CN1635664A - High-Q value multi-waveband microstrip patch antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-band micro-tape stick antenna with high Q value contains a metal stick piece, a metal grounding board parallel with metal stick piece and the filling insulation medium between them, which is characteristic of that the metal stick piece is rectangle shape with two parallel rectangle gap being perpendicular to one side of said rectangle for realizing multi-band working, a feeding probe is vertically set metal stick piece and metal grounding board, the probe is made of coaxial cable or microwave connector. Said invention has small size, simple structure and easy integrated with other equipment.

Description

High Q value multiband micro-strip paster antenna

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna that is applied to radio communication, belong to resonant mode microstrip antenna technical field.

Background technology

In recent years, people constantly increase information and multimedia communications system demand, and communication network also constantly expands.Now, academia and engineering circle have been carried out a lot of explorations and effort in two waveband and triband microstrip antenna field, and main direction is to improve the common little bandwidth of operation of probe feed single-slice single-layer microstrip antenna.

Now, there have been many methods to be used to realize the small capacity double frequency microstrip antenna.Comprising being that paster loads with shorting pin or slit, and use straight-flanked ring.Various forms of loadings all are to realize by the resonance frequency that various patterns on its field distribution of disturbance and its paster of change constitute.Frequency ratio between needed different mode can be determined by choosing suitable loading position or heap(ed) capacity, and frequency tuning can be realized by the size that changes rectangular patch, and it realizes with frequency ratio irrelevant.

The form that loads with the slit has been used as a kind of traditional technological means and has been applied to reduce antenna size continually, realizes two-frequency operation and changes aspects such as polarization characteristic.

The field disturbance that is produced by the slit substantially is very complicated, can't be described with simple perturbation.In fact, the slit can be used as the influence of input impedance and introduces inductance and describe under some concrete condition.According to the application purpose difference, the slit can be located at the edge or the centre of paster.The simplest method that realizes the slit in paster antenna is to utilize the etching technique in the printed circuit board process to realize the slit on paster.Strengthen loading effect if desired, can adopt many parallel slits usually.

The multiband technology of antenna exists many shortcomings now, wherein mainly be all more complicated of structure and feed system: most of existing multiband antennas are provided with the slab construction that comprises two-layer different medium, perhaps have such as very complicated structure such as helical form paster, metal cavitg, coupling loading.Therefore complex process, required precision height, cost height, the rate of finished products of making processing are low, also are difficult for becoming one with miscellaneous equipment.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna that is applicable to radio communication.This device is in the multiband work that realizes antenna, and also have following characteristics: size is little, and cost is low, and is simple in structure, is easy to other equipment integrated etc.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna, include: metal patch, metal ground plate parallel with metal patch and the insulation filling medium between metal patch and metal ground plate, adopt printed circuit board process; It is characterized in that: the metal patch of this antenna is rectangular, on a limit of rectangle, have two parallel to each other and all perpendicular to the rectangular aperture on this limit, a same rectangular aperture perpendicular to the limit, place is arranged, the equal keeping parallelism of all rectangular aperture directions on the limit parallel with this limit.To excite a plurality of discrete resonant frequencies, realize multiband emission or reception; Antenna is vertically installed with a feed probes between metal patch and metal ground plate, the installation site of described feed probes is positioned on the horizontal median axis parallel with the slit on the metal patch.Described metal patch, metal ground plate and the insulation filling medium between metal patch and metal ground plate adopt two sided pcb technology to realize, described feed probes is to make with the coaxial cable or the microwave junction of the coaxial configuration with inner wire, inner insulating layer, outer conductor and external insulation layer.

Described a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna, it is characterized in that: described some rectangular apertures all extend to central authorities from the paster edge, two slits parallel to each other and any, each slit are all non-intersect, and two slits that are on same the limit are that axial symmetry distributes with the horizontal median axis of paster.

The position distribution of described some rectangular apertures is: on a limit of rectangular patch, have two parallel to each other and all perpendicular to the rectangular aperture on this limit, a same rectangular aperture perpendicular to the limit, place is arranged on the limit parallel with this limit, the equal keeping parallelism of all rectangular aperture directions is realized a plurality of resonance frequencys.

The installation of described feed probes is that inner wire with coaxial cable or microwave junction is as probe, through hole from printed circuit board passes, the aperture of this through hole should be slightly larger than this inner wire diameter, and the surface nothing is covered copper, between inner wire and ground plate hole wall, be filled with insulating material, insulate to keep both; This inner wire probe is perpendicular to the printed circuit board plane, extends upwardly to concordantly with the paster plane, and this probe extended position is distributing point, is connected with paster at the distributing point probe; The outer conductor of coaxial cable or microwave junction is connected with this metal ground plate below this metal ground plate.

