CN1637037A

CN1637037A - Hardening agent

Info

Publication number: CN1637037A
Application number: CNA200410100379XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: W·菲舍尔; M·梅希特尔; J·魏卡德
Original assignee: Bayer MaterialScience AG
Current assignee: Zhanxin Holdings International Co ltd; Zhanxin Holland Co ltd
Priority date: 2003-12-09
Filing date: 2004-12-09
Publication date: 2005-07-13
Anticipated expiration: 2024-12-09
Also published as: CA2489261C; DE502004010843D1; PL1541609T3; JP5162077B2; US20050123768A1; CN1637037B; EP1541609A2; US7641975B2; ES2340034T3; EP1541609A3; CA2489261A1; HK1080499A1; JP2005213495A; EP1541609B1; KR101106421B1; KR20050056150A; ATE459672T1; DE10357712A1

Abstract

A process for preparing dual-cure hardeners, coating systems comprising these hardeners, and the use of these coating systems, and substrates coated with these coating agents. The dual cure hardener is prepared by reacting at least one diisocyanate or polyisocyanate a with B1 reaction product B of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and/or dimeric acrylic acid with B2 glycidyl methacrylate and/or glycidyl acrylate, wherein B contains less than 0.2 wt.% of epoxy groups.

Description

Stiffening agent

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT

According to 35U.S.C. § 119 (a)-(d), present patent application requires the right of priority of the German patent application No.103 57 712.2 of proposition on December 9th, 2003.

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used to prepare the novel method of dual curing agent, and the purposes that comprises coating system and these coating systems of these stiffening agents.

Background technology

Dual curing agent according to the present invention's preparation is the result of the reaction of some (methyl) acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester and polyisocyanates.In meaning of the present invention, (methyl) acrylate is the ester of vinylformic acid or methacrylic acid and composition thereof.For the preparation of the stiffening agent that is used for two-pack or multi-component coating system, described coating system solidifies by means of the addition reaction of radical polymerization and isocyanic ester and the assisted reaction agent that is fit to, has used (methyl) acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester especially.Can cause by means of actinic radiation in this radical polymerization.Those skilled in the art will carry out the hardened assembled scheme by means of two kinds of reaction mechanisms and be called " two curing ".

Favourable dual cure systems comprises such molecule, and this molecule has two keys of available one or more isocyanate groups and at least one free redical polymerization.Those skilled in the art are called dual curing agent with this quasi-molecule.This class stiffening agent is usually by the prepared in reaction of polyisocyanates with (methyl) acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester.In order to obtain highly cross-linked especially coating, be to use the stiffening agent that with regard to two keys of free redical polymerization, has high functionality easily, and it can use advantageously (methyl) acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that has high functionality with regard to acrylate and/or methacrylate based group to be prepared.In order to obtain the molecular structure of desired dual curing agent, be to use the distribution of its hydroxyl-functionality narrow as much as possible and approach (methyl) acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester of one more easily.As the result of this target molecular structure, can provide especially to have low viscous stiffening agent.Therefore, by with (methyl) vinylformic acid with the polyvalent alcohol method of TriMethylolPropane(TMP) or tetramethylolmethane esterification preparation (methyl) acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester for example owing to carry out randomly and produce wide hydroxyl-functionality distributing, be disadvantageous therefore.In addition, usually form the byproduct with higher molecular weight, it is the product of addition reaction between the oh group of acrylate and the two keys of C-C, reference analysis science (Analytical Sciences) for example, November calendar year 2001, the 17th volume, 1295-1299 page or leaf.

DE-A 19 860 041 discloses and can be used for and the polyisocyanates reaction, is used to prepare the compound of dual curing agent: 3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate.These by with the catalysis allophanic acid esterification (allophanation) of excessive hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), distillation is removed excessive HDI and is prepared then.Therefore yet because there is the danger of auto-polymerization, distillation HDI is very crucial in the presence of acrylate group or methacrylate based group, even and this be feasible, industrially also be expensive and so be uneconomic.This specification sheets is not mentioned the preparation or the purification of 3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate, perhaps Bi Yao purity or source.

The document has usually been described by using the catalysis that is fit to by glycidyl methacrylate and vinylformic acid prepared in reaction 3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate, and described glycidyl methacrylate and vinylformic acid all can high purity be bought.Data about product purification/purity are not provided.For example, EP-A 0 900 778 has described after esterification, uses benzyltriethylammonium chloride catalysis, the excessive vinylformic acid and the reaction of glycidyl methacrylate.Though 3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate can be from fine chemicals supplier (Sigma-Aldrich GmbH, Steinheim, Germany) be purchased, but the purity by gel permeation chromatography is lower than 50 weight %, particularly finds to have the component of undesirable higher molecular weight in product.The preparation method is unknown.When making commercially available product that gets and the product by the benzyltriethylammonium chloride catalytic preparation and polyisocyanates reaction, during with the preparation dual curing agent, with expect opposite, can not prepare stable product (referring to Comparative Example V 11 and V3).

R hm, Darmstadt, Germany has sold after purifying by distillation, and purity is higher than 3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate of 85 weight %.The stability of product is low, and this product must be kept in the cooling environment, has therefore hindered on technical scale and has used.In order to prepare dual curing agent, the stability of the product of this 3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate and polyisocyanates reaction is very low (referring to Comparative Example V 12).

Therefore, purpose provides a kind of method, can preparation example such as the preservation-stable reaction product of 3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate and polyisocyanates by this method, and it is suitable as stiffening agent in the double curing coating system.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the method for preparing dual curing agent, it comprises makes reaction mixture and the product B reaction that comprises at least a vulcabond or polyisocyanates A, described product B is the reaction product of B1 vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid and/or propylene dimer acid and B2 glycidyl methacrylate and/or glycidyl acrylate, and wherein B comprises the epoxide group that is less than 0.2 weight %.

The invention still further relates to single component or polycomponent coating-forming agent, it comprises

C1) according to the method described above the preparation one or more polyisocyanates and

C2) one or more compounds, it has at least one isocyanic ester-reactive group and randomly comprise one or more functional groups of reacting by polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds under the actinic radiation effect.

The invention still further relates to the method for coated substrate, it comprises at least a portion that above-mentioned coating-forming agent is coated to base material, and the base material that applies according to this method.

Detailed Description Of The Invention

Except the situation among the operation embodiment, perhaps indicated in addition, the numeral or the expression of the amount of using in specification sheets and the claim all about composition, reaction conditions or the like should be understood that all to be modified by term " approximately " in all instances.

The present invention relates to a kind of method, can preparation example such as the preservation-stable reaction product of 3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate and polyisocyanates by means of this method, it is suitable as the stiffening agent in the double curing coating system.

Therefore, the invention provides the method for preparing dual curing agent, it comprises the reaction of at least a vulcabond or polyisocyanates A and product B, described product B is B1 vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid and/or propylene dimer acid and the reaction product of B2 glycidyl methacrylate and/or glycidyl acrylate, it is characterized in that B comprises the epoxide group (calculating with M=42) that is less than 0.2 weight % and has acid number less than 10mgKOH/g.

The present invention also provides single component or polycomponent coating-forming agent, and it comprises:

C1) one or more by the inventive method preparation polyisocyanates and

C2) one or more compounds, this compound have at least one isocyanic ester-reactive group and randomly comprise one or more functional groups of reacting by polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds under the actinic radiation effects,

C3) randomly other is different from the polyisocyanates of (C1), and it randomly comprises one or more functional groups of reacting by polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds under the actinic radiation effect,

C4) compound randomly, it has under the actinic radiation effect functional group by polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds reaction, and it does not have isocyanate groups or isocyanic ester-reactive group,

C5) randomly catalyzer and

C6) randomly auxiliary agent and additive,

C7) component C1 randomly) to C6) between reaction product.

The purposes that the present invention also provides these coating-forming agents to be used to apply base material various in style, and the base material that applies with these coating-forming agents.

