can the operating weight mean grain size be that the following developer of the above 8.5 μ m of 4.5 μ m carries out imaging.

As mentioned above, owing under the low strap electric potential, use Electrophtography photosensor,, improve permanance so can reduce the static fatigue of this Electrophtography photosensor.In addition, owing to used developer, therefore can carry out imaging with high resolving power and with less developer with above-mentioned small particle diameter.Thus, can provide a kind of imaging device that can under low cost, carry out imaging.

The present invention will be described in detail based on embodiment and comparative example below, but the present invention is not limited.In addition, the evaluation of the mensuration of carrier mobility, picture characteristics, repetition long duration test are according in sequence as follows.

[mensuration of carrier mobility]

For the photoreceptor of making in embodiment and the comparative example,, be 1 * 10 at electric field strength E by using the X-TOF method of drum-type testing machine CYNTHIA (manufacturing of GENTEC company) ⁵Measure carrier mobility under the situation of V/cm.In addition, 5 * 10 ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵The electric field scope in, obtain the slope a of aforementioned mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1).

[evaluation of picture characteristics]

The photoreceptor of making in embodiment and the comparative example is installed in the commercially available duplicating machine (AR-450S, Sharp Corporation makes), carries out imaging by discharged-area development, the visual valuation picture characteristics.In the development conditions when carrying out imaging, common development conditions is that the surface potential of photoreceptor is-650V that the development bias voltage is-500V the toner of operating weight mean grain size 9 μ m.In addition, the development conditions of electronegative potential is that the surface potential of photoreceptor is-400V that the development bias voltage is-200V the toner of operating weight mean grain size 6 μ m.

[repetition long duration test]

Under above-mentioned electronegative potential development conditions, use the transfer paper of A4 size, carry out 100,000 duplicating and handle, carry out the long duration test of photoreceptor.

[embodiment 1]

(Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. makes: TTO55A), (Dongli Ltd. makes 13 weight portion copolymer polyamide resins: ァミラ Application CM8000) join and contain 159 weight portion methyl alcohol and 106 weight portions 1 with 7 parts by weight of titanium oxide, in the mixed solvent of 3-dioxolanes, dispersion treatment is 8 hours in paint mixer, has prepared the middle layer with applying liquid.The middle layer that obtains is filled in the coatings tank with coating liquid, be immersed in the cylindric support 11 of the aluminum of diameter 30mm, long 340mm in this coatings tank after, it is mentioned air dry, form the middle layer 19 (Fig. 3) of bed thickness 1 μ m.

Then, in 98 weight portion tetrahydrofurans (THF), dissolve 1 weight portion as polyvinyl butyral resin (the Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd manufacturing: ェスレ Star Network BX-1) of charge generation layer with adhesive resin 18, further, after adding the titanyl phthalocyanine of 1 weight portion as charge generation material 12, dispersion treatment is 2 hours in paint mixer, has prepared charge generation layer with applying liquid.In the coatings tank that has been full of the charge generation layer coating liquid that makes, dipping has formed the support 11 in middle layer 19, be coated in this middle layer 19 on coating liquid above-mentioned charge generation layer after, by the charge generation layer 15 of air dry formation bed thickness 0.3 μ m.

Then, (ェ of Mitsubishi Application ジニァリ Application グプラスチ Star Network ス Co., Ltd. makes: ュ one ピロ Application Z-200) dissolve in 160 weight portion THF, prepared charge transport layer with coating liquid with the bisphenol z-polycarbonate resin of adhesive resin 17 as charge transport layer as the enamine compound of the structure shown in the following chemical formula of having of charge transport material 13 (2) and 18 weight portions with 10 weight portions.The support 11 that has formed middle layer 19 and charge generation layer 15 is immersed in the coatings tank of charge transport layer with coating liquid that has been full of gained, after dip coating on this charge generation layer 15, drying, the charge transport layer 16 of formation bed thickness 28 μ m obtains photoreceptor.

The photoreceptor that obtains is carried out the mensuration of carrier mobility, the evaluation of picture characteristics.Its result is as shown in table 1.In addition, use the photoreceptor obtain, carry out the repetition long duration test after, the picture characteristics after 100,000 duplicating processing finish is good.

[embodiment 2～5]

Except when forming charge transport layer 16, use the enamine compound shown in following chemical formula (3)～(6) to replace having the enamine compound of structure shown in the above-mentioned chemical formula (2) as beyond the charge transport material 13, all the other make photoreceptor according to the method same with embodiment 1.

The photoreceptor that obtains is carried out the mensuration of carrier mobility, the evaluation of picture characteristics.Its result is as shown in table 1.

[embodiment 6]

Except when forming charge transport layer 16, use 14 weight portions to have the enamine compound of structure shown in the above-mentioned chemical formula (1) as charge transport material 13, use 14 weight portions as the bisphenol z-polycarbonate resin of charge transport layer with adhesive resin 17, all the other make photoreceptor according to the method same with embodiment 1.