Described metal patch is rectangular, and its thickness is the copper thickness of printed circuit board industrial standard, and the size of its length L and width W and the design parameter of antenna resonant frequency are:

$L=\frac{1}{2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20041002982000172.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e}\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_0{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0}}-2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}$

$W=\frac{1}{2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20041002982000172.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_0{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0}}{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}\right)}^{-\frac{1}{2}}$

W/h 〉=1 o'clock: ${\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r-1}{2}{(1+\frac{12h}{L})}^{-\frac{1}{2}}$

W/h≤1 o'clock: ${\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r-1}{2}{(1+\frac{12h}{L})}^{-\frac{1}{2}}+0.04{(1-W/h)}^2$

$\mathrm{\&Delta;L}=0.412h\frac{({\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e+0.3)(L/h+0.264)}{({\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e-0.258)(L/h+0.8)}$

In the formula: f ₀Be the resonance frequency of antenna or the centre frequency of its working band; ε ₀Be permittivity of vacuum or dielectric constant; μ ₀It is permeability of vacuum; ε _rIt is the relative permittivity of medium; Δ L is equivalent radiating slot width; ε _eIt is the effective capacitance rate; H is the thickness of dielectric between metal ground plate and the metal patch, and its numerical value is the thickness of dielectric in the printed circuit board industrial standard.

The thickness of described metal ground plate is printed circuit board industrial standard copper thickness, and its length and width all should be than the big at least 20mm of described metal patch.

Described insulation filling medium between metal patch and metal ground plate, promptly the dielectric substrate of printed circuit board recommend to use relative permittivity less than 3 dielectric.

The present invention is a kind of novel structure, simple, practical multiband micro-strip paster antenna, and good bandwidth and radiation efficiency can be provided simultaneously, and this antenna can be used for the various Wireless Telecom Equipments that need multiband antenna.Its main feature is: adopt the single-layer metal paster as antenna, and simple in structure; And physical dimension is little, in light weight, is easy to be integrated in the various devices; Feed system is also very simple, has only single probe feed.Therefore the present invention compares with other baroque antennas, and is cheap for manufacturing cost, has popularizing application prospect preferably.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the vertical view that multiband micro-strip paster antenna structure of the present invention is formed.

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of one embodiment of the invention-four wave band micro-strip paster antenna.

Fig. 3 is that the master of an embodiment shown in Figure 1 looks cutaway view.

Fig. 4 is the end view of an embodiment shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 5 is the antenna return loss figure of an embodiment shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 6 is the antenna gain pattern of an embodiment shown in Figure 1.

Embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention is a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna, includes: a block length is parallel metal ground plate 2 and the insulation filling medium 6 between metal patch 1 and metal ground plate 2 of rectangular metal paster 1, one and the metal patch 1 of W for the L width; This antenna is vertically installed with a feed probes 3 between metal patch 1 and metal ground plate 2.On a limit of rectangular metal paster 1, have two parallel to each other and all perpendicular to the rectangular aperture 4 on this limit, a same rectangular aperture 5 perpendicular to the limit, place is arranged on the limit parallel with this limit, the equal keeping parallelism of all rectangular aperture directions, to excite a plurality of discrete resonant frequencies, realize multiband emission or reception.Described three rectangular apertures all extend to central authorities from the paster edge, and two slits parallel to each other and any, each slit are all non-intersect, and two slits 4 that are on same the limit are that axial symmetry distributes with the horizontal median axis of metal patch 1.(this coordinate system is that the mid point with one side of metal patch 1 is an initial point at the x-y of metal patch 1 two dimensional surface in three slits shown in Figure 1, this limit is the y axle, the center line on vertical this limit is the x axle) on, be in nearer one of two slits, 4 middle distance y axles on same the limit, its edge is W to the vertical range of y axle ₁, its long and wide L that is respectively _S1And W _S1Be in the slit 5 on the limit parallel with this limit, its edge is W to the vertical range of y axle ₂, its length and wide size are respectively L _S2And W _S2

Coordinate (the x of feed probes 3 ₀, y ₀) then according to the designing requirement decision, the operating frequency range of its installation site decision antenna; If the position of mobile distributing point, the operating frequency of antenna scope also will change thereupon.

Referring to Fig. 2～Fig. 4, it forms structure below in conjunction with illustrated one embodiment of the invention-four wave band micro-strip paster antenna-further specify.The present invention is a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna, includes: metal ground plate 2 and the insulation filling medium 6 between metal patch 1 and metal ground plate 2 that metal patch 1, one and metal patch 1 are parallel; This antenna is vertically installed with a feed probes 3 between metal patch 1 and metal ground plate 2; Three slits that are used to load are arranged on the metal patch,, realize multiband emission or reception to excite a plurality of discrete resonant frequencies.