Vulcabond or polyisocyanates A are aromatics, araliphatic, aliphatic series or alicyclic diisocyanate or polyisocyanates.Can also use the mixture of this class vulcabond or polyisocyanates.The vulcabond that is fit to or the example of polyisocyanates are the butylidene vulcabond; hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI); isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI); 2; 2; 4-and/or 2; 4; the 4-trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate; two (4 of isomery; 4 '-isocyanato-cyclohexyl) methane or have its mixture of any content of isomer; the isocyanato-methyl isophthalic acid; 8-octane vulcabond; 1; 4-cyclohexylidene vulcabond; the cyclohexanedimethyleterephthalate vulcabond of isomery; 1; the 4-phenylene vulcabond; 2; 4-and/or 2; the 6-tolylene diisocyanate; 1; the 5-naphthalene diisocyanate; 2,4 '-or 4,4 '-'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate; tritane-4; 4 '; 4 "-triisocyanate, perhaps it has carbamate; urea; carbodiimide; acylurea; isocyanuric acid ester; allophanate; biuret; oxa-diazine triketone; uretdione; the derivative of imidoyl-oxadiazine-diketone structure, and composition thereof.Based on polyisocyanates oligomeric and/or the deutero-vulcabond, by the method that is fit to from wherein having removed excessive vulcabond, be preferred, especially two (4 of those of hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and isomery, 4 '-isocyanato-cyclohexyl) those of methane, and composition thereof.The isocyanurates of HDI and imidoyl-oxadiazine-diketone and composition thereof, and the isocyanurates of IPDI are particularly preferred.

Above-mentioned isocyanic ester and technical field of coatings encapsulant known to the skilled is partly reacted.Below can be used as the example of encapsulant: alcohol, lactan, oxime, malonic ester, Acetacetic acid alkyl ester, triazole, phenols, imidazoles, pyrazoles, and amine, for example Diacetylmonoxime, Diisopropylamine, 1,2,4-triazole, dimethyl-1,2, the mixture of 4-triazole, imidazoles, diethyl malonate, methyl aceto acetate, acetoxime, 3, ε-Ji Neixianan, the N-tertiary butyl-benzylamine, cyclopentanone carboxyl ethyl ester or any of these encapsulant.

Reaction product B reacts with glycidyl acrylate and/or glycidyl methacrylate by vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid and/or propylene dimer acid and prepares.Glycidyl methacrylate and acrylic acid reaction product are preferred.Acid is carried out with 0.90 to 1.00 to 1.30 to 1.00 equivalence ratio with the reaction of glycidyl compound, yet preferred equivalence ratio is 1.01 to 1.00 to 1.20 to 1.00.Reaction, transforms so that obtain advantageously at the catalyzer that at the end adds the smaller part component near reaction as far as possible completely preferably by catalysis.As glycidyl compound and carboxylic-acid catalyst for reaction, known following compound can be used as catalyzer from document: tertiary amine, tertiary phosphine, ammonium compound and phosphorus compound, sulfo-glycol ether, tin compound, chromium cpd, potassium compound and Cesium compound.Those of amine-containing compound or ammonium compound are not preferred.Triphenyl phosphine is particularly preferred.This reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of the stablizer of acrylate and methacrylic ester.Except that oxygen-containing gas, being used to avoid the amount that is fit to of the chemical stabilizer of premature polymerization is 0.01 to 1 weight %, preferred 0.1 to 0.5 weight % for the amount with respect to unsaturated compound.This class stablizer is described in for example Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie[organic chemistry method], the 4th edition, the XIV/1 volume, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, the Stuttgart, 1961, the 433 reach with nextpage.The example that can mention is: V-Brite B, sodium sulfhydrate, sulphur, hydrazine, phenylhydrazine, hydrazobenzene, the N-phenyl-, N-phenyl-ethanol diamines, dinitrobenzene, picric acid, NDMA, diphenyl-nitrosamine, phenols is p methoxy phenol for example, 2,5-two-tertiary butylated hydroquinone, 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, p-ten.-butylcatechol or 2,5-two-amyl hydroquinone, tetramethyl thiuram disulfide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 40min salt, thiodiphenylamine, N-hydrocarbon oxy compound for example 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine-N-oxide compound (TEMPO) or a kind of its derivative.2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol and p methoxy phenol, with and composition thereof, be preferred.

This reaction can be carried out in the presence of organic solvent, and described organic solvent is inert for educt and product and also is inert for isocyanic ester preferably.Example is for example for example hexanaphthene, methylcyclohexane or an octane-iso of butylacetate, solvent naphtha, acetate methoxy-propyl ester or hydro carbons of paint solvent.After reaction is finished, solvent can be removed, for example remove by distillation, perhaps can be retained among the reaction product B.For the preparation of B, preferably do not use solvent.Component can any consecutive reaction.Preferably, a kind of component is initial charge, to the catalyzer and the stablizer that wherein add main amount, and under agitation heats.Then other component is distributed together or preferably little by little distribute, temperature is kept constant as far as possible by means of heating and reaction heat.Measure transformation efficiency by analyzing.This can pass through spectroscopy, for example measures by infrared or near infrared wave spectrum, yet also can carry out chemical analysis to the sample of extraction.Acid content and epoxide content especially react the tolerance that is fit to of conversion.Distribute and be reflected under 60 ℃ to 140 ℃, preferred 70 ℃ to 120 ℃, preferred especially 80 ℃ to 95 ℃ temperature and carry out.Reaction preferably proceed to epoxide content less than 0.2 weight %, preferably less than 0.1 weight % (calculating) and acid number with M=42 less than 10mgKOH/g, especially preferably less than 5mgKOH/g.If termination reaction before this, can be for example by applying vacuum or by gas, this gas preferably comprises oxygen, correspondingly obtain low epoxide and oxygen level to reduce remaining educt content, to make.Equally can by add for example stronger acid of a spot of epoxide-reactive compounds, for example butyl phosphate reduces epoxide content.Can for example reduce residual acid content in a similar fashion by reacting with carbodiimide or aziridine.

The product B that produces can further be reacted immediately or can at first be preserved or carry.Further reaction is preferred carries out with polyisocyanates A, and not further purification, for example extracts or distills.According to gel permeation chromatography, have the component concentration of the B of oligomeric or polymerization property, preferably less than 35, especially preferably less than 25 weight %.

The reaction of A and B is urethane (urethanisation) preferably.Except that urethane, for example, comprise the polyisocyanates A of oxa-diazine three ketone groups and the allophanic acid esterification of B and also be fine, wherein under the catalysis that is fit to, discharge carbonic acid gas.After the reaction of A and B, known other reaction is possible in vulcabond and polyisocyanates chemistry, for example further urethane, and/or allophanic acid esterification, biuretized, trimerization, urea form and/or uretdionisation, randomly add the reactive compound that has with isocyanic ester, for example hydroxyl or aminocompound.Especially, the isocyanate groups that remains free can react with technical field of coatings encapsulant known to the skilled.Below can be used as the example of encapsulant: alcohol, lactan, oxime, malonic ester, Acetacetic acid alkyl ester, triazole, phenols, imidazoles, pyrazoles, and amine, for example Diacetylmonoxime, Diisopropylamine, 1,2,4-triazole, dimethyl-1,2, the mixture of 4-triazole, imidazoles, diethyl malonate, methyl aceto acetate, acetoxime, 3, ε-Ji Neixianan, the N-tertiary butyl-benzylamine, cyclopentanone carboxyl ethyl ester or any of these encapsulant.If for example wish to use the reaction product in the water-based paint system, then can introduce hydrophilization or potential hydrophilization group in addition.

Can add the vulcabond under the A name of additional quantity in addition, so that carry out possible further reaction.Can also be by separation method, for example unreacted vulcabond is removed in distillation.

Because preferably use polyisocyanates based on oligomeric vulcabond as A, wherein removed excessive vulcabond, so the reaction product of A and B comprises preferably less than 0.5 weight %, the preferred especially monomeric diisocyanate less than 0.2 weight % by the method that is fit to.If this reaction product is used to prepare the stiffening agent of two curing types, then the equivalence ratio of selective reaction A and B makes this reaction product still comprise the isocyanate groups of free or sealing.At this, particularly preferably being isocyanate group mass contg (M=42) is 0.5 to 25, especially 3.0 to 12.0 weight %.The inventive method also is suitable for preparing the reaction product of the A and the B of the isocyanate groups that does not comprise free or sealing.But these can be used to prepare the composition of photochemical crosslinking.

Reaction A and B can carry out by means of the catalyzer of known acceleration isocyanic ester addition reaction, described catalyzer for example is tertiary amine, tin compound, zn cpds or bismuth compound, especially triethylamine, 1,4-diazabicylo-[2,2,2]-and octane, Bismuth Octoate or dibutyl tin laurate, it can exist when beginning or distribute afterwards.

