Dual-waveband plane inverse-F antenna with U-lag and broken line groove
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dual-waveband plane inverse-F antenna that is applied to radio communication, belong to resonant mode microstrip antenna technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, people constantly increase information and multimedia communications system demand, and communication network also constantly expands.Now, academia and engineering circle have been carried out a lot of explorations and effort in multiband microstrip antenna field, and main direction is to expand its bandwidth of operation when reducing antenna size.
Up to the present, there have been many methods to can be used for realizing compact dual-frequency section microstrip antenna, comprising the technology that loads paster with shorting pin or short circuit band, notch or slit and electric capacity etc.Various forms of loadings all are to be realized by the resonance frequency that various pattern constituted by its field distribution of disturbance and change.Frequency ratio between needed different mode can realize by choosing suitable loading position and heap(ed) capacity, and frequency tuning can be realized by the size that changes rectangular patch, and it realizes with frequency ratio irrelevant.
The slit loads as a kind of comparatively ripe microstrip antenna loading technique, is used to realize aspects such as double frequency and change polarization characteristic continually; Capacitive load then is a kind of more novel technology that can reduce antenna size effectively.
The field disturbance that is produced by the slit comes down to very complicated, can't be described with simple perturbation.In fact, the slit can be used as the influence of input impedance and introduces inductance and describe in some cases.According to the difference that specific design requires, the slit can be opened in the edge of paster or centre.And the simplest method that realizes the slit in paster antenna is to utilize the photoetching technique in the printed circuit board process to etch the slit on paster.
Small capacity double frequency microstrip antenna in this invention is promptly by adopting multiple technologies means such as short circuit band loading technique, improved U-lag loading technique and capacitive load technology to realize.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of two waveband (being double frequency) planar inverted-F antenna that is applicable to radio communication.This device is in the two waveband work that realizes antenna, and also have following characteristics: size is little, and cost is low, and is simple in structure, is easy to other equipment integrated.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of dual-waveband plane inverse-F antenna includes: a metal patch, a metal ground plate parallel with metal patch; It is characterized in that: the metal patch of this antenna is rectangular, and a U groove part crack and broken line groove are arranged on rectangular patch, and paster one end bends inwardly vertical bending downward vertically again.U groove part crack is a symmetry axis with the antenna axis, the axis keeping parallelism of two parallel edges and rectangular patch, and another limit axis therewith is vertical; Broken line groove and U type groove communicate and perpendicular to the axis.Be vertically installed with between metal patch and metal ground plate: a short circuit rectangular metal sheet and a feed probes, rectangular metal sheet are installed on one jiao of the metal patch, to excite a plurality of discrete resonant frequencies, realize multiband work; Metal patch one end bends inwardly vertical bending downward vertically again, forms an electric capacity with ground plate, utilizes end effect can reduce the size of antenna effectively.The horizontal median axis of metal patch is departed from the installation site of feed probes, and away from an end of installing short-circuiting jumper on the metal patch, to reduce because of the influence of short-circuiting jumper to input impedance.Metal patch, the sheet metal that links to each other with paster, metal ground plate and short-circuiting jumper all are to make with metallic copper, and described feed probes is to make with coaxial cable or microwave junction.
Described a kind of dual-waveband plane inverse-F antenna is characterized in that: described metal patch one end bends inwardly vertical bending downward vertically again; Described U groove part crack is a symmetry axis with the antenna axis, the axis keeping parallelism of two parallel edges and rectangular patch, and another limit axis therewith is vertical; Broken line groove and U type groove communicate and perpendicular to the axis.
Described short circuit rectangular metal sheet vertically is installed on a jiao of metal patch, and its upper edge is connected with metal patch, and the lower edge is connected with metal ground plate; Plane, short circuit rectangular metal sheet place and plane, rectangular metal paster place are perpendicular.
The installation of described feed probes is that inner wire with coaxial cable or microwave junction is as probe, from passing as the through hole on the metallic plate of ground plate, the aperture of this through hole should be slightly larger than this inner wire diameter, and is filled with insulating material between the inner wire, insulate to keep both; This inner wire probe is perpendicular to ground plate, extends upwardly to concordantly with the paster plane, and this probe extended position is distributing point, is connected with paster at the distributing point probe; The outer conductor of coaxial cable or microwave junction is connected with this metal ground plate below this metal ground plate.
