CN1632331A - Hybrid spiral groove dynamic and static pressure gas composite thrust bearing - Google Patents
Hybrid spiral groove dynamic and static pressure gas composite thrust bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN1632331A CN1632331A CN200510009632.5A CN200510009632A CN1632331A CN 1632331 A CN1632331 A CN 1632331A CN 200510009632 A CN200510009632 A CN 200510009632A CN 1632331 A CN1632331 A CN 1632331A
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
- F16C17/045—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only with grooves in the bearing surface to generate hydrodynamic pressure, e.g. spiral groove thrust bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0603—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion
- F16C32/0614—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings
- F16C32/0622—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings via nozzles, restrictors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0681—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load
- F16C32/0692—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load for axial load only
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种动静压气体复合止推轴承,尤其是超精密、超高速气体止推轴承。The invention relates to a dynamic and static pressure gas compound thrust bearing, in particular to an ultra-precision and ultra-high-speed gas thrust bearing.
背景技术Background technique
目前,工程中使用的静压气体止推轴承,如:高速静压气浮电主轴以及其它用途的高速静压气体轴承,仅仅利用静压气浮来承受载荷并提供刚度,在实际应用当中常常遇到承载能力低、刚度小、抗干扰能力差的问题,工程中使用的静压气体止推轴承没有充分利用高转速或线速度的动压效应所能提供的承载能力和刚度(《机械设计手册》第二卷第七篇—气体润滑轴承.2002年第四版,化学工业出版社.;《机械设计手册》第四卷第四十篇第九章—气体轴承.2003年第二版,机械工业出版社.)。At present, the static pressure gas thrust bearings used in engineering, such as high-speed static pressure air-floating electric spindles and high-speed static pressure gas bearings for other purposes, only use static pressure air flotation to bear the load and provide stiffness, which are often used in practical applications. Encountered the problems of low load capacity, low stiffness, and poor anti-interference ability, the hydrostatic gas thrust bearings used in engineering did not make full use of the load capacity and stiffness provided by the dynamic pressure effect of high speed or linear velocity ("Mechanical Design "Handbook",
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服上述技术中存在的不足之处,提供一种高刚度、高承载能力的混合式螺旋槽动静压气体复合止推轴承。The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned technologies, and provide a hybrid spiral groove dynamic and static pressure gas composite thrust bearing with high rigidity and high load capacity.
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是在止推轴承工作面上,静压气浮供气点分布圆两侧分别开有螺旋状动压沟槽。In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that on the working surface of the thrust bearing, spiral dynamic pressure grooves are respectively opened on both sides of the distribution circle of the static pressure air flotation air supply point.
所述的静压气浮供气点分布圆两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽相通或不通。The spiral dynamic pressure grooves on both sides of the distribution circle of the static pressure air flotation air supply point are connected or not connected.
所述的静压气浮供气点分布圆两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽外侧带有封气边或不带有封气边。The outer sides of the spiral dynamic pressure grooves on both sides of the distribution circle of the static pressure air flotation air supply points have or do not have air sealing edges.
所述的止推轴承工作面上沿静压气浮供气点分布圆的圆周方向开有或不开有多个与两侧螺旋状动压沟槽相通的均压槽。On the working surface of the thrust bearing, along the circumferential direction of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point distribution circle, there are or not a plurality of pressure equalizing grooves communicating with the helical dynamic pressure grooves on both sides.
所述的静压气浮供气点是单排布置或双排布置。The static pressure air flotation air supply points are arranged in a single row or in a double row.
所述的静压气浮供气点是孔或缝隙或是用带有毛细孔的材料填充的孔。The static pressure air flotation air supply point is a hole or a gap or a hole filled with a material with capillary pores.
所述的静压气浮供气点与动压沟槽在同一个工作面上或在与开有动压沟槽的工作面相对应的工作面上。The static pressure air flotation gas supply point is on the same working surface as the dynamic pressure groove or on the working surface corresponding to the working surface with the dynamic pressure groove.
所述的双排布置的静压气浮供气点的螺旋槽动静压复合气体止推轴承,静压气浮供气点两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽方向相同或相反。The spiral groove dynamic and static pressure composite gas thrust bearings of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point arranged in double rows have the same or opposite directions of the spiral dynamic pressure grooves on both sides of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point.
所述的双排布置的静压气浮供气点的螺旋槽动静压复合气体止推轴承,两排静压气浮供气点的螺旋状动压沟槽相通或不通。The spiral groove dynamic and static pressure composite gas thrust bearings of the static pressure air flotation gas supply points arranged in double rows, and the spiral dynamic pressure grooves of the static pressure air flotation gas supply points in the two rows are connected or not connected.