In addition, can advantageously add stablizer.Can use the compound of the stabilization of mentioning hereinbefore that is used for (methyl) acrylate, and stable isocyanic ester, make it to avoid to carry out compound with desirable those different reactions.The latter's example is acid or acid derivative particularly, the for example acid esters of Benzoyl chloride, phthalyl chloride, phosphinous acid, phosphonous acid and/or phosphorous acid, phospho acid, phosphonic acids and/or phosphoric acid and these 6 kinds of acids of just having mentioned, sulfuric acid and its acid esters and/or sulfonic acid.Stablizer can before the reaction, during and/or add afterwards.

This reaction can be to carry out in the presence of the organic solvent of inert and/or the reactive diluent for educt and product.The example of solvent particularly paint solvent for example ethyl acetate, butylacetate, as contain aromatic solvent from the solvent naphtha of Exxon-Chemie and/or acetate methoxy-propyl ester and acetone, butanone.After reaction was finished, solvent can be removed, and for example removed by distillation and desolvated, and perhaps can preferably be retained among the reaction product B.As required, appropriate solvent can also add after reaction.Outside desolventizing, can also use reactive diluent.This class reactive diluent for example is that compound known in radiation curing technology is (referring to R mpp Lexikon Chemie, the 491st page, the 10th edition, 1998, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart), especially have less than 30, preferably less than those of the low hydroxy radical content of 10mgKOH/g.For example, can mention following these: the ester of vinylformic acid or methacrylic acid, preferred vinylformic acid and following alcohol: monohydroxy-alcohol is isomery butanols, amylalcohol, hexanol, enanthol, octanol, nonyl alcohol and decyl alcohol for example, alicyclic alcohol for example Phenoxyethanol and nonyl phenylethyl alcohol of iso-borneol alcohol, hexalin and alkylation hexalin, two cyclopentanol, aromatic grease group alcohol for example, and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol in addition.In addition, can use these pure alkoxy derivatives, dibasic alcohol is ethylene glycol, 1 for example, 2-propylene glycol, 1, the butyleneglycol of ammediol, glycol ether, dipropylene glycol, isomery, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 2-Rutgers 612 and tripropylene glycol, perhaps these pure alkoxy derivatives.Preferred dibasic alcohol is 1,6-hexylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and tripropylene glycol.Can use the ester of polyvalent alcohol equally, described polyvalent alcohol for example is glycerol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), two (TriMethylolPropane(TMP)), tetramethylolmethane or Dipentaerythritol or its alkoxy derivative.

The reaction of A and B can for example carried out in the static mixer in a continuous manner, perhaps carries out in the stirred vessel that for example is fit in discontinuous mode.If this process is discontinuous, A and B all can be initial charges, at room temperature or at elevated temperatures distribute corresponding other components therein.By means of heating and/or thermopositive reaction, this reaction preferably is maintained at 40 ℃ to 130 ℃, 60 ℃ to 80 ℃ temperature range particularly.Use the assay transformation efficiency.This can pass through spectroscopy, for example measures by infrared or near infrared wave spectrum, yet also can carry out chemical analysis to the sample of extraction.Isocyanate content, randomly and hydroxy radical content, the tolerance that is fit to that transforms of reaction especially.

Two key density (acrylate and methacrylic ester) of preferred A and the reaction product of B are 1.0 or above, preferred 2.0 or above mole of every kilogram of C=C (with respect to non-volatile component).

C1) one or more by the inventive method preparation polyisocyanates and

C3) other polyisocyanates randomly, its randomly comprise one or more under the actinic radiation effect functional groups by polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds reaction,

C5) randomly catalyzer and

C6) randomly auxiliary agent and additive,

C7) component C1 randomly) to C6) between reaction product.

Component C2) compound can be monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric, and comprise at least one, preferred two or more reactive groups that have with isocyanic ester.

Component C2) the compound that is fit to is lower molecular weight short chain-promptly comprise 2 to 20 carbon atom-aliphatic series, araliphatic or alicyclic diols, triol and/or higher polyol more.Below be the example of glycol: ethylene glycol, glycol ether, triglycol, Tetraglycol 99, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1, ammediol, 1, the diethyl ethohexadiol, 1 of 4-butyleneglycol, neopentyl glycol, 2-ethyl-2-butyl propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, position isomerism, 3-butyleneglycol, cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 1,2-and 1,4-cyclohexanediol, Hydrogenated Bisphenol A (2, two (4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl) propane of 2-), 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-propionic acid-(2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-propyl ester).The example of the triol that is fit to is trimethylolethane, TriMethylolPropane(TMP) and glycerol.The higher functional alcohol that is fit to is two (TriMethylolPropane(TMP)s), tetramethylolmethane, Dipentaerythritol and Sorbitol Powder.

The higher molecular weight polyalcohol for example polyester polyol, polyether glycol, hydroxyl-functional acrylic resin, hydroxyl-functional polyurethane(s) or corresponding hydride (referring to R mppLexikon Chemie, the 465-466 page or leaf, the 10th edition, 1998, Georg-Thieme-Verlag Stuttgart) also is fit to.

In addition, all compounds, it has at least one and has and reactive group of isocyanic ester and the unsaturated functional group that at least one reacts by polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds under the actinic radiation effect, can use individually or use, as component C2 with any mixture) compound.

The preferred α that uses, the beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative is acrylate, methacrylic ester, maleic acid ester, fumarate, maleimide, acrylamide and vinyl ether, propenyl ether, allyl ethers and comprise the unitary compound of dicyclopentadienyl for example, it has at least one and has reactive group with isocyanic ester, especially preferably has the acrylate and the methacrylic ester of at least one isocyanic ester-reactive group.

Consideration with following as hydroxyl-functional acrylate or methacrylic ester, for example: compound is (methyl) vinylformic acid 2-hydroxyethyl ester for example, polyethylene oxide list (methyl) acrylate, poly(propylene oxide) list (methyl) acrylate, polyalkylene oxide list (methyl) acrylate, poly-(6-caprolactone) single (methyl) acrylate, Tone  M100 (Dow for example, the U.S.), (methyl) vinylformic acid 2-hydroxypropyl ester, (methyl) vinylformic acid 4-hydroxybutyl ester, (methyl) vinylformic acid 3-hydroxyl-2,2-dimethylpropyl ester, polyvalent alcohol is TriMethylolPropane(TMP) for example, glycerol, tetramethylolmethane, Dipentaerythritol, ethoxylation, propoxylation or oxyalkylated trihydroxy methyl-propane, glycerol, tetramethylolmethane, the hydroxyl of Dipentaerythritol or its cuts-functional mono acrylic ester, diacrylate or tetraacrylate.

In addition, comprise the oligomeric or unsaturated acrylate group of polymeric of isocyanic ester-reactivity-and/or the compound of methacrylate based group be fit to use separately, perhaps mix with above-mentioned monomeric compound.At this, use preferably that OH content is 30 to 300mgKOH/g, preferred 60 to 200, preferred especially 70 to 120mgKOH/g the polyester acrylate that comprises oh group.

The preparation of polyester acrylate is described in DE-A4040290 (6 page of the 24th row of page 3 the 25th row-Di), DE-A 3 316 592 (11 page of the 30th row of page 5 the 14th row-Di) and P.K.T.Oldring (editor), Chemistry; Technology of UV and EB Formulationsfor Coatings, Inks and Paints, the 2nd volume, 1991, SITA technology, London, 123-135 page or leaf.

Can use following material equally: epoxy (methyl) acrylate of known hydroxyl group own, its OH content is 20 to 300mgKOH/g, preferred 100 to 280mgKOH/g, preferred especially 150 to 250mgKOH/g, the perhaps polyurethane(s) of hydroxyl group (methyl) acrylate, its OH content is 20 to 300mgKOH/g, preferred 40 to 150mgKOH/g, preferred especially 50 to 100mgKOH/g, the perhaps polyacrylic ester of acrylated, its OH content is 20 to 300mgKOH/g, preferred 40 to 150mgKOH/g, preferred especially 50 to 100mgKOH/g, with and composition thereof and with the mixture of the unsaturated polyester of hydroxyl group, and with the mixture of polyester (methyl) acrylate, the perhaps mixture of the unsaturated polyester of hydroxyl group and polyester (methyl) acrylate.This compounds is described in P.K.T.Oldring (editor), Chemistry ﹠amp equally; Technology of UV and EB Pormulations for Coatings, Inks and Paints, the 2nd volume, 1991, SITA Technology, London, 37-56 page or leaf.The epoxy of hydroxyl group (methyl) acrylate is especially based on the reaction product of the epoxide (glycidyl compound) of vinylformic acid and/or methacrylic acid and monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric bisphenol-A, bisphenol-f, hexylene glycol and/or butyleneglycol or its ethoxylation and/or propoxylated derivative.The acrylated polyacrylic ester can for example react by glycidyl-functional polyacrylic ester and (methyl) vinylformic acid and prepare.