On a limit of rectangular metal paster 1, have two parallel to each other and all perpendicular to the rectangular aperture 4 on this limit, a same rectangular aperture 5 perpendicular to the limit, place is arranged on the limit parallel with this limit, the equal keeping parallelism of all rectangular aperture directions, to excite a plurality of discrete resonant frequencies, realize multiband emission or reception.Article three, rectangular aperture all extends to central authorities from the paster edge, and two slits parallel to each other and any, each slit are all non-intersect, and two slits 4 that are on same the limit are that axial symmetry distributes with the horizontal median axis of metal patch 1.(this coordinate system is that the mid point with one side of metal patch 1 is an initial point at the x-y of metal patch 1 two dimensional surface in three slits as shown in Figure 2, this limit is the y axle, the center line on vertical this limit is the x axle) on, be in nearer one of two slits, 4 middle distance y axles on same the limit, its edge is W to the vertical range of y axle ₁=15.1mm, its long and wide L that is respectively _S1=24mm, W _S1=10.8mm; Be in the slit 5 on the limit parallel with this limit, its edge is W to the vertical range of y axle ₂=9.3mm, its length and wide size are respectively L _S2=21.5mm, W _S2=5.8mm.

The material of metal patch 1 of the present invention and metal ground plate 2 is materials that high conductivity metal or surface are coated with high conductivity metal, be to use metallic copper among this embodiment, feed probes 3 is to make with the coaxial cable or the microwave junction of coaxial configuration with inner wire 31, inner insulating layer, outer conductor 32 and external insulation layer, among the embodiment is with the coaxial cable of characteristic impedance 50 Ω its terminal a part of outer conductor and insulating barrier to be divested to make afterwards.Electrical connection among the present invention between the various hardwares all is to adopt soldering to realize.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the installation of feed probes 3 is that inner wire 31 with coaxial cable or microwave junction is as probe, circular hole from metal ground plate 2 passes, the aperture of this circular hole should be slightly larger than this inner wire 31 diameters, between inner wire 31 and circular hole hole wall, be filled with insulating material 7, insulate to keep both.This inner wire probe 31 is perpendicular to metal ground plate 2 planes, and the below that extends upwardly to metal patch 1 is connected with this metal patch 1, and this probe 31 is distributing point with this metal patch 1 connection.The outer conductor 32 of coaxial cable or microwave junction is connected with this metal ground plate 2 below this metal ground plate 2.The installation site of distributing point is according to designing requirement decision, the operating frequency range of its determining positions antenna; If the position of mobile distributing point, the operating frequency of antenna scope also will change thereupon.Fig. 2 has showed that the coordinate position of distributing point 3 in the x-y of metal patch 1 two dimensional surface is: (28.3,19.45) mm.

Metal patch of the present invention 1 is rectangular, its long L=50.6mm among the embodiment shown in Figure 2, wide W=56.6mm; Parallel with metal ground plate 2; Its thickness is the copper thickness of printed circuit board industrial standard, and the size of its length L and width W and the design parameter of antenna resonant frequency are:

$L=\frac{1}{2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20041002982000172.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e}\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_0{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0}}-2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}$

$W=\frac{1}{2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20041002982000172.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_0{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0}}{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}\right)}^{-\frac{1}{2}}$

In the formula: f ₀Be the resonance frequency of antenna or the centre frequency of its working band; ε ₀Be permittivity of vacuum or dielectric constant; μ ₀It is permeability of vacuum; ε _rIt is the relative permittivity of medium; Δ L is equivalent radiating slot width; ε _eIt is the effective capacitance rate; H is the thickness of dielectric between metal ground plate and the metal patch, and its numerical value is the thickness of dielectric in the printed circuit board industrial standard.

The thickness of described metal ground plate 2 is printed circuit board industrial standard copper thickness, its length and width all should be respectively than the length L and the big at least 20mm of width W of metal patch 1; The size that is M among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and N all should be more than 10mm.Other relevant CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS formula is:

W/h 〉=1 o'clock: ${\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r-1}{2}{(1+\frac{12h}{L})}^{-\frac{1}{2}}$

W/h≤1 o'clock: ${\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r-1}{2}{(1+\frac{12h}{L})}^{-\frac{1}{2}}+0.04{(1-W/h)}^2$

$\mathrm{\&Delta;L}=0.412h\frac{({\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e+0.3)(L/h+0.264)}{({\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e-0.258)(L/h+0.8)}$

In the formula: ε _eIt is the effective capacitance rate; ε _rIt is the relative permittivity of medium; Δ L is equivalent radiating slot width; L is the length of metal patch; W is the width of metal patch.The height h=8mm of illustrated embodiment.

The filled media 6 of the present invention between metal patch 1 and metal ground plate 2 is that the dielectric substrate of printed circuit board uses ε _r=2.59 pcb substrate.