本发明的优点Advantages of the invention
(1)轴承承载能力比传统静压气浮止推轴承提高30%以上。(1) The bearing capacity of the bearing is increased by more than 30% compared with the traditional static pressure air bearing.
(2)轴承刚度比传统静压气浮止推轴承提高15%以上。(2) The bearing stiffness is increased by more than 15% compared with the traditional static pressure air bearing.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1是在止推轴承工作面1上静压气浮供气点3分布圆两侧分别开有不相通的螺旋状动压沟槽2的示意图。Accompanying
附图2是在止推轴承工作面6上静压气浮供气点5分布圆两侧分别开有相通的螺旋状动压沟槽4的示意图。Accompanying
附图3是在止推轴承工作面10上静压气浮供气点9分布圆两侧分别开有不相通的螺旋状动压沟槽7,螺旋状动压沟槽7外侧带有封气边8的示意图。Accompanying
附图4是在止推轴承工作面14上静压气浮供气点13分布圆两侧分别开有相通的螺旋状动压沟槽11,螺旋状动压沟槽11外侧带有封气边12的示意图。Accompanying drawing 4 shows that on the thrust bearing working surface 14, there are connected spiral dynamic pressure grooves 11 on both sides of the distribution circle of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point 13, and the outer side of the spiral dynamic pressure groove 11 has an air sealing edge 12. Schematic.
附图5是止推轴承工作面18上沿静压气浮供气点17分布圆的圆周方向开有多个与两侧螺旋状动压沟槽16相通的均压槽15,螺旋状动压沟槽16外侧不带有封气边的示意图。Accompanying
附图6是止推轴承工作面23上沿静压气浮供气点22分布圆的圆周方向开有多个与两侧螺旋状动压沟槽20相通的均压槽19,螺旋状动压沟槽20外侧带有封气边21的示意图。Accompanying
附图7是止推轴承工作面27上静压气浮供气点26双排布置,静压气浮供气点26两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽25方向相同,两排静压气浮供气点26的螺旋槽25不通,螺旋状动压沟槽25外侧带有封气边24的示意图。
附图8是止推轴承工作面31上静压气浮供气点30双排布置,静压气浮供气点30两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽29方向相反,两排静压气浮供气点30的螺旋状动压沟槽29不通,螺旋状动压沟槽29外侧带有封气边28的示意图。
附图9是止推轴承工作面35上静压气浮供气点34双排布置,静压气浮供气点34两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽32方向相同,两排静压气浮供气点34的螺旋状动压沟槽32相通,螺旋状动压沟槽32外侧带有封气边33的示意图。
附图10是止推轴承工作面36上静压气浮供气点38双排布置,静压气浮供气点38两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽39方向相同,两排静压气浮供气点38的螺旋状动压沟槽39相通,沿静压气浮供气点38分布圆的圆周方向开有多个与两侧螺旋状动压沟槽39相通的均压槽40,螺旋状动压沟槽39外侧带有封气边37的示意图。Accompanying
附图11是所述静压气浮供气点43与螺旋状动压沟槽42在同一个工作面41上的示意图。Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point 43 and the spiral dynamic pressure groove 42 on the same working surface 41 .
附图12是所述静压气浮供气点46在与开有螺旋状动压沟槽45的工作面44相对应的工作面上的示意图。Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the static pressure air flotation
附图13是所述的静压气浮供气点是孔47的示意图。Accompanying drawing 13 is the schematic diagram that described static pressure air flotation air supply point is hole 47.
附图14是所述的静压气浮供气点是缝隙48的示意图。Accompanying drawing 14 is the schematic diagram that the static pressure air flotation air supply point is the slit 48.
附图15是所述的静压气浮供气点是用带有毛细孔的材料50填充的孔49的示意图。
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步详细描述。Embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
由图1-图15可知,本发明是:在止推轴承工作面上,静压气浮供气点分布圆两侧分别开有螺旋状动压沟槽。As can be seen from Figures 1 to 15, the present invention is: on the working surface of the thrust bearing, spiral dynamic pressure grooves are respectively opened on both sides of the distribution circle of the static pressure air flotation air supply point.
所述的静压气浮供气点分布圆两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽相通或不通。The spiral dynamic pressure grooves on both sides of the distribution circle of the static pressure air flotation air supply point are connected or not connected.
所述的静压气浮供气点分布圆两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽外侧带有封气边或不带有封气边。The outer sides of the spiral dynamic pressure grooves on both sides of the distribution circle of the static pressure air flotation air supply points have or do not have air sealing edges.
所述的止推轴承工作面上沿静压气浮供气点分布圆的圆周方向开有或不开有多个与两侧螺旋状动压沟槽相通的均压槽。On the working surface of the thrust bearing, along the circumferential direction of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point distribution circle, there are or not a plurality of pressure equalizing grooves communicating with the helical dynamic pressure grooves on both sides.