At C3) implication in, polyisocyanates is based on the isocyanic ester of having mentioned in A, comprise the preferred range of wherein mentioning.When using encapsulant, all isocyanate groups can be closed.Polyisocyanates C3) can randomly comprise one or more functional groups of under the actinic radiation effect, reacting by polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds.These groups can be by known method itself, by making C2) in unsaturated and isocyanic ester-reactive compound of mentioning and saturated polyisocyanates react and prepare, C2 wherein) in monomeric undersaturated and isocyanic ester-reactive compound of mentioning be preferred.

Polymkeric substance is polyacrylic ester, polyurethane(s), polysiloxane for example, and the compound by the reaction of polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds can be used as component C4 under the actinic radiation effect) compound.This class group is α, the beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative, for example acrylate, methacrylic ester, maleic acid ester, fumarate, maleimide, acrylamide, and vinyl ether, propenyl ether, allyl ethers and comprise the unitary compound of dicyclopentadienyl.Acrylate and methacrylic ester are preferred.Example is included in the radiation curing technology in the known reactive diluent (with reference to R mpp Lexikon Chemic, the 491st page, the 10th edition, 1998, Georg-Thieme-Vedag, Stuttgart) or be included in radiation curing technology in the known base-material, polyether acrylate for example, polyester acrylate, urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, melamine acrylate, silicone acrylates, polycarbonate acrylic ester and acrylated polyacrylic ester, wherein these oh group content is less than 30, preferably less than 20, especially preferably less than 10mgKOH/g.

For example, as C4) the compound that can mention of composition be the ester of vinylformic acid or methacrylic acid, preferred vinylformic acid and following alcohol: monohydroxy-alcohol is isomery butanols, amylalcohol, hexanol, enanthol, octanol, nonyl alcohol and decyl alcohol for example, alicyclic alcohol for example Phenoxyethanol and nonyl phenylethyl alcohol of iso-borneol alcohol, hexalin and alkylation hexalin, two cyclopentanol, aromatic grease group alcohol for example, and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol in addition.Can use these pure alkoxy derivatives in addition.Dibasic alcohol is ethylene glycol, 1 for example, 2-propylene glycol, 1, the butyleneglycol of ammediol, glycol ether, dipropylene glycol, isomery, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 2-Rutgers 612 and tripropylene glycol and these pure alkoxy derivatives.Preferred dibasic alcohol is 1,6-hexylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and tripropylene glycol.Polyvalent alcohol is glycerol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), two (TriMethylolPropane(TMP)), tetramethylolmethane or Dipentaerythritol or its alkoxy derivative.

For quicken deblocking or masked isocyanate and the assisted reaction agent that comprises active hydrogen accordingly for example alcohol, amine and blended comprise alcohol-and amine-the curing of assisted reaction agent, can be used as C5) the shared isocyanic ester chemistry of composition in known catalyzer.At this, under deblocking isocyanic ester situation, below be fit to: tertiary amine, tin compound, zn cpds or bismuth compound, particularly triethylamine, 1,4-diazabicylo-[2,2,2]-octane, two stannous octoates or dibutyl tin laurate.Under the masked isocyanate situation, the divalent ion at least of Lewis acid, for example the salt of zinc, titanium, zirconium and bismuth is fit to.

Catalyzer C5) amount is required to regulate according to solidified by those skilled in the art, wherein especially should consider solidification value, the curing speed and the randomly working life under free isocyanate groups group situation that need.The amount that is fit to is 0.01 to 2 weight % for example with respect to total solids, 0.05 to 1 weight % preferably, and 0.07 to 0.6 weight % catalyzer is particularly preferred.

Can be used as component C6) be included in additive common in varnish, paint, printing-ink, sealing agent and the adhesive techniques or auxiliary agent.These also comprise can pass through actinic radiation activatory initiator, and it causes the radical polymerization of corresponding polymerizable groups.Preferably pass through UV or visible-light activated light trigger at this.This photoinitiator is known commercially available compound that gets itself, and is divided into unit molecule (type i) and bimolecular (Type II) initiator.(type i) system that is fit to is an aromatic ketone compound for example, for example with tertiary amine bonded benzophenone, and alkyl diphenyl ketone, 4,4 '-two (dimethylamino) benzophenone (Michler's keton), the mixture of anthrone and halogenated benzophenone or these types.(Type II) initiator is bitter almond oil camphor and its derivative, benzilketals, acylphosphine oxide for example; for example 2; 4; 6-trimethylammonium-benzoyl-diphenyl phosphine oxide compound; two acylphosphine oxides, phenylglyoxylic acid ester, camphorquinone, alpha-aminoalkyl phenyl ketone, α, α-dialkoxy methyl phenyl ketone and Alpha-hydroxy alkyl phenyl ketone also are fit to.If coating-forming agent of the present invention is processed as water-based agent, the then preferred light trigger that is easy to add the water-based coating agent that uses.This series products is for example Irgacure  500, Irgacure  819DW (Ciba, Lampertheim, Germany), Esacure  KIP (Lamberti, Aldizzate, Italy).Can also use the mixture of these compounds.

If the curing of polymerisable component is thermal initiation, then peralcohol for example peroxidation two acyls be suitable as component C6) compound, benzoyl peroxide for example, alkyl hydroperoxide is diisopropylbenzene(DIPB) one hydroperoxide for example, alkyl super-acid ester is t-butyl perbenzoate for example, dialkyl peroxide is ditertiary butyl peroxide for example, inorganic peroxide is ammonium peroxydisulfate for example, Potassium Persulfate, peroxy dicarbonate is peroxy dicarbonate two hexadecyl esters or azo-compound for example 2 for example, 2 '-azo two [N-(2-propenyl)-2-methyl propanamide], 1-[(cyano group-1-methylethyl) azo] methane amide, 2,2 '-azo two (N-butyl-2-methyl propanamide), 2,2 '-azo two (N-cyclohexyl-2-methyl propanamide), 2,2 '-azo two { 2-methyl-N-[2-(1-hydroxybutyl)] propionic acid amide }, 2, two { 2-methyl-the N-[1 of 2 '-azo, two (the methylol)-2-hydroxyethyls of 1-] propionic acid amide, and benzpinacone and its derivative.For the water-based paint system, preferred compound is water miscible or exists as aqueous emulsion.These free radicals form agent and can be used in combination with promotor in known manner.

The available additive is stablizer, photostabilizer for example UV absorption agent and bulky amine (HALS) in addition, and oxidation inhibitor, filler and oil paint additive, for example anti-sedimentation agent, antifoam agent and/or wetting agent, flow promotor, reactive diluent, softening agent, catalyzer, secondary solvent and/or thickening material and pigment, dyestuff and/or matting agent, they are at B) in be described.The application of photostabilizer, and all kinds for example are described in A.Valet, the photostabilizer of Lichtschutzmittel f ü r Lacke[coating], VincentzVerlag, Hanover, 1996.

Coating-forming agent of the present invention can be applied on the base material various in style by ordinary method, for example spraying, roller coat or cutter are coated with, general being coated with (flooding), spraying, brushing, dipping or dip-coating, perhaps pass through for example notch board, flexographic printing or offset printing of printing technology, and pass through transfer method.The base material that is fit to is a timber for example, metal, especially for example be used for so-called lead, coil, the metal that jar or container coating are used, and plastics, comprise form of film, ABS particularly, AMMA, ASA, CA, CAB, EP, UF, CF, MF, MPF, PF, PAN, PA, PE, HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, UHMWPE, PET, PMMA, PP, PS, SB, PUR, PVC, RF, SAN, PBT, PPE, POM, PUR-RIM, SMC, BMC, PP-EPDM and UP (according to slightly writing of DIN 7728 parts 1), paper, leather, textiles, felt, glass, timber, wooden material, cork, unit's machine adherent base material is wood cement board and asbestos cement plate for example, electronic devices and components molectron or mineral substrates.By the base material that various above-mentioned materialss are formed, the base material that has perhaps applied also can be coated.Can also only coating-forming agent be applied on the base material, then they partially or fully be solidified, and then remove them, so that for example prepare film in interim mode.Coating-forming agent of the present invention is particularly useful for the coating of vehicle, particularly car body or extention, is preferably the form of Clear coating.