Referring to Fig. 5～Fig. 6, the present invention makes the embodiment antenna of showing in above-mentioned Fig. 2～Fig. 4 have four discrete resonant frequencies: f by the installation site of the distance of size, metal patch and the metal ground plate of metal patch, three slits and distributing point being calculated and rationally arranging ₀₁=1.6GHz, f ₀₂=1.8GHz, f ₀₃=2.65GHz and f ₀₄=4.83GHz.Fig. 5 illustrated the return loss at above-mentioned four resonance frequency places all near or less than 10dB, satisfy requirement of actual application.Fig. 6 has illustrated that then the peak gain on these four resonance frequencys is respectively 5.13dB, 6.38dB, and 4.88dB and 3.34dB can realize four wave band work.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna includes: metal patch, metal ground plate parallel with metal patch and the insulation filling medium between metal patch and metal ground plate, adopt two sided pcb technology; It is characterized in that: the metal patch of this antenna is rectangular, on a limit of rectangle, have two parallel to each other and all perpendicular to the rectangular aperture on this limit, a same rectangular aperture perpendicular to the limit, place is arranged on the limit parallel with this limit, the equal keeping parallelism of all rectangular aperture directions, to excite a plurality of discrete resonant frequencies, realize multiband emission or reception.Antenna is vertically installed with a feed probes between metal patch and metal ground plate, the installation site of described feed probes is positioned on the horizontal median axis parallel with the slit on the metal patch.

2, a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described metal patch, metal ground plate and the insulation filling medium between metal patch and metal ground plate adopt two sided pcb technology to realize, described feed probes is to make with the coaxial cable or the microwave junction of the coaxial configuration with inner wire, inner insulating layer, outer conductor and external insulation layer.

3, a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described some rectangular apertures all extend to central authorities from the paster edge, each slit is parallel to each other, and two slits that are on same the limit are that axial symmetry distributes with the horizontal median axis of paster.

4, a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described some rectangular strips slit all is that the edge from rectangular patch begins to extend to central authorities, and any two slits are all non-intersect.

5, according to claim 1 or 3 described a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antennas, it is characterized in that: on a limit of rectangular patch, have two parallel to each other and all perpendicular to the rectangular aperture on this limit, a same rectangular aperture perpendicular to the limit, place is arranged on the limit parallel with this limit, the equal keeping parallelism of all rectangular aperture directions is realized a plurality of resonance frequencys.

6, a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the installation of described feed probes is that inner wire with coaxial cable or microwave junction is as probe, through hole from printed circuit board passes, the aperture of this through hole should be slightly larger than this inner wire diameter, and the surface nothing is covered copper, between inner wire and ground plate hole wall, be filled with insulating material, insulate to keep both; This inner wire probe is perpendicular to the printed circuit board plane, extends upwardly to concordantly with the paster plane, and this probe extended position is distributing point, is connected with paster at the distributing point probe; The outer conductor of coaxial cable or microwave junction is connected with this metal ground plate below this metal ground plate.

7, a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the installation site of described feed probes is positioned on the horizontal median axis parallel with the slit on the metal patch.

8, a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described metal patch is rectangular, its thickness is the copper thickness of printed circuit board industrial standard, and the size of its length L and width W and the design parameter of antenna resonant frequency are:

$L=\frac{1}{2f_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e}\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_0{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0}}-2\mathrm{\&Delta;L}$

$W=\frac{1}{2f_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_0{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0}}{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$

W/h 〉=1 o'clock: ${\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r-1}{2}{(1+\frac{12h}{L})}^{-\frac{1}{2}}$

W/h≤1 o'clock: ${\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_r-1}{2}{(1+\frac{12h}{L})}^{-\frac{1}{2}}+0.04{(1-W/h)}^2$

$\mathrm{\&Delta;L}=0.412h\frac{({\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e+0.3)(L/h+0.264)}{({\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_e-0.258)(L/h+0.8)}$

In the formula: f ₀Be the resonance frequency of antenna or the centre frequency of its working band; ε ₀Be permittivity of vacuum or dielectric constant; μ ₀It is permeability of vacuum; ε _rIt is the relative permittivity of medium; Δ L is equivalent radiating slot width; ε _eIt is the effective capacitance rate; H is the thickness of dielectric between metal ground plate and the metal patch, and its numerical value is the thickness of dielectric in the printed circuit board industrial standard.

9, a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of described metal ground plate is printed circuit board industrial standard copper thickness, and its length and width all should be than the big at least 20mm of described metal patch.

10, according to claim 1 or 9 described a kind of multiband micro-strip paster antennas, it is characterized in that: described insulation filling medium between metal patch and metal ground plate, promptly the dielectric substrate of printed circuit board recommend to use relative permittivity less than 3 dielectric.

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