The photoreceptor that obtains is carried out the mensuration of carrier mobility, the evaluation of picture characteristics.Its result is as shown in table 1.In addition, use the photoreceptor make, carry out the repetition long duration test after, after 100,000 duplicating processing finish, produce photographic fog.

[comparative example 1]

Except when forming charge transport layer 16, use 7 weight portions to have the enamine compound of structure shown in the above-mentioned chemical formula (1) as charge transport material 13, use 22 weight portions as the bisphenol z-polycarbonate resin of charge transport layer with adhesive resin 17, all the other make photoreceptor according to the method same with embodiment 1.

[comparative example 2]

Except when forming charge transport layer 16, use the compound (T405 shown in the following chemical formula of 10 weight portions (7), high sand spices company makes) replace having the enamine compound of structure shown in the above-mentioned chemical formula (2) as charge transport material 13, use 16 weight portions as the bisphenol z-polycarbonate resin of charge transport layer with adhesive resin 17, all the other make photoreceptor according to the method same with embodiment 1.

[comparative example 3]

Except when forming charge transport layer 16, use the compound (HCT202 shown in the following chemical formula of 10 weight portions (8), hodogaya chemical company makes) replace having the enamine compound of structure shown in the above-mentioned chemical formula (2) as charge transport material 13, use 20 weight portions as the bisphenol z-polycarbonate resin of charge transport layer with adhesive resin 17, all the other make photoreceptor according to the method same with embodiment 1.

Table 1

Photoreceptor	The charge transport material	Weight ratio	????E＝10 ⁵Mobility (10 under the V/cm ^-6cm ²/V·S)	Slope a (10 in (mathematical expression 1) ^-4)	Picture characteristics
					Picture characteristics		Development conditions
					Usually	Electronegative potential	Development conditions
					Usually	Electronegative potential	Embodiment
1	Formula (2)	????1.8	????4.16	????2.18	Well	Well	Embodiment
1	Formula (2)	????1.8	????4.16	????2.18	Well	Well	Embodiment 2	Formula (3)	????1.8	????4.27	????2.23	Well	Well
Embodiment 3	Formula (4)	????1.8	????3.86	????2.31	Well	Well	Embodiment 2	Formula (3)	????1.8	????4.27	????2.23	Well	Well
Embodiment 3	Formula (4)	????1.8	????3.86	????2.31	Well	Well	Embodiment 4	Formula (5)	????1.8	????6.05	????2.12	Well	Well
Embodiment 5	Formula (6)	????1.8	????3.05	????2.35	Well	Well	Embodiment 4	Formula (5)	????1.8	????6.05	????2.12	Well	Well
Embodiment 5	Formula (6)	????1.8	????3.05	????2.35	Well	Well	Embodiment 6	Formula (2)	????1.0	????7.03	????2.10	Well	Well
Comparative example 1	Formula (2)	????3.1	Can not measure	Can not measure	Image color is low	Image color is low	Embodiment 6	Formula (2)	????1.0	????7.03	????2.10	Well	Well
Comparative example 1	Formula (2)	????3.1	Can not measure	Can not measure	Image color is low	Image color is low	Comparative example 2	Formula (7)	????1.6	????1.05	????5.26	Well	Image color is low
Comparative example 3	Formula (8)	????2.0	????0.96	????10.04	Well	Image color is low	Comparative example 2	Formula (7)	????1.6	????1.05	????5.26	Well	Image color is low

In addition, in above-mentioned table 1, weight ratio is represented is charge transport material 13 with respect to 1 weight portion, and charge transport layer is with the parts by weight of adhesive resin 17.In addition, can not measuring of table 1 represents that its value is little of impossible detected degree.

Shown in above-mentioned table 1, be 1 * 10 at electric field strength E ⁵Carrier mobility under the V/cm is 2 * 10 ^-6Cm ²/ (Vs) more than, 5 * 10 ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵The electric field scope in, the slope a of mathematical expression (mathematical expression 1) is 5 * 10 ^-4Under the following situation, under any development conditions of common or electronegative potential, the preferable image characteristic that can obtain.

In addition, the result who repeats long duration test is that in embodiment 1, even after 100,000 duplicating processing end, picture characteristics also is good, on the other side, in embodiment 6, produces photographic fog.The photoreceptor of this presentation of results embodiment 6 is by repeating long duration test, its photographic layer wearing and tearing, the charging property reduction of photoreceptor.This shows,,, can improve the wearing quality of the photographic layer of photoreceptor by the weight ratio of control charge transport layer with adhesive resin for the charge transport material.

[comparative example 4]

The photoreceptor that use makes in embodiment 1, under the development conditions of electronegative potential, the operating weight mean grain size is that the toner of 9 μ m carries out development treatment, estimates picture characteristics.The result obtains coarse image.

From above-mentioned result, as can be seen, under the development conditions of electronegative potential, use the photoreceptor that makes among the embodiment 1 to carry out good imaging, the preferred little toner of operating weight mean grain size.