The layer thickness that applies (before solidifying) is usually between 0.5 and 5000 micron, preferably between 5 and 1500 microns, between 15 and 1000 microns.When using solvent, after applying, be removed by usual method.

Radiation curing preferably carries out under the high-energy radiation effect, for example ultraviolet radiation or daylight, and for example wavelength is the light of 200 to 750 nanometers, perhaps uses high energy electron irradiation (electron radiation, 90 to 300keV).For example, high pressure mercury vapour lamp plays light or ultraviolet source of radiation, and wherein mercuryvapour can be by for example gallium or iron come modification by mixing other elements.Laser apparatus, flashlight (being called as UV flash of light source), halogen lamp or eximer source are available equally.Source of radiation can be installed in the fixed position, by means of mechanism radiation exposed article is moved by source of radiation, and perhaps source of radiation can be movably, and radiation exposed article during curing do not change the position.Usually in solidifying, UV is enough to crosslinked radiation dose 80 to 5000mJ/cm ²Within the scope.

Radiation can randomly be carried out under eliminating oxygen, for example carries out under the atmosphere of inert gas atmosphere or oxygen minimizing.Preferably, nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, rare gas element or combustion gases are the rare gas elementes that are fit to.Radiation can also be carried out under the situation that coating covers with radiation-transparent medium.These example is for example plastics film, glass or liquid such as water.

Depend on radiation dose and condition of cure, randomly the type of the initiator of Shi Yonging and concentration can change and/or optimize in the manner known to persons skilled in the art or by means of preliminary experiment.

The mercury high-voltage power supply that install the fixed position is particularly preferred for solidifying.Be 0.1 to 10, preferred especially 0.2 under the concentration of weight %, to use light trigger in solids content then with respect to coating.In 200 to 600 nanometer wavelength range, measure 200 to 3000mJ/cm ²Dosage be optimized for and solidify these coatings.

Coating of the present invention also is cured by the effect of heat energy.At this, heat energy can be introduced by radiation, thermal conduction and/or convection current, uses infrared source, near infrared source and/or baking oven commonly used in the coating technology usually.Randomly the crosslinking reaction of the isocyanic ester-reactive group of Feng Bi isocyanate groups and coating-forming agent is initiated by heat energy is provided.If there is free isocyanate groups group in coating-forming agent, randomly the available energy in the environment for use to solidify step by step, makes and need not introduce extra heat energy in system.

Because the effect by actinic radiation and heat energy produces two kinds of independently chemisms, thus actinic radiation/heat energy sequence and therefore the sequence of described mechanism can at random make up and change.Optional organic solvent and/or the water that exists is preferably at first removed by method common in the coating technology.In preferred scheme, undertaken fully by the actinic radiation effect at first then or partly solidify.Thermofixation can be carried out or carry out subsequently immediately, and can carry out in same position or independent position.Like this, for example can produce flexible coating at first, it can stand the distortion of base material injury-freely, further they is solidified in the mode of heat subsequently then.Like this, for example can apply the metal that has randomly applied, the metal of described coating is the form of so-called coil, then at first by means of the actinic radiation effect with paint solidification to provide flexible coating.Specific then part can be taken out (extracted) by those methods well known by persons skilled in the art, for example punching press from the coil that applies, reshape with mechanical means then, and do not make coating suffer for example to damage and chap.For example the crosslinking reaction of the isocyanic ester-reactive group of masked isocyanate group and coating-forming agent is initiated by means of heat energy subsequently, therefore obtain very competent coating, it for example also is fit to as car body or is used for the Clear coating of structural partsof automobiles.

Embodiment

Acid number: be expressed as the mgKOH/g of sample, according to DIN 3682, with the titration of 0.1mol/lNaOH solution, use bromthymol blue indicator (ethanolic soln), color becomes blueness from yellow via green.

Hydroxyl value: be expressed as the mgKOH/g of sample, according to DIN 53240, after with the cold acetylize of the catalytic diacetyl oxide of dimethyl aminopyridine, with the titration of 0.1mol/lKOH methanol solution.

Epoxide value: sample is dissolved in methylene dichloride/acetate, after adding tetrabutylammonium iodide, uses perchloric acid solution (0.1mol/l) titration.At this, collect the amine of release and the basic amine of existence.Alkalescence (dissociating) amine is measured in a similar fashion, but does not add tetrabutylammonium iodide.Epoxide content percentage ratio calculates as CH-O-CH (MG=42g/mol), is calculated by described difference.According to DIN 16945.

Isocyanate content: be expressed as percentage ratio, after reacting, use the back titration of 0.1mol/l hydrochloric acid with butylamine.According to DIN EN ISO 11909.

Gel permeation chromatography (GPC): eluant THF, RI detects, integration after proofreading and correct with the polystyrene standard sample.

Viscosity: rotational viscosimeter, for glycidyl methacrylate and acrylic acid reaction, under 23 ℃ and 250/s shear gradient, measure, for the reaction of polyisocyanates, under the 40/s shear gradient, measure.

Percentage ratio is weight percentage, except as otherwise noted.

Glycidyl methacrylate and acrylic acid reaction:

In each case, in having the Glass Containers of aperture, under magnetic agitation, under 90 ℃, make 13.27 gram glycidyl methacrylate, 0.02 gram 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, 6.78 gram vinylformic acid and in each case 0.10 gram according to the catalyst reaction of table 1.After 24 hours, measure acid number.If it surpasses 4mgKOH/g, then continue down to stir other 24h and measure acid number once more at 90 ℃.

Table 1: the series of trials under 90 ℃

Embodiment	Catalyzer	Behind the acid number 24h (mgKOH/g)	Behind the acid number 48h (mgKOH/g)	Hydroxyl value (mgKOH/g)	GPC master signal (% area)	Outward appearance
Embodiment	Catalyzer	Behind the acid number 24h (mgKOH/g)	Behind the acid number 48h (mgKOH/g)	Hydroxyl value (mgKOH/g)	GPC master signal (% area)	Outward appearance	1	Tetrabutylammonium	9.2	?1.2	?222	?70
2	Triethylamine	5.3	?0.8	?220	?68	Yellow	1	Tetrabutylammonium	9.2	?1.2	?222	?70
2	Triethylamine	5.3	?0.8	?220	?68	Yellow	3	Fascat 4100 ^*)	7.0	?3.8	?208	?58
4	Cesium chloride	5.9	?0.7	?224	?70	Yellow	3	Fascat 4100 ^*)	7.0	?3.8	?208	?58
4	Cesium chloride	5.9	?0.7	?224	?70	Yellow	5	Bromination tetrabutyl phosphorus	6.2	?0.8	?219	?71	Yellow
6	dizabicycl ooctane	9.0	?1.9	?232	?80	Yellow	5	Bromination tetrabutyl phosphorus	6.2	?0.8	?219	?71	Yellow
6	dizabicycl ooctane	9.0	?1.9	?232	?80	Yellow	7	Dibutyl phosphate	12.4	?6.0	?-	?-	-
8	Stannous octoate (II)	9.3	?7.4	?-	?-	Viscosity	7	Dibutyl phosphate	12.4	?6.0	?-	?-	-
8	Stannous octoate (II)	9.3	?7.4	?-	?-	Viscosity	9	Dibutyl tin laurate	12.3	?6.4	?-	?-	-
10	Thiodiglycol	8.5	?4.4	?-	?-	-	9	Dibutyl tin laurate	12.3	?6.4	?-	?-	-
10	Thiodiglycol	8.5	?4.4	?-	?-	-	11	3-ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride	2.7	?-	?245	?84	-
12	Triphenyl phosphine	1.3	?-	?224	?68	-	11	3-ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride	2.7	?-	?245	?84	-
12	Triphenyl phosphine	1.3	?-	?224	?68	-	13	Dimethyl aminopyridine	1.4	?-	?249	?85	Yellow

*) tin-containing catalyst is from Elf-Atochem

The catalyzer of all researchs has shown enough activity.After 24 hours, the product of embodiment 11 to 13 has very low acid number few.Under 80 ℃ temperature of reaction, repeat embodiment 11 to 13 (table 2).

