CN1635937A - 工具刀头 - Google Patents

工具刀头 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1635937A
CN1635937A CNA038042681A CN03804268A CN1635937A CN 1635937 A CN1635937 A CN 1635937A CN A038042681 A CNA038042681 A CN A038042681A CN 03804268 A CN03804268 A CN 03804268A CN 1635937 A CN1635937 A CN 1635937A
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main body
tool insert
hard metal
major surfaces
type surface
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Inventor
伊恩·P·古德蒙德
纳德雷特·詹
詹姆斯·A·里德
穆罕默德·S.·厄兹巴伊拉克塔尔
马修·W·库克
斯蒂格·A·安德辛
布·C·乌洛夫松
莱夫·A·桑德斯特伦
斯特凡·M·O·佩尔松
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Element Six Ltd
Element Six Pty Ltd
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Element Six Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/141—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness
    • B23B27/145—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness characterised by having a special shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/141—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
    • B23B2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23B2226/12—Boron nitride
    • B23B2226/125—Boron nitride cubic [CBN]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23B2226/31—Diamond
    • B23B2226/315—Diamond polycrystalline [PCD]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
    • B23C2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23C2226/12—Boron nitride
    • B23C2226/125—Boron nitride cubic [CBN]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23C2226/31—Diamond
    • B23C2226/315—Diamond polycrystalline [PCD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/23—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Terminals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种制造一工具刀头的方法。一个超级研磨材料构成的主体(50)在其相对侧上设有主表面。该主体通常为一种磨料压实体圆盘，诸如一PCBN圆盘或者一PCD圆盘。一排由诸如硬质合金的硬金属填充的相间隔的核芯(58)从一主表面延伸到相对的主表面。围绕各自硬金属核芯从一主表面到相对的主表面沿相交线或者横断线(68)切断主体来制成工具刀头。主体可以包括一位于相对主表面之间的硬金属中间层(56)，该中间层优选采用与核芯相同的硬金属，并使核芯与中间层一体形成。

Description

工具刀头
技术领域
本发明涉及一种工具刀头(tool insert)。
背景技术
磨料压实体(Abrasive compacts)是将通常为超硬的研磨粒子接合到一硬质粘结块上构成的多晶体。这种压实体通常被接合到一基体上，该基体通常为硬质合金基体。金刚石磨料压实体还称为PCD，立方氮化硼磨料压实体还称为PCBN。
US4,807,402公开了这样一种制品，其包括一诸如硬质合金块的支承体，而且在该支承体的上表面和下表面上都接合有磨料压实体层。
EP0714719公开了一种工具刀头，该工具刀头具有由选自硬质合金，铁系金属或者高熔点金属构成的中心层或者中间层以及接合到上述中心层或中间层的第一和第二磨料压实体层。工具组件包括由磨料压实体构成的一突出部和侧面，而该突出部和侧面为工具刀头提供了切削点和切削刃。这样的工具刀头可通过如在美国专利US4,807,402中所公开的制品进行电火花加工而被切割。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种制造工具刀头的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(i)提供一个超级研磨材料构成的主体，该主体在其相对侧上具有主表面以及一排相间隔的核芯，所述核芯用从一主表面延伸到相对的主表面的硬金属填充；以及
(ii)围绕各自硬金属核芯从一主表面到相对的主表面沿相交线或者横断线切断主体来制成工具刀头。
超级研磨材料最好是一种磨料压实体，优选为PCD或者PCBN，更可取的是PCBN。
硬金属优选是由选自硬质合金，铁系金属和高熔点金属的材料构成。可优选的是，该硬金属是硬质合金。
主体优选具有一圆盘状。该圆盘优选具有约为55mm到约为125mm的直径，更可取的是具有约为80mm到约为100mm的直径，而且该圆盘具有约为1.6mm到约为30mm的厚度，更可取的是具有约为2mm到约为10mm的厚度。
主体可以包括一位于相对主表面之间的硬金属中间层，该中间层优选采用与核芯相同的硬金属，并使核芯与中间层一体形成。
主体的切断可通过公知的方法进行，例如激光切割或者电火花加工。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种多面体的工具刀头，该工具刀头包括一个超级研磨主体和一个硬金属构成的核芯，所述主体在其相对侧上设有主表面，所述硬金属核芯从一主表面到相对的主表面横向延伸而贯穿该主体。多面体的工具刀头优选为星形或者六角形，可优选地具有内角不等于60度的三个切削刀尖。
附图说明
图1a是利用本发明方法的一个主体实施例的透视图；
图1b是图1中主体的横截面侧视图；
图1c是通过本发明方法制造的一工具刀头的透视图；
图2至8是本发明的其它实施例，其中图“a”是利用本发明方法的一个主体实施例的透视图，图“b”是图“a”中主体的横截面侧视图，图“c”是工具刀头实施例的透视图。
具体实施方式
现在，结合附图中的图1对本发明的一个实施例进行说明。首先参考图1a，主体10呈超级研磨圆盘的型式，在这种情况下，为一磨料压实体圆盘，其上设有一排间隔的凹槽12。凹槽12从一个主平面14延伸到相对的主平面16。每一个凹槽12都被硬质合金18填充，该硬质合金呈粒子的型式或者是一个预烧结杆。
主体10沿栅格型式的相交切断线20而被切断，其中各个硬质合金核芯18位于各自的栅格的块或者节段内。为了获得图1c所示的方形工具，切断是贯穿主体从一个主表面14到另一个主表面16来进行的。刀头具有一个硬质合金的中心核芯22，磨料压实体24接合到该核芯22上。为了将工具刀头安装在一工具内，可以贯穿该中心核芯22形成一个孔26。
主体10可通过将其放置在一个普通的高温/高压装置中来制成。使主体处于适当地升高温度和压力的情况下，例如在磨料压实体处于晶体稳态下，就会产生如图1a和1b所示的烧结硬质及接合的主体。
图2的实施例与图1的实施例相类似，所以相同的部件用相同的附图标记来表示。凹槽的排列方式和切断线型式都与图1不同。可获得如图2c所示的三角形的刀头。
图3的实施例与图1的实施例相类似，所以相同的部件用相同的附图标记来表示。凹槽的排列方式和切断线型式都与图1不同，而且可获得如图3c所示的菱形的刀头(rhombohedra-shaped tool inserts)。
图4的实施例与图1的实施例相类似，所以相同的部件用相同的附图标记来表示。但，在该实施例中，沿线20a，20b和21a，21b切断主体，从而获得一多面体的工具刀头，该刀头具有一个主体28以及一个硬质合金构成的中心核芯32，其中该主体具有四个内角小于90度的切削刀尖30，。为了将工具刀头安装在一工具内，可以贯穿该中心核芯32形成一个孔34。
图5的实施例与图1的实施例相类似。但是，硬质合金构成的核芯18以图5a所示的方式进行分布。沿切断线20切割主体10从而获得一个如图5c所示的多面体切割工具刀头。这样获得的工具刀头具有一超级研磨主体36以及一个硬质合金构成的中心核芯40，在这种情况下，该主体为磨料压实体主体并具有三个内角不等于60度的刀尖或者转角38。一个位于中心的孔42可以贯穿该核芯40而形成。
参考图6，主体50由一个硬质合金56构成的中间层分隔开的圆盘52和54组成。在每个相对主表面60，62上形成多个凹槽58。这些凹槽58以硬质合金64来填充，并且该硬质合金64与超级研磨材料和硬质合金构成的中间层相接合。结果，如虚线66所示，硬质合金构成的核芯从一个主表面60延伸到另一个主表面62。可替换的是，硬金属中间层或者圆盘56可以配备有双头螺栓从而构成基体的相同几何形状。主体沿栅格形状的相交线68而被切断，从而获得图6c所示方形工具刀头。一个孔70可以通过核芯区域72的中心而形成。
图7所示的实施例与图6的实施例相类似，所以相同的部件用相同的附图标记来表示。该实施例的不同之处在于由硬质合金填充的凹槽58的排列方式和相交切断线68的型式不同，其可获得如图7c所示的三角形的刀头。
图8所示的实施例与图6的实施例相类似，所以相同的部件用相同的附图标记来表示。凹槽58的排列方式和切断线68的型式被设置成能获得如图8c所示的菱形的刀头。
图4和图5所示的实施例还可从图6所示的一主体中获得到，只需适当地修改硬质合金核芯66和切断线68的排列方式。
在上述实施例中，主体的切断可通过现有技术中公知的方法来进行，例如激光切割或者电火花加工。