Described metal patch is rectangular, and its thickness is the copper thickness of printed circuit board industrial standard, and the size of its length L and width W and the design parameter of antenna resonant frequency are:
W/h 〉=1 o'clock:
W/h≤1 o'clock:
In the formula: f
0Be the resonance frequency of antenna or the centre frequency of its working band; ε
0It is permittivity of vacuum; μ
0It is permeability of vacuum; ε
rIt is the relative dielectric constant of medium; Δ L is equivalent radiating slot width; ε
eIt is effective dielectric constant; H1 is the thickness of dielectric between metal ground plate and the metal patch, and its numerical value is the thickness of dielectric in the printed circuit board industrial standard.
The thickness of described metal ground plate is printed circuit board industrial standard copper thickness, and its length and width all should be than the big at least 20mm of described metal patch.
Described insulation filling medium between metal patch and metal ground plate, promptly the dielectric substrate of printed circuit board recommend to use relative dielectric constant less than 5 dielectric.Adopt air as medium among the design, promptly relative dielectric constant is 1.
The present invention is a kind of novel structure, simple, practical dual-waveband plane inverse-F antenna, and good bandwidth and radiation efficiency can be provided simultaneously, and this antenna can be used for the various Wireless Telecom Equipments that need multiband antenna.Its main feature is: adopt the single-layer metal paster as antenna, and simple in structure; And physical dimension is little, in light weight, is easy to be integrated in the various devices; Feed system is also very simple, has only single probe feed.Therefore the present invention compares with other baroque antennas, and is cheap for manufacturing cost, has popularizing application prospect preferably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of one embodiment of the invention-double-band micro-band sticker antenna.
Fig. 2 is that the master of an embodiment shown in Figure 1 looks cutaway view.
Fig. 3 is the end view of an embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is the antenna return loss figure of an embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 5 be the antenna of an embodiment shown in Figure 1 at f01=900MHz resonance frequency place perpendicular to the antenna gain directional diagram in two orthogonal planes of antenna patch.
Fig. 6 be the antenna of an embodiment shown in Figure 1 at f02=1800MHz resonance frequency place perpendicular to the antenna gain directional diagram in two orthogonal planes of antenna patch.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1~Fig. 3, it forms structure below in conjunction with illustrated one embodiment of the invention-double-band micro-band sticker antenna-further specify.The present invention is a kind of dual-waveband plane inverse-F antenna, includes: metal patch 2 and the insulation filling medium 8 between metal patch 2 and metal ground plate 1 that metal ground plate 1, one and metal ground plate 1 are parallel; This antenna patch one end bends inwardly vertical bending downward vertically again, and the part that bends inwards 9 forms an electric capacity with ground plate; This antenna is vertically installed with a short circuit rectangular metal sheet 6 and a feed probes 7 between metal ground plate 1 and metal patch 2; A U groove part crack and broken line slit 3 and broken line groove 4,5 are arranged on the metal patch,, realize two waveband emission or reception to excite a plurality of discrete resonant frequencies.
A U groove part crack 3 and broken line slit 4,5 are arranged on rectangular patch 2, and U groove part crack is a symmetry axis with the antenna axis, the axis keeping parallelism of two parallel edges and rectangular patch, and another limit axis therewith is vertical; Paster one end bends inwardly vertical bending downward vertically again and ground plate constitutes an electric capacity, to reduce the size of antenna; Rectangular patch is vertically installed with a short circuit rectangular metal sheet for one jiao, and its upper edge is connected with metal patch, and the lower edge is connected with metal ground plate, and vertical with plane, paster place; Have a plurality of discrete resonant frequencies of exciting of above structure, realize multiband emission or reception.U groove part crack 3 and broken line slit 4 shown in Figure 1,5 at the x-y of metal patch 2 two dimensional surface (this coordinate system is that the mid point with one side of metal patch 2 is an initial point, this limit is the x axle, the center line on vertical this limit is the y axle) on, the outer horizontal width is W=15mm, vertical length is L=38mm, the paster one end portion size W=15mm as shown in Figure 2 that bends downward vertically and bend inwards, L2=4mm, the wide I=0.5mm of seam of U groove part crack horizontal component, U groove part crack horizontal width WS=13mm, vertical length is Ls=26mm, the wide J=0.5mm of the seam of vertical component, broken line groove horizontal length d1=6mm, vertical width I=1mm.