Table 2: the series of trials under 80 ℃

Embodiment	Catalyzer	Behind the acid number 24h (mgKOH/g)	Behind the acid number 48h (mgKOH/g)	Hydroxyl value (mgKOH/g)	GPC master signal (% area)	Outward appearance
Embodiment	Catalyzer	Behind the acid number 24h (mgKOH/g)	Behind the acid number 48h (mgKOH/g)	Hydroxyl value (mgKOH/g)	GPC master signal (% area)	Outward appearance	14	3-ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride	9.2	?2.1	?243	?79	-
15	Triphenyl phosphine	6.3	?1.0	?220	?75	-	14	3-ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride	9.2	?2.1	?243	?79	-
15	Triphenyl phosphine	6.3	?1.0	?220	?75	-	16	Dimethyl aminopyridine	5.7	?1.6	?244	?82	Yellow

Even remain active at 80 ℃ of following catalyzer.

Embodiment 17 and Comparative Example V I:

With 9290 gram glycidyl methacrylate, 70.0 gram triphenyl phosphines and 14.0 grams 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol is introduced 15 liters stirred vessel.With 5 liters/hour speed air is passed through reaction mixture, and nitrogen is passed through reaction mixture with 10 liters/hour speed.Under agitation with mixture heating up to 70 ℃.Under this temperature, in 5 hours, add 4710 gram vinylformic acid.Temperature is elevated to 81 ℃ during beginning, remains on then between 65 and 70 ℃.After adding was finished, temperature was lifted to 90 ℃.After 90 ℃ of following 6h, to the sample determination of extraction, acid number is 9.4mgKOH/g.Add 14.0 other gram triphenyl phosphines then.After 90 ℃ of other down 6h, to the extraction sample determination, acid number is 1.8mgKOH/g.Cool off then.Epoxide content is 0.60%.Remove the sample of this product (VI) and be used for comparison test.Resistates stirs other 24h down at 90 ℃.Epoxide content is 0.10%.

Characteristic data, at room temperature preserve after the 24h in each case:

	Viscosity	Hydroxyl value	Acid number	The epoxide value	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Hydroxyl value	Acid number	The epoxide value	Color index (APHA)	Comparative Example V I	?233mPas	?233	?0.9	?0.60％	18
Embodiment 17	?245mPas	?228	?0.6	?0.10％	25	Comparative Example V I	?233mPas	?233	?0.9	?0.60％	18

Embodiment 18:

Repetition embodiment 17, carry out following change: weigh: 8484 gram glycidyl methacrylate, 45.5 gram triphenyl phosphines and 13.0 grams 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, and 4517 gram vinylformic acid and 13.0 restrain triphenyl phosphines as second section.Vinylformic acid add finish after, before the acid number of measuring is 9.5mgKOH/g through 13 hours.After the triphenyl phosphine that adds second section, acid number is 3.8 after 15h.

At room temperature preserve 24h characteristic data afterwards:

	Viscosity	Hydroxyl value	Acid number	The epoxide value	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Hydroxyl value	Acid number	The epoxide value	Color index (APHA)	Embodiment 18	65mPas	228	3.5	0.10％	29

Embodiment 19:

Repeat embodiment 17, carry out following change: equipment 2-rises glass flask, weigh: 391.5 gram glycidyl methacrylate, 1.20 gram triphenyl phosphines and 0.60 gram 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, and 208.5 gram vinylformic acid and 0.60 restrain triphenyl phosphine as second section.Introducing air is lowered to 0.5 liter/h.Do not pass through nitrogen.Finish in 1h after acrylic acid adding, the acid number of mensuration is that 9.5mgKOH/g is before through 20h.After the triphenyl phosphine that adds second section, acid number is 3.1 after 23h.

At room temperature preserve 24h characteristic data afterwards:

	Viscosity	Hydroxyl value	Acid number	The epoxide value	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Hydroxyl value	Acid number	The epoxide value	Color index (APHA)	Embodiment 19	76mPas	232	3.0	＜0.10％	85

Comparative Example V 2

Repeat embodiment 19, carry out following change: equipment 2-rises glass flask, replaces triphenyl phosphine with 9.00 gram 3-ethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides.The amount of further weighing: 1214.3 gram glycidyl methacrylate, 1.80 grams 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, and 585.7 gram vinylformic acid.Omit the catalyzer of second section.Add vinylformic acid at 4h in time, the acid number of measuring after the time at the afterreaction of 24h is 0.3.

At room temperature preserve 24h characteristic data afterwards:

	Viscosity	Hydroxyl value	Acid number	The epoxide value	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Hydroxyl value	Acid number	The epoxide value	Color index (APHA)	Comparative Example V 2	80mPas	228	0.3	0.8％	80

React with polyisocyanates

Comparative Example V 3:

Restrain Desmodur  N3300 (based on the polyisocyanates of hexamethylene diisocyanate with 159.4, it has main isocyanurate structure, NCO content 21.8%, viscosity 3000mPas/23 ℃, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany), 0.23 gram 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol and 25.0 gram n-butyl acetates are weighed to the 2-with agitator and gas inlet (0.3 liter of/hour air) and rise in the glass flask.Under agitation should batch be heated to 60 ℃ then, in 25 minutes, add the products (epoxide content 0.8%) of the preparation in Comparative Example V 2 of 65.6 grams.Continuation is stirred down at 60 ℃, strong exothermal reaction takes place after adding about 30 minutes finishing.Reaction mixture is heated to and surpasses 150 ℃ and solidify and provide stone polymkeric substance.

Comparative Example V 4-V10:

Restrain Desmodur  N3300 (based on the polyisocyanates of hexamethylene diisocyanate with 159.4, it has main isocyanurate structure, NCO content 21.8%, viscosity 3000mPas/23 ℃, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany), 0.23 gram 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol and 25.0 gram n-butyl acetates are weighed to the 2-with agitator and gas inlet (0.3 liter of/hour air) and rise in the glass flask.According to table 3, randomly add the stablizer (referring to " chain terminator in the initial batches " row) of isocyanate groups.Under agitation should batch be heated to 60 ℃ then, in 25 minutes, add the products (epoxide content 0.6%) of the preparation in Comparative Example V 1 of 65.6 grams.Continuation 60 ℃ of stirrings up to the isocyanate content of sample less than 9.3%.According to table 3, randomly add the stablizer (referring to " chain terminator during end " row) of isocyanate groups.Product at room temperature and under 60 ℃ is kept in the sealed glass bottle respectively.

Comparative Example V 11

Repeat Comparative Example V 4, yet use 3-acryloxy-2-hydroxypropylmethyl acrylate (epoxide content 0.25%, Sigma-Aldrich GmbH, Steinheim, Germany) to replace the product that in V1, prepares now.

Comparative Example V 12

Repeat Comparative Example V 4, yet use glycerol dimethacrylate (Degussa/R hm, Darmstadt, Germany) to replace the product that in V1, prepares now.Thermopositive reaction is not observed in reaction batch gelation after 2h.

Embodiment 20:

Repeat Comparative Example V 4, however the product that product (epoxide content 0.1%) replacement of use embodiment 17 prepares in V1.

Table 3

Embodiment	Chain terminator in the initial batches	Chain terminator during end	Preserve under the room temperature	Preserve down at 60 ℃
Embodiment	Chain terminator in the initial batches	Chain terminator during end	Preserve under the room temperature	Preserve down at 60 ℃	V4	Do not have	Do not have	Gelation after 11 days	Gelation after 4 days
V5	Benzoyl chloride 0.02wt%	Do not have	Gelation after 20 days	Gelation after 4 days	V4	Do not have	Do not have	Gelation after 11 days	Gelation after 4 days
V5	Benzoyl chloride 0.02wt%	Do not have	Gelation after 20 days	Gelation after 4 days	V6	Do not have	Benzoyl chloride 0.02wt%	Gelation after 16 days	Gelation after 5 days
V7	4-toluenesulphonic acids 0.02wt%	Do not have	Gelation after 15 days	Gelation after 5 days	V6	Do not have	Benzoyl chloride 0.02wt%	Gelation after 16 days	Gelation after 5 days
V7	4-toluenesulphonic acids 0.02wt%	Do not have	Gelation after 15 days	Gelation after 5 days	V8	Do not have	4-toluenesulphonic acids 0.02wt%	Gelation after 15 days	Gelation after 5 days
V9	Dibutyl phosphate 0.02%	Do not have	Gelation after 21 days	Gelation after 8 days	V8	Do not have	4-toluenesulphonic acids 0.02wt%	Gelation after 15 days	Gelation after 5 days
V9	Dibutyl phosphate 0.02%	Do not have	Gelation after 21 days	Gelation after 8 days	V10	Do not have	Dibutyl phosphate 0.02wt%	Gelation after 21 days	Gelation after 8 days
V11	Do not have	Do not have	Gelation after 16 days	Gelation after 6 days	V10	Do not have	Dibutyl phosphate 0.02wt%	Gelation after 21 days	Gelation after 8 days
V11	Do not have	Do not have	Gelation after 16 days	Gelation after 6 days	20	Do not have	Do not have	Stop after 21 days, come to nothing	Stop after 21 days, come to nothing

The comparative example 13

Restrain Desmodur  XP2410 (based on the polyisocyanates of hexamethylene diisocyanate with 3299, it has main isocyanuric acid ester and imidoyl-oxadiazine-diketone structural unit, NCO content 23.0 weight %, viscosity 700mPas/23 ℃, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany), 4.95 grams 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.99 gram Benzoyl chloride and 550 gram n-butyl acetates are weighed in 6 liters of glass flask with agitator and gas inlet (0.4 liter of/hour air).Under agitation with mixture heating up to 60 ℃.Under this temperature, in 6h, add product 1651 grams of Comparative Example V 1.Continuing to stir 3h after adding is finished, is about 9.1% up to NCO content.Stir to add 4.95 other grams 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol and cooling off.

