CN102261374A

CN102261374A - Dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing

Info

Publication number: CN102261374A
Application number: CN2011101595608A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗立峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-06-15
Filing date: 2011-06-15
Publication date: 2011-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-15
Also published as: CN102261374B

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing, which comprises two outer discs and an inner disc in clearance fit, wherein the inner disc is clamped between the two outer discs. Two ends of the outer discs are provided with high-precision planes, and two ends of the inner disc are provided with regular groove-type patterns. The dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing is fixedly arranged on a high-speed rotating shaft through the inner disc, the two outer discs are fixedly arranged on a bearing seat, and the continuously generated dynamic pressure gas can be well kept in the fit clearance of the outer discs and the inner disc under the drive of the high-speed rotating shaft to form an air film required for supporting the axial positioning, namely thrust function of the high-speed rotating shaft, so that the functions of the dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing with certain stability and load capability are realized.

Description

Kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of bearings, relate in particular to kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing.

Background technique

Bearing can be divided into rolling bearing (use ball or roller), oilless bearing (use the lubricity material to rub and move), sliding bearing (using oil), gas bearing and magnetic bearing (utilizing magnetic force to do contactless action).Sliding bearing is divided into hydrodynamic bearing and hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers again, and wherein hydrodynamic bearing is that nationality comes supporting axis by slide relative motion generation oil pressure; Hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers are to come supporting axis through the high pressure oil that the bearing outside provides.Gas bearing is except using gases replaces oil, and other operating principles are identical with sliding bearing.Hydrostatic gas-lubricated bearing provides superheated steam from the outside; Move and produce pressure and hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearing is a slide relative.

Hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearing is as oiling agent with gas, between axle and bearing, constitute air film, the bearing type that to be all-moving surface directly do not contact with stationary face, and have pollution-free, frictional loss is low, the adaptive temperature scope wide, running steadily, service time plurality of advantages such as length, working speed height.Because frictional loss is few, does not also need to use lubricating oil, therefore on the high speed rotary application, be widely used, be used in the ultra-high speed applications field and the inconvenience that are difficult to support especially usually and use the lubricating oil place with rolling bearing.

Hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearing is pressed the direction difference of bearing load, is divided into kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing, kinetic pressure gas thrust-bearing and kinetic pressure gas thrust thrust combination bearing again.

Kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing is to form wedge shape space by two working surfaces that relatively move, and when they relatively move, gas is driven because of the viscous effect of himself, and is compressed in the wedge gap, produces kinetic pressure thus and bearing load.The gas dynamic pressure thrust bearing of different structure form is owing to structural difference, and its working procedure is slightly different.Comparatively common several kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing structural types have at present: watt formula of can inclining, slot type and paillon foil formula.

The three watt thrust hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearings that can incline are hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearings of a kind of function admirable, has self-regulation performance, can be in littler minimum air film interstice coverage trouble free service, insensitive to thermal distortion, resiliently deformable etc., and the machining accuracy assurance that is easy to get, also the variation to load has the outstanding advantage of " from motion tracking ".Because its good stability, the bearing capacity height is mainly used in large high-speed rotating machinery and turbomachinery at present both at home and abroad.But its bearing shell structure more complicated, the mounting process complexity, general thrust bearing requires high, thereby has limited its application.

Though paillon foil formula thrust gas bearing has performances such as yielding support, good stability, but because the general employing of foil bearing is tinsel, also there are some difficult problems on its made technology and the technology, so the application of foil bearing also is restricted.

Though can incline watt and paillon foil formula kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing stability fine,, the processing technology more complicated, practical application at present still has certain difficulty.

The slot type bearing has stability preferably, even certain stability is also arranged under zero load, moreover, under high speed, its static bearing capacity is big than the bearing of other form, be used on the miniature high-speed rotating machinery at present more, as in the precision optical machinery of gyroscope and magnetic drum and so on as bearing.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind ofly has excellent properties such as the light and handy and low cost of manufacture of permanent, simple in structure, weight of high rigidity, reliable performance, the life-span that can support the high speed rotary axle, and can realize the kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing of industrialization.

The technological scheme that adopts for solving the problems of the technologies described above: a kind of kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing, two that include Spielpassung coil outward and an inner disc, and wherein inner disc is clipped between two outer dishes.The two ends of described outer dish all have high precision plane, and the two ends of described inner disc all have regular shape slot type decorative pattern.Kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing is fixedly mounted on the high speed rotary axle by inner disc, under the drive of high speed rotary axle, the kinetic pressure gas that produces can remain in the matching gap of outer dish and inner disc preferably continuously, forming and supporting an axially locating that runs up is the required air film of thrust function, thereby realizes having the kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing function of certain stability and load-carrying ability.