Claims (13)

1.一种制造工具刀头的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(i)提供一个由超级研磨材料构成的主体，该主体在其每个相对侧上具有主表面以及一排相间隔的核芯，所述核芯用从一主表面延伸到相对的主表面延伸的硬金属来填充；以及
(ii)围绕各自硬金属核芯从一主表面到相对的主表面沿相交线或者横向线切断主体以制成工具刀头。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述超级研磨材料是一种磨料压实体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述磨料压实体是PCD或者PCBN。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硬金属选自由硬质合金，铁类金属和高熔点金属构成的组。
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述主体呈圆盘状。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述圆盘的直径约为55mm到约为125mm，而且该圆盘的厚度约为1.6mm到约为30mm。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述圆盘的直径约为80mm到约为100mm，而且该圆盘的厚度约为2mm到约为10mm。
8.根据权利要求1至7之一所述的方法，其特征在于，选用一种切断方式来切断所述主体，从而获得多个具有所希望形状的工具刀头。
9.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述主体还包括一由硬金属构成的中间层，所述硬金属核芯与中间层一体形成。
10.一种多面体的工具刀头，该工具刀头包括：一个超级研磨主体和一个硬金属的核芯，所述主体具有限定在其相对侧上的主表面，所述硬金属的核芯从一主表面到相对的主表面横向延伸而贯穿该主体。
11.根据权利要求10所述的多面体的工具刀头，其特征在于，该工具刀头沿与相对的主表面平行的一表面上为星形。
12.根据权利要求10所述的多面体的工具刀头，其特征在于，该工具刀头沿与相对的主表面平行的一表面上为六角形。
13.根据权利要求12所述的多面体的工具刀头，其特征在于，该工具刀头具有三个内角不等于60度的切削刀尖。
CNA038042681A 2002-02-21 2003-02-20 工具刀头 Pending CN1635937A (zh)

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ZA2002/1473 2002-02-21

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CNB03804269XA Expired - Fee Related CN100475431C (zh) 2002-02-21 2003-02-20 工具刀头
CNA2009101273772A Pending CN101564771A (zh) 2002-02-21 2003-02-20 工具刀头
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CNA038042703A Pending CN1635939A (zh) 2002-02-21 2003-02-20 工具刀头

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US (4) US20050123366A1 (zh)
EP (3) EP1478488B1 (zh)
JP (3) JP2005517540A (zh)
KR (3) KR100993679B1 (zh)
CN (4) CN1635937A (zh)
AT (1) ATE482051T1 (zh)
AU (3) AU2003206013A1 (zh)
CA (4) CA2476781C (zh)
DE (1) DE60334284D1 (zh)
PL (3) PL371384A1 (zh)
WO (3) WO2003070418A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA200406387B (zh)

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