At room temperature preserve 24h characteristic data afterwards:

	Viscosity	Solid content	NCO content	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Solid content	NCO content	Color index (APHA)	Comparative Example V 13	2050mPas	89.6％	9.0％	25

Product at room temperature and under 60 ℃ is kept in the sealed glass bottle respectively.In two kinds of situations, in 8 days gelationization takes place.

Embodiment 21:

With 500 gram Desmodur  XP2410,0.76 gram 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.15 gram dibutyl phosphate and 190 gram n-butyl acetates are weighed in 2 liters of glass flask with agitator and gas inlet (0.3 liter of/hour air).Under agitation with mixture heating up to 60 ℃.Under this temperature, in 2h, add the product (epoxide content＜0.1%) of the embodiment 19 of 260 grams.Continuing to stir 9h after adding is finished, is about 9.1% up to NCO content.

At room temperature preserve 24h characteristic data afterwards:

	Viscosity	Solids content	NCO content	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Solids content	NCO content	Color index (APHA)	Embodiment 21	280mPas	79.1％	9.1％	50

Product at room temperature and under 60 ℃ is kept in the sealed glass bottle respectively.After February, stop to preserve.There is not sample generation gelation.

Embodiment 22:

Restrain Desmodur  Z4470 (based on the polyisocyanates of isophorone diisocyanate with 665, it has main isocyanurate structure unit, in n-butyl acetate 70%, NCO content 11.9%, viscosity 600mPas/23 ℃, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany), 0.67 the gram 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.13 the gram Benzoyl chloride and 85 the gram n-butyl acetates be weighed in 2 liters of glass flask with agitator and gas inlet (0.3 liter/h air).Under agitation with mixture heating up to 60 ℃.Under this temperature, in 3h, add the product (epoxide content 0.1%) of 126.2 gram embodiment 18.Continuing to stir 8h after adding is finished, is about 5.5% up to NCO content.

At room temperature preserve 24h characteristic data afterwards:

	Viscosity	Solids content	NCO content	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Solids content	NCO content	Color index (APHA)	Embodiment 22	650mPas	70.3％	5.5％	31

Embodiment 23:(is used for adding for example sealing dual curing agent of dispersion or slurries of water-based paint system)

With 1299.0 gram Desmodur  N3300,2.48 grams 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.01 gram dibutyl tin laurate and 620.2 gram 2-butanone are weighed to the 4-with agitator and gas inlet (0.4 liter of/hour air) and rise in the glass flask.Under agitation with mixture heating up to 60 ℃.Under this temperature, in 3h, add 287.8 gram 3 in batches.Continue then to stir about 2h, reach 7.0% up to NCO content.The product (epoxide content＜0.1%) that in 7h, adds the embodiment 19 of 893.3 grams then.Continuing to stir other 12h after adding is finished, is less than 0.1% up to NCO content.

	Viscosity	Solids content	NCO content	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Solids content	NCO content	Color index (APHA)	Embodiment 23	1300mPas	79.5％	0.1% (4.0% is untight)	121

Embodiment 24 (be used for adding the water-based paint system for example dispersion or slurries sealing and the dual curing agent of hydrophilization potentially)

With 2190 gram Desmodur  N3300,4.00 grams 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.02 gram dibutyl tin laurate and 1000 gram dibasic esters (from the solvent of Dupont) are weighed in 6 liters of glass flask with agitator and gas inlet (0.5 liter of/hour air).Under agitation with mixture heating up to 60 ℃.Under this temperature, in 3h, add 690.8 gram 3 in batches, add 132.6 gram hydroxy new pentane acid then.Continue then to stir about 3h, reach 3.1% up to NCO content.The product (epoxide content＜0.1%) that in 2h, adds the embodiment 19 of 986.2 grams then.Continuing down to stir other 12h at 70 ℃ after adding is finished, is less than 0.1% up to NCO content.

At room temperature preserve 24h characteristic data afterwards:

	Viscosity	Solids content	Acid number	NCO content	Color index (APHA)
	Viscosity	Solids content	Acid number	NCO content	Color index (APHA)	Embodiment 24	18600mPas	79.6％	10.4	0.1% (6.0% sealing)	75

Embodiment 25:

(being used to introduce the dual curing agent of the ionic hydrophilicization of water base 2-component coating-forming agent)

With 474 gram Desmodur  XP2410,0.80 gram 2,6-two-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol and 0.01 gram dibutyl tin laurate are weighed in 2 liters of glass flask with agitator and gas inlet (0.3 liter of/hour air).Under agitation with mixture heating up to 60 ℃.Under this temperature, in 2h, add the product (epoxide content 0.1%) of 326 gram embodiment 17.Continuing to stir other 2h after adding is finished, is about 7.0% up to NCO content.Add 10.4 gram N then, the N-dimethylcyclohexylam,ne adds 24.0 gram N-cyclohexyl-3-aminopropanesulfonic acids then.Should batch dilute, and continue down to stir other 5h at 60 ℃ by adding 200 gram N-Methyl pyrrolidone.

At room temperature preserve 24h characteristic data afterwards:

	Viscosity	Solids content	NCO content
	Viscosity	Solids content	NCO content	Embodiment 25	5700mPas	80.1％	7.1％

Industrial application embodiment:

Comparative example 26 and embodiment 27: the production of two curing transparent coatings and coating

The preparation of basis paint V26 (component A)

With 19.27 gram Desmophen  VP LS, the 2089 (polyester of hydroxyl-functional, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany, in butylacetate 75%, its OH content is 6.0% according to DIN 53 240/2), 1.31 the gram Tinuvin  292 (photostabilizers of HALS type, Ciba SC Inc., Basle, Switzerland, in butylacetate 50%), 1.31 gram Tinuvin  400 (photostabilizers, UV light absorber, Ciba SC Inc., Basle, Switzerland, in butylacetate 50%), 0.33 gram Byk  306 (flow promotors, the solution of polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, BykChemic GmbH, Wesel, Germany, in dimethylbenzene/phenyl glycol 7/2 12.5%), 1.96 the mixture of gram Irgacure  184/Lucirin  TPO (2: 1), 50% (Irgacure  184: light trigger, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone, Ciba SC Inc. in butylacetate, Basle, Switzerland), (Lucirin  TPO: light trigger, phenylbenzene (2,4, the 6-Three methyl Benzene) phosphine oxide, BASF AG Ludwigshafen) with 15.76 gram butylacetates (thinner), joins 20.65 gram Desmophen  A, the 870 (polyacrylate polymers of hydroxyl-functional, BAYERAG, Leverkusen, Germany is in butylacetate 70%, its OH content is 3.0% according to DIN 53 240/2) in, and mixture stirred up to evenly.

The preparation of stiffening agent solution V26 (B component)

The urethane acrylate that contains isocyanate groups with 10.23 grams, it prepares in the mode that is similar to EP-A 0 928 800 embodiment 1, based on isophorone diisocyanate oligopolymer Desmodur  Z4470 BA (Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany, in butylacetate 70%, its NCO content is 11.8% according to DIN EN ISO 11909), in butylacetate 71.3%, its NCO content is 6.7% according to DIN EN ISO 11909), join the Roskydal  UA VP LS 2337 (urethane acrylates that contain isocyanate groups of 29.18 grams, from Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany: 100% concentration, its NCO content is 12.8% according to DIN ENISO 11909), and mixture stirred up to evenly.