On the basis of the above, the slot type decorative pattern at described inner disc two ends is symmetrical arranged, and described slot type decorative pattern is the impeller shape evenly to be laid, and every groove extends to cylindrical by the interior circle of inner disc always.Under the drive of high speed rotary axle, impeller shape groove can produce more kinetic pressure gas and press in the matching gap of outer dish and inner disc, forms the more air film of high pressure.

Can be preferably, described outer dish all adopts the carbide ceramics based composites to prepare with inner disc and processes.The carbide ceramics based composites is a kind of stupalith with low cost, convenient and practical, in light weight, excellent anti friction wear, performance such as high temperature resistant, it not only can be applied in novel space flight and aviation motor, also can be widely used in military fields such as aircraft, cruise missile, antiaircraft missile and intercontinental missile, can also be applied to support the bearing on the high speed rotary axle, as the high-speed electric expreess locomotive bearing.

On the basis of the above, described two outer dishes all are fixed in the motor thrust bearing cavity.Described inner disc is 0.001～0.008mm with the matching gap of outer dish.

On the basis of the above, the inner circle wall of described inner disc offers three equally distributed grooves, and the inner disc of bearing can connect and the turning axle fixed installation by key like this, can realize bearing dynamic balancing and static balancing easily simultaneously.

Adopt the beneficial effect that the present invention brought: kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing of the present invention have simple in structure, easy for installation, financial cost is cheap, practical, industrialized implementation is easy.It not only can solve existing three can incline watt thrust hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearing on bearing shell structure and mounting process, since too complicated caused as difficult serial problems that realizes of industrialization such as expensive, poor benefits, simultaneously also solved the aerodynamic elastic foil thrust bearing on material preparation technology and technology, because the too much serial problem that does not reach the difficult realizations of industrialization such as designing requirement as expensive, performance that technical barrier caused.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the side structure schematic representation of kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the decomposition texture schematic representation of kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing of the present invention.

Embodiment

Shown in Fig. 1-2, a kind of kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing includes two of Spielpassung outer dishes 1 and inner disc 2, and wherein inner disc 2 is clipped between two outer dishes 1, and inner disc 2 is 0.001～0.008mm with the matching gap of outer dish 1.The two ends of inner disc 2 are provided with regular shape slot type decorative pattern, this regular shape slot type decorative pattern makes between outer dish 1 and the inner disc 2 and forms wedge shape space, when inner disc 2 externally coils 1 rotation mutually, gas is driven because of the viscous effect of himself, and be compressed in the wedge gap, produce kinetic pressure thus and support inner disc 2 and rotate.The slot type decorative pattern at inner disc 2 two ends is symmetrical arranged, and the slot type decorative pattern is the impeller shape evenly to be laid, and every groove 21 extends to cylindrical by the interior circle of inner disc 2 always.Kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing is fixedly mounted on the high speed rotary axle by inner disc 2, two outer dishes 1 then are fixedly mounted on the bearing support, under the drive of high speed rotary axle, the kinetic pressure gas that produces can remain in the matching gap of outer dish 1 and inner disc 2 preferably continuously, forming and supporting an axially locating that runs up is the required air film of thrust function, air film is promptly as the kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing oiling agent, make bearing stable running of high speed under pneumatically supported state, thereby realize having the kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing function of certain stability and load-carrying ability.

In order to make kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing possess excellent abrasion resistance, heat-resisting quantity, coil 1 outward, inner disc 2, all adopt the carbide ceramics based composites to prepare to process.It not only can be applied in novel space flight and aviation motor, also can be widely used in military fields such as aircraft, cruise missile, antiaircraft missile and intercontinental missile, can also be applied to support the bearing on the high speed rotary axle, as the high-speed electric expreess locomotive bearing.

The inner circle wall of inner disc 2 offers three equally distributed grooves 22, and bearing inner disc 2 can connect and the turning axle fixed installation by key like this, can keep the dynamic balancing and the static balancing of bearing simultaneously, makes bearing operation more steady.

Claims

1. kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing, include two outer dishes and an inner disc of Spielpassung, wherein inner disc is clipped between two outer dishes, and it is characterized in that: the two ends of described outer dish all have high precision plane, and the two ends of described inner disc all have regular shape slot type decorative pattern.

2. a kind of kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the slot type decorative pattern at described inner disc two ends is symmetrical arranged, and described slot type decorative pattern is the impeller shape evenly to be laid, and every groove extends to cylindrical by the interior circle of inner disc always.

3. a kind of kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described two outer dishes and an inner disc all adopt the carbide ceramics based composites to prepare and process.

4. a kind of kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described inner disc is 0.001～0.008mm with the matching gap of outer dish.

5. a kind of kinetic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inner circle wall of described inner disc offers three equally distributed grooves.