Lower end, U groove part crack is dx=1mm apart from the distance at the left and right edge of paster, lower end, U groove part crack is dY=10mm apart from the distance of paster lower edge, distance between broken line groove horizontal gap as shown in Figure 1, d2=18mm, the paster lower edge is connected with the rectangular metal sheet 6 perpendicular to the x-y two dimensional surface that width is M=2mm.
Distance h=10mm between metal patch 2 and the metal ground plate, between sheet metal 9 and the ground level 1 apart from dz=2mm.
The material of metal ground plate 1 of the present invention, metal patch 2 and sheet metal 6 is materials that high conductivity metal or surface are coated with high conductivity metal, be to use metallic copper among this embodiment, feed probes 7 is to make with the coaxial cable or the microwave junction of coaxial configuration with outer conductor 71, inner insulating layer, inner wire 72 and external insulation layer, among the embodiment is with the coaxial cable of characteristic impedance 50 Ω its terminal a part of outer conductor and insulating barrier to be divested to make afterwards.Electrical connection among the present invention between the various hardwares all is to adopt soldering to realize.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the installation of feed probes 7 is that inner wire 72 with coaxial cable or microwave junction is as probe, circular hole from metal ground plate 2 passes, the aperture of this circular hole should be slightly larger than this inner wire 72 diameters, between inner wire 72 and circular hole hole wall, be air dielectric, insulate to keep both.This inner wire probe 72 is perpendicular to metal ground plate 1 plane, and the below that extends upwardly to metal patch 2 is connected with this metal patch 1, and this probe 72 is distributing point with these metal patch 2 connections.The outer conductor 72 of coaxial cable or microwave junction is connected with this metal ground plate 2 below this metal ground plate 2.The installation site of distributing point is according to designing requirement decision, the operating frequency range of its determining positions antenna and matching problem; If the position of mobile distributing point, operating frequency of antenna scope and return loss also will change thereupon.Fig. 1 has showed that the coordinate position of feed probes 7 in the x-y of metal patch 1 two dimensional surface is: (2.5,3) mm.
Metal patch of the present invention 1 is rectangular, its long L=38mm among the embodiment shown in Figure 1, wide W=15mm; Parallel with metal ground plate 1; Its thickness is the copper thickness of printed circuit board industrial standard, and the size of its length L and width W and the design parameter of antenna resonant frequency are:
In the formula: f
0Be the resonance frequency of antenna or the centre frequency of its working band; ε
0It is permittivity of vacuum; μ
0It is permeability of vacuum; ε
rIt is the relative dielectric constant of medium; Δ L is equivalent radiating slot width; ε
eIt is effective dielectric constant; H is the thickness of dielectric between metal ground plate and the metal patch, and its numerical value is the thickness of dielectric in the printed circuit board industrial standard.
The thickness of described metal ground plate 1 is printed circuit board industrial standard copper thickness, its length and width all should be respectively than the length L and the big at least 20mm of width W of metal patch 2.Other relevant CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS formula is:
W/h≤1 o'clock:
W/h≤1 o'clock:
In the formula: ε
eIt is effective dielectric constant; ε
rIt is the relative dielectric constant of medium; Δ L is equivalent radiating slot width; L is the length of metal patch; W is the width of metal patch.The height h=10mm of illustrated embodiment.
The filled media of the present invention between metal patch 1 and metal ground plate 2 is air, and relative dielectric constant is 1.
Referring to Fig. 4~Fig. 5, the present invention makes the embodiment antenna of showing in above-mentioned Fig. 1~Fig. 3 have two discrete resonant frequencies: f01=900MHz and f02=1800MHz by the installation site of distance, U groove part crack size and the position and the distributing point of the size of the size of metal patch, sheet metal that paster one end is attached thereto and position, metal patch and metal ground plate being calculated and rationally arranging.Fig. 4 has illustrated in the return loss at above-mentioned two resonance frequency places and to have satisfied the requirement of multiband work all less than-10dB.Fig. 5 Fig. 6 has showed the antenna gain directional diagram at f01=900MHz resonance frequency and f02=1800MHz resonance frequency place, and antenna has reached actual requirement in the directivity and the radiation efficiency of two frequency ranges as can be seen.