The preparation of basis paint 27 (component A)

Analogize from V26, used following material: 19.28 gram Desmophen  A870,18.00 gram Desmophen  VP LS, 2089,1.31 gram Tinuvin  292 are (in butylacetate 50%, 1.31 the mixture of the Irgacure  184/Lucirin  TPO (2: 1) of gram Tinuvin  400 (in butylacetate 50%), 0.33 gram Byk , 1.96 grams, 50%, 8.47 gram butylacetate in butylacetate.

The preparation of stiffening agent solution 27 (B component)

Analogize from V26, used following material: the dual curing agent of the preparation in embodiment 21 of 38.58 grams, 10.77 the urethane acrylate that contains isocyanate groups of gram, the latter is based on isophorone diisocyanate oligopolymer Desmodur  Z4470, as described for V26.

Basis paint mixes with stiffening agent solution (V26 and V27's)

In each case aforesaid component A and B are mixed, and with the mixture thorough mixing.Then, in each case, mixture is coated in advance on the aluminium flake that applies with the black base coating with air cannon, flash distillation then (flash-off) 5 minutes, afterwards with they under 80 ℃ dry 10 minutes in advance.At uviolizing (press polish source in the mercury, IST MetzGmbH, N ü rtingen, Germany, 1500mJ/cm ²) afterwards, in circulated air oven, toasted 20 minutes down at 140 ℃, prepared coating with about 40 microns builds.The character of the film when not carrying out UV-curing in order to measure has been produced and has not been carried out the corresponding coating of UV-solidified.In each case, obtained bright high-gloss coating.Table has subsequently provided the detailed catalogue of the paint character that coating is measured.

Variable	V26	Embodiment 27
Variable	V26	Embodiment 27	Partial solubility X/MPA/EA/AC 1 minute/5 minutes	0011/1122	0000/0012
Partial solubility (not having UV to solidify)	3344/-	3344/-	Partial solubility X/MPA/EA/AC 1 minute/5 minutes	0011/1122	0000/0012
Partial solubility (not having UV to solidify)	3344/-	3344/-	Pendulum impact hardness (not having UV to solidify)	100	132
Resistance to marring (using 56 hours brushes to draw operation)			Pendulum impact hardness (not having UV to solidify)	100	132
			Glossiness is 20 ° before the scratch	90.1	89.9
Glossiness is 20 ° after the scratch	42.2	46.2	Glossiness is 20 ° before the scratch	90.1	89.9
Glossiness is 20 ° after the scratch	42.2	46.2	Remaining glossiness, %	46.8％	51.4％
20 ° of glossiness behind 60 ℃ of backflow 2h	65.2	61.9	Remaining glossiness, %	46.8％	51.4％
20 ° of glossiness behind 60 ℃ of backflow 2h	65.2	61.9	Remaining glossiness, %	72.4％	68.9％
Daimler-Chrysler thermograde oven-test *)			Remaining glossiness, %	72.4％	68.9％
Daimler-Chrysler thermograde oven-test *)			The tree resin	62	＞68
Braking fluid	36	36	The tree resin	62	＞68
Braking fluid	36	36	Pancreatin	36	36
NaOH，1％	36	40	Pancreatin	36	36
NaOH，1％	36	40	H ₂SO ₄，1％	45	48

*) [℃] visible under the temperature after 1 hour destroys

Test method:

Partial solubility: will below have an increase solvent solvent be added in the Glass tubing (about 15 millimeters of external diameter) of 4 vertically orients of fixed in the yoke: 1.) ethyl acetate (EA), 4. 1-methoxy propyl yl acetate-2 (MPA), 3. dimethylbenzene (X), 2.))) acetone (AC).It is airtight with a folded cotton wool.These are placed on the Clear coating film, make the opening that has the cotton wool plug of pipe towards the Clear coating film.Film is important with the solvent complete wetting.After 1 and 5 minute, remove these Glass tubings respectively, and wipe the solvent residues thing with absorptivity cloth.According to the evaluate alternatives painted surface of pointing out.

Opinion scale is represented:

0: no change,

1: the variation of trace (the swelling ring is very small, only can pick out vestige, and the swelling ring obviously is incomplete),

2: small variation (can be distinguished the swelling ring under lamp; Scratch can be distinguished),

3: medium variation (can pick out complete swelling ring significantly; Can wipe slightly),

4: considerable change (the complete swelling ring of highly significant; Can wipe),

5: film destruction (tangible swelling/wrinkling/be partly dissolved).

Resistance to marring

Resistance to marring is measured according to DIN 55668 methods " using the resistance to marring of laboratory washing plant testing coating ".

The pendulum impact hardness:

The pendulum impact hardness is measured according to DIN EN ISO 1522.

Though above the present invention is described in detail for illustrative purposes, be to be understood that these details are just to illustrative purposes, and those skilled in the art can change it under the situation that does not deviate from spirit and scope of the invention, unless this is limited by claim of the present invention.

Claims

1. method that is used to prepare dual curing agent, it comprises reacts the reaction mixture and the sour reaction product B with B2 glycidyl methacrylate and/or glycidyl acrylate of B1 vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid and/or propylene dimer that comprise at least a vulcabond or polyisocyanates A, and wherein B comprises the epoxide group (calculating with M=42) less than 0.2 weight %.

2. the process of claim 1 wherein that be reflected at acid and the equivalence ratio of epoxide of B1 and B2 are to carry out for 1.01 to 1.20 times.

3. the process of claim 1 wherein the reaction of B1 and B2 is controlled that perhaps the product to this reaction carries out aftertreatment, make reaction product have the maximum acid number of 10mg/gKOH.

4. the process of claim 1 wherein that the catalyzer that is reflected at of B1 and B2 carries out under existing, this catalyzer is selected from phosphine, phosphorus, caesium and potassium compound.

5. the process of claim 1 wherein that the component of reaction mixture do not carry out purifying by distillation, perhaps separate by distillation or extraction.

6. single component or polycomponent coating-forming agent, it comprises:

C1) one or more polyisocyanates that prepare according to the method for claim 1,

C2) one or more compounds, it has at least one isocyanate-reactive group and randomly comprise one or more functional groups of reacting by polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds under the actinic radiation effect,

C4) compound randomly, it has under the actinic radiation effect by the functional group of polymerization and alefinically unsaturated compounds reaction, and it does not have isocyanate groups or isocyanic ester-reactive group,

C5) catalyzer randomly,

C6) randomly auxiliary agent and additive and

C7) component C1 randomly) to C6) between reaction product.

7. the method for a coated substrate, it comprises that the coating-forming agent with claim 6 is coated at least a portion of base material.

8. use the base material of the coating-forming agent coating of claim 6.

9. the base material of claim 8, wherein this base material is car body or automobile structure.

10. the method for claim 2 is wherein controlled the reaction of B1 and B2, and perhaps the product to this reaction carries out aftertreatment, makes reaction product have the maximum acid number of 10mg/gKOH.

11. the method for claim 2, wherein being reflected under the catalyzer existence of B1 and B2 carried out, and this catalyzer is selected from phosphine, phosphorus, caesium and potassium compound.

12. the method for claim 2, wherein the component of reaction mixture is not carried out purifying by distillation, perhaps separates by distillation or extraction.

13. the method for claim 3, wherein being reflected under the catalyzer existence of B1 and B3 carried out, and this catalyzer is selected from phosphine, phosphorus, caesium and potassium compound.

14. the method for claim 3, wherein the component of reaction mixture is not carried out purifying by distillation, perhaps separates by distillation or extraction.

15. the method for claim 4, wherein the component of reaction mixture is not carried out purifying by distillation, perhaps separates by distillation or extraction.

16. single component or polycomponent coating-forming agent, it comprises:

C1) one or more polyisocyanates that prepare according to the method for claim 2,

C5) catalyzer randomly,

C6) randomly auxiliary agent and additive and

C7) component C1 randomly) to C6) between reaction product.

17. the base material that applies with the coating-forming agent of claim 16.

18. the base material of claim 17, wherein this base material is car body or automobile structure.

19. single component or polycomponent coating-forming agent, it comprises:

C1) one or more polyisocyanates that prepare according to the method for claim 3,

C5) catalyzer randomly,

C6) randomly auxiliary agent and additive and

C7) component C1 randomly) to C6) between reaction product.

20. single component or polycomponent coating-forming agent, it comprises:

C1) one or more polyisocyanates that prepare according to the method for claim 4,

C5) catalyzer randomly,

C6) randomly auxiliary agent and additive and

C7) component C1 randomly) to C6) between reaction product.