The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, can carry out various changes in the scope shown in the claim.That is to say that by appropriate change technological means in the scope shown in the claim, and the embodiment that its mutual combination is obtained is also contained in the technical scope of the present invention.

Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention can be advantageously applied in the imaging devices such as the duplicating machine that adopts the electrofax mode, printer, facsimile recorder.Electrophtography photosensor of the present invention can be applied to particularly well under the electronegative potential condition, uses tiny toner to carry out the situation of development treatment.

Embodiment described in detailed description of the invention or embodiment have showed technology contents of the present invention fully, the present invention not should by narrow sense be interpreted as only being defined in this concrete example, in the scope of purport of the present invention and claim, can carry out various changes back and implement the present invention.

Claims

1. an Electrophtography photosensor (1), it has been for having formed the Electrophtography photosensor of the photographic layer (14) that comprises charge generation material (12) and charge transport material (13) at least on support (11), wherein,

In electric field intensity is 1 * 10 ⁵Under the V/cm, the mobility of the electric charge in the above-mentioned photographic layer (14) is 2 * 10 ^-6Cm ²/ (Vs) more than,

Simultaneously, be 5 * 10 in the electric field scope ⁴＜E＜1 * 10 ⁵In, E represents electric field intensity [V/cm], represents that the slope a of the mathematical expression 1 of the charge mobility in the above-mentioned photographic layer (14) is 5 * 10 ^-4Below,

\log μ = a \times \sqrt{E} + b

(mathematical expression 1)

In the formula,

μ represents the mobility [cm of the electric charge in the photographic layer (14) ²/ (Vs)], a, b are real number.

2. the Electrophtography photosensor (1) of claim 1 record, wherein,

Above-mentioned photographic layer (14) is at least by the charge generation layer (15) that contains above-mentioned charge generation material (12) with contain charge transport layer (16) lamination of above-mentioned charge transport material (13) and form.

3. the Electrophtography photosensor (1) of claim 2 record, wherein,

Above-mentioned charge transport layer (16) contains above-mentioned charge transport material (13) and adhesive resin (17) at least, and with respect to 1 weight portion charge transport material (13), the content of above-mentioned adhesive resin (17) is below above 3 weight portions of 1.2 weight portions.

4. the Electrophtography photosensor (1) of claim 2 record, wherein,

Above-mentioned charge generation layer (15) contains above-mentioned charge generation material (12) and adhesive resin (18) at least, with respect to the general assembly (TW) of charge generation material (12) and adhesive resin (18), the content of above-mentioned charge generation material (12) is below the above 99 weight % of 10 weight %.

5. the Electrophtography photosensor (1) of claim 2 record, wherein,

The thickness of above-mentioned charge transport layer (16) is below the above 50 μ m of 5 μ m.

6. the Electrophtography photosensor (1) of claim 2 record, wherein,

The thickness of above-mentioned charge generation layer (15) is below the above 5 μ m of 0.05 μ m.

7. the Electrophtography photosensor (1) of claim 1 record, wherein,

Between above-mentioned support (11) and photographic layer (14), contain the middle layer (19) that constitutes by inorganic layer or organic layer.

8. the Electrophtography photosensor of each record (1) in the claim 1～7, wherein,

Above-mentioned charge transport material (13) has the structure shown in the general formula (1):

In the formula, Ar ¹And Ar ²Expression can have substituent aryl, maybe can have substituent heterocyclic radical, Ar independently respectively ³Expression can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, can have substituent aralkyl, maybe can have substituent alkyl, Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Represent hydrogen atom respectively independently, can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, can have substituent aralkyl, maybe can have substituent alkyl; But Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Be not hydrogen atom simultaneously; Ar ⁴And Ar ⁵Also can interosculate, form ring structure by atom or atomic group; A represents to have substituent alkyl, can have substituent alkoxy, can have substituent dialkyl amido, can have substituent aryl, halogen atom or hydrogen atom; M represents 1～6 integer, and when m is 2 when above, a plurality of a can be identical or different, and the formation ring structure perhaps interosculates; R ¹Represent hydrogen atom, halogen atom, maybe can have substituent alkyl; R ², R ³And R ⁴Represent hydrogen atom respectively independently, can have substituent alkyl, can have substituent aryl, can have substituent heterocyclic radical, maybe can have substituent aralkyl; N represents 0～3 integer, when n is 2 or 3, and a plurality of R ²Can be identical or different, a plurality of R ³Can be identical or different; When n is 0, Ar ³For having substituent heterocyclic radical.

9. an imaging device (2) contains Electrophtography photosensor (1), and this Electrophtography photosensor (1) has formed the photographic layer (14) that comprises charge generation material (12) and charge transport material (13) at least on support (11),

\log μ = a \times \sqrt{E} + b

(mathematical expression 1)

In the formula,

10. the imaging device (2) of claim 9 record, wherein,

Under the absolute value of the charged current potential of above-mentioned Electrophtography photosensor (1) was condition below the 400V, the operating weight mean grain size was that the following developer of the above 8.5 μ m of 4.5 μ m carries out imaging.