所述的静压气浮供气点是单排布置或双排布置。The static pressure air flotation air supply points are arranged in a single row or in a double row.
所述的静压气浮供气点是孔或缝隙或是用带有毛细孔的材料填充的孔。The static pressure air flotation air supply point is a hole or a gap or a hole filled with a material with capillary pores.
所述的静压气浮供气点与动压沟槽在同一个工作面上或在与开有动压沟槽的工作面相对应的工作面上。The static pressure air flotation gas supply point is on the same working surface as the dynamic pressure groove or on the working surface corresponding to the working surface with the dynamic pressure groove.
所述的双排布置的静压气浮供气点的螺旋槽动静压复合气体止推轴承,静压气浮供气点两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽方向相同或相反。The spiral groove dynamic and static pressure composite gas thrust bearings of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point arranged in double rows have the same or opposite directions of the spiral dynamic pressure grooves on both sides of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point.
所述的双排布置的静压气浮供气点的螺旋槽动静压复合气体止推轴承,两排静压气浮供气点的螺旋状动压沟槽相通或不通。The spiral groove dynamic and static pressure composite gas thrust bearings of the static pressure air flotation gas supply points arranged in double rows, and the spiral dynamic pressure grooves of the static pressure air flotation gas supply points in the two rows are connected or not connected.
具体实施例specific embodiment
实施例1:Example 1:
如附图1所示,在止推轴承工作面1上静压气浮供气点3分布圆两侧分别开有不相通的螺旋状动压沟槽2,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 1, on the working
实施例2:Example 2:
如附图2所示,在止推轴承工作面6上静压气浮供气点5分布圆两侧分别开有相通的螺旋状动压沟槽4,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 2, on the thrust bearing working
实施例3:Example 3:
如附图3所示,在止推轴承工作面10上静压气浮供气点9分布圆两侧分别开有不相通的螺旋状动压沟槽7,螺旋状动压沟槽7外侧带有封气边8,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 3, on the thrust bearing working
实施例4:Example 4:
如附图4所示,在止推轴承工作面14上静压气浮供气点13分布圆两侧分别开有相通的螺旋状动压沟槽11,螺旋状动压沟槽11外侧带有封气边12,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 4, on the thrust bearing working surface 14, there are connected helical dynamic pressure grooves 11 on both sides of the distribution circle of the static pressure air flotation gas supply point 13, and the outer sides of the helical dynamic pressure grooves 11 have Gas sealing edge 12, this working face is equipped with smooth circular plane.
实施例5:Example 5:
如附图5所示,止推轴承工作面18上沿静压气浮供气点17分布圆的圆周方向开有多个与两侧螺旋状动压沟槽16相通的均压槽15,螺旋状动压沟槽16外侧不带有封气边,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in accompanying
实施例6:Embodiment 6:
如附图6所示,止推轴承工作面23上沿静压气浮供气点22分布圆的圆周方向开有多个与两侧螺旋状动压沟槽20相通的均压槽19,螺旋状动压沟槽20外侧带有封气边21,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 6, a plurality of
实施例7:Embodiment 7:
如附图7所示,止推轴承工作面27上静压气浮供气点26双排布置,静压气浮供气点26两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽25方向相同,两排静压气浮供气点26的螺旋槽25不通,螺旋状动压沟槽25外侧带有封气边24,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 7, the static pressure air flotation
实施例8:Embodiment 8:
如附图8所示,止推轴承工作面31上静压气浮供气点30双排布置,静压气浮供气点30两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽29方向相反,两排静压气浮供气点30的螺旋状动压沟槽29不通,螺旋状动压沟槽29外侧带有封气边28,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 8, the static pressure air flotation
实施例9:Embodiment 9:
如附图9所示,止推轴承工作面35上静压气浮供气点34双排布置,静压气浮供气点34两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽32方向相同,两排静压气浮供气点34的螺旋状动压沟槽32相通,螺旋状动压沟槽32外侧带有封气边33,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 9, the static pressure air flotation
实施例10:Example 10:
如附图10所示,止推轴承工作面36上静压气浮供气点38双排布置,静压气浮供气点38两侧的螺旋状动压沟槽39方向相同,两排静压气浮供气点38的螺旋状动压沟槽39相通,沿静压气浮供气点38分布圆的圆周方向开有多个与两侧螺旋状动压沟槽39相通的均压槽40,螺旋状动压沟槽39外侧带有封气边37,该工作面配以光滑圆形平面。As shown in Figure 10, the static pressure air flotation air supply points 38 on the thrust
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CN102261374A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-11-30 | 罗立峰 | Dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing |
CN102767562A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-11-07 | 清华大学 | Gas dynamic and static pressure mixed thrust protection bearing for electromagnetic bearing system |
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